TOTALITARIANISM WORLD HISTORY

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WHAT IS TOTALITARIANISM?

A SYSTEM IN WHICH THERE ARE NO LIMITS TO

THE GOVERNMENT’S POWER

THE GOVERNMENT CONTROLS EVERY ASPECT OF PRIVATE LIFE

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IT IS LED BY A DICTATOR, WHO RESTRICTS ALL

OPPOSITION, AND DEMANDS COMPLETE

LOYALTY TO THE STATE.

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WHY DID PEOPLE FOLLOW DICTATORS?

AFTER WORLD WAR I, PEOPLE LOST TRUST IN

DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENTS. THEY WANTED STRONGER

LEADERSHIP.

IN GERMANY, PEOPLE BLAMED THE NEW WEIMAR REPUBLIC (GERMANY’S GOVT.) FOR ACCEPTING THE

TREATY OF VERSAILLE. THE GREAT

DEPRESSION MADE THINGS WORSE.

IN RUSSIA, PEOPLE WENT HUNGRY UNDER THE TSAR (KING) AND FOLLOWED VLADIMIR LENIN, A COMMUNIST LEADER. HIS GROUP WAS CALLED THE BOLSHEVIKS.

AFTER HIS DEATH, HE WAS REPLACED BY JOSEPH STALIN.

IN ITALY, CITIZENS WERE UPSET OVER THE LIES TOLD TO THEM DURING THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE.

BENITO MUSSOLINI ROSE TO POWER AND PREACHED THAT FASCISM IS THE ONLY THING THAT WILL MAKE ITALY POWERFUL AGAIN.

FASCISM: A SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT UNDER ONE AUTHORITATIVE FIGURE (DICTATOR) WHICH USUALLY INVOLVES TERROR, CENSORSHIP, AND NATIONALISM.

HITLER AND THE NAZIS CONTROLLED THE MEDIA. THEY USED CENSORSHIP

TO SILENCE THEIR OPPOSITION.

HOW DID HITLER MAINTAIN CONTROL?

HITLER USED THE JEWS AND COMMUNISTS AS

SCAPEGOATS.

HITLER USED TERROR. HITLER’S SECRET POLICE,

THE GESTAPO, WERE ALLOWED TO ARREST

ANYONE.

STALIN USED PROPAGANDA TO SPREAD COMMUNIST IDEAS AND TO SHOW HIMSELF AS

“COMRADE STALIN”

“COMRADE” MEANS FELLOW COMMUNIST

HOW DID STALIN MAINTAIN CONTROL?

STALIN USED HIS SECRET POLICE TO SUPPRESS RESISTANCE

WORLD HISTORY

PEOPLE WERE SENT TO GULAGS, WHERE THEY WERE FORCED TO DO HARD LABOR. IT IS ESTIMATED ABOUT 20

MILLION PEOPLE WERE SENT TO GULAGS.

MORE THAN 10 MILLION DIED.

WHO WAS THE DICTATOR OF THE SOVIET UNION AFTER THE DEATH OF VLADIMIR LENIN?

STALIN

WHAT WAS THE NAME OF THE NAZI’S SECRET POLICE?

GESTAPO

A SYSTEM IN WHICH THE GOVERNMENT IS LED BY A DICTATOR AND CONTROLS EVERY ASPECT OF LIFE

TOTALITARIANISM

THE NAME OF THE PRISON CAMPS IN THE SOVIET UNION (RUSSIA) WHERE PEOPLE DID FORCED LABOR.

GULAG

WHAT DID COMMUNISTS CALL OTHER FELLOW COMMUNISTS?

COMRADE

1939-1945WWII BEGINS

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EUROPE MOVED TOWARD WAR

▸ 1936: German troops move into the Rhineland (Area on the border of France and Germany). This was a direct violation of the Treaty of Versailles

▸ 1936: Hitler and Italian dictator Benito Mussolini signed an alliance, creating the Axis powers.

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APPEASEMENT

▸ Britain and France were afraid that if they punished Germany too roughly then they would start another world war. So they decided that appeasement was the correct option.

▸ Appeasement- to pacify (calm) a situation by accepting another’s demands

▸ What does appeasement sound like?

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HITLER TAKING ADVANTAGE

▸ In March of 1938 Hitler continues to break the Treaty of Versailles by annexing (taking over) Austria.

▸ In September of 1938 Hitler meets with Britain and France and promises that he would not conquer any more land if the French gave him Sudetenland

▸ March of 1939- Hitler took over the country of Czechoslovakia.

APPEASEMENT BE DAMNED!

▸Again Britain and France do nothing. However, they feared that if Germany conquered Poland (a country which bordered Germany) then they would have to declare war.

▸August of 1939 Hitler meets with the Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin and agrees to not invade Poland. And in return, Soviet Union promises to not attack Germany if they do go to war.

▸September 1, 1939: Hitler invades Poland…who didn’t see that coming.

▸September 3, 1939: Britain, France, and Soviet Union declare war on Germany and Italy. FINALLY!

ALLIED POWERS AXIS POWERS

BRITAIN

FRANCE

USA

SOVIET UNION

GERMANY

ITALY

JAPAN

DO YOU THINK TOTALITARIANISM CAN HAPPEN IN AMERICA? WHY

OR WHY NOT?