Workshop Sc (Panitia)

ENHANCING YOURTECHNICAL KNOW HOW

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THE PAPER

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UPSR TECHNIQUE

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When someone watches someone or something carefullySomething that you directly see, hear, smell, taste, or touch Nothing the properties of objects and situations using the five senses.E.g. seeing,hearing,touching,smelling,tasting

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Tips for Answering ObservationAnswer only what you observe based on the results in the graph, diagrams ,tables OR informations given.

Do not give reasons for your answer. If you give reasons, it means that you have state an inference not observation.

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If observation is made on more than one object or situation , we have to make comparison . Without comparison , the observation will not be precise .

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Pigeon A is smaller than pigeon B.What can be observed from the diagram above?

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Two similar potted balsam plants are used in this experiment, They are labelled A and B. A transparent plastic bag is placed over plant B and tied at the base. Then, two potted plants are placed outdoors and watered every day for two weeks .State your observation after two weeks Pot A dies , Pot B stays alive.Plant in pot B dies.Plant in pot A is still alive, plant in pot B dies.

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A. The fish in container P stays alive.C. The container P stays alive.B. The fish in container P stays alive, the fish in container Q dies.State your observation after a few hours.

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a) What can you observe from the graph given? The number of chicks decrease.

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State one observation based on the graph above?The number of tigers in habitat Q is more than the number of tigers in habitat P

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State you observation based on the table above.The mass of the marbles increase.

The number of marbles on a weighing balance203040The mass of marbles (g)608090

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Table below shows the time taken by three cars, P,Q and R to cover a distance of 120 km.What can be observed from the table above?The time taken for car P to cover a distance of 120 km is faster than car Q and R.The fastest time taken for car P to cover a distance of 120 km.

CarPQRTime taken ( hr)11.52

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What can be observe from the table above?The number of frogs increase, the number grasshoppers decrease.

Week 1234Number of grasshoppers38302317Number of frogs591419

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River A River BWrite an observation based on the Diagram 1 above .Size of the fish at river A is bigger than the fish at river B

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A fact that you decide is true because of the information that you have.A statement worked out from a given information, such as observations and measurements.Giving an explanation for a particular object or event

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Give a reason why planet Pluto takes the longest time to make one complete movement around the Sun?Because Pluto has the biggest orbit.Give a reason why planets are not colliding with each other?Because all planets moving around the Sun in their own orbits.

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Diagram below shows a circuit that is prepared by Zulkifli to carry out a experiment.

Observation : The bulb lights upa) Give a reason based on the observation above.The bulb lights up because nail is a conductor

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Two similar potted balsam plants are used in this experiment, They are labelled A and B. A transparent plastic bag is placed over plant A and tied at the base. Then, two potted plants are placed outdoors and watered every day for two weeks.Give an inference based on your observation.Observation :Plant A is still alive, plant B is dead.Plant A is still alive because it gets air, plant B is dead because it does not get air.

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The diagram below shows the changes of the position of a shadow throughout the day.What can you infer about the changes of the position of the shadow?The position of the shadow changes because the Earth rotates on its own axis from West to East.

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Observation.The dragonfly in container R died while dragonfly in container S is still alive after 5 hours.a) Give a reason for your observations Grasshopper in container R does not get air, grasshopper in container S gets air.

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Hen A Hen BHen B is bigger than hen A after 7 weeks.Give two reasons to explain your observations i) Hen B gets more food than hen Aii) Hen A gets quality food than hen Biii) Hen A is from a quality breed than hen B

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The observations are recorded by Nellina are as follows:-

The toy car moves faster on the glass surface.The toy car moves slowly on the sandpaper.a) Write two reasons to explain the difference in the above observations.

i) The glass surface is smoother and produces less friction.i) The sandpaper surface is rougher and produces strong friction.

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THE TECHNIQUE FOR ANSWERINGsomething that changes in different situations

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Variables are situations or factors that can be changed in an investigation.Examples of variables are time , mass , temperature and the amount os substances used.In a scientific investigation, one variable is manipulated (what is changed ) to study its relationship with a responding variable (what to observed/measured). At the same time, other variables are kept constant.

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There are three types of variables:- a) what is changed manipulated variable Things that being changed in the experiment

b) What is observed/measured- responding variable Things that being observed/ recorded/measured

c) What is kept the same-constant/fixed variable Things that kept the same so it will not affect the result of the experiment

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Suppose we want to test this statement. The more salt dissolved in water,the higher the boiling temperature.What must be changed?What must be observed?The amount of salt dissolved in waterThe boiling temperatureExercise 19

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Suppose we want to test this statement. The higher the ramp, the faster time taken for the toy car to reach the finishing line.What should be changed?What should be observed?The height of the rampThe time taken for the toy car to reach the finishing line.Exercise 19

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Aina observed a mother bird and nestlings in a tree outside her house . She was surprised to find that the mother bird would leave the nest and return with food for nestlings. Her observations are recorded in the table below.a) What are the two types of data collected? 1) The age of the nestlings 2) The number of feeds per day

Age of nestlings (days)Number if feeds per day14104204300

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State two informations that should be gathered in this investigation.The types of object, the time taken for theobjects to absorb water.24

Types of objectTissue paperCottonHand towelSpongeTime taken to absorb / second5152340

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The table shows two observations of an experiment that was conducted by Azam. Two series circuit were built. Circuit P has two bulbs whereas circuit Q has three bulbs.a) What variables that should be kept the same? the type of circuits the number of batteriesWhat is changed?The number of bulbsWhat is observed?The brightness of the bulb

CircuitsPQThe brightness of the bulbsBrighterDim

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.A group of students carry out an investigation. The results of the experiment are shown in a table below.What to change ?The types of substanceWhat to measure ?The final length of substancesWhat to keep the same?The initial length of substances

SubstanceInitial length / cmLength after 25 g weight is hung / cmA rubber band810 A length of raffia88A bicycles inner tube89

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Farah carried out an investigation on two objects in two different position. Objects P and Q are of the same size, shape and material.Sarah blows towards both objects slowly.It was found P fall faster than QBased on the investigation, state the following :What to change ( Manipulated variable )

The size of the base area.Exercise 21

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Farah carried out an investigation on two objects in two different position. Objects P and Q are of the same size, shape and material.Sarah blows towards both objects slowly.It was found P fall faster than QWhat to observe ( Responding variable )The time taken for the objects to fall.Exercise 21

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Farah carried out an investigation on two objects in two different position. Objects P and Q are of the same size, shape and material.Sarah blows towards both objects slowly. It was found P fall faster than QWhat to keep the same ( Constant variable)The type of objects.Exercise 21

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The number of leaves

The mass of fertiliser (g)

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Diagram below shows a circuit that is prepared by Zulkifli to carry out a experiment.

What is observed in this investigation ?The condition of the bulbs.

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What is changed ?What is observed?The presence of airThe condition of the dragonflies

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THE TECHNIQUE FOR ANSWERINGREMEMBER!!! FOR THIS QUESTION, YOUR ANSWER SHOULD START WITH WTC

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The number of swings depends on the length of strings

What is the relationship between the two variables in the statement above?

The morethe length of strings,the lesserthe number of swings.The longer

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Write a relationship between the two factors in the statement above.

The morethe number of chicks in a container, the greaterthe competition among the chicks.

Which one is C and which is MO?

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The brightness of the bulbs is influenced by the number of dry cells.The morethe number of dry cells,the morethe brightness of the bulbsWhat can you say about the statement above?

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What can you say about the distance between the torch and the object and the height of the shadow?The morethe lesser

The morethe distance between the torch andthe object, the lesserthe height of the shadowThe further

The distance between the torch and the object (cm)1020304050The height of the shadow (cm)20161284

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An investigation was done to study the relationship between the number of sponges used and the amount of water absorbed. Table 1 above shows the results obtained.What does happen to the volume of water absorbed when the number of sponge increases?The more the number of sponge, the more the volume of water absorbed.

Number of spongeVolume of water absorbed (ml)130263387

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What is the relationship between the number of pupils having diseases with day ?As the day increases, the number of pupils having disease X increase.

DayNumber of pupils having disease X12345610141822

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Two similar potted balsam plants are used in this experiment, They are labelled A and B. A transparent plastic bag is placed over plant B and tied at the base. Then, two potted plants are placed outdoors and watered every day for two weeks .

State the relationship between the presence of air and the condition of the plants.If/ When the plant does not get air, the plant will die.

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THE TECHNIQUE FOR ANSWERINGREMEMBER!!! FOR THIS QUESTION, YOUR ANSWER SHOULD START WITH WTC, if there are WTC and WTO in the question.a) To investigate the relationship between WTC with WTOORb) To show that

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Diagram below shows an experiment that is carried out by SharifahWhat is the aim of this investigation?To show that air expands when heated.

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The picture above shows an investigation conducted by Kamarul. He put a balsam plant in a box with a hole at the side of the box. He waters the plant everydayWhat is the aim of this experiment ?To show thatthe shoot of plants respond to sunlight

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Two similar potted balsam plants are used in this experiment, They are labelled A and B. A transparent plastic bag is placed over plant B and tied at the base. Then, two potted plants are placed outdoors and watered every day for two weeks What is the purpose of this investigation?To investigate the relationship between the presence of air and the condition of the plants.

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Study the table below.What is the purpose of this investigation ?

To investigate the relationship betweenthe size of vehicleswith the number of passengers.

VehiclesNumber of passengersCar5 peopleVan7 peopleBus40 people

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Siti and her friends conduct an experiment.They put a few marbles on a lever balance one by one and the masses are recorded in the table.What is the aim/ purpose/ what to find out from this experiment?The answer

number of marblesmass (g)To investigate the relationship between the____________with the_________________________Find out C and MOnumber of marblesmass (g)

123451020304050

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A group of students carried out a study to find out the relationship between frogs and grasshoppers in a garden. The study was completed in five weeks. The observations are recorded in the followig table.What is the aim of this investigation?To investigate the relationship between the number of grasshoppers with the number of frogs.

Week1234Number of grasshoppers38302317Number of frogs 591419

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Diagram below shows an investigation carried out by Meng KiatMeng Kiat finds that the bulb will light up more brightly after two batteries are added o the circuit.What is the aim of the investigation?To investigate the relationship between _______________ and ______________________________-the number of batteriesthe brightness of the bulb.

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The picture shows an investigation carry out by Mary. She records the time taken in the process of swinging of a pendulum.The table below shows the results.What is the aim/ purpose/ what to find out from this experiment?To investigate the relationship between the _____________with the __________________________________ number of oscillationtime taken TRY THIS EXERCISE

number of oscillation010203040time taken (second)07142128

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WXY

Metal rulerPathFour pupils are asked to bring a ball and run around the metal ruler and time taken of four pupils are recorded into the table below.What is the purpose/aim of this experiment.Identify C and MOthe size of the path the time taken for pupils to complete their runningTo investigate the relationship between ______________________with __________________________________________________Sometimes, you must find the C by yourself.CMO

PupilsWXYZTime taken ( minutes)2468

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A group of pupils carried out an investigation to study the distances between the trees in three different orchads.They present their information in a bar chart as show in diagram 1.Distance between treesTrees

Orange Rambutan DurianWhat is the aim of this investigation? To investigate the relationship between the size of the treeswiththe distance between trees.The name of the trees are not WTC.What is changed is what is the difference between the trees

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PREDICTIONForecasting a future occurrence based on past observations or the extension of data

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THE TECHNIQUE FOR ANSWERING

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Yazid poured 50 cm of water into a measuring cylinder. He had several marbles of the same size. He wanted to measure the volume of each marble. He dropped the marbles, two at a time , into the cylinder. The volume of water was recorded each time he dropped the marbles as shown in the table below.Predict the volume of water if 20 marbles were dropped into the measuring cylinder.70 cm2 marbles = 2 cm1 marbles = 2 2=1 cm20 marbles = 20 cm + 50 cm = 70 cm

The number of marbles02468Volume of water (cm)5052545660

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Predict the distance of the egg from the water surface if 12 spoons of salt are used in the investigation.

3.5 cm12 ?

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A group of researches gathered information about an animal species in a particular forest. The table below shows information obtained by the researches.a) What is the trend in the number of the animal species? Decreasing

YearNumber of animals species1990200199517020001502005130

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In an investigation, Hakim observes the shadows of a stick from 7.00 a.m to 11.00 am. Table 1 shows the result of the investigation.How does the length of the shadow change from 7.00 a.m. to 11.00 a.m.?The length of the shadow decreases.-

TimeLength of shadow (9cm)7.00 a.m.369.00 a.m.2411.00 a.m.12

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The table shows the result of an investigation that was carried out by a group of pupils to observe the groth of microorganisms on a slide of bread.What is the trend that shown in the number of black spots ?

DaysNumber of black spots20416283104

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A group of students carried out a study to find out the relationship between frogs and grasshoppers in a garden. The study was completed in five weeks. The observations are recorded in the followig table.State the change in the number of frogs.increases

Week1234Number of grasshoppers38302317Number of frogs 591419

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The bar chart in diagram below shows the change in the length of the shadow of an object in a study.Length of the shadow9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 1.00 2.00 3.00Time a.m. a.m. a.m. noon p.m. p.m. p.m.1401201008060402010

State the pattern of change in the length of the shadow from 9.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m.decreases and then increases

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Based on the results, state the trend in the distance of the egg from the water surface.

Increases

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Based on the information in the table above ,what can you say about the volume of water in the measuring cylinder.The volume of water in the measuring cylinder increases

Number of cups1234Volume of water in the measuring cylinder.200400600800

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Based on the results in the table above ,what can you say about the mass of metal balls when the number of metal balls on a compression balance increases?When the number of metal ball increases, the mass increases.

Number of metal balls on a compression balance2468Mass(g)30060012001500

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Number of cars registered1970 1980 1990 2000Year

What can you say about the number of cars registered from the year 1970 to year 2000?

IncreasingThe bar graph show the number of cars registered in a state in four different years.

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A group of pupils carried out an investigation to measure the height of a table. The result of this activity is shown in the table.Based on the table above, what can you say about the height of the table measured by the three pupils?The height of the table measured by the three pupils are not the same.The height of the table measured by Shanti is the longgest.

PupilHeight of the table /spanLina6Jenny6 Shanti7

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Workshop Sc (Panitia)