World War I

# 1 – Militarism

ARMS RACE

PLANS

CONSCRIPTION

1. The League of the Three Emperors (1872)2. The Dual Alliance (1879)3. The Second Three Emperors' League (1881)4. Triple Alliance (1882)5. Reinsurance Treaty (1887) 6. Dual Alliance (1893)7. Franco – Italian Alliance (1900)8. Anglo-Japanese Alliance (1902)9. Entente Cordiale (1904)10. Anglo-Russian Entente (1907)

# 2 – Alliances

WOW!

“Oh what a tangled web we weave,When first we practice to deceive! “

GERMANY

GERMANY

AUSTRIA

AUSTRIA

RUSS

IA

RUSS

IA

FRANCEFRANCE

ITALY

GREAT GREAT

BRITAINBRITAIN

Alliances (cont.)

• Triple Alliance (1882)– Germany – Austria– Italy

Italy’s commitment Italy’s commitment was doubtfulwas doubtful

Alliances (cont.)

• Triple Entente (1907)

EntenteEntente = friendly understanding not = friendly understanding not a binding alliancea binding alliance

# 3 – Internal Dissent

• Labor unions in the states began to use strikes more often and some were violent.

• The leaders of the states believed that war would bring an end to the internal disorder.

# 4 – Nationalism

• At the settlement of the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the principle of nationalism was ignored in favor of preserving the peace.

Nationalism (cont.)

• The Franco-Prussian War of 1870 left France seething over the loss of Alsace-Lorraine.

France wanted France wanted revenge!revenge!

Nationalism (cont.)

Two kinds of nationalism in 19th Century Europe:

1. The desire of subject peoples for independence – I.e. Balkans

2. The desire of independent nations for dominance and prestige

Nationalism (cont.)

1. Need for foreign markets after the increase in manufacturing caused by the Industrial Revolution

2. Countries competed for economic expansion

• Imperialism

Powder keg

• Serbia wanted to add Bosnia to create a larger independent Slavic state

• Serbia was supported by Russia

• A-H wanted to prevent it

Assassination – 28 June 1914

• Archduke & wife are assassinated while driving in motor pool in Sarajevo

• Gavrilo Princip – Serb

• Black HandArchduke Archduke

Franz FerdinandFranz Ferdinand

Chain of events – 1914• 23 July – A-H sent Serbia an ultimatum

• 28 July – A-H declared war on Serbia

• 30 July – Russia began mobilization

• 1 Aug – Germany declared war on Russia

• 3 Aug – Germany Declared war on France

• 4 Aug – Britain declared war on Germany

We’ll be right there.

I wish I was alive to

choke-out Frenchy!

I signed a blank check cousin Nicky!

I love it when a plan comes together!

Nice helmet Cousin Willie!