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16 wewfbœ cÖKvi ev`¨h‡š¿i Qwe

17 we Í̄…Z wkÿvµg

18 mnvqK MÖš’cÄx

x

kvixwiK wkÿv

welq c„ôv

cÖ_g Aa¨vq: me©v½xb weKv‡k kvixwiK wkÿv

kvixwiK wkÿvi cUf~wg, msÁv

kvixwiK wkÿvi †kÖwYwefvM

wkÿv cÖwZôv‡b kvixwiK wkÿvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv

wØZxq Aa¨vq: †Ljvayjvi wbqg Kvbyb I †KŠkj

cÖavb †Ljv (†gRi †Mgm&) Ñ dzUej, wµ‡KU, fwjej, e¨vWwg›Ub I n¨vÛej

¯í̂ cwimi †Ljv (gvBbi †Mgm) Ñ KvevwW, `vwoqveuvav, †MvjøvQzU

G¨v_‡jwUKm Ñ †`Šo, jvd I wb‡ÿc

muvZvi Ñ gy³ muvZvi, wPr mvuZvi, eyK muvZvi, cÖRvcwZ muvZvi

gvBbi †Mgm (gRvi †Ljv)

Z„Zxq Aa¨vq: †Ljvayjvi msMVb

†Ljvayjv cwiPvjbv c×wZ

evwl©K µxov cÖwZ‡hvwMZv

cÖvZ¨wnK mgv‡ek

PZz_© Aa¨vq: e¨vqvg I cÖv_wgK cÖwZweavb

gy³n¯Í e¨vqvg

euvk ev †e‡Zi mvnv‡h¨ e¨vqvg

cÖv_wgK cÖwZweavb

cÂg Aa¨vq: ¯‹vDU

Kve-¯‹vDwUs:- ¯‹vDU Av‡›`vj‡bi RbK I ¯‹vDwUs‡qi cUf~wg

BDwbU wjWvi

µ‡gvbœwZkxj cÖwkÿY c×wZ (e¨vR c×wZ) I Kve †cÖvMÖvg (Progressive training)

xi

ló Aa¨vq: wek¦e‡iY¨ †L‡jvqvo‡`i cwiwPwZ

Kjwm› ỳ‡ii †g‡q‡`i KxwZ©Mv_v

mßg Aa¨vq: cvV cwiKíbv, wkLbµg

bgybv cvV cwiKíbv

mnvqK MÖš’cwÄ

Pviæ I KviæKjv

G·cÖwmf AvU© Ges wkï weKvk Gi ¸iæZ¡

Pviæ I KviæKjvi cwiwa, cÖqvRbxqZv Ges cv_©K¨

Pviæ I KviæKjvi e¨envwiK w`K

Qwe AuvKvi DcKiY

PviæI KviæKjvi m½ Ab¨vb¨ cvV¨ welqi m¤úK©

G·‡cÖwmf AvU© Ges wkï weKv‡k Gi ¸iyZ¡

G·‡cÖwmf AvU©

G·cÖwmf AvU© bv›`wbK eva I mRbkxjZv weKvk ¸iæZ¡c~Y© fwgKv cvjb Ki| wkíi wewfbœ gva¨g; hgbÑ

Pviæ I KviæKjv, msMxZ, bZ¨, Awfbq, Ljvayjv, mvwnZ¨, fv¯h© BZ¨vw` meB njv cÖKvkag©x Kjv| GB

gva¨g¸jv e¨envi wewfbœ aibi `ÿZvÑeyw×MZ, kvixwiK, mvgvwRK, gvbwmKÑew×i myhvM Zwi nq| cÖvK-

cÖv_wgK I cÖv_wgK wk¶v ¯Íi cÖKvkag©x Kjvwe`¨v e¨envi Ki GKK I `jxqfve KvRi gva¨g wkï`i

mRbkxj cÖwZfvi weKvk NU Ges Zv`i AveM I gbb kw³ m¤úK© aviYv jvf Kiv hvq| mev©cwi wbRK,

Ab¨K Ges cvwicvwk¦©KK evSvi ga¨ w`q wkïi g~j¨evai h weKvk NU, Zv ZvK AvZ¥cÖZ¨qx Ki Mo

Zvj|

Aa¨vq - GK

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK I cÖv_wgK Í̄ii wkÿvK ev¯Íevqb Kivi j¶¨ wWwcGW cÖvMÖvg G·cÖwmf AvU© Ab¨Zg GKwU

welq wnmve AšÍfy©³ Kiv nqQ| G welqwUZ Pviæ I KviæKjv, msMxZ Ges kvixwiK wkÿv welq¸jvK

AšÍf©y³ Kiv nqQ| Lye mnR wePiYi ga¨ w`q GB welq¸jvi m½ wkïi cwiPq I AvZ¥cÖKvki myhvM

NU| ZvB cÖvK-cÖv_wgK I cÖv_wgK wkÿv Í̄i cvV`vbi ÿÎ cÖKvkg~jK wkíKjvi ¸iæZ¡ AbK ewk|

wWcøvgv Kvm©wUZ wZbwU welq wbq G·cÖwmf AvU©i aviYvwU AvjvPbv Kiv nqQ| G¸jv njvÑ

Pviæ I KviæKjv

gvbyl Avcb gb wbRi AbyfzwZK cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ `qvj, gSZ, gvwUZ, KvMR I evwjZ Av½yj, KvV-

Kqjv, PK, cwÝj BZ¨vw` w`q Qwe AuvKv ïiæ Ki| Gi gva¨g Zvi mRbxkw³, Kíbv kw³, bv›`wbKeva

BZ¨vw`i weKvk NU|

msMxZ ¯v̂fvweKfveBewki fvM gvbyl Mvb cQ›` Ki Ges kke _K AbKB Mvb MvBZ Póv Ki| ZvB Mvbi

gva¨g wkï kÖwYZ cvV`vb djcÖm~ nq| GZ, GKw`K wkï Mvb MvBZ kL Ab¨w`K Zvi myKzgvi ewËi

weKvk NU| Gfve cvV`vbKvj msMxZ e¨envi Ki wewfbœ welq cÖvYešÍfve Dc¯vcb Kiv hvq|

kvixwiK wkÿv

wkï ¯f̂veZB Ljvayjv cQ›` Ki| wbqggvwdK kixiPP©v I Ljvayjvi gva¨g wkïi h kLjveva Zwi nq, Zv

ZvK Rxebi me©ÿÎB `vwqZ¡kxj Ki Mo Zvj| mRbxkw³ weKvk GB `vwqZ¡eva MyiæZ¡c~Y© fwgKv cvjb

Ki|

wkï weKv‡k GK&ª‡cÖwmf AvU©

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK I cÖv_wgK wkÿvi mvwe©K cvV`vbi ÿÎ G welqwUi ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv GKwU

¸iæZ¡c~Y© Kvh©µg hv wkïi e¨w³Z¡c~Y© weKvk I AvRxeb wkLbi wfwË Zwi Ges AvbyôvwbK wkÿvi cÖ_g mvcvb

I cÖ ̄wZ wnme KvR Ki| hw`I AvbyôvwbK wkÿv ïiæi c~e©eZ©x GK eQi cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi Rb¨ wba©vwiZ,

Gi e¨vwß I cwiwa ïay GB mgqi ga¨ mxgve× bq| wkï Rb¥i ci cÖwZwbqZ h AwfÁZv, AbvbyôvwbK wkLb

I cwieZ©bi ga¨ w`q eo nZ _vK, Zv Zvi ew× I weKvki Rb¨ LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| cwieZ©bi cÖwZwU avci

AwR©Z Ávb I `ÿZvi Dci wfwË KiB wkï cieZ©x avc cuQvq| cÖviw¤¢K kke wkïi G cwieZ©bi nvi

Ab¨vb¨ mgqi Zzjbvq ª̀æZ I e¨vcK ej cÖv_wgK we`¨vjqi fwZ©i c~e© mgq ch©šÍ wkï AbK¸jv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©

avc AwZµg Ki| G mgq wkïi h_vh_ eo IVv I wkLbB nQ Zvi cÖv_wgK wkÿv ïiæi wfwË| wekl Ki

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi cvV¨ welq¸jvi cvV`vb G·cÖwmf AvU© GKwU gyL¨ fwgKv cvjb Ki _vK| G welqwUi

gva¨g kÖwYKÿi Kvh©vewj mwµq I cÖvYešÍ nq Ges wkÿv_©xiv ¯̂Ztù~Z©fve cvV Ask MÖnY Ki| Pviæ I

KviæKjv, msMxZ Ges kixi PP©vi gva¨g wba©vwiZ welq my›`i I mnRfve kLvbv hvq| cvV wkï`i AskMÖnY

nq AbK ewk cÖvYešÍ|

GK&ª‡cÖwmf AvU© Gi •ewkó¨

Pviæ I KviæKjv, msMxZ Ges kvixwiK wkÿvÑGB wZbi mgš^q wkï`i welq wfwËK cvV`vb Kij GKmv_

wewfbœ aibi `ÿZv ew×i myhvM mwó nq| ZvQvov wkLb cÖwµqv Avb›``vqK nq ej wkïiv D³ welq wkLb

gbvhvMx nq Ges mRbxkw³K KvR jvMvZ Póv Ki, hgb-

h Kvbv welq mnRfve Rvbvi ¶Î wkïK AvMÖnx Ki Zvjv

ev¯Íe Rxebi AwfÁZvK wkíKjvi gva¨g KvR jvMvZ mvnvh¨ Kiv

wewfbœ welq wfwËK Ávbi cwiwa we¯Ívi mnvqK fwgKv ivLv Ges wkLbK `xN© ̄vqx KiZ mvnvh¨ Kiv

mvgvwRK I A_©bwZK weKvki ÿÎ Pjvi c_ myMg Kiv

wPšÍvkw³, `wnK I gvbwmK `ÿZv ew×i gva¨g wkïK AvZ¥cÖZ¨qx Ki Mo Zvjv

wkïi mRbx kw³, Kíbvkw³ I AvZ¥cÖKvki `ÿZv ew× Kiv

bv›`wbK, gvbweK I mvgvwRK g~j¨eva Mo ZzjZ mvnvh¨ Kiv

wewfbœ eqmi I wewfbœ aibi wkÿv_©xi wkÿvi Rb¨ Avb›``vqK cwiek mwó Kiv

¸iæZ¡

wk¶vq G·cÖwmf AvU©i ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg| G·cÖwmf AvU© g~jZ g~Z© _K weg~Z©ZvK aviY Kivi Rb¨ h

Kíbv Z_v wPšÍvkw³ cÖqvRb Zv weKvki ¶Î ¸iæZ¡c~Y© fwgKv ivL| G wPšÍvkw³ Zvi ÁvbvR©bi ¶Î

AZ¨šÍ g ~L¨ fwgKv cvjb Ki| G·cÖwmf AvU©i gva¨g h Kvb welq wfwËK cvV`vb Avb›``vqK Kiv hvq|

ZvQvov G·cÖwmf AvU© wkLb weivU fwgKv cvjb Ki| wkïiv ¯̂Ztù~Z©fve wkLb KvR AvMÖnx nq

gbvhvMi mv_ Qwe AuvK, Mvb Mvq Ges `ni A½fw½i mgš̂q Ljvayjv Ki| Gi gva¨g wkï`i mRbx

kw³i weKvk NU, D™¢vebx I Kíbv kw³i cÖmvi NU|

Pviæ I KviæKjvi cwiwa, cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I cv_©K¨

wkí KvK ej? wkíKjvK Kvb ̀wóf½x _K cixÿv Kie-G mg Í̄ cÖkœ `xN©w`bi Ges gvbyl bvbvfve Gi

DËi `eviI Póv KiQ| Avgiv wkíK msÿc GK_v ej wPwýZ KiZ cvwi h- wkí nQ mgq, ¯vb Ges

AbšÍevai cwicÖwÿZ gvbyli ̀wóMÖvn¨Zvi GKwU cÖZxK|

PviæKjv

PviæKjv wkíKjvi GKUv Ask hv mevi wbKU mgv ̀Z| PviæKjv welqwU mivmwifve gb I AbyfwZi mv_

m¤úK©hy³| PviæKjv gvbyli m›`h© ¶zav wbe©Ë Ki gb Avb›``vb Ki|

kÖxkP› ª̀ `vmi fvlvqÑ ÔÔh mwói ga¨ gvbyli cÖqvRb mvab Ac¶v AnZzK Avb›` ewk, hvnvZ gvbyli Re

Ac¶v AvwZ¥K I gvbwmK Avb›` ewk ZvnvK Avgiv PviæKjv ev jwjZKjv ewjqv AvL¨vwqZ KwiZ cvwi|Ó

Avevi L¨vZbvgv jLK I `vk©wbK Uj÷q ejQb h, AvU© ev PviæKjv Øviv GKRb e¨vw³ mPZbfve KwZcq

evwn¨K cÖwµqv Øviv wbRi gbi AbyfwZ ev Kvb fveK Ggbfve Acii wbKU cuQ `q h Acii gb

msµwgZ nq mB fve ev Abyf~wZK GKBfve Dcjwä KiZ cvi| Avevi Kvb Kvb gbxlxi gZ, hv GK

Rbi gbi m›`h©K (GwU wK eva? fve? fvebv) Acii wbKU DcfvM¨ Ki cÖKvk Ki ZvB PviæKjv|

hgb, wPÎKjv PviæKjvi GKwU aiY| GKRb wPÎwkíx Qwe GuK Zvi Abf~wZ `k©Ki KvQ cQ `b| wkíxi

AvuKv QwewU `L GKRb `k©K wkíxi gbi fve Abyf~e Ki Avb›` jvf Kib| G aiYi Avb›` Kvb elwqK

Avb›` bq| bv›`wbK g~j¨evai weKvk Pviæ I KviæKjvi fwgKv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

wkíx:Gm Gg myjZvb (Zj is)

iy

i

PviæKjvi wewfbœ kvLv

PviæKjvi ga¨ wewfbœ kvLv iqQ| Gi ga¨ DjøLhvM¨ njv:

1. wPÎKjv ২. msMxZ 3. bZ¨ 4. wcª›UgwKs ev QvcwPÎ 5. fv¯h © 6. ¯vcZ¨ 7. mvwnZ¨ 8. bvU¨Kjv 9.

dUvMÖvwd ev w ̄iwPÎ 10. PjwPÎ BZ¨vw`

KviæKjv

KviæKjv wkíKjviB GKUv Ask hvi •`bw›`b Rxe‡b e¨envwiK g~j¨ i‡q‡Q| KviæKjv _K cÖvß wkí ª̀e¨

Kviæcb¨ wnme cwiwPZ| Kviæcb¨ Avgv`i cÖvZ¨wnK cÖqvRb gUvq, G¸jv wewµ Ki A_© DcvR©b Kiv hvq,

GKBmv_ G¸jvi m›`h© DcfvM Kiv hvq| hgb-GKRb grwkíx hLb GKwU bZzb gvwUi cUvwi (h Kvb

wKQz) Zix Ki ZLb Gi wkí¸b mg× _vK cvkvcvwk wewµ Ki A_© DcvR©b Kiv hvq| ZvB ejv hvq, h wkí

cÖavbZ gvbweK I e¨envwiK Pvwn`v wgUvbi mv_ Avb›``vb KI ZvK KviæKjv ej|

grwkí `viæwkí (KvVi KvR)

KviæKjvi wewfbœ kvLv

1. grwkí 2. `viæwkí 3. Mxebwkí 4. avZewkí 5. KvMRwkí 6.Pg©wkí 7.euvk I eZwkí 8. KvZvBwkí 9. ikgwkí 10. eqbwkí BZ¨vw`

PviæKjv Rvbv I PP©vi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv

ch©e¶Y ¶gZvi weKvk jvf nq

m›`h© Ávb ew× cvq

P¶z, gw¯Í® I n¯Íi ckxmg~n wbqš¿Y I mgš^q mvab nq

gbvhvM ew× cvq

wbg©j Avb›` DcfvM nq

¯§wZ I Kíbvi kw³i weKvk mvab nq

iæwPevai weKvk g~j¨vqbi gvcKvwV m¤úK© aviYv nq

ah© kw³i weKvk NU

A_©vcvR©b mnvqZv Ki

wkLb kLvbv KvR mnvqZv`vb Ki

gbvhvM I GKvMÖZv ew× Ki

mf¨Zv, Kwó I ms¯wZi DbœwZ mvab nq

Kvb Kvb aibi Pviæwkí `jMZ gbvfve ew×Z mvnvh¨ Ki| hgbÑ`jxq bZ¨,

bvUK I `jxq msMxZ

gvbwmK Zwß gUvq|

KviæKjvi Rvbv I PP©vi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv

nvZ I PvLi e¨envii `¶Zv jvf nq

¯§wZ I Kíbv kw³i weKvk jvf nq

PÂjZv n«vm cvq

wbg©j Avb›` jvf Kiv hvq

AvZ¥cÖZ¨q Mo IV

ev¯Íe Ávb jvf nq

eKvi mgm¨v mgvavb mnvqK nq

mvgvwRKZv evai weKvk NU

wkLb kLvbvi GKNqwg ~̀ixKiY mnvqZv Ki

AbycvZ I m›`h© Ávb ew× cvq|

1. ch©eÿYg~jK A¼b (Observational Drawing): wkÿv_©x`i cvwicvwk©¦K GjvKv cwi`k©bi j¶ ¯í̂

mgqi Rb¨ cvq nuU ågYi e¨e ̄v Kiv hZ cvi| kªwYKÿ wdi Gm ¯§wZkw³ _K gb Ki

GjvKvwUi wewfbœ ¯vbi gvbwPÎ A¼b KiZ `qv hZ cvi|

2. A¼bi c~e© e ̄ ch©eÿYKiY: Kvb e ̄ A¼bi c~e© mUvK fvjfve ch©eÿY KiZ ne| G mgq

cÖwkÿK wKQz mnvqK cÖkœ KiZ cvib| hgbÑe ̄wUi AvKwZ Kx? GwU Abyfe Ki Gi bK&kv m¤úK© wK ejZ

cvi?ÑGi Kvb kã ev MÜ AvQ wK? GwU Kx w`q Zwi? GwU wKmi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv nq?

3. wkíKg© ev Qwei fvlv cov Ges evSv-GKwU Qwe/wkíKg©K m~²fve ch©eÿY Kivi Rb¨ cÖwkÿK wKQz cÖkœ

KiZ cvib, hv wkÿv_©x`i QwewU m¤úK© fveZ I wPšÍv KiZ kLve hgbÑQweZ Kx Kx wRwbm `Lv

hvQ? GUv wK KvíwbK, ev¯ÍewfwËK bv wK GKwU Míi cÖwZQwe? GLvb Kx Kx iOi e¨envi Kiv nqQ?

Kvb is mePq ewk e¨envi Kiv nqQ Ges Kb? GwU `L gb Kx aibi AveM Zwi nQ? GLvb Kx Kx

AvKwZ ev bK&kv e¨envi Kiv nqQ? Dciv³ cÖkœ¸jv wkÿv_©v`i eqm DchvMx nZ ne|

Pviæ I KviæKjvi cv_©K¨

PviæKjv KviæKjv

AwaKZi mwóg~jK AwaKZi AbyKiYg~jK

g~jZ gvbe gbi mse`bkxj, AveM,AbyfwZ Ges

fveKíbvi Drm nZ mó|

AbK ¶ÎB gvbe Rxebi `bw›`b cÖqvRb wPšÍviDrm

nZ mó|

mRbkxj I gbbkxjZvi cÖvavb¨ ewk| mRbkxjZvi mv_ e¨envwiK myweavi cÖvavb¨ ewk|

ev¯ÍeZvK AwZµg Ki hZ cvi| ev¯ÍeZvK AwZµg Kiv welqwU Zzjbvg~jKfve Kg|

m~² gvsmcwk Øviv wbqwš¿Z| enr gvsmcwk e¨envi Af¨ Í̄|

w ̄wZ iqQ| m Ô¶Y-m›`h©ÕK wPiZ¡

`vb Ki|

mvgwqK cÖqvRb cwiZwßi ci webó nZ cvi|

Pviæ I KviæKjvi e¨envwiK w`K

Pviæ I KviæKjvi e¨envwiK Dcv`vb¸jv nQ A¼bi g~j welq| e¨envwiK welq¸jvi Kvb GKwUi

Abycw ̄wZ QweK Am¤ú~Y© Ki ivL| fvj GKwU Qwe AuvKZ Gi KvbwUK ev` `qvi myhvM bB| A¼b

kLvi c~e© GB e¨envwiK w`K m¤úK© aviYv _vKv GKRb wkíxi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| cÖwkÿK Ges

wkÿKK Aek¨B gb ivLZ ne G wbqg Kej eo`i Rb¨, wkï`i Rb¨ bq|

AbycvZ (Proportion)

A¼bi Rb¨ AbycvZ GKwU AZ¨šÍ cÖqvRbxq welq| GKB ̀k¨cU Zzjbvg~jKfve `Lv GKwU wRwbm _K

Avi GKUv wRwbm KZ eo ev KZ QvU ne, ZvB AbycvZ| AbycvZi mwVK e¨envi Qvov Kvb QweB mdj

nZ cvi bv|hgb- (GKwU ̀k¨cU hw` GKwU RM Ges GKwU Mø&vm AuvKv nq, Zvnj RM MøvmiPq

Zzjbvg~jKfve KZ eo ne A_ev Møvm ZzjbvgyjKfve KZ QvU ne mUv AbycvZi gva¨g wVK Kiv nq|

AbycvZ mwVK bq AbycvZ mwVK

mgZv (Symmetry)

Kvb wRwbmi gvSvgvwS ¯vb w`q j¤̂i gZ GKwU iLv Uvbj j¤̂i ỳÕcvki Ask ỳÕwUi AvKvi I AvK

wZZ AweKj GKiKg _vKvK mgZv ej| D`vniY wnme gvbyli gyL, cÖRvcwZ BZ¨vw` w`q mgZv `Lvbv

njv| ev Í̄eag©x Qwe AuvKZ mgZv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq|

cwi‡cÖwÿZ (Perspective)

GKwU QweZ Kvb e ̄i ỳiZ¡ `LvZ Mj KvQi e¯wUi AvKvi AcÿKZ eo Avi ~̀yii e¯wU AcÿKZ

QvU nq hve GUvB g~jZ cwicÖw¶Z| hgb- ~̀i MÖvgi w`K j¶ Kij `Lv hvq KvQi MÖvgi Pq ~̀ii

MÖvg¸jv QvU| Avevi ij jvBbi gvS ùvovj `Lv hvq ijjvBbi cvZ ỳwU ~̀i GK we› ỳZ wgk AvQ|

GUv hLb QvU GKUv KvMR A¼b Kiv nq ZLb wekvj GKUv wRwbm QvU GKUv KvMRi ga¨ Avbv hvq|

Zgwb eo GKUv `vjvb A¼bi ejvq mvgbiAsk eo Avi ~̀ii Ask QvU A¼b Kiv nq| Zgwb Kvjvi

cwicÖw¶Zi ejvqI KvQi is ¯úó Ges hZB ~̀i hvq ZZB is nvjKv nq A¯úó nZ `Lv hvq|

Av‡jvQvqv (Light and shade) AvjvQvqvi mwVK cÖqvMi Dci ev¯Íeag©x Qwei ic wbf©i Ki| mxgviLv A¼b Øviv Qwei icvqY m¤¢e

njI ZvK cÖKZ ev Í̄eag©x Qwe ejv hvq bv hZÿb ch©šÍ AvjvQvqvi mwVK cÖqvM bv nq| AvjvQvqvi Øviv

Kvb GKwU wRwbmi Ae Í̄vb KvQ- ~̀i, Dci-wbP, evg I Wvb mwVKfve `Lvbv hZ cviv hvq| hgb-

e¯i h Ask Avjv ewk co m Ask ewk AvjvwKZ I ¯úó `Lv hvq,Avi h Ask gvSvwi Avjv ev Kg

Avjv co m Ask Kg AvjvwKZ I A¤úó `Lv hvq| A_©vr Qwe A¼bi fvlvq hw` Kvb e¯Z wZb iKgi

Avjv ev Uvb e¨envi Kiv nq Ze ZvK ev Í̄eag©x wPÎ A¼b ej| hgb, jvBU Uvb, wgWj Uvb, WvK©

UvbÑwZb iKg Uvbi e¨envi GKUv ev Í̄eag©x wPÎi icjvf Ki|

fvimvg¨ (Balance)

Qwei wewfbœ Aski ga¨ iLv, is I welqe¯i Ae ̄vb gvUvgywU wgj _vKvK fvimvg¨ ej| Gi cÖavb K_v

nj iLv I is Gi gvÎv hb mgch©vq _vK| Kv_vI hb Kvb e¯ cwigvY ewkI bv nq Avevi KgI bv

nq co| GLvb wkíxi ¯v̂axbZv AbK ewk| QweK my›`i I AvKl©Yxq Kivi Rb¨ is, iLv, welqe¯ hb

mgfve e¨envi Kiv nq ev A¼b Kiv nq| ZeB Qwe fvj jvMe| Zv bv nj K¨vbfvm Kv_vI duvKv `Lv

hve Avevi Kv_vI fiv `Lv hve| KvRB GKUv mv_©K Qwei ic`vb Balance AZ¨šÍ cÖqvRbxq GKwU

welq|

†K› ª̀xq AvKl©Y (Central lnterse)

K› ª̀xq welqe ̄ GKwU fvj Qwei g~j AvKl©Y| g~j welqe ̄K c~Y©v½ ic `qvi Rb¨ Qwei ga¨ AviI wKQz

QvULvUv welqK e¨envi Kiv nq| cÖavb GKwU welqe ̄ bv _vKj Kvb QweB c~Y©v½ nZ cvi bv, Qwei

Ab¨vb¨ welqi MVb Ggb ne hvZ `k©Ki ̀wó g~j welqe¯i Dci co|

MVb ev iPbv •kjx (Composition)

h Kvb wkíK©g Zix Kivi c~e© wkíx GKwU Lmov Zwi Ki bb| Lmov Kivi mgq AbKUv RoughwRwbm

_vK ev KvUvKvwU Kiv nq| wkíxI Zgwb h welqe¯ wbq Qwe AuvKeb Zvi LÐ wPÎ Lmov GuK bb hvK

MVb kjx ejv nq| LÐ wPθjv mvwRq ¸wQq Zuvi QweZ mshvRb Ki cwicvwUfve wPÎi ic w`q

_vKb| MVbixwZ hZ fvj I cwicvwU ne Qwe ZZ bv›`wbK ne|

Qwe AuvKvi DcKiY

†cwÝj

mvaviY jLv Ges WªBs Kivi Rb¨ Avgiv mPivPi GK aibi cwÝj e¨envi Ki _vwK| G cwÝji Mvq

jLv _vK HB, Gme cwÝji kxl Zzjbvg~jK GKUz k³ Ges `vM Uvbj Mvp nq bv| WªBs Kivi Rb¨ big

Ges kxl gvUv cwÝj hgb-2B, 3B, 4B Ges 6B cÖqvRb nq| 2B, 3B, 4B I 6B, G Pvi gvÎvi h Kvb cwÝj w`q cwÝj ¯P Kiv hvq|

KvMR

KvMRnjv Qwe AuvKvi Ab¨Zg GKwU gva¨g ev DcKiY|Qwe AuvKvi Rb¨ Avgiv h Kvb KvMR e¨envi KiZ

cvwi| Ze gvUv mvgvb¨ LmLm KvMR Qwe AuvKvi Rb¨ DchvMx| Qwe AuvKvi gva¨g Kvwj, Kjg, cwÝj, Rj

is A_ev c¨v÷j is Gi Dci wbf©i Ki KvMR evQvB Ki wbZ nq| Kvwj Kjg AuvKvi Rb¨ Zzjbvg~jKfve

gmY I GKUy gvUv KvMR fvj| cwÝj w`q Qwe AuvKZ GKUz gvUv mvgvb¨ LmLm KvMR e¨envi Kiv nq

Ges GKB aibi KvMR Rj is I c¨v÷j e¨envi Kiv hvq| Ze Rj is w`q Qwe AuvKvi Rb¨ n¨vÛgW

ccvi LyeB DchvMx| Qwe AuvKvi Rb¨ mvaviY gvbi GKwU KvMR cvIqv hvq Zv njv KvwU©R †ccvi| G

aibi ccvi cÖvq me gva¨g KvR Kiv hvq| GQvov Avgv`i `k wewfbœ aibi KvMR cvIqv hvq

hgbÑAvU© ccvi, AvU© KvW©, AdmU ccvi, e·evW©, wcmevW©, bvbv cÖKvi cvZjv AvU© KvW©, wewfbœ is Gi

cv÷vi ccvi, wbDR wcÖ›U BZ¨vw`| e· evW©i GK wcV gmY Ges GK wcV LmLm QvB ev ev`vgx is Gi

nq| wcmevW© k³ Ges gvUv| wcmevW© c¨v÷j is w`q Qwe AuvKv hvq| e·evW© Qwe AuvKv QvovI Qwe

gvD›U Kivi ev euvavBÑGi KvR e¨envi Kiv nq|

Kvwj Kjg

Avgiv mvaviYZ jLvi KvR Kjg e¨envi Kwi| Kjg w`q QweI AuvKv hvq| SiYv Kjg w`qI Qwe AuvKv

hvq| Kvb Kvb mgq iwOb Kvwj e¨envi Ki ek gRvi Qwe AuvKv hvq| mvaviYZ PvBwbR B¼ e¨envi Ki

Qwe AuvKj fvj nq| eZ©gvb gvK©vi cb ev wmMbPvi cb w`qI mv`v Kvjv I iwOb Qwe AuvKv nq _vK|

euvki Kw Ges LvMi Kw w`q Kjg Zwi Ki (gvUv ev wPKb) Qwe AuvKv hvq|

is I Zzwj

is njv Qwe AuvKvi Ab¨Zg GKwU DcKiY| is wewfbœ aibi nq _vK| hgbÑRj is, cv÷vi is,

GK&iwjK is, dweªK is, cwÝj is, Zj is ,c¨v÷j is BZ¨vw`| is Gi gva¨g wfbœ wfbœ nIqvq ZzwjI wfbœ

wfbœ gva¨gi nq _vK| Kvwj I Rj is G Qwe AuvKvi Rb¨ big ckg w`q Zwi Kiv Zzwj e¨envi Kiv nq|

Zj is G Qwe AuvKvi Rb¨ k³ ckg Gi Zwi Zzwj e¨envi Ki _vK| GwU mvaviYZ wkíx Kx aibi Qwe

AuvKe Zvi Dci wbf©i Ki| miæ _K axi axi gvUvi w`K AuvKvi Rb¨ wewfbœ b¤̂ii Zzwj e¨envi Kiv

nq| 0 _K ïiæ Ki 20ev Z ỳaŸ© b¤̂ii Zzwj _vK| cÖv_wgK ch©vqi wkïiv 1 _K 12 bs ch©šÍ Zzwj

e¨envi Ki _vK|

†evW© I K¬xc

evW© I K¬xc Qwe AuvKvi Rb¨ LyeB cÖqvRbxq| evW© KvMR iL wK¬c w`q AvUwKq Qwe AuvKj myweav nq|

evW© gSZ iL, Kvji Dci iL ev BRj iL Qwe AuvKv hvq| evW©i e¨envi wbf©i Ki AuvwKqi/

wkíxi emvi Ae ̄vbi Dci|

Qwe AuvKvi DcKiY

IqvUvi Kvjvi (Rj is )

c¨v‡÷j is

i

†cv÷vi Kvjvi

is †cwÝj

eªvk (Zzwj) PvBwbR Bb&K

wmM‡bPvi †cb †evW© I K¬xc, B‡Rj, KvMR, eªvk, is পেন্সিল

Pviæ I KviæKjvi m‡½ Ab¨vb¨ cvV¨ wel‡qi m¤úK©

wkÿvi g~j DÏk¨ njv gvbe Rxebi me©v½xb weKvk mvab| GB wkÿvK mv_©K, my›`i, mwókxj I e¨envi

DchvMx Ki Zvjv Ges wkÿvi wewfbœ welqi ga¨ mgš̂q mvab Kivq Pviæ I KviæKjvi fwgKv Ab¯x̂Kvh©|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK I cÖv_wgK ch ©vqi welq wfwËK Ávb AR©b Pviæ I KviæKjvi e¨envi ỳwU wekl DÏk¨ mvab

Ki| cÖ_gZ, Gi e¨envi wkLb c×wZK cÖvYešÍ Ki Zvj; wØZxqZ, mwµq AwfÁZvi gva¨g wk¶v_©xi

welq wfwËK `¶ZvÁvb Mfxi Ges `xN© ̄vqx nq|

evsjv

evsjv fvlv weKvk, evPb f½xZ, jLvq, KweZvq, Kve¨, Mí, bvUK I Dcb¨vm PviæKjv cÖQbœfve mnvqZv

`vb Ki| evsjv cvV cwiKíbv cÖYqbi ÿÎ PviæKjv Abb¨ fwgKv cvjb Ki| welqe ̄ Dc¯vcb wewfbœ

Qwei e¨envi cvVK AvKl©Yxq I cÖvYešÍ Ki| evsjv jLv kLvZ Pviæwkíi `¶Zv wewfbœ KvR jvM|

Avevi wkÿv c×wZZ wkÿv DcKiYi e¨envii GKwU ¸iæZ¡ iqQ hv cÖvqkB, Pviæ ev Kviæ wkíi gva¨g

Zwi Kiv nq| GKmv_ GKvwaK Bw› ª̀q Gi e¨envi Ki cvV`vb KiZ cvij wkÿv ̄vqx I AvKl©Yxq nq|

G¶Î evsjv cvV`vb PviæI KviæKjv GKwU wekl gva¨g wnme KvR Ki| hgb ZZxq kÖwYi evsjv

cvV¨cy¯ÍKi GKwU M`¨ ÔÔKvbv gvwQ fuv fuvÕÕ Qwei gva¨gI Dc ̄vcb Kiv hvq| GZ fvlv wk¶vq AvewË

fwgKvi cvkvcvwk, Qwei eY©bvi ga¨ w`q wk¶v_©x fvlv e¨envii myhvM cvq Ges Zv ZvK KweZvi fvee¯

eySZ mvnvh¨ Ki| GKBfve Mvbi gva¨gI KweZvwUi fvee ̄ Zzj aiv hvq|

Bs‡iwR

wkïK eY©gvjv kLvZ evsjvi gZ BsiwRZI Qwei e¨envi LyeB cÖqvRb| Qwei mv_ wkï cª_g cwiwPwZ

jvf Ki Zvici eY© m¤úK© Rvb| hgbÑA Z Apple, B Z Ball BZ¨vw`| Avevi Qwei mvnvh¨ wkïwU wk¶v_©x`i BsiwR kã ev evK¨ wkLb AbK mnR nq|

BsiwR GKwU we`kx fvlv Ges GwU AvqË Kiv AbK mgq KwVb KvR ej gb nq| eY©bvg~jK cvV`vb Kij

wkïiv KLbB AbycÖvwYZ nq bv Ges cvV wkLbdjI `xN© ̄vqx nq bv| ZvB Ab¨ mKj welqi gZ PvU©, gWj I

Qwei mvnvh¨ BsiwR cvV`vb Kij welqe ̄ mnR I evaMg¨ nq| GZ Avb›`i ga¨ w`q BsiwR kLv

hvq| GKwU bZzb fvlv kLvi Rb¨ wk¶v c×wZK A_©c~Y© KiZ PviæI KviæKjvi fwgKv Acwimxg|

MwYZ

cÖv_wgK wkÿvq MwYZ wkÿv`vbi mv_ Pviæ I KviæKjvi Nwbó m¤úK© iqQ| Pviæ I KviæKjvq Ggb me

welq iqQ hv MwYZ wkÿv`vb ek ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wPÎi mvnvh¨ MwYZ bZzb a¨vb-aviYvi mÂvi Kij wkïiv

mnRB welqe¯ AvqË KiZ cvi| hgb Qwei mvnvh¨ hvM weqvM kLvbv hZ cvi Avevi A¼biI

Ggb AbK ¯Íi AvQ hLvb MwYZi Ávbi mnvqZv Acwinvh©| MwYZ cvV`vbi m½ mswkøó wkíKg©i

gva¨g wkïi ga¨ wkí cÖwZfvi Avwe®vi Ges weKvki Dcvq LuyR ei KiZ cvi| MwYZi cwigvc msµvšÍ

wbLuyZ Ávbi Rb¨ Pviæ I KviæKjvi is Zzwj e¨envii cÖqvRb nq| ZLb Pviæ I KviæKjvi mwVK `ÿZv

AR©bi Rb¨ MwYZi mswkøó aviYv jvf Ki|

ZvZ Pviæ I KviæKjvi `ÿZvB ïay ew× cvq bv eis MwYZi aviYvI Zvi KvQ ¯úó nq IV| wkïi wbR

cwiek h me e ̄ iqQ Zvi mewKQz kÖwYKÿ Avbv m¤¢e nq bv ZvB Qwei mvnvh¨ MwYZi wkÿv`vb mnR

nq| wkï msL¨vi mv_ cÖ_g cwiwPZ nq bv| ZvB msL¨vi mv_ Qwe _vKj msL¨vi aviYvmnR evaMg¨

nq|ZvQvov R¨vwgwZK kv ¿̄ cyivUvB Pviæ I KviæKjvi Dci wbf©ikxj| myZivs MwYZ welq Pviæ I KviæKjvi

e¨envi GKvšÍB Acwinvh©|

evsjv‡`k I wek¦cwiPq

wkï wk¶vq evsjv`k I wek¦cwiPq GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| G welq cvV`vb KiZ wk¶v_©xK mivmwi Zvi

wbKU cwieki mv_ cwiPq NUvZ nq| cwiek ỳaibi: cÖvKwZK cwiek I mvgvwRK cwiek| MvQcvjv,

cïcvwL, cvnvo-ce©Z, b`x-bvjv, mgy ª̀, AvKvk-evZvm, fwg, P› ª̀-m~h© cÖvKwZK cwiek hv gvbyl Zwi KiZ

cvi bv| hv gvbyli Zwi hgbÑNi-evwo, iv¯Ív-NvU, hvbevnb, gvbyli AvPvi-Abyôvb, wkí-mvwnZ¨ BZ¨vw`

mvgvwRK cwiek|

mvgvwRK `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨i cÖwZ mPZb I MYZvwš¿K c×wZi cÖwZ kª×vkxj nIqv| eY©bvg~jK cvV`vbi

gva¨g m DÏk¨ mvab Kiv m¤¢e bq| wkïK cÖZ¨¶fve Dcv`vb¸jvi msM cwiwPwZ NUvZ ne|

cÖZ¨¶fvK ¯̂v`, MÜ, ¯úk©i mvnvh¨ ev Í̄e Dc¯vcb Kiv m¤¢e nq bv ZLb mvnvh¨ wbZ nq Pviæ I

KviæKjvi Dci| Qwe ev gWji Dci wfwË Ki cvV`vb GKB mv_ GKvwaK Bw› ª̀qi e¨envi Kiv m¤¢e nq|

GZ cvV `xN© ̄vqx I ev Í̄ewfwËK Kiv hvq| evsjv`k I wek¦cwiPq cvV wk¶K ev Í̄e Dcv`vb cÖ`k©bi

gva¨g cvV`vb Kieb| wKš Avgv`i wk¶v e¨e¯vq hLvb myhvM Kg mLvb G welqi Dci cvV`vb KiZ

wMq wk¶KK Aek¨B wPÎi gva¨g mswkøó cvwicvwk¦©KZv wk¶v_©x`i KvQ Zzj aiZ ne|

GKBfve Kvb HwZnvwmK e¨w³Z¡, RvwZ, eY©, m¤cÖ`vq m¤úK© aviYv w`Z Qwe ev gWj e¨envi LyeB

cÖqvRb| Abyicfve cÖv_wgK we`¨vjqi MÖvg I kni, nvU-evRvi, AvPvi-Abyôvb, Rjv, DcRjv, wefvM I

`ki m¤úK© aviYv wPÎi gva¨g w`j wk¶v_©xiv AbycÖiYv cvq|

cwi‡ek cwiwPwZ (weÁvb)

cvVK mv_©K, mRxe, wPËvKl©K, hyw³hy³, myôz I mnReva¨ Kivi Rb¨ wewfbœ aibi wPÎ, WvqvMÖvg, iLvwPÎ,

bK&kv cÖqvRb nq hv KejgvÎ wkï wk¶vq bq mKj wk¶v e¨e ̄vq e¨envi Kiv cÖqvRb| hgbÑFZy

cwieZ©b, miRMr, P› ª̀ I m ~h© MÖnY,

wPÎ: miRMr

Rvqvi-fvUv BZ¨vw` welq aviYv w`Z gWj, PvU© ev Qwei cÖqvRb nq| GQvov Rxewe`¨vq, c`v_© we`¨vmn

wewfbœ cï-cvwL cwiwPwZ m¤úK© PvU© e¨envi Ki cvV`vb Kij wk¶v_©xi KvQ cvV cÖvYešÍ nq| GKBfve

Kwl weÁvb, ¯̂v¯¨ weÁvb welq cvV`vb KiZ Ges eÁvwbK wekølY KiZ Pviæ I KviæKjvi cÖqvRb nq|

wkïi Kg©¯únv Ges cÖvYPvÂj¨K myôz my›`i I mwVKfve cwiPvjbv KiZ nj cvVi cÖwZ Zvi AvMÖn mwó

KiZ nq| GZ wk¶v`vb c×wZ Avb›``vqK nq IV Ges wkï mB Avb›`i gva¨g wk¶vi Afxó jÿ¨

cuQvZ cvi|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK I cÖv_wgK ch©vq Lqvj LywkgZ Qwe AuvKvi ¸iæZ¡ I wkLb kLvbvi Kkj

ch©e¶Y I AwfÁZvi wfwËZ Qwe AuvKv

RvZxq dzj, dj, gvQ, cvwL, RvZxq cZvKv, ¯§wZma I kwn` wgbvi A¼b

is I Gi fvev_©

WªBs, iLvwPÎ, ¯P, cÖvKwZK ̀k¨ , Rjis ও c÷j G Qwe AuvKv

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK I cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q †Lqvj Lywk gZ Qwe AuvKvi ¸iyZ¡ I wkLb-†kLv‡bv

†K․kj

wkï gvÎB Kg ewk D™¢vebx ÿgZvi AwaKvix| m KviYB wkï Zvi AbyfwZ I AveM cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ Zvi

wPšÍv, Kíbv I wePvi eyw× LvwUq wewfbœ aibi iLvi gva¨g wPÎic `q| Zvi mRbg~jK KvRi ga¨ w`q

gbi AveM cÖKvk cvq| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK I cÖv_wgK ch©vq wkïiv ewki fvM AvZ¥cÖKvki gva¨g wnme Qwe

ewk e¨envi Ki| Zv`i wPšÍv fvebv, myL- ỳtL, Avkv, e`bv BZ¨vw` me wKQzi cÖwZdjb NU Zv`i A¼bi

gva¨g| eo`i gZ Ki m K_v iß KiZ ev ¸wQq ejZ cvi bv| ZvB Qwei gva¨g m wbRi gbi K_v

ev AbyfwZ cÖKvk Ki| mvgvwRK GKUv aiveuvav MwÛi ga¨ _KI m gy³ I ¯^vaxb| A¼bi ga¨ AvQ Zvi

¯v̂axbZv| wkLb-kLvbvi KvR Zvi gb iqQ wfwZ I AbvMÖn| ZvB G ch©vqi wkï`i coZ `qvi mv_

mv_ A¼bi cÖqvRbxq DcKiY cvk ivLj cov jLv iL A¼bi cÖwZ m ewk AvMÖnx nq|

Aa¨vq-`yB

4/5 eQi eqmi AuvKv Qwe _K 9/10 eQi eqm ch©šÍ wkï`i AuvKv Qwe¸jv `Lj evSv hvq ch©vqµg

Zv`i AuvKv Qwe ev Í̄eZvq wdi AvmQ| Qwe AuvKvi ïiæ _K aiveuvav wbqgi ga¨ dj AuvKZ `qv wVK

bq| aiveuvav wbqgi ga¨ AuvKZ w`j wkïi mRbx kw³ e¨vnZ nq| wbRi D™¢vebx wPšÍv A¼b cÖKvk KiZ

bv cvij gy³ weKvk e¨vnZ nIqvi m¤¢vebv ewk| hnZz wkïi fvlv Ávb mxwgZ, kã fvÐviI mxwgZ, hvi

Rb¨ gyLi fvlv Øviv mewKQz cÖKvk Kivi ÿgZv Kg, dj Qwe AuvKv Zv`i AvZ¥cÖKvki GKwU gyL¨ welq|

eqmi ZviZg¨ Abymvi wkï A¼bK wewfbœ fvM fvM Kiv hvq| hgb-

• wnwRwewR ¯Íi (Scribbling stage)

• mvsKwZK Í̄i (Symbolic stage)

• Aa©ev Í̄e ¯Íi (Pseudo-realistic stage)

• ev¯ÍeZvi ¯Íi (Realistic stage)

wnwRwewR ¯Íi (Scribbling stage) wkï A¼bi ÿÎ GwU gRvi ¯Íi| wkïiv AuvKZ wMq Gjvgjv AuvwKSywKi gva¨g Zvi Kíbvi welqK

cÖKvk KiZ Pvq| kLjvwenxbfve bvbvb aibi iLvi mvnvh¨ Qwe AvuK ej G ¯ÍiK wnwRwewR ¯Íi ej|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK Ae ̄vq wkïiv G Qwe¸jv GuK _vK|

mvs‡KwZK ¯Íi (Symbolic Stage) wkïiv Zv`i gbi fve cÖKvki Rb¨ fvlv Qvov mvsKwZK AsKbi Gi gva¨gI cÖKvk Ki _vK| wekl

Ki 6 _K 8 eQi eqmx wkïiv mvaviYZ mvsKwZK AsKbi gva¨g Qwe AsKb Ki _vK| ZvB wkï

A¼bi GB ¯ÍiK mvsKwZK ¯Íi ejv nq| hw` Kvb wkïK gviM Gi Qwe AuvKZ ejv nq, Ze GKwU k~b¨

w`q GKwU cU GuK Zvi Dci AviKwU QvU k~b¨ w`q gv_v GuK eo k~b¨wUi wbP ỳwU mij iLv w`q cv

GuK dje|

Aa©ev¯Íe ¯Íi (Pseudo-realistic stage) 9 _K 11 eQi eqm ch©šÍ wkïiv Aa©ev¯ÍeZvi Dci wfwË Ki Qwe GuK _vK| GB eqmi wkï`i Aw¼Z

QweZ ev¯ÍeZv eySvq bv Zey gb nq Qwei ga¨ wKQz ev¯ÍeZv AvQ| ZvB GB Í̄iK Aa©ev Í̄eZvi ¯Íi ejv nq|

ev¯Íe ¯Íi (Realistic stage) ev¯ÍeZvi ¯Íi mvaviYZ 5g kÖwYi kl _K ïiæ nq| G ¯Íi _K wkï`i A¼b ev Í̄eZvi GKUv cÖfve

cwijw¶Z nq| ev¯Íei mv_ Lvc LvBq G eqmi wkïiv Zv`i Qwe¸jv GuK _vK|

AsK‡bi cªKvi‡f`

A¼bi g~jm~Î Ges A¼bi c×wZi Dci wbf©i Ki A¼bi cÖKvif` wPwýZ Kiv nqQ| A¼bi m~Î ai

ejZ cviv hvq KvbwU Kvb aibi A¼bÑKvb m~Î ai AuvKv nqQ Ges Kxfve AuvKv nqQ|

AsK‡bi cÖKvi‡f` Abyhvqx AsKb‡K wewfbœ fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q-

Nwl©Z wPÎv¼b (Mass Drawing)

mxgviLv wPÎv¼b (Outline Drawing)

gy³n Í̄ wPÎv¼b (Freehand Drawing)

hš¿i mvnvh¨ wPÎv¼b (Instrument Drawing)

Av`k© `L wPÎv¼b (Model Drawing)

¯§wZi mvnvh¨ wPÎv¼b (Memory Drawing)

KvíwbK wPÎv¼b (Imaginery Drawing)

eY©bvg~jK wPÎv¼b (Descriptive Drawing)

mRbvZ¥K wPÎv¼b (Creative Draw)

Nwl©Z WªBs (Mass Drawing) mvaviYZ PK, Kqjv, c¨v÷j, cvovgvwU ev Abyic Kvb wRwbm w`q Nl

Nl A¼b Kiv nq _vK m Rb¨ G RvZxq A¼bK Nwl©Z wPÎv¼b ev Mass Drawing ejv nq| G RvZxq

A¼bi mgq cÖ_g Kvb mxgviLv Uvbv nq bv| Kvb GKUv we› ỳ _K gva¨gwU w`q Nl Nl cwiKwíZ ic

`qv nq| iLvi mvnvh¨ wPÎic `qv KwVb ZvB cÖv_wgK Ae ̄vq wkï`i Gfve Qwe A¼bi myhvM `qv

DwPZ|

mxgv‡iLv WªBs (Outline Drawing) Nl©Yi wVK wecixZ njv mxgviLv wPÎv¼b| Nl©Yv¼bi ÿÎ Kvb

we› ỳ _K Avi¤¢ KiZ nq| cÿvšÍi mxgviLv wPÎv¼bi ÿÎ ïay evwnii iLv ØvivB A¼b KiZ nq|

GZ wPÎi fZi duvKv _vK| evsjv I BsiwR eY© wkLZ GB c×wZwU wekl fve mvnvh¨ Ki|

gy³ n‡¯Í wPÎv¼b (Free hand Drawing) wPÎi Ae ̄vb Ges AbycvZ wVK ivLvi Rb¨ Kvb wKQzi

mvnvh¨ QvovB Lvwj nvZ A¼b KivK gy³n¯Í wPÎv¼b ev Freehand Drawing ejv nq| A¼bi cÖv_wgK

Ae ̄vq wkï`i Lvwj nvZ A¼b KiZ DrmvwnZ Kiv DwPZ|

h‡š¿i mvnv‡h¨ wPÎv¼b (Instrument Drawing) AbycvZ, fvimvg¨ wKsev iLv, eË, wÎfyR, PZzf©R

BZ¨vw` A¼bi Rb¨ hLb Kvb hš¿i mvnvh¨ bqv nq ZLb ZvK hš¿i mvnvh¨ wPÎv¼b ev Instrument

Drawing ejv nq| MwYZ wKQz aviYvi ¶Î GB `¶ZvwU e¨envi Kiv nq|

Av`k© †`‡L wPÎv¼b (Model Drawing) †Kvb e¯i cÖwZKwZ `L A¼b KivK Av`k© wPÎv¼b ev

Model Drawing ej| gb _K A¼b Kivi Pq cÖ_g e ̄i g~j KvVvgv `L A¼b AbK fvj|

wkï`i cÖ_g gWj `L AuvKv kLvj wkïiv e¯ m¤úK© ev Í̄e aviYv jvf KiZ cvi| weÁvb welqwU

cvV`vb GB `¶ZvwU KvR jvM|

¯§„wZi mvnv‡h¨ wPÎv¼b (Memory Drawing) Kvb wKQzi Av`k© ev gWj bv `L gb _K A¼b

KivK ¯§wZi mvnvh¨ wPÎv¼b ev Memory Drawing ejv nq| e ̄ m¤úK© h gvbwmK wPÎwU gvbmcU

Aw¼Z nq is Zzwj ev cwÝji mvnvh¨ ZvÕB wPwÎZ Kiv nq| ¯§wZi mvnvh¨B wkïiv cÖ_g A¼b Ki _vK

Ges ZvZB Zviv Lye Avb›` cvq| ̄vbxq GjvKvi gvbwPÎ AsKb GB `¶ZvwU KvR jvM (cwiek cwiwPwZ

Gi mv_ hy³)|

KvíwbK wPÎv¼b (Imaginery Drawing) Kvb e¯, Av`k© ev wPÎi AbyKiY bv Ki wkíx wbRi Kíbv

_K hLb bZzb wKQz A¼b Ki ZLb ZvK KvíwbK wPÎv¼b ev Imaginery Drawing ej|

eY©bvg~jK wPÎv¼b (Descriptive Drawing) wkíx hLb Kvb NUbv ev Kvb ̀k¨i eY©bv ïb ev cvV

Ki Zvi Dci wfwË Ki wPÎ A¼b Ki ZLb ZvK eY©bvg~jK wPÎv¼b ev Descriptive Drawing ej|

m„RbvZ¥K wPÎv¼b (Descriptive Drawing) A¼bi mgq wkíx Zvi mRbx cÖwZfvi cwiPq w`q bZzb

bZzb fveavivi gva¨g h ̀k¨i AeZviYv Kib ZLb ZvK mRbvZ¥K wPÎv¼b ev Creative Drawing

ej| mRbvZ¥K wPÎv¼b ejZ g~jZ wkï wPÎKjvKB eySvq| KvíwbK eY©bvg~jK Ges mRbvZ¥K wPÎvsKb

wewfbœfve evsjv I BsiwR fvlv AvqË KiZ Mí I KweZv eySZ mvnvh¨ KiZ cvi

ch©‡e¶Y I AwfÁZvi gva¨‡g Qwe AuvKv

wkï A¼b ev Í̄eZv Avbvi Rb¨ wbR cwiek mPivPi hme wRwbm `LZ cvq m¸jv cÖ_g `L ci ¯§wZ

_K AuvKZ Póv Ki| ¯§wZkw³ I gavK Kvh©Ki Kivi Rb¨ G cšv LyeB cÖqvRb| cÖv_wgK ch©vq

A¼bi ev¯ÍeZv Avbvi Rb¨ ch©e¶Yi h_ó ¸iæZ¡ iqQ| ch©e¶Y Ki Qwe A¼b Kivi m½ gWji

GKUv wbweo m¤úK© AvQ G Rb¨ gWj KvK ej Zv wkï`i Rvbv `iKvi| hv `L Qwe AuvK ZvK gWj

ej| Kvb Kvb mgq ev Í̄e wRwbmi Abyic gvwU ev Ab¨ h Kvb c`v_© Øviv Zwi wRwbmKI gWj ejv

nq| wkïi cÖKwZ ¯v̂fvweK KíbvcÖeY| m hv Rvb ZvB AuvK hv `L Zv AuvK bv| GwU wkïi ejvq ev Í̄e

mZ¨| Qwe A¼bi gva¨g wkï G ¯̂fve _K axi axi ev Í̄eZvq wdi Avm| ZvB mewKQz fvjfve

ch©e¶Y KiZ ne| cÖwZwU wRwbmi MVb I AvKwZMZ cÖKwZ evSvi Rb¨ ch©e¶Y Ki AuvKZ ejZ

ne Ges mfve PP©v Kij KíbvcÖeYZv _K ev Í̄eZvq wdi Avme| wkï`i ch©e¶Y Ki Qwe AuvKvi

aviYv cÖ`vb I mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ wkÿKi welqwfwËK aviYv _vKv `iKvi|

wbR cwiek cÖvß wRwbmcÎ, MvQ-cvjv, Ni-evwo, gvQ, cï-cvwL BZ¨vw`i mv_ fvjfve cwiwPwZ jvfi Rb¨

Ges `kxq wRwbmi cÖwZ AbyivM I fvjevmv ew×i Rb¨ ch©e¶Yi gva¨g Qwe A¼bi ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg| h

Kvb ev Í̄e wRwbm wZb gvÎvq (`N©, cÖ ̄, DPZv) `Lv hvq, wKš A¼bi mgq ïay ỳB gvÎvq (`N©, cÖ ̄) A¼b

KiZ nq| ZvB cÖv_wgK ch©vq A¼b ïay e¯wUi mxgviLv AuvKZ nq| mxgviLv ev eW©vi jvBb AuvKZ

cvijB ai bqv nq e ̄wUi A¼b h_vh_ nqQ| G fve wb¤œi ¯ÍiwfwËK wewfbœ wRwbmi Qwe A¼b Ki

`Lvbv njv hv cÖwk¶K wk¶v_©x`i GuK `Lveb Ges wkÿv_©xiv AuvKeb|

Abykxjb wPÎ

A¼b `ÿ Kivi Rb¨ dig †f‡` wewfbœ Qwe A¼b c×wZ

Abykxjb wPÎ

cÖ_g ¯Íi wØZxq ¯Íi Z…Zxq ¯Íi

cÖ_g ¯Íi wØZxq ¯Íi Z…Zxq ¯Íi

cÖ_g ¯Íi wØZxq ¯Íi Z…Zxq ¯Íi

cÖ_g ¯Íi wØZxq ¯Íi Z…Zxq ¯Íi

cÖ_g ¯Íi wØZxq ¯Íi Z…Zxq ¯Íi

cÖ_g ¯Íi wØZxq ¯Íi Z…Zxq ¯Íi

cÖ_g ¯Íi wØZxq ¯Íi Z…Zxq ¯Íi

cÖ_g ¯Íi wØZxq ¯Íi Z…Zxq ¯Íi

RvZxq dzj, dj, gvQ, cvwL, cZvKv, ¯§„wZ‡m․a, knx` wgbvi I evN Gi Qwe A¼b

RvZxq cÖZxK¸jv m¤úK© Avgv`i cÖZ¨Ki aviYv _vKv cÖqvRb| G DÏk¨K mvgb iL cª_g _K

cÂg kÖwYi wk¶v_©x`i GB welq¸jv m¤úK© ev¯Íe Ávb AR©bi jÿ¨ wWwcGW cÖwkÿYv_©x`i Rb¨

cÖZxK¸jv A¼bi e¨e¯v ivLv nqQ|

1. kvcjv dzj Gi Qwe A¼b c×wZ

kvcjv Avgv`i RvZxq dzj| MÖvg evsjvi AvbvP-KvbvP, Wvevq, wej-wSj G dyji wewPÎ mgvivn `Lv

hvq| cjøx evsjvi Lvj-wej, w`wN Avi mivei kvcjv dyj Zvi cweÎ ic wbq dzU IV| kvcjv hw`I

MÜnxb ZeyI Gi m›`h©i Zzjbv bB|

wZbwU ¯Íii Dci wfwË Ki kvcjv dzj A¼b

cÖ_g ¯Íi: GKwU eË A¼b Kiæb|

wØZxq Í̄i: eËi gvSvgvwS ¯vb _K ïiæ Ki KqwU cÖavb cvcwo A¼b Kiæb|

ZZxq Í̄i: wØZxq Í̄i Aw¼Z dzji cÖavb cvcwoi Dfq cvk mgvb gvci Aviv cvcwo A¼b Kiæb| cÖavb

cvcwoi wbP ỳwU iLv Ub kvcjv A¼b Ki eËi `vM ivevi w`q gyQ djyb|

2. KuvVvj Gi Qwe A¼b c×wZ: KuvVvjK evsj`ki RvZxq dj wnme wPwýZ Kiv nqQ| KuvVvj

evsjv`ki me©ÎB Kgewk cvIqv hvq| GB dj imvjv I my¯v̂ ỳ| GB dj evsjv`ki Ab¨vb¨ dji

Pq cÖvwUb ewk| wZbwU ¯Íii Dci wfwË Ki KuvVvj A¼b Kiv nqQ|

cÖ_g ¯Íi: GKwU wWgi gZ MvjvKwZ A¼b Kiæb|

wØZxq Í̄i: wW¤̂vKwZi Dcii Ask QvU ỳwU iLv euvKv Ki Ub GKwU evUv A¼b Kiæb|

ZZxq ¯Íi: wW¤̂vKwZi Pvwicvk QvU QvU (

5. RvZxq cZvKv Gi Qwe A¼b c×wZ

jvj meyR AuvKv cZvKv Avgv`i Miei cÖZxK| jvLv knx`i i³i wewbgq Avgiv cqwQ GB cZvKv|

meyRi ga¨ jvj eË D`xqgvb m~h©i cÖZxK| eËi Pvicvk Mvp meyR wPi ZviæY¨i cÖZxK|

evsjv`ki RvZxq cZvKvi wbw`©ó GKwU gvc AvQ| Zv njv `N© I cÖ¯i AbycvZ 10: 6| A_©vr `N© hw`

305 mwg. (10 dzU) nq Ze cÖ ̄ 180 mwg. (6 dzU) ne| jvj eËwU cZvKvi `N©i 5 fvMi GK fvM|

cZvKvi `N©i 20 fvMi 9 fvM GKwU j¤̂ Ub ci cÖ¯i wVK gvSLvb `N©i mv_ mgvšÍivj Ki GKwU

iLv Uvbyb| G iLvwUi Q` we› ỳK K› ª̀ Ki GKwU eË AuvKzb| eËwU AuvKvi ci AcÖqvRbxq `vM¸jv gyQ

djyb| cUzqv Kvgiæj nvmvb RvZxq cZvKvi bKkv AsKb Kib|

6. ¯§„wZ‡m․‡ai Qwe AsKb c×wZ

jvLv knx`i i³i wewbgq Avgiv cqwQ ¯̂vaxb mve©fg G `k| knx` nqQ QvÎ, wkÿK, eyw×Rxex, KlK,

kÖwgK, e¨emvqx, ZiæY-ZiæYxmn bvg bv Rvbv AbK jvK| Zv`i AvZ¥Z¨vMi cÖwZ kÖ×v Rvwbq wbwg©Z nqQ

¯§wZma| hvi bK&kv A¼b KiQb cÖKkj wek¦we`¨vjqi Aa¨vcK ¯cwZ ‣mq` gBbyj ‡nv‡mb| wZbwU Í̄ii

Dci wfwË Ki RvZxq ¯§wZmai Qwe A¼b Kiv nqQ|

AsKb c×wZ: cÖ_g 14 Bw j¤¦v GKwU fwg iLv A¼b Kiyb| fwg iLvi gvSLvb সাড়ে 10 Bw gvci GKwU

j¤¦ Uvbyb| f wg iLvK 1 Bw Ki fvM Ki 14 fvM Ges j¤¦ iLvK mgvb 7 fvM fvM Kরুb| AZtci j¤¦

iLvi Dfq cvk¦©B cÖ_g `vMi mv_ j¤¦ iLvi Dcwi fvM _K wgj Kiæb Ges AwZwi³ `vM¸jv gyQ

djyb|¯§wZmai cÖKZ gvc fwg iLv 184 wdU Ges DPZv 154 wdU|

7. knx` wgbvi Gi Qwe AsKb c×wZ

fvlv Av›`vjbi `vweZ 1952 mvji 21 deªæqvwi huviv knx` nqwQjb Zuv`i cÖwZ kÖ×v cÖ`k©b I ¯§wZ

iÿv_© knx` wgbvi Zwi Kiv nq| cÖL¨vZ wkíx nvwg ỳi ingvb knx` wgbvii bK&kv A¼b Kib| mnR

AbymiYxq Kvb euvav aiv c×wZ ev wbqg bvB hv AbymiY Ki knx` wgbvi A¼b Kiv hvq| whwb AuvKeb Zuvi

AvMÖn ev BQv Abyhvqx h Kvb QK ev c×wZ Aej¤̂b Ki wZwb AuvKZ cvib| Ze knx` wgbvii gvSLvb

wZbwU ¯Í¤¢ GKUz eo Ges mvgbi w`K GKUz euvKv/SuvKvbv _vKe| ỳÕcvk ỳÕwU Í̄¤¢ GKUz QvU ne| gvSi

¯Í¤¢K gvqi Ges QvU Í̄¤¢ ỳÕwU mšÍvbi cÖZxK wnme Avgiv e¨envi Kwi| knx` wgbvii Ab¨Zg icKvi

bfiv Avng`|

is I Gi fvev_©

wek¦ cÖKwZ is-Gi gjv| ̀k¨gvb RMZ Avgiv hv wKQyB `LZ cvB Zv Kvb bv Kvb is Øviv AveZ| Avgiv

h w`K ̀wó `B me©ÎB wewPÎ is-Gi wecyj mgvivn| D¾¡j is I eY©gq cÖvKwZK cwiek wkï gb Acvi

Avb›` `q| mnZy is Gi cÖv_wgK aviYv, kªwY wefvM I mwVK e¨envi GKRb wk¶Ki Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ

cÖqvRb| m~h©i Avjv Kvb wÎKvYvKvi KuvPi (wcÖRg) ga¨ w`q cÖwZmwiZ nj Avgiv mvZwU is `LZ

cvB| is mvZwU njvÑ e¸wb, bxj, Avmgvwb, meyR, njy`, Kgjv I jvj| ms¶c G is¸jvK

ebxAvmnKjv ejv nq| Zi½i ZviZg¨i Dci wfwË Ki isK wZb fvM fvM Kiv hvq| h_vÑ

cÖ_g Í̄‡ii is ev †g․wjK is (primary colours): †h is Ab¨ Kvb ỳB ev AwaK is Gi wgkÖY Zix nq bv

ZvK gwjK is (primary colours) ejv nq|

gwjK is (primary colours) wZb cÖKvi, h_v - jvj, njy`, bxj

wØZxq ¯Í‡ii is ev gva¨wgK is (secondary colour): †gwjK h Kvb ỳBwU isqi wgkÖY h is Zix nq

ZvK wØZxq Í̄ii is ev gva¨wgK is (secondary colour) ejv nq|

gva¨wgK is (secondary colour) wZb cÖKvi, h_v- e¸bx , meyR , Kgjv

gva¨wgK is (secondary colour)

cÖ_g ¯Í‡ii is ev ‡g․wjK is

jvj bxj njy`

jvj Ges bxj wgkÖY e¸bx

njy` Ges bxj wgkªY meyR

jvj Ges njy` wgkÖY Kgjv

Z„Zxq Í̄‡ii is ev wgkÖ is (Tertiary colours)

GKwU cª_g ¯Íii is ev gwjK is (primary colours) Ges GKwU wØZxq ¯Íii isev gva¨wgK is

(secondary colour) Gi mswgkªY h is Zwi nq ZvK ZZxq Í̄ii is ev wgkÖ is (tertiary coloures)

ejv nq| hgb- njy`+Kgjv= LuvwU mvbvi is ev KbK, jvj+ Kgjv= BU is, jvj+e¸bx=AvjZv is,

bxj+e¸bx=aymi is, bxj+ meyR giKZ is, njy`+ me yR= Ri` is|

cª_g ¯Íii is ev gwjK is (primary colours) Ges wØZxq ¯Íii is ev gva¨wgK is (secondary

colour) Qvov evKx me is ZZxq Í̄ii is ev wgkÖ is (tertiary colours) ejv hvq|

Z„Zxq Í̄‡ii is evwgkÖ is (tertiary colours)

mv`v is:

hLb me¸jv AvjvK Zi½ mgvb D¾¡jZv Ges DPZvq PvLi mvgb cÖwZfvZ nq ZLb mv`v is ̀wóMvPi

nq| mv`v is njv me¸jv is Gi mgwó| A_©vr mv`v is Gi ga¨ mKj is Gi Ae¯vb we`¨gvb|

Kv‡jv is:

hLb AvjvK Zi½i ¶Î hLb Kvb is Gi Dcw ̄wZ _vK bv| A_©vr is Gi ¶Î hLb m¤ú~Y© k~b¨Zvi mwó

nq ZLb m Ae ̄vK Avgiv ewj Kvjv is| Kvjv is njv is Gi Abycw ̄wZ|

wbi‡cÿ is:

G is Gi A_© njv wekl Kvb is Gi c¶ bq| A_©vr mKj c¶i DciB Zvi GKUv cÖfve _vKe| mv`v

Kvjv Ges mKj cÖKvi a~mi is wbic¶ is Gi kªwYfy³| mv`v Ges Kvjv m¤ú~Y© Ges a~mi is¸jv

AvswkKfve wbic¶|

is Gi •ewkó¨ ev ¸Y:

cÖZ¨KwU is Gi ga¨ wZbwU ewkó¨ ev ¸Y we`¨gvb| h_vÑeY © (Hue), MvpZv I jNyZv (Value),

eY©i D¾¡jZv I Aby¾¡jZv (Intensity)|

eY©: eY©i A_© nQ wekl Kvb is Gi mgvek, hgbÑjvj, bxj I njy`| is Gi GB ¸Yi dj

GK wRwbm _K Ab¨ wRwbmK ev GKwU isK Ab¨vb¨ is _K c_K Ki `Lv m¤¢e|

is Gi MvpZv I jNyZv: Qwe AuvKvi mgq Kvb Kvb mgq is Gi MvpZv A_ev jNyZv `Lvbvi cÖqvRb

nq Ges m Abyhvqx Mvp wKsev nvjKv is Gi e¨envi Kiv nq _vK|

is Gi D¾¡jZv Ges Aby¾¡jZv: cÖqvRb Abyhvqx Kvb Kvb mgq is Gi D¾¡jZv ew× Ges Kgvbv

m¤¢e|

is Gi gb¯ÍvwË¡K cªwZwµqv:

isGi mv_ gvbyli GKUv wbweo m¤úK© AvQ| wewfbœ is gvbyli gb fveveMi mwó Ki| wkíx Zuvi gbi

h fvewU mwVKfve e¨³ Kivi Rb¨ mwVK iswU wbe©vPb Ki bb `k©Ki gbI wewfbœ is `L wewfbœ fve

mÂvixZ nq _vK| h is Gi mv_ h gb¯ÍvwË¡K wµqv c&ªwZwµqvi e¨vcviwU mswkøó Zv njvÑ

• jvj: jvj is gvbe gb DËRbvi mwó Ki| jvj iswU njv i³i is Zv i³cvZ, wec`RbK Ges

DËRbvi ev AZ¨šÍ AvKl©Yxq Kvb cwiw ̄wZi Bw½Z enb Ki|

• bxj: bxj is Gi mv_ gvbe gbi GKUv cÖkvšÍ Ae¯vi m¤úK© Rwoq AvQ| Mvp bxj MfxiZvi

Avfvm `q| m¤¢eZ AvKvki is Gi mv_ GB gbi fvei Kvb m¤úK© AvQ|

• njy`: njy` is gvbe gbi Avb›` Djvmi cÖZxK| wewfbœ AvPvi Abyôvb G is e¨envi nq _vK| GUv

gvbyli gb¯ÍvwË¡K Awfe¨w³I eU|

• mv`v: mv`v is njv c~Y©Zv, cweÎZv Ges kvwšÍi cÖZxK|

• Kvjv: Kvjv is kvK-Zvc, ỳtL-welv` Gi Bw½Z enb Ki|

• meyR: cÖKwZi mv_ wgj iL KLbI ew× ev hebi cÖZxK ej gb Kiv nq|

is Gis AšÍwb©wnZ A_© Av‡Q hv wb‡gœ D‡jøL¨ Kiv n‡jv

is‡qi bvg A_©c~Y© mvgÄm¨

jvj (D¾¡j)

mv`v

Kvjv

Kgjv

bxj

e¸bx

D¾¡j njy`

mvbvjx njy`

meyR

aymi-wc½j

meyR bxj

njy`

aymi (gwjb)

DÂZv, `xwß, AwMœwkLv, A¯ÍMvgx m~h©

cweÎZv, c~Y¨Zv, Avb›` , ùzwZ©

kvK, nZvkv, Awbó, cvc

ü`qveM, Kvgbv, bKU¨, DòZv, Kgjv jey

cÖkvwšÍ, gvnbxqZv, kxZjZv,

gnZ¡eva, gh©v`v, ah©¨

ag©xq AveM, Z¨vM, avb, ml©dzj

Hk¦h©, ¯v̂¯̈ , mgwØ, mvbv, m~h©gyLx dzj

cÖvPzh©, mRxeZv, Nvm, KwPcvZv

kvwšÍ , D`vmxbZv , gwËKv

KvgjZv, Avb›`, mgy`ªi dbv

we¯§q

AKZKvh©Zv

cÖK„wZ †_‡K cvIqv is

k¨vgj kvfvq mykvwfZ G evsjv`ki me RvqMvZB wewfbœ MvQcvjv, jZvcvZv, dj-dzj BZ¨vw`Z cwic~Y©|

Gme MvQ-cvjv, jZv-cvZv, dzj-djmn wewfbœ wRwbm _K Avgiv mnRB bvbv cÖKvi is cZ cvwi hv Zwi

Ges e¨envi KvgjgwZ wkïiv Drmvnx nq| hgb -

†e¸wb isÑcvKv cuyB kvKi dj I wQUKxi dj

meyR is Ñ mxg cvZvi im I Muv`v dzji cvZvi im

njy` isÑKuvPv njy` A_ev ïKbv njy`i im

Kgjv isÑgnw` cvZvi im A_ev wkDjx dzj

Kv‡jv is ÑKvV Kqjv ev ivbœvi cvwZji Zjv _K, Zji evwZ _K

L‡qwi is ÑWDqv MvQi Qvj, KuvPv Mve I KPy MvQi im _K Ges Lqi _K|

†iLvwPÎ, cÖvK…wZK `„k¨ I Rj is G Qwe AuvKv

Kvb we› ỳ hLb Pjgvb nq ZLb iLv Zwi nq| GB iLv w`q Avgiv bvbv aibi jLv mvsKwZK wPý

e¨envi Kwi hv Avgv`i Rxebi mv_ IZcÖvZfve RwoZ| Qwe AuvKv, bK&kv, BwÄwbqvwis WªBs, mvsKwZK

wPý GgbwK Avw`g hyMi AuvKv wPÎI g~jZ iLv wbf©i| Avw`g hyM GB iLvB wQj gvbyli Ab¨Zg fvlv hv

mf¨ RMZ GmI Avgiv KvR Kg© mvÿ¨ ivwL| wkïiv hLb fvlv kL bv, K_v ejZ cvi bv ZLb Zviv

Qwei gva¨g wbR`i cÖKvk KiZ Pvq| eZ©gvb iLv wPÎi eûj cÖPjb iqQ| bvbv aibi mij iLv,

eµ iLv, wÎfzR, PZyf©yR, eË BZ¨vw` e¨envi Ki Qwe I bK&kv Zwi Kiv nq hv e¨envwiK Rxeb LyeB

cªqvRb| bK&kv njv ev Í̄eag©x wPÎKjvi mvivsk| bK&kvi e¨envwiK Dcv`vb 8wU|

h_vÑ1. wfwË (Base) 2. †iLv (Line) 3. w`K (Direction) 4. AvKvi (Size) 5. AvK…wZ (Shape) 6.

eybU (Texture) 7. gvb (Value) 8. is (Colour)

wb‡¤œ wewfbœ ai‡bi †iLvi gva¨‡g wKQz mnR A¼b †`Lv‡bv n‡jv|

WªBs (cÖvK…wZK „̀k¨)

cÖvK…wZK „̀k¨ AvuKvi cØwZ

wek¦ cÖKwZi Acic mgvivni ga¨ Avgv`i emevm| cÖKwZi cÖwZwU Dcv`vbi mv_ Avgv`i AvwZ¥K GKUv

m¤úK© AvQ| hvi GKUv cÖfve Qwe AuvKZ cwijw¶Z nq| cÖKwZ wbf©i welqe¯K KqKwU fvM fvM Kiv

hvq| hgbÑ ̄vb, Kvj I cwiek| GB ̄vb, Kvj I cwieki cÖfve hZ ¯̂vfvweK I ev¯Íeag©x ne QwewU ZZ

̀wób›`b I cÖvYešÍ ne| welqe¯ Abyhvqx wPÎi Pvwi cvk¦© mxgviLv wPwýZ Ki is, AbycvZ, cwicÖw¶Z I

fvimvg¨ mwVK e¨envi Ki Qwe AuvKZ ne| AbK mgq mxgviLv bv UbI cyivUv KvMR Qwe AuvKv hvq|

Qwe AuvKvi mgq cÖ_gB GKUv welqe ̄K K› ª̀ Ki Ab¨vb¨ welqe ̄i mwbœek NUvZ ne| hvZ Qwei

fvimvg¨ wVK _vK Ges `k©K `L hb ej QwewU Lye my›`i nqQ|

Rj is G Qwe AvuKvi c×wZ

Rj is mvaviYZ ỳaibi nq| 1. ¯̂Q Rj is 2. A¯̂Q Rj is|

¯”̂Q Rj is:

GUv cvwb wgwkªZ is| Qwe AuvKvi Rb¨ Rj is Ab¨Zg GKwU gva¨g| G is-G Qwe AuvKvi Rb¨ wKQzUv Af¨vm

_vKv cÖqvRb| Rj is Qwe AuvKvi mgq Qwei ga¨ D¾¡jZv Ges is Gi cwicÖw¶Z Gi cÖfve _vKZ ne|

Qwei ga¨ G cÖfve¸jv ivLvi Rb¨ AwfÁZv _vKvi cÖqvRb| Rj is G Qwe AuvKvi ÿÎ 3wU ch©vq kl

KiZ nq| dv÷ Iqvk, mKÛ Iqvk I _vW© Iqvk| A_©vr cÖ_g welqe ̄wU cwÝj w`q WªBs Ki Gi ci

is e¨envi KiZ ne| is e¨envii mgq Qwei welqe¯ Abyhvqx cÖ_g nvjKv Ki is w`Z ne| wØZxq evi

is e¨envi cª_g evi cvwbZ is Gi cwigvY hZUzKz _vKe Zv _K ewk Mvp Ki w`Z ne| ZZxq evi ev

kl evi wØZxq evi cvwbZ h cwigvY is _vKe Zv _K ewk Mvp Ki jvBU GÛ kW Abyhvqx is e¨envi

KiZ ne| _vW© Iqvk is Gi cwigvY ewk wbq welqe ̄i ZviZg¨ Abymvi

h_v ̄vb Mvp is e¨envi KiZ ne| jvj I bxj is Gi mv_ welqe ̄i DchvMx is w`q AvjvQvqv evSvZ

ne Ges GUvB ne jv÷ Iqvk| Rj is e¨envi c×wZZ gvg is Ges wMømvwib e¨envi Kiv hvq|

A¯̂”Q Rj is:

G is mvaviYZ A¯̂Q| hgb- cvóvi Kvjvi, GµwjK Kvjvi, cvw÷K Kvjvi| wkïiv G is-G Qwe AuvKZ

LyeB cQ›` Ki| KviY w_K Kvjvi Qwe AuvKj is D¾¡j nq| Avevi is e¨envii c×wZ njv Mvp is _K

nvjKv| GKB c×wZZ Zj is G Qwe AuvKv nq | wkï hLb Av¯Í Av¯Í Zvi ev¯Íeag©x QweZ wdi hvq ZLb

m ¯̂Q is G Qwe AuvKZ cQ›` Ki|

c¨v‡÷j is AuvKv Qwe

iw½b I mv`v KvMR KU bKkv Ges KvMRi gÐ w`q gWj/mRbkxj wkíKg© Zwi Kiv

gvwU I cvU w`q wewfbœ gWj Zwi

LRyicvZv, bvwiKj cvZv I wWgi Lvmv w`q wkíKg© Zwi

iwOb I mv`v KvMR †K‡U bKkv Ges KvM‡Ri gÐ w`‡q g‡Wj/m„Rbkxj

wkíKg© •Zwi

AvengvbKvj ai MÖvg I kni iwOb KvMRi e¨envi nq AvmQ| iwOb KvMR w`q wewfbœ aibi bK&kv

ZwiZ wkw¶Z Awkw¶Z cÖvq mevB Af¨ Í̄ Ges mKji KvQ wcÖq| iwOb KvMR w`q Avgiv AbK my›`i

bKkv, c¨vUvb©, cï, cvwL BZ¨vw` Zwi Ki _vwK| iwOb KvMR e¨envi Ki Kvb wRwbm Zwi wkïi mRbkxj

cÖwZfv weKvki Rb¨ LyeB mnvqK| ZvQvov wewfbœ AvPvi Abyôvb bvbvfve G aibi KvRi e¨envi _vKj

Abyôvb AZ¨šÍ AvKl©Yxq nq IV Ges Abyôvbi ¸iæZ¡ ew× cvq| wekl Ki wewfbœ iOi KvMR w`q

Ni`vi mvRvj AbK ~̀i _K LyeB my›`i `Lv hvq|

wbkvb •Zwi

is-eis Gi KvMRi wbkvb mvR m¾vi Rb¨ Lye mnR GKwU wRwbm| Kvb Abyôvb hvIqvi ØvicÖvšÍ ev

gmwR`, gw›`ii mvgb euvk ev KjvMvQ cyuZ PviKvYv ev wZb KvYvi wbkvb Mu_ `Iqv nq| kvfvhvÎv ev

Drme Abyôvb ev wgwQj mevi nvZ is-eis Gi wbkvb _vKj wgwQj Lye AvKl©Yxq nq| wbkvb ỳÕaibi

PviKvYv I wZbKvYv| wbkvb Zwii Rb¨ cyiv KvMRwU hvZ KvR jvMvZ cvib mfve KvMRwU fuvR w`b|

KvMRi mvBR 75 mwg. j¤̂v I 50 mwg. PIov nj fvj nq| Gevi KvMR ỳB LÛ GK mv_ wbq

PvifuvRKi KvUzb| Gevi wKQz KvMR PviKvYvi iL evwK KvMR wZbKvYvKwZ KU wbkvb Zwi Kiæb|

Aa¨vq - wZb

KvMR LÛ AvVv w`q cvU KvwV/euvki `woZ jvwMq e¨envi DchvMx Kiæb| KvwVZ KvMR jvMvbvi mgq

gb ivLZ ne h KvMR hb Dëvcvëv bv nq|

KvMR †K‡U wkíK©g

cÖ_g GKwU mv`v ev iwOb KvMR (jvj KvMR) welqwUK WªBs Ki (hgb cÖRvcwZ, cvwL, nwiY, dzj BZ¨vw`)

Gw›UKvUvi A_evKvuwP w`q welqwU Qvov evwK AskUzKz Lye mveavb KU dj w`Z ne| Gi ci jvj KvMR

KvUv cÖRvcwZwUi DjUv wcU AvVv jvwMq mv`v A_ev nvjKv is Gi KvMR jvwMq wbZ ne| GB cªwµqvq

h Kvb KvMR KU wkíK©g Kiv hvq|

KvM‡Ri gÐ w`‡q g‡Wj/m„Rbkxj wkíKg© •Zwi Kiv

gÐ •Zwii c×wZ

cª_g avc-

dj `qv h Kvb wbDRwcÖ›U / wbDR ccvi QvU QvU UzKiv Ki Kvb evjwZ/Mvgjvq 2/3 w`b cwi¯vi

cvwbZ wfwRq ivLZ ne| cvwbZ fRvi ci big nj cvwb evi Ki So Zzj djZ ne,cÖqvRb

nvZ w`q Qvwoq wbZ ne| KvMR AbKw`b wfRj ev KvMR gqjv _vKj AbK mgq ỳM©Ü nq hZ

cvi| ZvB GKUz weøwPs cvDWvi ev KqK duvUv WUj w`j ỳM©Ü nIqvi m¤fvebv Kg _vK| Gfve KvMRi

gÐ Zwi Ki wbZ ne| gÐ Kvb cÖKvi gqjv cvIqv Mj cwi¯vi Ki wbZ ne| eøÛvi eøÛ Ki wbj

fvjv nq|

wØZxq avc

KvMRi gÛi mv_ AvbycvwZKnvi PK cvDWvi wgkªb Kij gÛ mv`v `Lvq| gÛK k³ Kivi Rb¨ gÛi

mv_ Aí AvVv ev Mvg wgkvZ ne | h Kvb AvVv ev MvgB e¨envi Kiæb bv Kb ZvZ GKUz ZyuZ wgwkq

wbZ ne| cieZ©x mgq KvMRi gÛi Zwi wkíKg©wU hb Kvb cvKv gvKo _K i¶v cvq|

Z…Zxq avc

gÛ Avi Mvg GK mv_ AvbycvwZK nvi wgwkq KvRi DchvMx Ki my›`i GKwU có Zwi Ki wbZ ne|

Zwi KZ có w`q Pvwn`v gZv wkíKg© Kiv hve| gb ivLZ ne, hZUzKz gÛi KvR Kieb, ZZUzKz gÛZ

Mvg gkvZ ne| KviY Mvg gkvbv gÛewk¶Y big _vK bv | evZvm ïwKq k³ nevi m¤¢vebv _vK| Mvg

wgkvbv gÛ msi¶Yi cÖqvRb nj cwj e¨vM WK ivLv hZ cvi, Ze ỳB GK w`bi ga¨ e¨envi Kij

fvj nq|

KvMR ev gÛ w`‡q wkíKg© •Zwi Kiv

QvP e¨envi K‡iÑcÖ_g wbDRwcÖ›U KvMR j¤̂v Ki KU wbZ ne| Zvici cvwbZ wfwRq QvPi

Dci cuPvZ ne| cÖ_gevi cuPvbvi ci cieZ©x KvMR Mvg jvwMq cuPvZ ne| Gfve ci ci

ek KqK evi cuwPq GKUv ¯̂vfvweK cyiæZ¡ Gm Mj Gi Dci gÛ Aí Aí Ki jvwMq

wkíKg©wUi KvR kl KiZ ne| Gi ci kywKq Mj Q uvPwU ei Ki wbZ ne| ỳB wZb w`b ci

cÖ_g GK ỳB evi mv`v is jvwMq Gi ci cQ›` gZ is w`q KvRwU kl KiZ ne|

hgb- cyZzj, dzj`vwb, gyLvk|

gÐ w`q ZwiKZ mvwcP I gyLvk

gvwU I cvU w`‡q wewfbœ g‡Wj •Zwi

gvwU njv wkïi mnR cÖvc¨ wRwbmi ga¨ GKwU| wkïiv mnRjf¨ wRwbmcÎ wbq me mgq bvovPvov Ki|

nvZi KvQ cÖvß mvgMÖx w`q hLb hv Lywk evbvZ Pvq Ges m me wbqB cÖvqk e¨¯Í _vK| mnR cÖvc¨ mvgMÖxi

ga¨ gvwU GKwU wekl Dcv`vb hv wkï`i AZ¨šÍ wcÖq e¯| mvaviYZ GuUj gvwU njv Kvb wRwbm Zwi Kivi

Rb¨ DchvMx|

gvwU ‣Zixi wbqg

gvwU w`q Kvb wKQy Zwii c~e© gvwUi aib Ges e¨envi DchvMx Kiv m¤úK© AewnZ nIqv cÖqvRb|

mvaviYZ GuUj gvwU njv Kvb wRwbm Zwi Kivi Rb¨ DchvMx| ïKbv GuUj gvwU ¸ov Ki QvuKwb w`q

QuK cwigvY gZ cvwb wgwkq KvRi DchvMx Ki wbZ nq| mePq fvj nq cÖKwZ cÖvß GuUj gvwU cvIqv

Mj| GuUj gvwU hw` ewk fRv nq Ze ïKbv PU w`q XK hLb k³ Kv`vZ cwiYZ nq ZLb gvwU

KvRi DchvMx Kivi Rb¨ evi evi wcl wbZ nq| gvwU wcl bqvi ci gvwU Ggb GKUv ic aviY Ki hLb

gvwUZ nvZ w`j gvwU nvZ jvM bv ZLbB eySZ ne gvwU KvRi Rb¨ DchvMx nqQ| ZvQvov gvwUi mv_

hw` BUi UzKiv ev k³ Kvb aibi e ̄ ev wRwbm _vK m¸jv Avjv`v Ki wbZ ne| Zv bv nj ZwiKZ

gWj ev wRwbm dU hZ cvi|

g‡Wj •Zwi

gvwU w`q KvR Kivi mgq wk¶K gb ivLeb wkï kªwY _K cÂg kªwY DchvMx welqe ̄B hb Zv`i

cÖwZcv`¨ welq nq| A_©vr wbKU cwiek cvIqv hvq ev AwZcwiwPZ welqe ̄ hgbÑAvg, cuc, Zvj, e¸b,

Kjv, Mvm, Kvc-wcwiP, dyj`vwb, evwU BZ¨vw`| wkïi DchvMx welqe ̄ wbq KvR Kivi mgq H welq m¤úK©

KZUzKz aviYv AvQ Zv Rvbvi Rb¨ evW© WªBs Ki wk¶K wkÿv_©xi welqi MVb m¤úK© aviYv w`Z cvib|

Zvici cÖqvRb cÖwk¶K ¯ÍiwfwËK GuK `Lveb (cÖqvRb gWj `LvZ cvib)| Gici wk¶v_©xiv Zwi

Kieb| gvwU w`q Kvb wKQz Zwi Kivi mgq gb ivLZ ne h, gvwU

c÷ Kivi mgq A_©vr gvwUi Dci gvwU jvMvbvi mgq hb gvwUi wfZi evZvm bv _vK| gvwUi wfZi evZvm

_vKj gvwUi Zwi wRwbm dU hZ cvi| gvwUi Zwi gWj cÖv_wgK Ae¯vq QvqvZ ïwKq wbq ci iv`

ïKvj dU hvIqvi m¤¢vebv Kg _vK| ZwiKZ gWj mvaviYZ cvovbv nq bv ZvB msiÿYi Rb¨ ï®

RvqMvq ivLvB kÖq|

gvwU w`‡q •ZwiK…Z wewfbœ g‡W‡ji Qwe

gvwUi g‡W‡j is Kivi wbqg

gvwUi Zwi gWj is Kivi c~e© ZwiKZ gWj¸jv fvjfve ïwKq wbZ nq| ïKvbvi ci is Kivi c~e©

mv`v PK cvDWvi cvwbZ ¸j is Kivi ci gWji aib Abyhvqx is KiZ ne| Gme KvR Kg `vwg is

e¨envi Kiv hvq| u̧ov is cvwbZ Nb Ki ¸j Zzwj ev Kvco w`q is Gi cÖjc w`Z ne| Kvb Kvb mgq

evwb©k e¨envi Kiv hvq| Ze evwb©k is e¨envii mgq nvZ jvMvi m¤¢vebv _vK| ZvB Kivwmb Zj ev

Zviwcb w`q nvZ jM _vKv evwY©k ZzjZ nq| cÖKwZ _K cÖvß is gvwUi Zwi wRwbm jvMvbv hvq| hgb-

Pzb, njy`, gwiPi u̧ov, Lqi, cuyB Gi dj, wmg cvZvi im, KuvUv gv›`vi dzj, wkDjx dzj, cvKv wQUKxi MvUv

BZ¨vw`| GQvov KwÎg isI e¨envi Kiv hZ cvi|

gvwUi Kv‡Ri Uzj&m

cvU w`‡q cyZzj •Zwi

cvU mvbvwj Auvk wnme cw_exZ cwiwPZ| cvU `bw›`b KvR hgb e¨envi Kiv nq Zgb mwLb wRwbm,

Ljbv, Ni evwo mvRvbvi DchvMx AbK wKQzZI e¨envi Kiv nq| MªvgxY Rxeb ïay bq kni RxebI

cvUi e¨envi h_ó cwigvY| evsjv`ki cÖvq me RjvZ Kg ewk cvU Drcv`b nq| ZvB wkï`iK cvUi

h_vh_ e¨envi Kkj AvqË Kiv cÖqvRb| cvUi Zwi cyZzj mKji KvQ LyeB wcÖq| wkïiv cvU w`q cyZzj

Zwi Ki AbK Avb›` cvq|

cvU w`‡q cyZzj •Zwi

cyZzj ‣Zixi cÖwµqv

cÖ_g dvjv dvjv Ae ̄vq gvUvgywU 4 mwg. e¨vmi GK MvQv cvU wbb| wPiæwb w`q cvUi MvQvwU AuvPwoq

mgvb I gmY Kiæb| MvQi mePq gmY AskUzKy eQ wbq Ggbfve KvUzb hvZ 38 mwg. j¤̂v _vK|

cvUi Auvk hvZ Gjvgjv bv nq mfve ivLyb| Gevi mvgvb¨ cvU nvZ wbq nvZi Zvjyi mvnvh¨ eji gZ

Kiæb Ges cvUi Auvk w`q cuwPq ejwU k³ Ki euvayb| ejwUi e¨vm hb AvovB mwgt Gi gZ nq|

AuvPovbv cvUi MvQv nvZ wbb Ges wVK gvSLvb m~Zv w`q KqKwU cu¨vP w`q k³ Ki euvayb| cvUi

MvQvwU euvavi mgq wbPi Ask nvZi gyVvq ai Dcii Aski Auvk¸jvi Pvwiw`K mgvbfve Qwoq w`b|

Qovbv Avuki wVK gvSLvb cvUi ejwU iL Auvk¸jv Avevi GKÎ Ki eji Mv Num eua w`b| Gevi GB

Ask ev nvZi gyVvq wbq Aci Aski Auvk¸jv Pvwiw`K Qwoq w`q eji Dci wbPi w`K Nywiq Avbyb|

Lqvj ivLeb eji Pvwiw`wK cvUi Auvk hb mgvbfve Uvb I gmY nq em| Gevi eji wVK wbP iwOb

m~Zv cuwPq w`b| 1 mwg. gZ RvqMv cuPvbv nj k³ Ki eua w`b|

m~Zv euvavi ci wbPi Lvjv cvUi MvQvi ỳw`K _K wKQz wKQz Auvk wbq miæ ỳwU eYx cvwKq w`b| GK

GKwU eYx 6 mwg. Ki j¤̂v nj eYxi wbP iwOb m~Zv cuwPq euvayb| GB euvabi wbP 1 mwg. cwigvY cvU

iL evowZ Ask KU djyb| GB ỳwU eYx ne cyZzji nvZ| GLb evwK cvUi h gvUv MvQv _vKjv Zv

wbPi w`K mgvb Ki KU w`b| `Leb cyZzji Av`j Gm MQ| gv_vi Dcii KvRi Rb¨ Avjv`v wKQz

cvU wbq eYx Ki gv_vi Dci wVK gvSLvbUvq myB-m~Zv w`q mjvB Ki AvUwKq w`b| eYx hb gv_vi

ỳcvk mgvbfve Szj _vK| cyZzj PvL I gyL iwOb myZv w`q mjvB Ki w`b| `Leb GKwU my›`i cyZzj

nq MQ|

cv‡Ui iwk w`‡q †Uwej g¨vU •Zix

AvU-`k nvZ j¤̂v GKMvwQ miæ cvUi iwk wbb| iwki e¨vm gvUvgywUfve 4 wgwjwgUvi nj fvj nq| cvUi

iwk GK gv_v ai Nywiq cuwPq QvU GKwU PvKwZ Ki myB-m~Zv w`q mjvB Ki w`b| Ggbfve mjvB

Kieb hvZ m~Zv PvKwZi Dci ev wbPi w`K _K `Lv bv hvq| Gfve µgvMZ cwuPq I mjvB Ki 15

mwg. cvUi iwk w`q Uwej g¨vU Zwi e¨vmi GKwU PvKwZ Zwi Kiæb| PvKwZi Pvicvk bK&kv Kivi Rb¨

µgvMZ `woZ fuvR/XD Zzj mjvB Kiæb| Gfve Pvwicvk XD Zvjv kl nj `woi kli gv_vwU

Ggbfve mjvB Ki w`b hvZ cvUi Auvk ei nZ bv cvi|

†LRyi cvZv, bvwi‡Kj cvZv I wW‡gi †Lvmv w`‡q wkíKg© •Zwi

†LRyi cvZv, bvwiKj cvZvI wWgi Lvmv Kviæwkí GKwU wekl ̄vb `Lj Ki AvQ| G welq¸jv

KviæwkíB ïay bq mbvZb wkíi HwZn¨ enbKvix GKwU gva¨g| Gme mvgMÖx w`q ZwiKZ wkíi mv_

Avgiv mKjB cwiwPZ| mbvZb wkíi HwZn¨ wUwKq ivLZ G mei ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg|

bvwi‡Kj cvZv w`‡q †Ljbv Nwo I Pkgv •Zwii c×wZ

Avgv`i `ki cÖvq me©ÎB bvwiKj MvQi WMvi wbPi w`Ki cvZv mvaviYZ GKUz gvUv I cyiæ _vK| H

cvZv WMv _K Qvwoq wbq gvSLvbi kjvwU Avjv`v Ki cvZvwUK ỳwU fvM fvM Ki wbZ ne| ci H

cvZvi Mvovi w`Ki I AvMvi w`Ki wKQz Ask KU KvRi mvBR Abyhvqx Ki wbb| wPÎi gZ cvZvi wKQz

Ask KU fuvR Ki eo j¤̂v Aski mv_ mshvM Ki w`b| mshvM ¯j cvZvi eo Ask fuvR Ki wØZxq

Aski wfZi XzwKq Pvc w`q fuvR Ki w`b| `Leb Nwoi gZ nq MQ| cÖqvRb gZ cvZv iL evwK

Ask KU djyb| mvaviYZ ZZxq kÖwY _K wkÿv_©xiv G aibi KvR Af¨¯Í nq| bvwiKj cvZv w`q

Pkgv ZwiI GKwU gRvi welq| Nwo ZwiZ hviv Af¨¯Í Zviv AwZ mnRB Pkgv Zwi KiZ cvie| Nwo

Zwi Ki nvZi KwâZ jvMvbvi Rb¨ cvZvi j¤̂v AskUzKz Dëv w`K Nywiq w`j Pkgvi gZ ỳwU MvjvKvi

ic be| ci MvjvKwZi ỳÕcvk ỳwU bvwiKj cvZvi kjv KvMR wcb jvMvbvi gZ wQ ª̀ Ki XzwKq w`jB

Pkgv Zwi nq hve|

†LRyi cvZv w`‡q cvwU •Zwii c×wZ

LRyi MvQ evsjv`ki cÖvq me RvqMvq cvIqv hvq| hkvi Ges dwi`cyi Rjvq LRyi MvQ ewk Rb¥|

hkvi I dwi`cyi Rjvi jvKiv LRyi cvZv w`q cvwU I gv ỳi Zwi Ki _vK| G gva¨g KvR Kij

cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq wk¶v_©x cÖv_wgK wk¶v kl Ki KD KD A_© DcvR©b KiZ mÿg ne| cÖ_g Aí KqwU

cvZv w`q wb¤œi c×wZ Abyhvqx eybb ïiæ Kiæb| hnZz cvZvi `N ©̈ Kg mnZy GK aviv c×wZZ eybb

fvj| eybb ïiæ Kivi ci gvSLvbi wPKb WuvUvUv Qvwoq cvZv¸jv ỳfvM fvM Ki wbb| Gevi GKwU cvZv

Dci Ges GKwU cvZv bxP w`q ch©vqµg cvZv Rvov w`q eybZ _vKzb| Gfve GKwU evbv nj GKwUi

mv_ Avi GKwU Rvov w`q cvwU Zwi Ki djyb|

wW‡gi †Lvmv w`‡q cyZzj •Zwii c×wZ

GKwU wWg cwi®vi Ki ayq wbb| cyZzj evbvbvi Rb¨ nuvmi wWg nj fvj nq KviY nuvmi wWgi Lvjm

Zzjbvg~jK k³| wWgi miæ gv_vi w`K Lye mveavb GKwU wQ`ª Ki wfZii Kzmyg I jvjv ei Ki Avbyb|

ci cvwb XywKq wfZiUv fvj Ki ayq ïwKq wbb| Gevi GK LÛ k³ KvMR w`q 25/30 mwg. e¨vmi eË

AuvKzb| eËi iLv eivei KuvwP w`q KU GKwU PvKwZ Zwi Kiæb| PvKwZwU mgvb wZb fvM fvM Ki GK

LÛ KU wbq PvLv gv_vUv mvgvb¨ KU dj mvRv ỳB wKbviv GKwUi Dci GKwU Zzj AvVv w`q Rvov

w`b| KvMRwU GKwU PvOvi gZ ne| PvLv gv_vwU wWgi Lvjki wfZi XywKq cvZjv KvMR w`q PvOi

mv_ wWgwU AvVv w`q jvwMq w`b| wWgwU hb PvOi gv_vq mvRv em _vK| Gevi wWgi Lvjki Dci

cyZzji PvL, gyL, bvK, Kvb, Pzj GuK w`b|

evW© KvMRi PvOi Dci cyZzji Mjvq gvjv I cvkvK GuK A_ev Avjv`v Kvco w`q cvkvK Zwi Ki

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gva¨g¸jv nQ -

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Shape রংKiæb

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