www.tst-conference.org

October 10-13, 2012, Katowice - Ustron, Poland

12th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE

Wolfgang Niebel1, Oliver Bley², Rüdiger Ebendt1

1German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Transportation Systems²Technical University Braunschweig, Germany

Evaluation of Microsimulated Traffic Light Optimisation Using V2I Technology

www.tst-conference.org

Institute of Transportation Systems > Aerospace technology for road and railwayEvaluation of Microsimulated Traffic Light Optimisation > 19 April 2023 > 2

German Aerospace Center

• Aeronautics, Space, Transport, Energy

• 7,000 employees• 29 institutes, 13 sites• TS Dept.: Automotive,

Rail, Traffic Management

Köln

Lampoldshausen

Stuttgart

Oberpfaffenhofen

Braunschweig

Göttingen

Berlin-

Bonn

Trauen

Hamburg

Neustrelitz

Weilheim

Bremen-

www.tst-conference.org

Institute of Transportation Systems > Aerospace technology for road and railwayEvaluation of Microsimulated Traffic Light Optimisation > 19 April 2023 > 3

Global Goals Criteria Measures Method & ProcedureM: QA QM CBA

P: HBS PI EWSMobility Travel Time s; min; h x

Delay Time / Stop Time x x x Number / Percentage of Stops n / % x x

Environment Friendliness

Pollutant Emissions (Nox, CO, HC, PA) g; t xClimate Gas CO2 g; t x

Fuel Consumption l; kg; MW x Noise Emissions db(A) x

Resource Efficiency Building / Acquisition Costs € x Operating + Maintenance Costs € x Occupancy Rate n; % x x

QA: qualitative assessmentQM: quantitative measurement(s)CBA: Cost-Benefit-Analyses

Evaluation Framework

• Ranking alternatives; do vs. do nothing

www.tst-conference.org

Institute of Transportation Systems > Aerospace technology for road and railwayEvaluation of Microsimulated Traffic Light Optimisation > 19 April 2023 > 4

Evaluation Procedures

• LoS (HBS): single criterion

• bi-critera

Criterion

Level of Service

Average waiting time w [s] Percentage of unstopped vehicles [%]

public transport

bikes pedestrians* motor vehicles (uncoordinated)

motor vehicles (coordinated)

A ≤ 5 ≤ 15 ≤ 15 ≤ 20 ≥ 95B ≤ 15 ≤ 25 ≤ 20 ≤ 35 ≥ 85C ≤ 25 ≤ 35 ≤ 25 ≤ 50 ≥ 75D ≤ 40 ≤ 45 ≤ 30 ≤ 70 ≥ 65E ≤ 60 ≤ 60 ≤ 35 ≤ 100 ≥ 50F > 60 > 60 > 35 > 100 < 50* supplementary 5 s when crossing a divisional island

][ ,

,,,,

i zzi

i zzizis

i zzizi

P

PsGPwPI

i: node sections (1..4)z: transport modes (4)w: waiting time [s]s: # of stops [-]P: vehicles * occupation [-]Gs: weight of stops (60) [-]

www.tst-conference.org

Institute of Transportation Systems > Aerospace technology for road and railwayEvaluation of Microsimulated Traffic Light Optimisation > 19 April 2023 > 5

Microscopic Traffic Simulation

• TSS AIMSUN 6.1.3• V2I functions via API (*.csv, *.jar files)• 7 vehicle types, , , 6:00-22:00 à 15min

Node K061

100 m

Node K047

Node K046

ADT≈35,000

© Google2011

www.tst-conference.org

Institute of Transportation Systems > Aerospace technology for road and railwayEvaluation of Microsimulated Traffic Light Optimisation > 19 April 2023 > 6

Optimisation Scenarios

• Test 7: difficult lateral control simulation

Scenario Applied Traffic Control C2I Vehicle Penetration Rate

Tailback Estimation & Forecast

Vehicle Approach Control

Status Quo Fixed Time0% Test 1 TRANSYT optimised

Test 2 Signal Program OptimiserTest 3 Signal Program Optimiser 5%

detectors + vehicle data

Test 4 Signal Program Optimiser 15%Test 5 Signal Program Optimiser 25%Test 6 Signal Program Optimiser 35%Test 7 Signal Program Optimiser

35%+lateral control

Test 8 TRANSYT optimised Test 9 Signal Program Optimiser

www.tst-conference.org

Institute of Transportation Systems > Aerospace technology for road and railwayEvaluation of Microsimulated Traffic Light Optimisation > 19 April 2023 > 7

Evaluation Results I

• PI Status Quo

www.tst-conference.org

Institute of Transportation Systems > Aerospace technology for road and railwayEvaluation of Microsimulated Traffic Light Optimisation > 19 April 2023 > 8

Evaluation Results II

• PI Test 3• K47 (central )• 5% rate (2,550

vehicles)• int: Δ=[9%..-24%]• 16h: 7165 -≙

9%

www.tst-conference.org

Institute of Transportation Systems > Aerospace technology for road and railwayEvaluation of Microsimulated Traffic Light Optimisation > 19 April 2023 > 9

Evaluation Results III

• Telematics Cost examples for CBA– OBU/RSU

• 2,000€ @ year 1 5%≙• 500€ @ year 10 35%≙• 10 years usage• 3..5 applications

– Traffic light equipment: 25,000€ 50€ * 2,550 veh + 2,500€ 130,000€ p.a.

www.tst-conference.org

Institute of Transportation Systems > Aerospace technology for road and railwayEvaluation of Microsimulated Traffic Light Optimisation > 19 April 2023 > 10

Transferability

• EU-FP6 project HEATCO• monetising rate examples

• 130,000€ p.a. 19h business travelling/day≙• 130,000€ 42t NOx≙

NOx [€/t] Time [€/h business traveller]

Poland 3,000 12.87

Czech Republic 3,200 14.27

Slovakia 4,600 12.36

Germany 3,100 27.86

www.tst-conference.org

Institute of Transportation Systems > Aerospace technology for road and railwayEvaluation of Microsimulated Traffic Light Optimisation > 19 April 2023 > 11

Acknowledgements

The KOLINE project was granted by the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi) according to a decision of the German Federal Parliament within the 3rd transport research framework “Mobility and Transport Technologies”.

Further project partners:•Institut für Automation und Kommunikation e.V. Magdeburg (ifak),•Institute of Control Engineering TU Braunschweig,•Transver GmbH Munich,•Volkswagen AG Wolfsburg (VW)