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Writing & Speaking for Business. Chapter Five. By William H. Baker. Revising and Proofreading Text. No first-draft is perfect. Writing violations damage credibility. Unclear writing takes time to understand. Quality writing matters. Factual errors lead reader to wrong conclusions. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Writing & Speaking
for BusinessBy William H. Baker
Chapter Five
Revising and Proofreading Text
No first-draft is perfect
Writing violations damage credibility
Unclear writing takes time to understand
Factual errors lead reader to wrong conclusions
Factual errors lead reader to wrong conclusions Q
ual
ity
wri
tin
g m
atte
rs
Chapter Agenda
Getting and giving feedback
Revising content and appearance
Revising paragraphs
Revising sentences
Proofreaders’ Marks
Obtaining Feedback
Writer’s Role in Obtaining Feedback
Describe the audienceaudience
Explain the purposepurpose of the writing
Explain the strategystrategy used in the message
Invite feedbackfeedback
1 2 3 4
Giving Feedback
Reviewer’s Tasks in Giving Feedback
Understand who the audienceaudience is and what the goals are
Review the messagemessage, finding strengths and weaknesses
Give feedbackfeedback in a positive manner
1 2 3
Document Testing
Think-aloud ProtocolWhat I’m reading
What the text is causing me to think and do
Four Parts of Evaluating Writing
C
O
W
D
Content: Is it clear, complete (5 W’s), correct, convincing?
Organization: Is the main idea at the beginning? Is OABC used?
Writing: Do paragraphs pass CLOUD tests? Do sentences apply all guidelines & principles?
Design: Is HATS used to strengthen visual appeal?
Functional Types of Paragraphs
Introductory& Agenda
Body Concluding
Revising Paragraphs
CL
OU
D
Coherence
Length
Organization
Unity
Development
Sentence Guidelines
1. Clear, specific subjects2. Verbs close to subjects3. Active voice4. Modifiers close to words they modify5. Clear modifiers6. Parallelism with parallel connectives7. Parallelism in a series
No worthless or harmful content.
Appropriate transition bridges between and within sentences.
Sentences easy to follow, easy to read.
No long, wordy sentences.
Cordial, conversational, and reader-oriented tone.
Appropriate variation in sentence style.
Sentence Principles
• Contribution
• Cohesion
• Structure
• Conciseness
• Tone
• Variety
Giving Written Feedback
COWDfour-phase feedback
Content
Organization
Design
Writing
