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National Overview and case studies

Roberto Martínez Group of Geological Storage of CO2

WP 2 Country Review: Spain

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2GeoCapacity results and the future for geological storage of CO2

CO2 STORAGE POTENTIAL IN SPAIN APPLIANCE OF THE METHODOLOGY ESTABLISHED WITHIN GEOCAPACITY PROJECT

COCO22 STORAGE POTENTIAL IN SPAIN STORAGE POTENTIAL IN SPAIN APPLIANCE OF THE METHODOLOGY ESTABLISHED WITHIN GEOCAPACITY PROJAPPLIANCE OF THE METHODOLOGY ESTABLISHED WITHIN GEOCAPACITY PROJECTECT

National Inventory of the main CO2 emmision sources (>100 000 t/year), emmitting plantscharacteristhics, pipeline infrastructure, populated areas, natural parks, etc.

Source: CO2 Storage Group(IGME)

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3GeoCapacity results and the future for geological storage of CO2

Sedimentary basins that hold deeppermeable formations which are

filled with salt water

Source: CO2 Storage Group(IGME)

Ellaboration of maps to describe storage and sealing formations

Characterization of the geological formations: detailed geological and laboratory work

CO2 Storage potential in Spain

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4GeoCapacity results and the future for geological storage of CO2

1. TAJO BASIN

Total estimated CO2 storage capacity

815 Mt

• Many areasdiscarded because ofhigh fresh watercontent

• Very well definedformations andstructures

• Interesting for case studies

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5GeoCapacity results and the future for geological storage of CO2

1. TAJO BASIN

1366316400,07Lower Cretaceous (Utrillas)Clay11901150Sandstone and conglomerateLower Cretaceous (Utrillas)Tajo_11

1366316400,18Upper CretaceousEvaporite and clay11001040DolostoneUpper CretaceousTajo_10

1124864700,18CretaceousEvaporite and clay14601380Sandstone and conglomerateLower Triassic (Buntsandstein)Tajo_9

1,179E+0900,18Upper CretaceousEvaporites18951845Sandstone and conglomerateLower CretaceousTajo_8

1,179E+0900,07MioceneMarl15951485Limestone and dolomiteCretaceousTajo_7

52137881900,14CretaceousSalt and clay17501700Sandstone and conglomerateLowerTriassicTajo_6

3450621000,18TriassicClay and evaporites12501200Sandstone and conglomerateLower TriassicTajo_5

13828812900,03Upper Triassic (Keuper)Evaporite and clay792772DolostoneMiddle Triassic (Muschelkalk)Tajo_4

4613256300,03Upper Triassic (Keuper)Evaporite and clay792772DolostoneMiddle Triassic (Muschelkalk)Tajo_3

13828812900,11Upper Triassic (Keuper)Evaporite and clay840790Sandstone and conglomerateLower Triassic (Buntsandstein)Tajo_2

4613256300,11Upper Triassic (Keuper)Evaporite and clay840790Sandstone and conglomerateLower Triassic (Buntsandstein)Tajo_1

Shape Area (m2)SALINITYPOROSITYSeal AgeSeal lithologyDepth BaseDepth TopLithologyAge Strat UnitName

1366316400,07Lower Cretaceous (Utrillas)Clay11901150Sandstone and conglomerateLower Cretaceous (Utrillas)Tajo_11

1366316400,18Upper CretaceousEvaporite and clay11001040DolostoneUpper CretaceousTajo_10

1124864700,18CretaceousEvaporite and clay14601380Sandstone and conglomerateLower Triassic (Buntsandstein)Tajo_9

1,179E+0900,18Upper CretaceousEvaporites18951845Sandstone and conglomerateLower CretaceousTajo_8

1,179E+0900,07MioceneMarl15951485Limestone and dolomiteCretaceousTajo_7

52137881900,14CretaceousSalt and clay17501700Sandstone and conglomerateLowerTriassicTajo_6

3450621000,18TriassicClay and evaporites12501200Sandstone and conglomerateLower TriassicTajo_5

13828812900,03Upper Triassic (Keuper)Evaporite and clay792772DolostoneMiddle Triassic (Muschelkalk)Tajo_4

4613256300,03Upper Triassic (Keuper)Evaporite and clay792772DolostoneMiddle Triassic (Muschelkalk)Tajo_3

13828812900,11Upper Triassic (Keuper)Evaporite and clay840790Sandstone and conglomerateLower Triassic (Buntsandstein)Tajo_2

4613256300,11Upper Triassic (Keuper)Evaporite and clay840790Sandstone and conglomerateLower Triassic (Buntsandstein)Tajo_1

Shape Area (m2)SALINITYPOROSITYSeal AgeSeal lithologyDepth BaseDepth TopLithologyAge Strat UnitName

16,76405,74E+07730601,37E+07TAJO_11

27,62409,84E+07702401,37E+07TAJO_10

45,87401,62E+08708801,12E+07TAJO_9

145,6421,06E+10687501,18E+09TAJO_8

124,7129,08E+096871101,18E+09TAJO_7

49,3423,65E+09665505,21E+08TAJO_6

89,2403,11E+08718503,45E+07TAJO_5

23,3408,30E+07702201,38E+08TAJO_4

7,77402,77E+07702204,61E+07TAJO_3

213,27407,61E+08702501,38E+08TAJO_2

71,25402,54E+08702504,61E+07TAJO_1

Capacidad total estimada (Mt)

Factor de eficiencia

Volumen(m3)

Densidad CO2

(kg/m3)

Espesor

Área(m2)Estructura

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6GeoCapacity results and the future for geological storage of CO2

2.EBRO BASIN

Total estimated CO2 storage capacity

3,700 Mt

• High salinity data in most Mesozoicformations

• Many structuresstudied for natural gas storage

• Necessity of deepgeological investigationto confirm data

• Very active zone in CO2 storageinvestigation

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7GeoCapacity results and the future for geological storage of CO2

2.EBRO BASIN

Name Age Strat Unit Lithology Depth Top Depth Base Seal lithology Seal Age POROSITY SALINITY Shape Area (m2)

Ebro_1 Upper Triassic (Rhetiense) Dolostone and limestone 1200 1250 0,085 0 3,64E+09 Ebro_2_A Middle Triassic (Muschelkalk-III) Dolostone 1064 1179 0,1 0 3,58E+09 Ebro_2_B Middle Triassic (Muschelkalk-III) Dolostone 1456 1521 0,1 0 1,19E+09 Ebro_3_A Middle Triassic (Muschelkalk-I) Dolostone 1208 1283 0,1 0 3,43E+09 Ebro_3_B Middle Triassic (Muschelkalk-I) Dolostone 1600 1640 0,1 0 6,74E+08

Ebro_4 Lower Trassic (Buntsandstein) Sandstone and conglomerate 1320 1480 0,1 0 5,61E+09 Ebro_5 Upper Cretaceous Limestone 1200 1600 Clays Miocene 0,08 0 8,63E+09

Structure Area (m2) Thickness

CO2 density (kg/m3)

VOLUME(m3)

Storage efficiency

factor

Total estimated

CO2 storage capacity (Mt)

Ebro_1 3641643461 50 475 3,67E+10 2 147,03

Ebro_2_A 3584866087 115 440 4,12E+10 2 362,78

Ebro_2_B 1190257486 65 610 7,74E+09 2 94,38

Ebro_3_A 3430304027 75 470 2,57E+10 2 241,83

Ebro_3_B 674302004 40 640 2,70E+09 2 34,52

Ebro_4 5612920450 160 575 8,98E+10 2 1032,77

Ebro_5 8630036518 400 718 1,24E+11 2 1784,55

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8GeoCapacity results and the future for geological storage of CO2

3. DUERO BASIN

Total estimated CO2 storage capacity

6,307 Mt

• Large extension ofthe basin

• Very low oil exploration in most ofthe area because ofthe lack in motherrocks

• Necessity of verydeep geologicalinvestigation toconfirm data

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9GeoCapacity results and the future for geological storage of CO2

3. DUERO BASIN

5788,2480126,4314E+110,45040016,078E+09Duero 1 B

378,39451524,2999E+100,4401902,2631E+09Duero 2

140,09787321,6678E+100,4202500,6671E+09Duero 1 A

Total estimated CO2storage capacity (Mt)

Storage efficiency

factor

VOLUME(m3)

CO2density(t/m3)

Thickness(m)

Area(m2)Structure

16,078E+09> 10 00010 1360960

Limestone, Dolostone, Sandstone

andConglomerate

Upper andLower

CretaceousDuero 1 B

2,2631E+09> 10 0001012101020

Limestone, Dolostone

andSandstone

Middle andLower

TriassicDuero 2

0,6671E+09>10 000101125875

Limestone, Dolostone

andSandstone

Upper andLower

CretaceousDuero 1 A

Shape Area (m2)

SALINITY(ppm)

POROSITY(%)

Seal Age

Seal lithology

BaseDepth

(m)

Top Depth

(m)LithologyAge Strat Unit

Name

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10GeoCapacity results and the future for geological storage of CO2

4. GUADALQUIVIR BASIN

Total estimated CO2 storage capacity

4,734 Mt

• Strong geologicalcomplexity of the basin

• Heterogeneusinformation andconflicts of interestswith gas companies

• Natural risk in thehighest sismicity areaof Spain

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11GeoCapacity results and the future for geological storage of CO2

4. GUADALQUIVIR BASIN

Name Age Strat Unit Lithology Depth Top Depth Base Seal lithology Seal Age POROSITY SALINITY Guadalquivir_1 Upper Triassic Sandstone 850 875 Marl (loam) Miocene (Tortoniense) 0,2 0 Guadalquivir_2 Upper Triassic Sandstone and calcarenite 850 950 Marl (loam) Miocene (Tortoniense) 0,3 0 Guadalquivir_3 Jurassic Limestone 700 800 Marl (loam) Miocene (Tortoniense) 0,08 0

Guadalquivir_4 Upper Triassic Calcarenite 600 630 Marl (loam) Miocene (Tortoniense) 0,27 0

Guadalquivir_5 Lower Cretaceous Limestone 1500 1575 Marls and seals Lower Cretacic 0,08 0 Guadalquivir_6 Triassic Sandstone 2250 2310 Seals and evaporites Triassic 0,15 0 Guadalquivir_7 Lower Tertiary Sandstone 600 1200 Seals Miocene 0,24 0

Gibraltar Upper Triassic Sandstone 1760 1880 Seals Cretacic 0,07 0

Structure Area (m2) Thickness

CO2 density (kg/m3)

VOLUME(m3)

Storage efficiency

factor

Total estimated CO2

storage capacity (Mt)

Guadalquivir_1 1,10E+08 25 726 4,08E+08 40 159,33

Guadalquivir_2 1,10E+08 100 726 2,80E+09 40 956,00

Guadalquivir_3 8,16E+07 100 828 1,25E+11 40 216,16

Guadalquivir_4 8,80E+07 30 828 8,89E+08 40 236,09

Guadalquivir_5 9,33E+07 75 700 6,58E+08 40 156,81

Guadalquivir_6 3,85E+08 60 666 7,92E+08 2 46,10

Guadalquivir_7 1,57E+10 40 744 1,51E+11 2 2240,31

Gibraltar 6,35E+09 120 676 5,34E+10 2 721,44

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12GeoCapacity results and the future for geological storage of CO2

5.VASCO-CANTÁBRICA BASIN

Total estimated CO2 storage capacity

6,468 Mt

• Large extension ofthe basin offshore

• Active oil explorationin most of the areabecause of theexistence of some oil fields

• Very interesting areafor deeperdemonstration studies

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13GeoCapacity results and the future for geological storage of CO2

5.VASCO-CANTÁBRICA BASIN

15,994E+09>10 00018Chalk1100800Sandstone Lower CretaceousCANTÁBRICO

Shape Area(m2)

SALINITY(ppm)

POROSITY(%)

Seal Age

Seal lithology

BaseDepth(m)

Top Depth

(m)LithologyAge Strat UnitName

6467,27796924,6E+110,70216015,994E+09CANTÁBRICO

Total estimated CO2storage capacity

(Mt)

Storageefficiency

factor

VOLUME(m3)

CO2 density(t/m3)

Thickness(m)

Area(m2)Structure

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14GeoCapacity results and the future for geological storage of CO2

6. IBERIAN CHAIN

Total estimated CO2 storage capacity

1,420 Mt

• High uncertaintybecause of very lowgeophysichalexploration

• Favourable chainbecause ofunexistance ofmetamorphism

• Necessity of verydeep geologicalinvestigation toconfirm data

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15GeoCapacity results and the future for geological storage of CO2

6. IBERIAN CHAIN

Name Age Strat Unit Lithology Depth Top Depth Base Seal lithology Seal Age POROSITY SALINITYIbérica_1 Middle Triassic Dolostone 1250 1400 Clays Upper Triassic (Keuper) 0,1 -- Ibérica_2 Middle Triassic Dolostone 1800 1950 Clays Upper Triassic (Keuper) 0,1 -- Ibérica_3 Middle Triassic Dolostone 1800 1950 Clays Upper Triassic (Keuper) 0,1 -- Ibérica_4 Middle Triassic Dolostone 1800 1950 Clays Upper Triassic (Keuper) 0,1 -- Ibérica_5 Middle Triassic Dolostone 1800 1950 Clays Upper Triassic (Keuper) 0,1 --

Structure Area (m2) Thickness

CO2 density (kg/m3)

VOLUME(m3)

Storage efficiency

factor

Total estimated CO2 storage capacity (Mt)

Ibérica_1 2,44E+09 150 475 5,77E+09 2 348,17

Ibérica_2 1,10E+09 150 690 3,66E+10 2 228,73

Ibérica_3 2,30E+08 150 690 1,66E+10 2 47,60

Ibérica_4 3,62E+08 150 690 3,45E+09 2 74,85

Ibérica_5 3,48E+09 150 690 5,42E+09 2 721,13

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16GeoCapacity results and the future for geological storage of CO2

Final Overview

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17GeoCapacity results and the future for geological storage of CO2

Case Study: Almazan Basin

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