World War II

The Rise of Dictators

• Benito Mussolini• Fascist leader of Italy• Italy invaded other

countries under Mussolini

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The Rise of Dictators

• Adolf Hitler

• Fascist leader of Germany

• Leader of the Nazi Party

• He promised to strengthen Germany’s military and economy

• Stopped making payments for WWI

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The Rise of Dictators

• Hideki Tojo• Leader of Japan• Japan invaded China• United States blocked

steel from going to Japan, and froze assets

• The embargo is why Japan attacked Pearl Harbor

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Opposing Forces

• Germany, Italy, and Japan were the Axis Powers

• Great Britain, France, Russia, and eventually the United States were the Allied Powers

War Begins

• Germany invaded Poland in 1939

• Hitler invaded France and then launched the Battle of Britain in an air campaign

Russia

• Russia and leader Joseph Stalin were first on the side of Germany

• Hitler broke alliance and invaded Russia

• Russia then joined the Allied Powers

United States

• Most citizens favored isolationism• Congress passed the Neutrality Acts to keep

U.S. out of war• Lend-Lease Act of 1941- let Roosevelt lend

allies military supplies• German U-boats sank American supply

ships• Roosevelt gave shoot on sight order

Pearl Harbor

• Naval base in Hawaii• U.S. Pacific fleet

stationed at Pearl Harbor

• Base attacked by Japan on December 7, 1941

• 2,300 killed and 19 ships destroyed

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War

• United States declared war on Japan on December 8, 1941

• Germany and Italy declared war on the United States on December 11th

European Campaign

• War was fought on three continents: Europe, Africa, and Asia

• U.S. invaded North Africa in November 1942

• U.S. bombed German positions before land attack

D-Day

• U.S., Great Britain, and other Allied forces attacked Germany on Omaha Beach in Normandy, France

• Over 600 ships, 175,000 soldiers, and 11,000 airplanes were involved

• Over 2, 500, U.S. soldiers died on D-Day

D-Day

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D-Day

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Battle of the Bulge

• Allied forces moved toward Germany

• U.S. and Britain pushed to Germany from the East and Russia pushed from the West

• Germany made one big push back against the U.S. and Britain at the Battle of the Bulge

Franklin Delano Roosevelt

• Only U.S. president to be elected 4 times as President

• Vacationed in Warm Springs, Georgia at the “Little White House

• He died in Warm Springs on April 12, 1945

• Harry S. Truman became president

War ends in Europe

• Adolf Hitler commits suicide on April 30, 1945

• May 8, 1945, Germany surrenders and this day is called V-E day, for Victory in Europe

• Allies free millions in concentration camps where 11 million people, including 6 million Jews were killed. This is known as the Holocaust.

War in the Pacific

• The U.S. strategy for defeating Japan was called “island hopping.” The U.S. would take one island at a time.

• U.S. bombed major cities in Japan

• President Truman authorizes use of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan.

War in the Pacific

• . The reason was so the U.S. would not lose thousands, maybe millions with a land attack of Japan

• Japan surrenders on August 14, 1945. This is known as V-J Day for victory in Japan

WWII facts

• Over 20 million soldiers died and millions more civilians died

• 400, 000 Americans soldiers were killed

Georgia’s contributions to WWII

• Over 300,000 Georgians served in the military during WWII and 7,000 Georgians would die

• Men and women served, but only men saw combat

• Women take over factory jobs, become nurses, build ships and planes, and join the military

Georgia’s contributions to WWII

• Bell Aircraft in Marietta builds B-29 bombers

• Liberty ships were built in Savannah and Brunswick ports

• Georgia farmers grew more cotton, food crops, and peanuts for oil. They provided dairy products and meat for the soldiers.

Georgia’s Military Bases

• Camp Stewart-trained troops with anti-aircraft guns

• Camp Gordon- used for infantry, tank training, and POW camp

• Camp Benning- Home of the First Infantry Division, Airborne training and officer Candidate school for the Army

• Warner Robins Air Force Base- trained soldiers airplane maintenance and other support jobs

Georgia’s contributions to WWII

• Over 14 POW camps

• College campuses used as training facilities

• People planted Victory Gardens

• People rationed gas, meat, rubber tires,sugar and other goods. People sold their scrap metal for the war effort

Georgia’s contributions to WWII

• Children made candles to send to Britain, because many did not have electricity

• The war help Coca-Cola become a global business by serving the U.S. military and building factories in Europe and in the Pacific.

Hiroshima

                                                                                

London

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American Japanese Prisoner Camp

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