WRITING

ESSAY

Formado por 4 párrafos: - Introducción: donde se da una información general sobre el tema y se indica

el propósito del essay.- 2 párrafos centrales: donde generalmente se explican dos metodos

alternativos, explicando las ventajas que tienes o resultados..- conclusion: se explica por qué uno de los metodos es el mejor

FORMAS DE EMPEZAR:- it goes without saying that .... : obviamente, naturalmente- nowadays, it is common to hear/see- at the beginning of the 20th century X was ..but since then, the number of X

has soaredo

- X has become a mohor issue for many developed countries- Its generally accepted

PÁRRAFOS DEL MEDIO:- One approach/ an alternative approach- Firstly/ secondly

PÁRRAFO FINAL:- In conclusion, I would suggest that ...- Of the two areas of life discussed above, the more significant is, in my

opinion, the....- Of the two ways of (doing something) discussed above, the more effective

is, in my opinion, the...- Of the two benefits to society of sth which have been discussed above..- Of the two measures outlined before, I think that X is the more effective one- In summary..

EXPRESIONES:- These skills will stand them in very good stead when it comes to V+ing:

estas habilidades les resultan muy utiles en lo q se refiere a/ en materia de- It plays a not insignificant part- An enriching expirience- It is more far reaching in that it relates to all aspects of - X plays a significant role- Through- Nationwide network: red nacional de - Moreover- Sth is of benefit to - Regardless of: independientemente de- Is worth sacrificing- For the sake of future generations- It is cetainly true that- As a general rule- Recent research has shown that- There is evidence to suggest that - This could be a result of (ing)- In addition, furthermore (asimismo, ademas)- Thus: así, de este modo- Therefore: por lo tanto- Nevertheless/nonetheless- Currently- It is widely believed that- It is generally agreed that- Neither of these measures- This is the strategy that I would recommend (someone) adopt- It has increased by a huge margin- Many studies made on this field suggest that - Thus, some changes must be done to reverse this current situation.- Its efectiveness has not been tested yet.- Low-income families- In a long-term period- A Cost-effective (approach, way...) a cost-effective way: una manera

rentable- At an early age- Sth has become a major problem since....

- This could have a long-term impact- It is therefore essential that governments find ways to tackle this serious

problem.- In order to raise awareness (about sth or among sb)- A timely detection of: una deteccion a tiempo de- It is a problem that demands urgent action- Goverments need to impose stricter laws- There are many practical steps that could be taken to tackle this problem,

but the following two would probabl be the most effective.- It is an issue that governments should adress.- A wider range of - To impose stricter laws- It places them in a good position to- Owing to: debido a

PROPOSAL

FORMAS DE EMPEZAR:

Se empieza con un TÍTULO (hay q inventárselo)Tipos de títulos:

- proposal: improving staff relations at I-tech- proposal for the new arts magazine

Después le sigue una INTRODUCTION (general background), donde se escribe un comentario general acerca de lo q trata la proposal.Frases para empezar:

- The (town/centre/stadium/ club) is perfectly suited for (such events)- It is conveniently located/ideally situated/well connected to (the capital/

the centre)- There is little doubt that it would be a resounding success/ of great benefit

to the (town/company/neighbourhood)- Over the last few months there has been ...- As a popular sth

Después le siguen los párrafos hablando de lo que te piden ( tres párrafos o 2 si te piden problemas y sugerencias para resolverlos). Hay que relacionarlos empezando el 1º párrafo con firstly, el segundo con in addition o additionally y el tercero (si hay) con a further idea would be to

Despúes le sigue una observación positiva final (POSITIVE CONCLUDING REMARK)

Useful language:- I believe- I feel sure- It would be a resounding success-

Useful general language:- I suggest that we have - I propose that - I recommend this be led by - I should like to recommend (to sb) : es mi deseo recomendar - I recommend/suggest that you go...- I recommend/suggest V+ing- A wide selection of sth- This had had a negative effect/impact on...- In terms of- There is also- In addition, ...- Additionally- It also boasts sth: tambien destaca- It is within easy reach by car- It is within walking distance/driving distance of the centre/hotel- It is just a short walk/drive/ bus ride/train ride from the (station)- The (town/club/school) has easy access to (the motorway network)- My recommendations are as follows: (a continuacion, presento mis

siguientes recomendaciones:)- I strongly recommend that - I would suggest doing...- The following are my suggestions for...- Also, I would like to stress the fact that

AMENITIES (COMODIDADES/SERVICIOS/INFRAESTRUCTURA)- There is no shortage/a wide selection of (hotels, cinemas)to choose from.- The (town/conference centre/school) boasts an impressive range of

(amenities/facilities)- Few (cities/schools/clubs) can offer such a large choice of- Transfer to/from a branch

PERSUADING VOCABULARY:- I feel sure you would regret it if you did not take advantage of this

exceptional opportunity- There is no denying the fact that this is a very generous offer- Surely you must admit that opportunities like this do not arise very

frequently

REPORT

ESTRUCTURA:- Titulo: - introduction: explicas el proposito del report (pag 201 macmillan) (a

statement of what is being reported)- central paragraphs: generalmente dos o 3 que deben de explicarse- suggested improvements or future developments

USEFUL LANGUAFE FOR THE INTRODUCTION:- The aim of this report is to examine/describe/evaluate/outline...- In this report I will...- This report is based on a survey conducted among (college students)- It will also include/consider/suggest/recommend... likely future

developments in...

PREDICTING THE FUTURE- the outlook for young people/jobs/the country is far

from/optimistic/bright/depressing- the future remainsuncertain/is promising/looks bleak (parece sombrio)- this seems unlikely in foreseeable future- there is little chance that sth will happen- there is every chance of sth happening

MAKING RECOMMENDATIONS- I would strongly recommend that- In the light of the results of the survey, I would strongly advise against...- I feel it would be to our advantage if...