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World War II
Victory in the Pacific Theater
1942-1945
•After Pearl
Harbor, the
Japanese made
steady advances in
the Pacific
•Captured U.S.
island of
Philippines in 1942
Japanese Advances
•Bataan Death March
• 65-mile march that
killed hundreds of
U.S. prisoners and
10,000 Filipinos
Japanese Advances
•Battle of Midway
June 1942 – Allies
severely cripple
Japanese Navy
Marks beginning of
island-hopping
campaign
Turning Points
•Island Hopping:
Turning Points
•Feb. 1945 –
Stalin, Churchill,
FDR meet –
Soviets to enter
war with Japan
after defeat of
Nazi’s
Yalta Conference
Big Three at Yalta:
•Decided how to divide up Pacific
region, Germany, and eastern
Europe
Yalta Conference
•Japanese soldiers would not
surrender
•Kamikaze – begin attacking ships in
1944
No Surrender
•Manhattan Project
Code-name for
development of atomic
bomb
•July 1945 – Truman
appeals to Japan to
surrender – Potsdam
Conference
Final Defeat
At Potsdam the issue of how to deal with a defeated Germany
was further discussed. Afterwards, Churchill and Truman
shared their fears about the looming Soviet Power
Final Defeat
•August 6, 1945 – Hiroshima bombed •August 9, 1945 – Nagasaki bombed
Little Boy - Hiroshima Fat Man- Nagasaki
•August 10, 1945 –
Truman appeals to
Japan to surrender –
Potsdam Conference
•September 2, 1945 –
Formal surrender
Aboard US Battleship
Missouri (V-J DAY)
WWII had ended
Final Defeat
Show of force to the Japanese
during the surrender
ceremony
World War II 1939-1945
Impact of the War
Major Impacts1. Between 50-70 million killed
2. Economic and physical ruin to much of Europe and Asia
3. Germany was divided between West (Democratic) and East (Communist)
If you base it on
the high total of
70 million, the
Allies account
for around 60
Million of that!
If you base it on
the high total of
70 million, the
Axis account for
around 10
Million of that!
Beaver Stadium = Max
capacity is 107,000
500,000 People
Ten Stadiums =
1,000,000 (One
Million) People
10
M
I
L
L
I
O
N
P
E
O
P
L
E
This is what 50,000,000 people looks like
= 500 large football stadiums
Remember, each
one looks like this!
This is what 70,000,000
looks like! Remember,
each one looks like this!!!!
Nuremberg Trials•Axis power leaders were tried for “crimes against humanity”
•Many were sentenced to death
The United Nations•April 1945 – Representatives of 50 nations met in San Francisco to establish it
•Purpose is to provide a place to discuss world problems and develop solutions
The United Nations•There are two main bodies:
1.General Assembly – Representatives from 193 nations
2.Security Council – 15 member nations, 5 of which are permanent (U.S., Russia, France, Britain, China)
The United Nations
•The Security Council has the real power of the UN
The Holocaust
Warning! – Graphic images
What was the Holocaust?• It’s the term generally used to
describe the genocide of approximately six million European Jews during World War II
• It was part of the program of deliberate extermination planned and executed by Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler
• Other groups were also persecuted and killed, including ethnic Poles, the Romani (Gypsy), Soviet civilians, Soviet prisoners of war, the disabled, homosexual men, and political and religious opponents
• Nazis called it the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question."
German soldiers on the way to Poland. The inscription on the railway car
reads: "We are going to Poland to strike at the Jews". On the left, an anti-
Semitic drawing of a Jew
•The persecution and genocide were accomplished in stages:
1.Germans used laws (Nuremburg Laws)to legally discriminate against Jews
How were these people killed?
Instructional chart issued to help bureaucrats distinguish Jews from
Mischlinge (mixed race persons) and Aryans. The white figures are
Aryans; the black figures Jews; and the shaded figures Mischlinge.
2. Germany reinstituted Ghettos and forced Jews to live under terrible conditions
• The Jews were not allowed out of the ghetto
• Food supplied by Nazis = under 300Cal a day
• Very crowded with up to 30-40 per room
• No sanitation or running water
• hundreds of thousands of Jews died of disease and starvation.
3. Concentration camps were established in which inmates were used as slave labor until they died of exhaustion or disease.
4. Jews and Romani transported hundreds of miles by train to extermination camps where most were killed in gas chambers.
Romani (Gypsy) children that were victims
of Medical Experiments
Cold Water experiment being performed
on a prisoner by German Scientist
The Burning of Corpses
Polish Jews
after a
execution
Dead inmates at a labor camp
At left: “The last Jew of
Vinnitsa” about to be
executed at a mass grave.
Below: a Jewish child starving
and dying in a “ghetto”
created to place the Jews
before the camps.
Mass Graves
A pile of the victims glasses at Auschwitz
Sorting the shoes of victims in Auschwitz. Like all the other
property of the victims, it was sent to Germany
A letter stating the
cremating capacity of
the five Auschwitz
crematoriums is
specified as 4,756 per
24 working hours.
The furnaces of Krema II in Auschwitz.
A mass execution of Jews in Nazi occupied
Soviet Union.
The SS man is firing at a Jewish woman
who is wounded and trying to get up.
Naked Jews, including a young boy, just before their murder.
Naked = humiliation and exposure to the elements. Plus,
anything useful was often stripped, including the camp
uniforms, so that it could be used again.
Why did Hitler Hate the Jews?• The Nazis had a vision of an Aryan
Supreme German race that did not include Jews and many other groups of people
• Some Germans believed that "Jewish bankers" were responsible for the Treaty of Versailles
• Hitler blamed the Jews for Germany's defeat in World War I
• Hitler and others absorbed some of their parents' racism. Anti-Semitism has a long history
• Another key element of a dictatorship is fear, and a visible scapegoat experiencing the wrath of the state is a good way to keep people from stepping out of line
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sHcJtU
9dr6I – Band of Brothers Clip