World Bank/NEERI Workshop on Urban Air Quality Management in MumbaiMay 14, 2002

Looking ahead: What should be done differently? Chandra Venkataraman, Associate ProfessorCentre for Environmental Science and EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology, BombayPowai, Mumbai 400 076

Minute (yet absolutely essential!) details: MeasurementSource-receptor links and quantitative source apportionment For clear source identification, a PM2.5 cut in addition to PM2.5-10, along with chemical characterization (ions, elements, carbon species). QA/QC of measurements is an absolute must (advisory / assessment role for research/academic institutions?). Receptor models are less data hungry than dispersion models.

PM10 is dominated by crustal sources: e.g. Jan-Mar, 1999

Minute (yet absolutely essential!) details: Emission Inventory

Development and evaluation of emission factors applicable to India-specific sources

PM2.5 Emissions - Total: 4.01Tg yr-1[ Fossil fuel-50%; Biomass-50% ]

PM2.5 (4.01Tg yr-1)

kg km-2

100 150 500 1000 1500

New (or not-so-new) paradigmsIs ambient air quality so important? Citizens dont spend their time on the roofs of municipal buildings (Kirk Smith). Can we attempt source apportionment / control based on exposure / health-risk criteria rather than ambient air quality?

How do we obtain closure? Can we develop some methodology for rationalizing the emission inventory, with validated measurements and model predictions of ambient air quality?