World Populatio

nCh. 4 Sec. 1

Demography

The study of population- #’s

- Ethnicities

- Common characteristics

- Distribution/ Density

• The study of human populations, including their size, growth, density, distribution, and rates of births, marriages, and deaths.

Demography

According to the United

Nations, the World reached 6 billion people on October 12,

1999.

Population Growth

• 1000-1800: 1 billion ppl• 1800-1950: 2 billion ppl

–Doubled in 150 yrs

• 1950-2000: 6 billion ppl–Tripled in 50 years

• By 2050: 9 billion ppl!!

Between 1800 and 1950, the world population doubled, reaching 1

billion.We reached 6 billion in

1999.

At its current rate, we will pass 9 billion by the year

2050.

Frank and Erneston Population

Frank and Earneston Population

Explosion

Growth Rates• Death rate: # of ppl that die every

year per 1,000• Birth rate: # of ppl born every year

per 1,000

• Natural Increase (growth rate)= BR – DR

Frank and Earneston Birthrate

Growth Rates• Life expectancy- average number of

years ppl live w/ in a given population• Fertility rate- # of live births per 1,000

ppl (avg. amount of children/family)• Infant mortality rate- # of deaths of

infants under 1 yr. per 1,000 live births

• Child mortality rate- # of deaths of children ages 1-5 per 1,000

Growth Rates• How would death rates ?

–Better health care/ meds.–More food–Better technology–Better living conditions,

sanitation(think after Industrial Revolution)

Growth Rates

• Zero Population growth occurs when BR = DR–Usually happens only in wealthy

countries

–Most rural areas have tradition of many kids (farm work)

Growth Rates

• Doubling time:–# of yrs. it takes a pop. to

double in size

–Parts of Asia, Africa, Latin Am. = 25 yrs.

–Wealthy countries = 300 yrs.

90% of earth's population growth

occurs in less developed countries.

In Bangladesh- most densely populated country in world

Population Problems

• What would be problems of rapid growth?–Enough food to feed all

–Resource shortages (water, housing, clothing)

–Age distribution (too young)

Nairobi, Kenya

Mumbai, India

• http://populationpyramid.net/

Population Positives• What are good things that come

with growth?–Levels of technology/creativity rises

• Adv. in agriculture

help food prod.

–Enough workers to

keep economy going

Negative Pop. Growth

• Occurs when DR > BR–Not enough workers

–Labor must be brought in problems b/w different cultures

Population Distribution

• Pop. Dist. = pattern of human settlement

• Due to inhospitable land, ppl only live on 1/3 of Earth’s land

• Ecumene= portion of earth occupied by permanent human settlement

• Need 3 things:–Available water, fertile soil, & a good

climate

Which continents are the most densely populated?

What regions tend to be the least populated- think climate?

Which is more populated- urban areas or rural areas?

Population Density• Pop. Dens.= ppl per sq. mile

–Total population / total land area(arithmetic pop. dens.)

• Some countries have wide open areas= low pop. dens.

• Some are tinier countries= high pop. dens.–Ex: Belgium & Niger

Population Density• Uneven distribution- not all land is

usable–Egypt: 99% of pop. lives w/in 20

miles of Nile the rest is desert–Use physiological pop. dens. =

• Total population / total arable land

–181 ppl/sq. mile vs. 5,807 ppl/sq. mile

Based on total land = 181 people per square mile.

Egypt’s Pop.Density

Based on arable land = 5807 people per square mile. 99% of Egyptians live

within 20 miles of the Nile River.

Population Movement

• Migration: ppl move place to place–City to city,

suburb to suburb, rural to urban

Urbanization

• What are reasons to move to the city?–Jobs

–Education

–Land goes bad

–Health care/ social services

½ of world’s population lives in cities!

Migration

• Between countries:–Emigrants in home country

–Immigrants in new country

• Reasons to leave:–War, food shortages, jobs,

education, oppression/ persecution, disaster