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WWIWWI
“THE “THE GREAT GREAT WAR”WAR”
WWIWWI
“THE “THE GREAT GREAT WAR”WAR”
M.A.I.N. Causes of WWI
M.A.I.N. Causes of WWI
MilitarismMilitarismMilitarismMilitarism
As this occurs, rivals feel threatened and As this occurs, rivals feel threatened and build up their build up their militarymilitary strength too strength too..
As this occurs, rivals feel threatened and As this occurs, rivals feel threatened and build up their build up their militarymilitary strength too strength too..
•Nations Nations increase increase
their their military military
strength to strength to reach their reach their
goals.goals.
AlliancesAlliances• Defense agreements
between nations to aid
each other, especially
during war.
• Defense agreements
between nations to aid
each other, especially
during war.
Imperialism•A
nation’s desire to grow and expand its territories.
NationalismNationalism The
feeling of intense
pride and loyalty to
one's country
The feeling of intense
pride and loyalty to
one's country
Two wounded Two wounded British soldiers British soldiers
walk with walk with wounded wounded
German soldier.German soldier.
IE: Intense patriotism to the IE: Intense patriotism to the point that one is willing to point that one is willing to
sacrifice and even lay down sacrifice and even lay down their life.their life.
Short Term Cause of WWIShort Term Cause of WWI
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand heir to the Austro-
Hungarian Empire, was the
spark that caused the war,
on June 28, 1914.
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand heir to the Austro-
Hungarian Empire, was the
spark that caused the war,
on June 28, 1914.
The Archduke The Archduke was killed by was killed by 19 year old 19 year old
Gavrilio Princip Gavrilio Princip member of the member of the ““Black Hand,Black Hand,”” a a
SerbianSerbian nationalist nationalist group who group who believed believed Austro-Austro-
Hungarian rule Hungarian rule would destroy would destroy his homeland.his homeland.
Picture during the arrest. Picture during the arrest.
France British Empire Serbia Belgium Russia United States
France British Empire Serbia Belgium Russia United States
Major Allied PowersMajor Allied Powers
Central PowersCentral PowersCentral PowersCentral Powers German EmpireGerman Empire Austro-Austro-
Hungarian Hungarian EmpireEmpire
Ottoman Ottoman EmpireEmpire
BulgariaBulgaria
German EmpireGerman Empire Austro-Austro-
Hungarian Hungarian EmpireEmpire
Ottoman Ottoman EmpireEmpire
BulgariaBulgaria
Pictured: Kaiser Wilhelm II, Germany, Pictured: Kaiser Wilhelm II, Germany, Enver Pasha Ottoman Empire Enver Pasha Ottoman Empire
(Turkey), (Turkey), Emperor Franz Joseph, Austro Emperor Franz Joseph, Austro
Hungarian Empire (Austria/Hungary). Hungarian Empire (Austria/Hungary).
Reasons for Reasons for United States United States
Entry into Entry into WWIWWI
Day 2Day 2
Reasons for Reasons for United States United States
Entry into Entry into WWIWWI
Day 2Day 2
Reasons for United States
Involvement in WWI
Reasons for United States
Involvement in WWI
The U.S. could The U.S. could no longer no longer
remain remain neutralneutral in face of in face of increasing increasing
threatsthreats to its to its national national
interests.interests.
The U.S. could The U.S. could no longer no longer
remain remain neutralneutral in face of in face of increasing increasing
threatsthreats to its to its national national
interests.interests.
3. German 3. German submarinesubmarine warfare (to warfare (to prevent supplies prevent supplies from reaching from reaching England): sinking England): sinking of the of the Lusitania.Lusitania.
The Germans shot The Germans shot at any ships at any ships
without warning without warning — a violation of — a violation of
international lawinternational law.
3. German 3. German submarinesubmarine warfare (to warfare (to prevent supplies prevent supplies from reaching from reaching England): sinking England): sinking of the of the Lusitania.Lusitania.
The Germans shot The Germans shot at any ships at any ships
without warning without warning — a violation of — a violation of
international lawinternational law.
Unrestricted German Submarine Warfare
Interception of the Interception of the Zimmerman TelegramZimmerman Telegram
Interception of the Interception of the Zimmerman TelegramZimmerman Telegram
4. The Zimmerman Telegram offered Mexico the land it lost to the U.S. during the Mexican War if Mexico would align itself with Germany in the event that the U.S. entered the War.
This outraged Americans!
4. The Zimmerman Telegram offered Mexico the land it lost to the U.S. during the Mexican War if Mexico would align itself with Germany in the event that the U.S. entered the War.
This outraged Americans!
April 6, 1917April 6, 1917: : Congress declared Congress declared war on Germany. war on Germany.
The End The End of WWI of WWI
& the & the war’s war’s
AftermathAftermath
Day 3Day 3
The End The End of WWI of WWI
& the & the war’s war’s
AftermathAftermath
Day 3Day 3
What occurred when What occurred when American troops went to war?American troops went to war?
What occurred when What occurred when American troops went to war?American troops went to war?
U.S. President Woodrow Wilson
provided leadership during the war, along with his commander,
General John Pershing, who led the American American Expeditionary Force Expeditionary Force of
American soldiers, called doughboys, in
Europe.
U.S. President Woodrow Wilson
provided leadership during the war, along with his commander,
General John Pershing, who led the American American Expeditionary Force Expeditionary Force of
American soldiers, called doughboys, in
Europe.
On October 4, 1918
-the Germans requeste
d an armistice
, or an agreement to end
the fighting.
On October 4, 1918
-the Germans requeste
d an armistice
, or an agreement to end
the fighting.
ArmisticeArmisticeThe armistice began on November 11, 1918.11th day, 11th month, 11thhour
The armistice began on November 11, 1918.11th day, 11th month, 11thhour
What is What is Armistice Armistice
day day called in called in the U.S. the U.S. today?today?
Veteran’s Day !!!
United States United States leadership as leadership as the war endedthe war ended
United States United States leadership as leadership as the war endedthe war ended
Wilson’s Fourteen PointsWilson’s Fourteen Points January 1919 January 1919 – world leaders
gather in Paris, France for a peace conference.
January 1919 January 1919 – world leaders gather in Paris, France for a
peace conference.
After returning from the Paris Peace Conference…After returning from the Paris Peace Conference…
At the end of World War I,
President Wilson prepared a peace plan, called the
Fourteen Points.
At the end of World War I,
President Wilson prepared a peace plan, called the
Fourteen Points.
The League of Nations
was the Final Goal of Wilson’s Fourteen
Points
The League of Nations
was the Final Goal of Wilson’s Fourteen
Points
The League of Nations
The League of Nations
This plan called for the
formation of the League of Nations, which
would be a peacekeeping organization.
This plan called for the
formation of the League of Nations, which
would be a peacekeeping organization.
The Paris Peace ConferenceThe Paris Peace Conference
The Allies disagreed on how to The Allies disagreed on how to ““punishpunish” the Central Powers.” the Central Powers. Wilson did not want to punish them – Wilson did not want to punish them –
other allies sought other allies sought revengerevenge..
The Allies disagreed on how to The Allies disagreed on how to ““punishpunish” the Central Powers.” the Central Powers. Wilson did not want to punish them – Wilson did not want to punish them –
other allies sought other allies sought revengerevenge..
The Treaty of VersaillesJune 28, 1919
The Treaty of VersaillesJune 28, 1919
Eventually, Germany was forced to accept responsibility for the war and agree to pay money for war damages…
War ReparationsNo more weapons.No more colonies.
Eventually, Germany was forced to accept responsibility for the war and agree to pay money for war damages…
War ReparationsNo more weapons.No more colonies.
American OppositionAmerican Opposition Wilson presented the
Treaty of Versailles to the U.S. Senate in July 1919 for ratification. The Senate had to
approve the treaty before the U.S could officially accept it.
Many Americans did not trust the idea of a League of Nations.
Wilson presented the Treaty of Versailles to the U.S. Senate in July 1919 for ratification. The Senate had to
approve the treaty before the U.S could officially accept it.
Many Americans did not trust the idea of a League of Nations.
The United States did not join the League of Nations because there was opposition to it at home and the United States Senate refused
to ratify the Treaty of Versailles.
The United States did not join the League of Nations because there was opposition to it at home and the United States Senate refused
to ratify the Treaty of Versailles.
American OppositionAmerican Opposition The Treaty of
Versailles was rejected in 1920 by the United States.
The U.S. did NOTNOT join the League of Nations.
In 1921 the U.S. signed a separate treaty with each of the Central Powers, officially ending the war.
The Treaty of Versailles was
rejected in 1920 by the United States.
The U.S. did NOTNOT join the League of Nations.
In 1921 the U.S. signed a separate treaty with each of the Central Powers, officially ending the war.
Map of Pre and Post WWI Europe
Map of Pre and Post WWI Europe
http://www.cyberlearning-world.com/lessons/ushistory/ww1/preww1.htm http://www.cyberlearning-world.com/lessons/ushistory/ww1/preww1.htm