Www.earthobservations.org SDCG-4, Pasadena, CA/USA September 4-6, 2013 SDS-4 Session 2 Mission updates ALOS-2 JAXA Masanobu Shimada

www.earthobservations.org www.gfoi.org

SDCG-4, Pasadena, CA/USASeptember 4-6, 2013

SDS-4 Session 2Mission updates

ALOS-2

JAXA

Masanobu Shimada



Mission <ALOS-2> Launch and commissioning

• Status / launch date:– Satellite assembly in progress, PALSAR-2 on ground test, satellite-

ground facility interface test, on-schedule.– Targeting Early 2014 launch

• Commissioning Phase duration– Six months after the launch (initial mission check + Initial CALVAL)

• Expected timing to enter operational status– 7th month after the launch

• Expected life time– 7 years

• Data policy (if known): not decided yet.• Any other info: 379 PIs for ALOS-2 research announcement



Mission Objectives of <ALOS-2> Acquisition strategy

• Disaster Monitoring• - quick access to damaged areas and continuous

monitoring• - InSAR for deformation• Land Monitoring

• - generate systematic archive• - sea ice monitoring

• Agricultural Monitoring• - evaluation of irrigated rice fields

• Natural Resource Exploration• - detecting oil slick over sea • - analysis of geology and topography

• Global Forest Monitoring• - deforestation monitoring

• Potential Use• - maritime safety



Mission <ALOS-2> Acquisition strategy

• Capacity to accommodate GFOI acquisition requests (in accordance with Baseline Strategy [Element-1] Implementation Plan)

• Capacity to augment plan “on the fly”– Twice a year global coverage by 10m Dual (28MHz) Strip and more

frequent ScanSAR (350km) Dual observations are mostly used for quick-monitoring.

• Technical constraints (recorder capacity, downlink, etc.): – Availability of DRTS for one year after the launch– Continuous Downlinking using the Svalbird Ground station



Mission <ALOS-2> Data processing

• Processing levels : L1.1(SLC-IEEE), 1.5(geocoded amp, 16bit-amp), 2.1(Ortho-16bits-amp), 3.1(noise reduced)

• Data formats: CEOS/GEOTIF– http://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/ALOS-2/en/doc/format.htm

• Means for data distribution:– AUIG-2 based ordering and distribution, primary FTP down

loading and exceptionally DVD distribution


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L-band SAR antenna X-band downlink antenna

Solar Arrays

Data relay antenna

Specification

ALOS-2 satellite

L-band SAR (PALSAR-2)

Stripmap: 3 to 10m res., 50 to 70 km swathScanSAR: 100m res., 350km/490km swathSpotlight: 1×3m res., 25km swath

Orbit

Sun-synchronous orbitAltitude: 628kmLocal sun time : 12:00 +/- 15minRevisit: 14daysOrbit control: ≦+/-500m

Life time 5 years (target: 7 years) Launch JFY2013, H-IIA launch vehicle

Downlink

X-band: 800Mbps(16QAM)400/200Mbps(QPSK)Ka-band: 278Mbps (Data Relay)

ALOS-2 in-orbit configurationALOS-2 in-orbit configuration

XY

Z

Experimental Compact InfraRed Camera (CIRC) SPace based Automatic Identification

System Experiment(SPAISE2)

Phase D


Data Analysis System(Cal/Val, Algorithm development, Science)

USB （ TLM,RNG ）

Antennaprediction

RNG

USB （ CMD,RNG ）

USB （ TLM,RNG ）X （ Mission ）

USB（ CMD,RNG ）

USB （ TLM,RNG ）X （ Mission ）

USB（ CMD,RN

G ） Ka （ CMD,RNG ） Ka （ TLM,RNG ）

Ka （ Mission ）

CMDCMDCMDCMD

TLM

Katsuura JAXA GN

GPS data

Observation Request

USER Observation Request

Product

Observation Request

Product

Trajectory information

Level 0/1 data

Mission data

Svalvard (KSAT)(Back up)

Ground station ofother organization


X （ Mission ）

Satellite Control & Mission Operation System

ALOS-2

Antennaprediction

Antennaprediction

Antennaprediction

Flight Dynamics System

Data relay satellite

Calibration coefficient ,Algorithm

Level 0/1 data

Other Space Agency

Information System(Tasking, Collection, Processing, Exploitation and Dissemination)

Hatoyama(Back up)

X（ Mission ）

JAXA SN(Tsukuba, Hatoyama)

： ALOS-2 system

： Tracking network

Antennaprediction


ALOS-2 Ground System

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PALSAR-2 Specification

Mode Spotlight Ultra FineHigh

sensitiveFine

ScanSARnominal

ScanSARwide

Bandwidth 84MHz 84MHz 42MHz 28MHz 14MHz 28MHz 14MHz

ResolutionRg×Az ：

3×1m3m 6m 10m 100m(3 looks) 60m(1.5 looks)

SwathRg×Az ：25×25km

50km 50km 70km350km5scan

490km7scan

Polarization SP SP/DP SP/DP/FP/CP SP/DPNESZ -24dB -24dB -28dB -26dB -26dB -23dB -23dB

S/ARg 25dB 25dB 23dB 25dB 25dB 20dBAz 20dB 25dB 20dB 23dB 20dB 20dB

Spotlight : Detail observation of damaged area Ultra Fine: High Resolution map (Japan area baseline)High sensitive: Flood / Coast monitoringFine: Global observation (deformation/forest)ScanSAR nominal : ScanSAR InSAR (28MHz)ScanSAR wide: Ice monitoring, Ship detection

SP : HH or VV or HV , DP : HH+HV or VV+VH , FP : HH+HV+VH+VV , CP : Compact pol (Experimental mode)


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Global Observation by ALOS seriesFrom experiences of the ALOS operation, a

systematic observation strategy to achieve consistent data acquisitions in time and space was crucial


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Systematic Observation strategies (Basic Observation Scenarios) have been developed and implemented by JAXA for 20 years:

• JERS-1 SAR (1995-1998: Pan-tropical, Pan-boreal)• ALOS PALSAR (2006-2011: Global)• ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 (Under development.: Global)

Basic Observation Scenario(BOS)



Basic Observation Scenario (Global)

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•Descending acquisitions (noon, ~12:00)- To observe globally with Stripmap (3m) mode once per

three years- To observe Wetland and Forest with ScanSAR mode - To observe Deformation and Forest with successive two

cycles for INSAR application

•Ascending acquisitions (midnight, ~24:00)- To observe globally with Stripmap (10m) mode twice a

year- To observe polar region with ScanSAR mode more than

twice a year to cover summer/winter times. Antarctica will be observed by left look to cover higher latitude.

- To observe globally with Stripmap (6m Quad pol) mode once per four years

- To observe supersites with Stripmap (6m Quad pol) mode every year

•Descending acquisitions (noon, ~12:00)- To observe globally with Stripmap (3m) mode once per

three years- To observe Wetland and Forest with ScanSAR mode - To observe Deformation and Forest with successive two

cycles for INSAR application

•Ascending acquisitions (midnight, ~24:00)- To observe globally with Stripmap (10m) mode twice a

year- To observe polar region with ScanSAR mode more than

twice a year to cover summer/winter times. Antarctica will be observed by left look to cover higher latitude.

- To observe globally with Stripmap (6m Quad pol) mode once per four years

- To observe supersites with Stripmap (6m Quad pol) mode every year


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Basic Observation Scenario(BOS)

Acquisition ConceptsSpatial and temporal consistency over continental scales at fine resolutionAdequate revisit frequency (including INSAR) Accurate timing Consistent sensor configurationLong-term continuity

The observation strategy of PALSAR-2 aims to provide spatially and temporally consistent, multi-seasonal global coverage, on a repetitive basis during the life-time of the ALOS-2 satellite.

GoalComprehensive and homogeneous global archive of

PALSAR-2 data



Japan BOS

• To meet requirements from a large number of domestic organisations and user groups

• Covering all Japan land and sea territory

Global BOS

• Global observations over all land areasat least semi-annual (dual-season)at least dual-polarisation

• Higher temporal repeat frequency for specific applications (e.g. crustal monitoring; volcanoes; agriculture; wetlands; deforestation hotspot regions; etc.)

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Japan and global BOS



Global land areas – baseline mapping

Temporal repeat: 2 cov/year

GSD: 10 m

Mode: Stripmap Dual-pol (HH+HV)

Prio 1Prio 2


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Global land areas – VHR mapping

Temporal repeat: 1 cov/ 3 years

GSD: 3 m

Mode: Stripmap Single-pol (HH or HV) (TBD)

Prio 1Prio 2


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Global land areas – Quad polarimetry

Temporal repeat: 1 cov/ 5 years

GSD: 6 m

Mode: Stripmap Quad-pol (HH+HV+VV+VH)


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Forest monitoring

Temporal repeat: 2-6 cov/year (tropics 6 cov)

GSD: 10 m

Mode: Stripmap Dual-pol (HH+HV)


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Wetlands & Rapid deforestation monitoring


GSD: 100 m

Mode: ScanSAR 350km Dual-pol(HH+HV)


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Crustal Deformation

Temporal repeat: 2-6 cov/year & 9 cov/year

GSD: 10 m & 100 m

Mode: Stripmap Dual-pol (HH+HV) & ScanSAR 350km (HH+HV)


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Polar Ice


GSD: 100 m

Mode: ScanSAR (HH or HH+HV) (TBD)

Right lookLeft look


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Observation pattern for annual acquisitions *

10m DP (HH+HV) 6m QP (HH+HV+VV+VH) 3m SP (HH or HV)

100m WB (HH+HV) 100m WB (HH+HV) 100m WB HH+HV 350km (Right) 490 km (Right)

490km (Left)* 3m SP and 6m QP modes require 3 and 4 years for

global coverage


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Documents

Www.earthobservations.org SDCG-4, Pasadena, CA/USA September 4-6, 2013 SDS-4 Session 2 Mission updates ALOS-2 JAXA Masanobu Shimada