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World War One. The War. The Balkans. The Balkans were known as the “Powder Keg of Europe” In 1912 Serbia in a effort to gain independence attacked the Ottoman Empire. The Serbs wanted control of Bosnia, however the Ottoman Empire had given Bosnia to Austria-Hungary. The Balkans. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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World War One
The War
The BalkansThe Balkans were known as the “Powder Keg of Europe”In 1912 Serbia in a effort to gain independence attacked the Ottoman Empire.The Serbs wanted control of Bosnia, however the Ottoman Empire had given Bosnia to Austria-Hungary.
The BalkansThe Ottoman Empire was seen as not being able to control the Balkans.The rest of Europe wanted the Balkans.
RussiaAustria-Hungary
The Serbs wanted the Austria-Hungarians out of Bosnia.
The Balkans
With tension running high in the Balkans “any small spark was likely to lead to an explosion”“The Powder Keg of Europe”
The Balkans/The SparkArchduke Francis Ferdinand
Was heir to the Austrian throne
On June 28, 1914 he was traveling in Sarajevo the capital of Bosnia.
Gavrilo Princip of a Slavic national movement that opposed Austrian rule assassinated the Archduke
Who is to Blame
The assassination started a chain reaction in Europe which lead to the war.
After looking at the chain of events decide who was to blame for starting World War One.
The Road to WarAfter the assassination Germany tells Austria-Hungary that they must punish Serbia for the assassination.Germany pledges unconditional support to Austria-Hungary
Road to WarJuly 23, 1914Austria-Hungary blames Serbia for the murder of the Archduke and his wife.Austria-Hungary makes harsh demands on Serbia.
An end to all anti-Austrian activity.An Austrian investigation of the assassination.
Road to WarSerbia knows that if it does not agree to the demands then there will be war.
Serbia agrees to all but a few of the demands.Wants to have the matter taken up in a international conference.
Road to War
Austria-Hungary refuses to negotiate.It rejects Serbia’s offers.On July 28, 1914 Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia.
Road to WarRussia, a Slavic nations, vows to help Serbia and mobilizes troops on the Austrian-Hungarian boarder.Russia also places troops on the boarder of Germany knowing Germany will come to the aid of Austria.
Road to War
Germany sees Russia’s troop placement as an act of war and on August 1, 1914 Germany declares war on Russia.
Road to War
Germany knows that France is an ally of Russia and on August 3, 1914 declares war on France.
The Schlieffen PlanGermany knows that it can not fight a war on two fronts.The Schlieffen Plan calls for Germany to attack France quickly, defeat the French and call an end to fighting.Germany would then turn their army back towards the Russians.
The Schlieffen PlanThe plan called for Germany being able to move their troops through neutral Belgium.The Belgium’s refuses to let Germany’s army march through.
WarOn August 3, 1914 Germany invades Belgium so that German troops can move into France.The German Army is unable to quickly move into France.
War
Britain is outraged that Germany invaded neutral Belgium and on August 4, 1914 declares war on Germany.
War Western Front
Extended from Belgium, across northeast France to Switzerland.
Eastern FrontRan from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea.
Southern FrontRan between Italy and Austria-Hungary.Also included the Africa and the Middle East.
War
Central PowersGermanyAustria-HungaryThe Ottoman Empire
Allied PowersBritainFranceRussia
Italy first started as neutral but later joined the Allies.
Note SummeryTake five minutes, look over your notes and the on a separate sheet of paper label it “World War One, The War” and summarize your notes.
How did events in the Balkans spark the war?Describe the chain of events that lead to the war.What was Germany’s plan of attack and why did it fail?Who took what sides during the war?Describe the Western/Eastern.Southern Fronts.
Class Work
Create your own graphic organizer to show the different countries and who was to blame for World War One.After you finish the organizer write a concise one page journal on who was to blame for the start of World War One.
Who was to blameFor
World War One
FranceRussia
BritainAustria-Hungary
GermanyFelt it must stand behind
Austria-Hungary
Homework
Study for the QuizRead pages 747-757Answer the following questions
Why was World war One called a total war?What affect did unrestricted submarine warfare have in bringing the U.S. into the war?
