Workshop

Putting Science into Standards: Power-to-Hydrogen and HCNG

Concluding remarks

Dr. Marc STEEN JRC-IET Head of Unit Energy Conversion and Storage Technologies

Session 4

Session 3

Session 1

FCEVs

Ancillary Services

H2 fuel

Dispatchable Power

Low-carbon Heating

Mobility

H2 storage

Industry, Fuels Methanation

H2 feedstock

Renewable Power

Power Grid

RNG

Captive RE

HCNG

Session 4

Session 3

Session 1

FCEVs

Ancillary Services

H2 fuel

Dispatchable Power

Low-carbon Heating

Mobility

H2 storage

Industry, Fuels Methanation

H2 feedstock

Renewable Power

Power Grid

RNG

Captive RE

HCNG Session 2

Admixture

Session 4

Session 3

Session 1

FCEVs

Ancillary Services

H2 fuel

Dispatchable Power

Low-carbon Heating

Mobility

H2 storage

Industry, Fuels Methanation

H2 feedstock

Renewable Power

Power Grid

RNG

Captive RE

HCNG Session 2

Admixture

curtailment

Session 4

Session 3

Session 1

FCEVs

Ancillary Services

H2 fuel

Dispatchable Power

Low-carbon Heating

Mobility

H2 storage

Industry, Fuels Methanation

H2 feedstock

Renewable Power

Power Grid

RNG

Captive RE

HCNG Session 2

Admixture

No higher RES in end-use

curtailment

Session 4

Session 3

Session 1

FCEVs

Ancillary Services

H2 fuel

Dispatchable Power

Low-carbon Heating

Mobility

H2 storage

Industry, Fuels Methanation

H2 feedstock

Renewable Power

Power Grid

RNG

Captive RE

HCNG Session 2

Admixture

No higher RES in end-use

curtailment

Workshop: Identify and deal with specificities of P2H2 as enabler of transition:

performance-based standards for smarter regulation What? Who? By When, How?

Roadmap

Main Issues - Session 1

H2 fuel

Admixture

Renewable Power

Power Grid

Captive RE

H2 storage

• Clear definition of electrolyser system with standardised KPIs

• Electrolysis mature technology, but adaptation to flexible operation needed

• Revision of electrolyser standard

• Electrolyser safety

• Alignment of policy, technology and standards framework

Session 1 – Next Steps (1)

• R&D to adapt and improve the technologies

• Demonstration projects to prove the potential of the technologies in the field, driven by industry in collaboration with research.

• Improve the understanding of national/EU legislations, scenarios and business cases for electrolysis and energy storage.

• Involve other stakeholders, namely grids operators, end users, etc.

• Develop and update the regulatory framework.

Session 1 – Next Steps (2)

Market creation/regulatory

framework

Research and Development

Defining H2 as green fuel

Integration of technologies in

electricity, gas and heat grids

Interface with different

applications/uses:

o mobility,

o energy and

o industry

Definition of boundary conditions

Definition of key parameters

(lifetime, durability, service, quality,

safety and security)

Storage control

LCA and LCC

Materials

Use of pipelines (beyond NaturalHy)

Underground storage

Major role of demonstration driven by industry for specifying boundary

conditions and for assessing technical feasibility

Major role of research organisations for defining and proposing relevant

R&D approaches on energy systems, on electrolysis technologies, on single

components and for achieving innovations

Iterations between demonstration and R&D required for bridging the gap

between demonstrated technical feasibility and the availability of

solutions for storing intermittent energy being economically and

environmentally relevant, liable to be introduced on the market and

submitted to societal acceptance

Session 1 – Next Steps (3)

Session 2

FCEVs

H2 fuel

H2 storage

Methanation

H2 feedstock

Admixture

RNG

Main Issues - Session 2

• Establishing a European understanding of H2 tolerances

• Necessity of regulatory support

• Integrated approach necessary

• Fluctuating gas composition

• Further research: CNG tanks and filling stations, appliances and industrial burners, underground storage, compressors, gas composition analysis

Session 2 – Next Steps

• Establish the limit of H2 that can be safely injected in the natural gas grid

• Develop meters/methods for H2 concentration monitoring

• Material research in order to better understand H2 tolerance on pipelines, storage tanks etc.

• Consolidate knowledge of existing projects and identify gaps where more research is needed

• Macroeconomic evaluation of power to gas routes including the cost for adaption.

Main Issues - Session 3

• The injection of H2 in the natural gas grid will affect all the current gas users

• Compensation systems for gas quality fluctuations

• End user installations certification for HCNG

• H2 limits set in future may not exceed 20% for safety reasons?

• Public acceptance

Session 3

Dispatchable Power

Low-carbon Heating

HCNG

Mobility

Session 3 – Next Steps (1)

Pre-normative research:

• flame length, temperature and heat radiation.

• end user installations certification for HCNG regarding their compatibility with flame stability and hydrogen embrittlement.

• ATEX zoning needs to be reassessed.

• Detection devices and mitigating safety measures need also to be certified.

•

• Need for a compromise on wide composition range for natural gas (to support security of supply) but equipment manufacturers need a narrow composition range to develop appliances.

• Vehicle tanks to accept higher H2 concentrations.

• Regulatory framework not adapted for HCNG.

Session 3 – Next Steps (2)

16

Session 3 – Research/Standardization Roadmap

• Adaption Gas Norms

EN 16726, EN 437

• Manuf. gas appliances,

grid operators

2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025 2030

• Devlpt. program gas measurement systems

• Manuf. gas appliances, measurements

• Development of roadmap HCNG, medium and long term (all stakeholders)

• Invest. CNG car tanks

• Car manufacturers

• Development program for adaptive control systems

• Manufacturer of gas appliances

• Adaption ECE R11

• Car manufacturers

• Standardization process for adaptive control systems

• Manufacturer of gas appliances

• Development of local compensation strategies

• Manuf. gas appliances, grid operators Research Activities

Standardization Activities

Main Issues - Session 4

• Wind curtailment increasing

• Grid balancing services support RES

integration increasing need for

ancillary services

• Fast response electrolysis opportunity

for frequency control

• Voltage control other potential service

• Positive effect on the business case

Session 4

Session 1

Ancillary Services

Power Grid

Captive RE

Renewable Power

Session 4 – Next Steps

• limited experience with using electrolyser as ancillary service provider widening of service codes?

• TSO/DSO crucial part in grid service discussion

• Technical needs as an input to standardization:

• definition of test, measurement methods and load cycles in electrolyser performance standards to enable qualification for ancillary service provision (as well as conformity assessment by operators)

• definition of quality related parameters to determine/value the quality of supply of ancillary services

19

What we did not hear about

• Resource efficiency aspect: water?! • Energy security: impact of reverse gas flows?

General observations • Puzzle: multi-piece, multi-player, multi-dimension • We need common terminology • Efficiency has to be assessed at system level, not only of

individual conversion devices • Renewable hydrogen is the key word • YES, costs and cost evolution are important

20

CEN & CENELEC Roadmap: Opportunities for Power to Hydrogen

and HCNG - New Working Group on Hydrogen-Energy

2014 2015 2016

Call for experts

Outcomes from WS JRC-EARTO-CEN/CENELEC

Recommendations-Identification of : • related/concerned/existing TCs, • NWIP, • Continuation of the WG (further work) • ….

2017

WG Hydrogen-Energy

• All presentations can be downloaded here:

• https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/event/workshop/putting-science-standards-power-hydrogen-and-hcng

•Many thanks to all!

on behalf of