World War II Key Ideas Hitlers Steps to War: 2.
Rearmament/Rhineland 3. Austria 4. Munich Conference- Sudentland 5.
Czechoslovakia 6. Poland Video Slide 2 The Road to World War II On
your own paper explain what the cartoonist suggests Hitler is
doing? Who are the other people in this picture and what does the
cartoonist think of them? Slide 3 January 1933: Hitler became
Chancellor of Germany Slide 4 Hitler soon ordered a programme of
rearming Germany Hitler visits a factory and is enthusiastically
greeted. Many Germans were grateful for jobs after the misery of he
depression years. Slide 5 March 1936: German troops marched into
the Rhineland The Rhineland was a region of Germany that was
demilitarised after the Treaty of Versailles. Germany was not
allowed to have troops in the region. Hitlers actions showed how he
was willing to directly challenge the treaty. Slide 6 Slide 7 March
1938: Nazi Germany annexed Austria Again, this went against the
terms of the Treaty of Versailles which banned Germany from uniting
with Austria. However, the arrival of German troops was met with
great enthusiasm by many Austrian people. Slide 8 March 1939:
Germany invaded Czechoslovakia Hitler had ordered the occupation of
a part of Czechoslovakia known as the Sudetenland (in October
1938). Many hoped that that this would be the last conquest of the
Nazis. However, in March 1939, he ordered his troops to take over
the remainder of Czechoslovakia. This was the first aggressive step
that suggested that a war in Europe would soon begin. Slide 9 Slide
10 Hitler and Stalin (the Russian leader) signed a non- aggression
pact. They promised that neither country would attack the other in
the event of war. As part of the deal, Hitler promised Stalin part
of Poland, which he planned to invade soon. August 1939: Germany
and Russia signed a non-aggression pact This photo shows the
Russian foreign minister signing the pact, whilst Stalin stands
smiling in the background Slide 11 The non-aggression pact was
surprising. Hitler and Stalin were seen as natural enemies. When
Hitler talked of taking over new land for Germany, many thought
that he meant Russia. Hitler also hated Communism, the form of
government in Russia Hitler Stalin Slide 12 But, the pact allowed
Germany to march into Poland without fear of an attack from Russia.
On 3 rd September 1939, Germany invaded Poland and started a War
with Britain and France. September 1939: Germany invaded Poland
German troops marching into Warsaw, the capital of Poland. Slide 13
May 1940: Germany turned west and invaded France and the
Netherlands In May 1940, Germany used Blitzkrieg tactics to attack
France and the Netherlands. British troops were forced to retreat
from the beaches of Dunkirk in northern France. British troops were
forced to retreat from the beaches of Dunkirk in northern France.
Captured British troops, May 1940 Slide 14 Blitzkrieg Slide 15
Battle of Dunkirk May-June 1940 1939-1941 Germany overtook
everything in its path. They seemed unstoppable. 1939-1941 Germany
overtook everything in its path. They seemed unstoppable. Dunkirk
was a morale boost for Britain. Even though it was a defeat they
saved over 300,000 troops Dunkirk was a morale boost for Britain.
Even though it was a defeat they saved over 300,000 troops Slide 16
By June 1940, France had surrendered to the Germans Britain now
stood alone as the last remaining enemy of Hitlers Germany in
Western Europe. Vichy France- Vichy France- June 22, 1940, France
divided into two zones: one to be under German military occupation
and one to be left to the French in full sovereigntyGerman Adolf
Hitler tours Paris after his successful invasion. Slide 17 Battle
of Britain Sept, 1940 Germany wanted to invade Britain, but in
order to do so, it had to control the air. Germany wanted to invade
Britain, but in order to do so, it had to control the air. This
battle was fought in the air between the British RAF and the German
Luftwaffe. This battle was fought in the air between the British
RAF and the German Luftwaffe. Upon this battle depends the survival
of Christian civilization. Upon it depends our own British life and
the long continuity of our institutions and our Empire. Hitler
knows that he will have to break us in this island or lose the war.
If we can stand up to him, all Europe may be free and the life of
the world may move forward into broad, sunlit uplands. Upon this
battle depends the survival of Christian civilization. Upon it
depends our own British life and the long continuity of our
institutions and our Empire. Hitler knows that he will have to
break us in this island or lose the war. If we can stand up to him,
all Europe may be free and the life of the world may move forward
into broad, sunlit uplands. - Winston Churchill "The gratitude of
every home in our Island, in our Empire, and indeed throughout the
world goes out to the British airmen who, undaunted by odds,
unwearied in their constant challenge and mortal danger, are
turning the tide of the World War by their prowess and by their
devotion. Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by
so many to so few. "The gratitude of every home in our Island, in
our Empire, and indeed throughout the world goes out to the British
airmen who, undaunted by odds, unwearied in their constant
challenge and mortal danger, are turning the tide of the World War
by their prowess and by their devotion. Never in the field of human
conflict was so much owed by so many to so few. Winston Churchill
Slide 18 Slide 19 Operation Barbarossa, June 1941 But in May, 1941,
Hitler ordered a change of tactics. He decided to halt the bombing
of Britain and launch an attack against Russia. He betrayed Stalin
and ignored the promises he had made. This was a bold move that
would prove to be an important turning point in the War. Slide 20
Review Questions: 1) In what ways did Hitler ignore the Treaty of
Versailles? 2) At what stage do you think other countries should
have attempted to stop Hitler by using force? Why do you think they
did not? 3) How was Hitler able to take over Western Europe so
quickly? 4) Why did he create problems for the German army by
deciding to invade Russia? Slide 21 Battle for Moscow October 2,
1941 Moscow itself had been turned into a fortress 422 miles of
anti-tank ditches Moscow itself had been turned into a fortress 422
miles of anti-tank ditches 812 miles of barbed wire 30,000 firing
points By December, Germany was 18 miles from the center of Moscow
By December, Germany was 18 miles from the center of Moscow Germany
lost 155,000 men Germany lost 155,000 men Harsh winter temperatures
reached -20 at night Harsh winter temperatures reached -20 at night
Supply trains had a hard time supplying an army spread out that far
Supply trains had a hard time supplying an army spread out that far
January of 1942 Hitler withdrew, ending Operation Barbarossa
January of 1942 Hitler withdrew, ending Operation Barbarossa Slide
22 Slide 23 Battle of Stalingrad Winter 1942-1943 Last German
offensive attack Last German offensive attack Historians believe
Hitler went after Stalingrad because it was named after Stalin
Historians believe Hitler went after Stalingrad because it was
named after Stalin Stalingrad was a complete loss for Germany,
91,000 prisoners taken Stalingrad was a complete loss for Germany,
91,000 prisoners taken Germany was in full retreat after this
battle Germany was in full retreat after this battle Slide 24
Battle of Kursk July, 1943 German was in retreat after Stalingrad,
and Hitler was worried about image and morale German was in retreat
after Stalingrad, and Hitler was worried about image and morale He
launched an offensive He launched an offensive Greatest Tank Battle
Greatest Tank Battle Germany lost Germany lost 500,000 men 500,000
men Now in full retreat Now in full retreat Slide 25 Battle of
Normandy June 6 th 1944 US joins the war in Europe and unites with
Britain to take back France US joins the war in Europe and unites
with Britain to take back France Normandy is the point where the
Allied invasion force lands Normandy is the point where the Allied
invasion force lands Heavy beach fighting as the force pushes their
way inland Heavy beach fighting as the force pushes their way
inland Slide 26 Battle of the Bulge Winter 1944-1945 German halted
their retreat for one last attack. German halted their retreat for
one last attack. Largest battle fought by Americans in WWII Largest
battle fought by Americans in WWII The Germans experienced great
success to start with. Why was this? The Allies were surprised by
the attack. They had received little intelligence that such an
attack would take place. Before the attack started, English
speaking German soldiers dressed in American uniforms went behind
the lines of the Allies and caused havoc by spreading
misinformation, changing road signs and cutting telephone lines.
Those who were caught were shot after a court martial. The weather
was also in Hitlers favour. Low cloud and fog meant that the
superior air force of the Allies could not be used German success
last 2 days. Then the weather cleared and the Allies started
pushing back. Slide 27 Slide 28 Battle of Berlin April- May 1945
The Russians from the east and the Allies from the west surround
Hitler and his army in Berlin The Russians from the east and the
Allies from the west surround Hitler and his army in Berlin On the
morning of April 30 th Hitler was informed that German soldiers
would soon run out of ammunition. On the morning of April 30 th
Hitler was informed that German soldiers would soon run out of
ammunition. Hitler and his wife of 1 day Eva Braun committed
suicide that afternoon Hitler and his wife of 1 day Eva Braun
committed suicide that afternoon Germany surrendered May 2, 1945
Germany surrendered May 2, 1945 Slide 29 Hitler Suicide Reading 1.
Who is Eva Braun? 2. List two things Hitler asked for in his will.
3. How did Eva die? 4. How did Hitler die? 5. What happened to
their bodies and why? 6. How long was Hitler the Fuhrer of Germany?
Slide 30 WW2 in the Pacific Slide 31 31 Japanese Goals of the 1930s
Revive economy hit by Depression Revive economy hit by Depression
Lead economic modernization in Asia - hoping to one day rival
Europe and the United States Lead economic modernization in Asia -
hoping to one day rival Europe and the United States Free Asia from
western colonial influences Free Asia from western colonial
influences Set up East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere Set up East Asia
Co-Prosperity Sphere Asia for Asians Asia for Asians Dominate Asia
economically and militarily Dominate Asia economically and
militarily Slide 32 32 Question What might limit Japans ability to
dominate Asia? What might limit Japans ability to dominate Asia?
Slide 33 33 Aggression in Manchuria September 1931, needing the
resources of Manchuria the Japanese army invaded September 1931,
needing the resources of Manchuria the Japanese army invaded China
protested to the League of Nations China protested to the League of
Nations The League of Nations condemned Japan The League of Nations
condemned Japan Slide 34 34 Slide 35 35 Tensions Rise in China By
1937, Japanese forces overran much of the northern part of China By
1937, Japanese forces overran much of the northern part of China
Rape of Nanking in 1937 Japanese forces brutalized the population
of Nanking murdering over 300,000 civilians and soldiers in a few
months Rape of Nanking in 1937 Japanese forces brutalized the
population of Nanking murdering over 300,000 civilians and soldiers
in a few months Slide 36 36 WWII in Asia Berlin, 1940 - Japan joins
alliance with Germany and Italy (WHY) Berlin, 1940 - Japan joins
alliance with Germany and Italy (WHY) Looked to European colonies
in Southeast Asia for resources Looked to European colonies in
Southeast Asia for resources FDR threatened to cut off supplies of
scrap metal, rubber, and oil FDR threatened to cut off supplies of
scrap metal, rubber, and oil Slide 37 37 Events leading to Pearl
Harbor Believing the United States will not only cut off supplies,
but also declare war, the Japanese planned a surprise attack on
Pearl Harbor to eliminate the American naval presence in the
Pacific Believing the United States will not only cut off supplies,
but also declare war, the Japanese planned a surprise attack on
Pearl Harbor to eliminate the American naval presence in the
Pacific Video Video Video Slide 38 38 Slide 39 39 Effects of Pearl
Harbor December 7, 1941, the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor December
7, 1941, the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor Japanese miscalculated
American response instead of cowering, the American people rallied
together Japanese miscalculated American response instead of
cowering, the American people rallied together December 8, 1941,
the United States declares war on Japan December 8, 1941, the
United States declares war on Japan Slide 40 40 Slide 41 41 Slide
42 42 Slide 43 43 Slide 44 44 Slide 45 45 Slide 46 46 Slide 47 47
Slide 48 48 Slide 49 Japanese Successes 1941 Guam and Wake Island
1941 Guam and Wake Island 1942- Philippines, Dutch East Indies,
Hong Kong, Malaya, Singapore and Burma 1942- Philippines, Dutch
East Indies, Hong Kong, Malaya, Singapore and Burma 49 Slide 50 50
Japans Eventual Defeat Slide 51 The Dropping of the Atomic Bomb
Video Video Video Pictures Pictures Pictures 51 Slide 52 Sadako
Sadako Sadako Casualties Casualties Hiroshima (pre-raid 255,000)-
Hiroshima (pre-raid 255,000)- 135,000 (estimates) 135,000
(estimates) Nagasaki (pre-raid 195,000)- Nagasaki (pre-raid
195,000)- 64,000 (estimates) 64,000 (estimates) 52 Slide 53 Slide
54 This is a photo of the atomic bomb blast over Nagasaki, Japan.
1. What do you see in the photograph. 2. From what point of view do
we see the atomic bomb blast? 3. Where is the photographer
situated? Why would he or she have wanted to take the photo from
that location? 4. Do you think the photograph glorifies or condemns
the power of the bomb? What aspects of the image support your
conclusion? 5. Do you think this image removes the emotional impact
of the devastating effects of the bomb? How? Why would you want to
remove the emotional impact of such a destructive device? Slide 55
"Awestruck, we watched it shoot upward like a meteor coming from
the earth instead of from outer space, becoming ever more alive as
it climbed skyward through the white clouds. It was no longer
smoke, or dust, or even a cloud of fire. It was a living thing, a
new species of being, born right before our incredulous eyes."
Slide 56 Activity There will be two groups. Each group will read
their respective packet and pull out arguments for or against
dropping the atomic bomb. Then answer the following questions. 1.
Describe the events leading up to the bombing of Hiroshima and
Nagasaki. 1. What was happening in the war? 2. What was happening
in the U.S.? 3. What was happening in Japan? 2. If you were the
president in 1945, would you have used the atomic bomb on Japan? 3.
What was the justification for using the bomb and killing so many
people? 4. What were the effects of the bomb in the cities of
Nagasaki and Hiroshima in the days and years following its
detonation?
