XIII. A Dfcription of Five Brit$ Species of Orobanche. By :be Rev. Charles Sutton, B. D. A. L. S. late Frliow of 5'1. John's CofZege, Cambridge.

Read December 5 , 1797.

ROM the defire of exciting a more accurate inveltigation and F defcription than has hitherto been made of the feveral fpecies of Orobnncbe, both Britiih and Foreign, 1 t ranl~ni t to the Society a defcription of thole which are found in the county of Norfolk : I h a l l premife only a ihort obfervation or two upon their general habit and manner of growth.

T h e firR thing that is apt to firike us with refpecCt to thefe plants, is, that they are ParaJfic; b u t they are not altogether fo, like the fcvcral fpecies of Epiciendrum, Vilcum, &c. They acquire fuite- nance and itability not only from the folter-plants to which they are attached, but alfo, and that in no h a l l degree, from the foil, into which they faid forth radical fibres.

All the lpecies exhibit an ungraceful formality from the defeEt of leaves, and have their furface more or lefs befet with minute pellucid glanduliferous hairs, which projecct perpendicularly frorn the ftems, Equamz, bratlea, calyces, corollz, and are fometinies found within the flowers, upon the very fiamina and pifiilla : thefe, according to the remarks of Guettard, have cach an articulation a t

the

I 74 Rev. A h . S U T T O ~ ' S Dej&lptim of

t h e diftaiice of about two-thirds from their bare, and are tipped with a globular fort of cup, bearing a vii'cid glcind : we may fuppoie them to be intended to carry off fecretions, and to anfwer t h e pnrpdes of leaves in performing the office of r efpir ation, &c. It is to the vola- tility o f thefe fecretions tha t we are to attribute the difficdty of preicrvinq living ipecimens for any length of time, and the haxila ungracious appearance they affume in an herbarium.

T h e y emit no {me11 ( I fpeak of thot'e only which I am about to clei'cribe), have an acrid aftringent tafie, and are rejec'ted by all kinds of animals, esccpt the minuter tribes of Ciniices and Thripbs.

T h e y are ncotylcdoris ; for, when a feed has attached itfelf to the root of any liviiig plant, to which it is iuked by its nature to adliere'; it fweIIs into a pdlucid fqnamofe gtm or bulb ; and,.aEeRr throwhg oiit around the point of adhetion feveral tender fibres, it puflies u p at once into a perf& plant, without any lateral lobes or cotyle- dons; developinq firR the fqluarnz and then the fialk, with a capi- tulum of flowcIs conccaled by braAex, in form rei'embling a young head of aiparagus : t h e floivcrs afterwards expand in C u c d o n up- wards, and tlie capitulum becomes a {pike. See Tab . xvii. fig. I and 2.

-Adanion has clalfed this genus among his monocotyledons. Notwithfiandinq what has been faid of the I m e f d n e f s of the

Orobnnrhe, t h a t it deitroys the plants which fecd it, I have had no esperience of the fac't : to me it has ever Ceemed to

6' Grow with their groH t l i , and itrengtlien with their ftrength."

Dr. \I'illiam Turncr, one of our earlkfi and niofi judicious herbalifis, has gi\,cn us the following account of i t : he calls it Choke-wed , and fays, '' It is calIeti about Morpetli in Northumber- land ( the place of h i s nativity) Nave Chappel Flower, becaufe i t

6 qrewe

p y r e in a chappel there, in a certaine place called Bottell-bankes, whereas the unlearned people dyd worihyppe the image of St. Marye, arid’reckwed that the herbe genre in that place by the vertue of that image.--Belides it t h a t Diofcorides wryteth, I have marked myfelfe that this herbe growethe muche aboute the rootes of tx-oorne, ye whych it clafpeth aboute with certaine lyttel rootes on everye fideIyke a dogqc holdying a bone in his mouth: notwith- itanding I have not k e n any broome choked with this herbe, howebeit I have k e n the herbe called threele~red gr.iKe or claver utterly firangled, a1 the natural juice clene drawne oute by thys h cr be.’’

It is nut improbable that more than one {pecks is included in this account, for which reaCon I have given the extra&, arid that the a Choke-weed” of t he clover may be different from the ‘‘Choke-weed” of the broom, and that the “ Newe Chappel Flower” difiin& from both, may Ix: a {pecks not yet defined Be this fo or not, it will at leaf3 be worth while to make further re- fearches, and inve#&ate whatlrnay yet remain ; in particular to make enquiry after tha t which Mr. Curtis {peaks of, on the information of Mr. Thomas White, as gi-owiiig upon walls in Pembrokefhire and the decayed floor of an old cafile; for none of thofe with which we are at prefent acquairitcd are found in iuch fituations.

* Cud& @adrlrt;l;l.

I. OROBANCRE m4or.

Caule fimpl icifi mo. Corol lis quadr i ficlis, in fl at is. S taminibu s inferne nudis. Stigmate bilobo, lobis diltantibus. Sty lo fupernZ pubercente.

9. major, caule Gmpliciffinio pubefcen te, ltaminibus fubexfertis. Curtis Fl. Lord. fofc. 4. tnb. 44.

0. m+r,

176 Rev. A!r. S U T T O N S DeJr;Ption of

0. nirljor, 7fitbcr1'ng Bot. Arr. 3d edit. p. 5 j7. 0. 717Lljur, item fimplc, corolla inflated ; its upper lip undivided ;

lower in three equal feqmcnts. Stamina fmooth. Style downy. Smith in Eq/. Bst. tilb. 421.

\

Rnd& crama, carnda, interdhm bulbofa, pcrennis, parafitica; radici l ignok Jprrrtii fiopat-ii, et uli6i.r uropei imprimis adhxrens ; radi- culis firnplicibus, fragilifimis initruEta ; plures erpittens caules. Caulis firnplicifiin us ereaus, carnofus, angulatus, pilofus *, craf- fitie digit& altitudinc lxda l i e t ultra, ex luteo fufcus, dilut; pur- puratceiis, iiluainis lanceolatis fijarfis, fub i'olo confertioribus. Fl:+ts {picati, piloii, fiitki, interdurn purpurai'centes, fiigmatibus flavis ; perfilte~itcs rigidi, fordid2-ferruginei. BraRm Gmplices, lanceolata, pilot&, floribus interdurn dongiores. Caljrx, yerian- thium iubzqiialc, yilofum, diphyllum, laterale foliolis profund2 bifidis, laciniis acutis inaqualibus.-Variat pcrianthio monophyllo quadrifido a p x t e poiteriori ufquc ad baGn partito. Corolla tu- buloi'~, qu;d:-ifida, pilohi, tub0 furi'iim iuflato, incurvo, dorro fubcarinato ; faux I alJti aperta ; lirnbus bilabiatus o b l i e t i den- ticulatus ; labium Ciiperius foi-nicatum, obtuliim, integrum, p a r h i reflexurn ; inferius trilohum, lobis fer? aqualibus, acutis, p h i - ufculis, intermedia dependelite. NeL'fariurn, glandulre + tres antic2 gel. tnin i i 11 Cer ta. St miina, fi 1 amen t a qua t uor f u b LI 1 at ;I, i'u per 11 i. pilola, infern; omnin3 nuda, canaliculata plana, duo br-eviora lateribus, duo longiora antica p x t i tubi ini'crta, dechrrentia, apice recurva ; antlierz didyinz:, altcro apice niucronatzc, ad-

* Si quns p1.intarum partes in his defcriptionibus uno verbo pi/dur vel pi/yGifiufur

t Sic Cmtis , & fic amicus noiter accuratifimus D. Rob. €3. Francis :-Ipfe autem

dixero, pilos gldndulifrros intellignt leaor.

pullurn offendi. hzrentes,

Five Brit9 Species of Ombarnhe. 3 13 7

hzrentes,-defloratre unQ cum flylo exfertx. PghZiwn, germcn oblongum, nitidum, pilofiufculum; itylus filiformis, pilofiufculus, apice pubekens, purpurafcens ; ftigma bilobum, lobis globofis, flavis, diltan tibus, medio trant'verd rimolum. Pel-icarpium, cap- M a ovato-obloaga, longitudinalit& dehifcens, unilocularis bi- valvis ; Seniina minuta, numerofa, fubturbinata, reticulato-cellu- lofa. Rcceptacula, quatuor linearia lateralia, adnata.

Floret Junio. 4

Habitat in dumetis fierilioribus, et in locis incultis-Thorp, Brook, Baconfihorp.

As this fpecies has generally pared for 0. tnojor, and has beeii figured and delcribed as fuch by the authors of the Fhra Londnt~s and Englfi Botany, I have retained that trivial name, though it is now fufpeAed not to be tha t of Linnzus, nor the 0. mojor GOYO. phyllutr olens, fo often mentioned, of C. Bauhin. Of the many fynonyms to 0. major, quoted by Reichard in ,edition of t he 9Jema P/mtaturn of 1780, vol. 3. p. 183, it' .is extremely difficult which to refer to our plant: we may fafely however exclude t h o k from Bauhin Prtl. 87.--Loefliug, p. 151, original edition,--and Pol- lich, No. 600. Dr. Withering, in his 3d edition of the Bot. Arrenge- tneni, has judiuoufly ewluded the long defcriytion of Loefling. I dare not quote any of his fynonyms, for want of fufficient marks of difcrimination: the figures h e refers to in MorriCon xii. 16. I. Ge- rard em. p. 1311, Clufius i. p. 270, Dodonzus p. 552, and Lobel Ic. ii. 89, are copies of each other, and, if mcairt for our plant, are very bad reprefentations of it. 1. Bauhin's ii. p. 780, is equally un- certain; tha t of Matthiolua p. 536, .copied in Gerard's Herbd, ~ f i edition, p. I 130, and tha t of Tubernmnontanal, p. 684, though nat fatisfaAory, are a gieat deal better.

voc. IV. A a 2. O R O -

Rev. Mr. SUTTON'S Dfcr+iotr cf

2. OROBANCHE claiwr. Tab. 17.

Caule fitnplicifimo.. Coiollis quadrifidis. Staminibus inferni pdofis. S t ip ia te obcordato. Sty19 fuyek2 glabro.

Radix przcedentis, radici lignbfz Centarrj-ecr Scabif& et Tryolii prdenJj imprimis adhzreris.. Cauh ' fk.Gedehtis, fed proderior. F/~res long; fpicati, piloG, pallid2 rubefcentes, venib' fzturatioribm '

. notati ; Aigmatibus flavis ; perfiltentes, rigid& fubsomprefi, ferrud ginei-centum et plures in eddem fpi& interdurn mumeravi. Brah'ece przcedentis. Calyx, perianthium abbreviatum, pilofum, monopt. lylhq quactrificiurn, p o d ufque ad baiin partittik, ~ B C ; fiii s 1 an cebh tis I ?cuminat tg, ~ t & u s i 3 4 f i e ~ ~ h s div ar ic a t i s, longidculis ; IeviT?r *&tam, fo-didP afbum,' lids &In& ribris notaturn. Grolla'tubulofa, quadrifida, piIofa : tub0 cyiindraceo recurvo ; dorfo carinato ; faux aper'ta ; limbus bilabiatus, i o ~ q u a - lis, fimbriato-crifpus ; labium fuperihs rotundatum, ref! exum, in- tegrum; inferih trilobum ; lobis' qualibus, rotundatis. Nec- Iut'iunt, gIandulae quatuor nefiarifefae ad bafin filarnent'ckm'rr, t u b inhrt?. Stntm'na, fifamenta' quatu6r fubulata, antic; glabra, ndda, poitici: ad bafin pilofa, pilb non- glanddikis, duo breviora la- teribus, duo longiora, ahteriori' ' tubi parti inferta. Antherd didymae, a9tero apice mucx'onata?, levit& adhzrentes ; deff oratx una'cum ltylo cxfertz. Pgillum, gerineii ovatum, glabrum, nu- durn ; itylus glaber; nudus ; fiigma bilobum, obcbtdmin, flavum, medio tranfvers& rimofum. Pericarpirrrn, capfi$a ut congenerum. Sernina r q o f a , feu obfoletZ reticulata.

Flc~&t Julio, Augufio 2:

Habitat in agris Z?$h; p t e n J j s , non in feinatis anno; et in mar- 9 gin i bus

ginibus agrorum juxta Ccntnurear fcnbioJ;lm c t nkrm, ScabioJh nrvenjm, &c.-G un ton, Kelliiig , S heri ng h am, Cat t on, Co it eie y , in glareofis.

This is no uncommon plant: it has hitherto been conitantly confounded with the preceding; but though they are finiilar in general appearance, the difference betweeii them is very difcernible on a cloier infpe&ion ; and they who acknowledge thc force of that fentirnent of Linnaus, that “ minimis partibus per totum naturae cainpum certitudo omnis innititur, quas qui fugit paritir naturam fugit*,’’ will be ready to allow this to be a djfi ine fpecies. There is reafon to fuppofe it may have been noticed by Ray very early, though not particularly diRinguiihed by him ; for in his Hqoria Pluntatutn circa Cantabrigiom naJentium, printed in 1660, his firit w o ~ k in Botany, he fpeaks of having found the 0.florcmajore of j. B. “ i n a field of barley, on the right hand of the way between Cambridge and Grantchefter, all0 in 8 corn- field at, Cherrybinton,” places in which thid % very likely to be bwd, its’ it: grows among herbaceous plants, and never on the roots of broom or furze :-He adds, b b alfo at Gamlingay, growing at the roots of broom plenti- fully :” here he undoubtedly means our 0. major, for that is nil1 to be found there in abundance. In hi3 Catdogur Plantarum AngliH, pubiihed ten years afterwards, he notices them thus : 4‘ ad radices geniitae, interdurn et inrer fegetes.”

3. OROBANCIIE minor.

C or 01 1 i s q u ad r i fi d i s . C a11 1 e G m plic i fi m 0. S t am i y i bu s in fern i pilofis. Stigmate rctuio. Stylo iupern2 glabro.

Phihjpbia Botonica, p. 2 2 2 . under the 280th aphorifm : Fru&ficationis pirtcs f q i u conitantiifmas differentias fubminiftrant.

1

A a 2 0. major,

186 Rev. 'Ilr. SUTTON'S DeJccl-+tion of

0. mnjot, caule Gmplici, braateis lanceolatis, flore majorib

0. in4or p. minoribus floribus albidis, fpici denfiore.

0. flore minore, R. Syn. 3 edit. p. 288.* 0. miljor p H u g FLo. Angl. I edit. p. 232 ? 0. ramoja 0 HudJ, Flo. An& 2 edit. p. 266 1 0. mitlor. Stem fimple.'

Loefl. Planla. H@anica rariores, No. 3 5 . N a h Srirp.

. Helv. I edit. p. 610.

Corolla tubular; its upper lip undivided ; 1on.e.r in three curled fegments, of which the middle one is lobed. Stamina ciliated. Style iinooth.--Sm]ih in Engl. Bd. tab. 422.

Radix priorum, fquamis rarioribus ; radici lignoik Trfolii praienJs imprinrfs adhzrens. Cuuh 6-1 a pdlicaris, fimp\ici%mus, erec- tus , teretiufculus, pilocus, craffitie ferZ penna an€erinz, incarnat us, interdurn luteus, fquamofus, fquamis rarioribus-caules plurimi ititerdum aggregati. Flores fpicati, luteo-albidi, venis purpureis notati, pilofi-variant colore luno ;--perfifientes, rigidi, ferru- qinei ;-flos inferior fazpi? pedunculatus. Bru&Zee fimplices, lanceolatz, pilofz, ferP longitudine florum. Cdyx, penanthiurn fubaequale, cauli concolor, yilofurn, diph yllum, laterale, foliolis iiunc bifibis ; laciniis anguftiAhis inaequalibus ; nunc fimplicb bus lanceolatis, integris, vel u n o latere hcifis. Corolla tubulofa, quadriiida, pilofa ; tub0 cylindraceo, patente, incurvo ; dodo czrinato ; faux aperta ; limbus bilabiatus, inaequalis ; labium hperius rotundaturn, crenulatum, integrum ; inferius trifidum, laciniis zqualibus, rotundatis crenulatis-variat intermedia inter- durn trilobati. Nrthrium, glanduk quat uor crocatz nefiari- ferz ad bafin filamentorum. Stamina, filamenta quatuor fubu- lata, antic; glabra, nuda, poitic2 pilofa, pilis non glandiiliferis, duo breviora lateribus, duo longiora anteriori tubi parti inferta.'

Anther&

Five Brit@ Species of Orobancbe. I 8 r

&zthcra didymz, altero apice mucronatz --defloratae u n i cum flylo excerta. PIJlillum, germen ovato-oblongum, nudum ; Qp- l u s filiformis, fubnudus ; itigma retufum, margine dilatatum, purpureum, medio tranfvcrs? rimot-um, aliquando monitrofum evadit triangulare vel quadratum. Pericarpiurn, capftlla u t conge- nerum.

Digiiofcitur prima facie-a pracedente, calycc diphyllo variabili;

Setnina rugofa, vel obfolet? reticulata.

--a majore, corolli cyliiidrdceh ; -ab utrique, coroll2 minore.

Floret Julio, Augufio, Y vek 8 .

Habitat in agris ad radices Trfoliiprfiietfis, lion in fementis aniio; et in pafcuis inter Hypochm-in radicalam, &c.-Sheringbam, Weyborn, Eaton, Frettenham.

Having been favoured by the Prefident with a fight of the plants in the Linnzan herbarium, i t was with great pleafure I found there one of this fpecies: was idcribed by Linnzus, Orabanck major, anh was given him by Loefling ; moil probably i t was one of thofe from the King of Spain’s garden at Aranjuez, found at the roots of elms, which Loefling has defcribed among his Plant& Nf ian icd rariorcr. T h a t it forms a difiinA fpecies there can now be very litile doubt : the figure in Erg/@ B ~ i i l ~ is taken from one of my fpecimens-it rcprefents the calyx perfettly well, but not the ffig- mata. I t is frequently to be found with a much longer fpikc ; in which cafe the flowers are not only more numerous, but are much cloler fet than in the f i p r e . From its growing lo very copioufly among clover, I am of opinion it is the fame which Dr. Turner noticed as being lo pernicious to it. None of the other old Her- balifis have mentioned it, nor has it been introduced into any of our Britiih Floras, if we except HQdfon, ivho i s thought to have it in his

firit

firit edition of F14; Angl. ; but, from his uncertainty refpeAing it aftcrn.ard$, it ihould feem he took it up00 trufi from Dillenius, rather than from any knowlcdge he himfelf had of it. Dillenius, in liis edition of Ray’s Syizop@, fpeaks of its being found in a field of oats near Rochefier. I am at leait inclined to think fo, from a paffage in his N$oria Plunta- rum, vol. ii. p. I 227, where having dcfccribed the 0. majore flore J. B. he adds, ‘‘ 0. flore mindre J. B. adeo parhm differt a pracedente ut fpecie diverfum efTe inihi perfuadere vix poirum.”

i

It might pofibly be not unknown to Ray.

* * Corollis qu;nqueJiddiS.

4. OROBANCHE c m d e a .

Caule iubfimpIici. Corollis quipquefidis. Er@eis ternis. ~ a l y - ci bu s t u bul a t is, fein iq uid r i ficfis. -

0. iavis , Caule Gmplicifimo, l w i , fiaminibus exfertis, $J. Pknnt. ed. Reicbnrri. vo1. iii. p. I 83.

0. purpurajens, caule fitiiplicit~rno pubcfccntc ftamhibws inclufis. $j?. Nrit. ed. Guielin, p gj+ .

0. purpurcq, cwle Gmplicifimo pubcfceate fiqminibus inclufis. Jaquifi Fl9. A@. tnb, 2 7 6 . 4 b i d . enam, Viadol. O& 50.

0. caule iirnplici, fiipulk t e r q w calyce quinquefido. Hdlrl. sfirp. Helv. 2 edit. No. 294.

0. flor ibus coeruleis laxi fpicatia Gnzclin Flo, Sib. vol. iij. p . 2 I 5. tab. 46. fis. I.

0. cerult‘a, caule fimplici, baG bulboh, floribus numerolis incurLis. Villui-s Dough. 1101. ii, p . 406.

0. r m f u 13. 0, coerufea. Stem fimplc.

Ctiihering Bot. Arr. 3 edit. p. 558. Corolla tubular ; its upper lip cIoven

Stamina

R d i r

and notched, lower in three equal entire Cegments. ,frno&h. Brad3e.e threc, Smitb in EngL Bot, i d . 423.

Rltdix u t congcneniin ; radiculis d iverh-urn hcrbarum radices coiii- ple&entlbu$. . C'odLb 6-10 pollicnris, f i i b h p l e s , ereflus, figidus, pi l~f iulculus , p r h m flesuol'us, a lgulatus , i i ) b i i g d u s , c s luteo ol i vaceus, c r,a t.:e pen 11 z a h ie r i 11 re v cl c y g iI c s , ~q ti nmoiii s, fi 1 u J- h i s ovato-lance0 i . ati's. Fjorej la<; fl,icati ({pici obtufiutkrllli), . I

' dolacci, h i s fatqratioribus notati, levit6r pilofi, Aoribus iamo/a a A n k f e J inajores ; perfiitcotcs tortj, cumpi-cfi , icrnui, , . fufci- flos inferior izp2 pedueculatus. Bjr.aL7e'r~ ternre calyci vix q'i iales, d u ;c 1 ~t e t a1 e s i n teLi ore s 1 i n e a r i- I an ceol at ;e , i n termed i a e x t e I' io c

. ov'ato-Idri:Cedtat'a;)~ $o&, pics'' t;i'revi bus. Cu!y.r, pe ria'n t h i u III , rh'bh'dpP;'j.l! b m, ca u Ti' ' * con col or, ' t u b u 1 at u rn , Ce mi q'u acir i fidu'in, ' laciniis aqual ibus lkceolat is , acuminatis, pilofis,' CCI~II rudi-

mento q u i n t z ad' incifurani profundiorern poiticam ; interdum, fed rat%, ailcit quinquefidum cum rudimcnto i ex tz polticx. C b d h , f ingens quinqucfida, pilofa, calyce duplo longior, tub0 i 11 ie i m k t e r e ti , iil per n i. Ic n si m am pl i a t 0, c o m pre ffo- t r i a ng'u Ih r i ; d o d o acut; carha to , rnedio.'obtufiuCcul& incurvo ; faux dehifcens';. lirnbus t&bi&k' fubLkquali4 ; rabhm fufceri~s BIfiJum, laciniis obtufiufculis, reflcsk clcnticulatis, vcnis inajoribus in clctites eJuQis ; infeiihs trilobum, laciniis aqual ibus 'acutiufculis ; pala- t u m feelkcurn, pilis icilicet albis, non gILinJulifciis, adpreGs, tec- tuin. i%%ir-lNni fi uitra q u d i v i . St. im'i~, fifamenta quatuor filifbrmia, nuda, glatm, Vix recuksa, duo brei iora latcribus, dl10 lorigiora anteriori tub; parti. inferta. r l n l b e r L luteo-albiJs, COU-

11 i v e n t es in t r a 'fau ce tn --d e flora t 2 i 11 cl I I fx. P$$u nt, gcr m n ovnto-oblonguni, nucluni, Imt. ; ftylus filifoqis, incurvus, pilo- fiutculus ; I t i p n c;ipitnt uni, album, bilobum,, ncc rimol'uin, faucem cl aude n s . Yc'i.:'cat$iiitii, c a ptu I a . . ovato-oblonia , med io Cukat a, lon gi t u d i 11 a1 it P c de h i I'ccn s. Sem;jia , mi n 11 t a 11 u in c roili, ill b t u rbin at a, ' fe t i c u f ato- cell 'u lbfk

1 ' * '

I . . :. "-

, I

* - . '

Floret Julio x . €I,il)i t at-

Habitat inter gramina, in paicuis, et ad margines a g r o r u t r r Sheringham juxta mare, Beefion, et Northrepps.

W e are entered now upon a divifion of the genus in which the fpecies, befides having the upper lip of the corolla divided, differ in many reipeds from thoie in the lait : the fhape of the flower is no longer cylindrical ; the itamina are fhort aud .filiform, the ftigrna with no apparent tranlverfe fiffure, the calyx tubular, t he bra&ex. ternate, and the plants altogether lefs fucculent and perhaps lefs parai‘itic. T h e chara&er therefore being in general Co different, and more obvious rnarks of difcrimination prefenting themielves in this divifion, I pyefume a h a l l deviation from the form of the fpe- cific definitions before la$ down+yay ,be allowed.

T h e flem in t‘his Cpecics, though generally, is ~ o t always un- branched; the Rev. R. B. Francis of Holt has remarked to me, that, if mutilated, it will throw out lateral h o t s ; and I have ob- Cerved, that this is not the care with any of the three foregoing fpecies ; for i f t h e entire fpike of any of them is broken off, even a t an early period, thc fleiii decays ; and if g e a t part of it, only is broken 06 the work of nature is carried on in perfeo-ing’the feN flowers .that remain, on elongated foptfia1ks.-From this circurn- fiance, and from having all0 f e w ‘a perfefi fpeciinen tha t mas branched towards the bottom, I have been induced to define this fpecies Caulc Jiu@ipZici.

T h e little that was known of it in England, till lately, was from hlr. Pitchford’s fpecimm found in 1779, and Mr. Lightfoot’s (fee lfith. Bor. Arr. p. 558, and Engl. Bor. p. 1%) Being mofi allied to the mnioJa, it was taken at firlt for a variety of it, and deicribed as fuch in Withering, though with a very incorrefi reference to its hbila;. I n 1796 Mr. Scrimpihire found fevcrnl at Sheringham, a i d I found

a few

I

.; &w at the adjoining pari4h of Beeiton, one of which I peftmted ro the. Society in February M l t , g It feems to. have been more gehe- .rally found abrod, where it has ui'ually piTed for tha t unknqwn fpecies of Linnams, the 0, rimis; a miltake arifing, as I have been convince& by the Prefident, f w n a wrong appiication of fyrsonyms in the Specieh Plantmrm,-Ske the preced'ing paper.

5. Q A O B A N C H E t"7qzoJa.

C a d e ramofo: Corollis qu id tpdkh. Btaaeis ternis. CaZydibuh

0. ramofa, caule ramofo, corollis q&ilqueRdis.--Sy/r; Plant. e$.

0. caule ramob, gore quinquepartito.-Ho&, 2 eriir. M. 296. 0. ramoJa, cauIe fubramofo, coroTIis quinqiieGdis.-H*&n Fh.

0. ratnga. - Raii $?I. 3 edit. p . 28 8.* - tfli'b. 'Bat. AY. 3 rdit.

0. ramga, item generally branched, C o d a iv'ltx fid fe&&ts.

brav ib l~ s, p - o h nd& quddri fidik.

Reichord, p 184.-Polt;cb Flo. Pal. n. 60 I.

An-. 2 edit. p..266.

P* 55g*

--S?nitlJ in Ens/. Bct. tab, 184.

Radj, congenerum, anntia, vix i'quamofa, Cqnnnbis futiv@ raclicibtis caiileque imprimis implicita. Caulis 6- I 0 pollicaris, erec'tus, fu b flex u oiu s, t ere s, pi 1 o fu s, fu bl j gn o[u s, lu t eo -pu r p u r ai'cen s , c ra f- Gtre ferd p e n m anferim, b& r'mofus, rarrds c d e , brevioribus, Fquamofu.4, Gqufimis raris ovato-lanceolatis, citb fufccfcentibws ; interdurn fimplex. Flsres fpicati ({pica acuta) ex albido caerulei, venis cceruleis notati, pildi ; per'fitfentes declinati, tatK) fupernt cohapreffo, Infern2 ventricofioreb fufc,i-flos i a k h - rase pedun- d m s . nice=, eitb iufcefcentees, dwz laterites i n t e rb ra , lanceofatre acu-

\ 7 ~ ~ 8 . 1V. R b minatz,

BracZcm t e r n s breves, calyci vix q u a l c s , membra- ,

mi na tx, exterior ova to- I an cc ol at a, C L Z ~ . ~ , p e ria n t h i u i n in on oph y 1- lum, liyalinuni, diinidio coi-ollz brevior, fcilicet ad corolls lon- gitudineni in 1-atione 2 ad 5 ; latius e t profuiidius ad pofiicam quam ad aiiticam partem, ibiquc quain ad latera, incifum ; laciniis qua l ibus , lanccolatis, ricutis. Corofla ringens, quinquefida, pi- Ioh, tubo in fern? terete, Cupern? Cenfim arnpliato, compreCfo- trianguIai-i ; dodo carinato incurvo ; faux dehilcens ; liinbus b il a b i n t u s i n ;cq u a1 is ; 1 a b i u [n fii per iu s rot u n d :I t u m , b rev i 11 Tc ci 1 u m , bifidum edeiitatum, reflexurn ; inferius trilobutn, laciniis i-cqwili- bus, rotundatis, porrettis. Palaturn ex albido lutcum, pilis albidis no n gland u 1 i fe r is barb at u in. NeZi'fnrhni n u 11 u m . St am ha, fi 1 a in en t a przceden tis, pilofiufc u la, pu rpurafcen tia. Anthem. 1 u teo-albids, intra faucein te&z,-defloratx inclufis. P$2Zum, gerinen qua- drato-ovatum iiitidum, pilofiui'culum ; Stylus filiformis, incurvus, pilo fi u Cc 1.1 1 LI s , pu r p u i-a fce n s ; S t ig m a re t uiii i i i , ma rg i n e d i 1 at a t u rn , a1 bidunl , noii r i [no fu ni . Pei-icnrpizm , cap fu 1 a quadrat 0- ova t a, longitudinal i t?r de h Xcen s. 'S'eieminn m in u ta nu merofii, fub t urbi- nata, reticulato- cellulofa.

Floret Aiigufio, Septcmbri o. Dignofcitur a prxxedcnts - Spicis acutis; caule ct ramis parlim

fquamoGs ; calycillus braficiiilue dimidio corolla brevioribus ; tubo pofi florei'ceiitiam infern; globofo.

This fpecies was firit found in Norfolk, by hlr. Wodnrard, in the year 1785, in a hemp field at Broine. He found it again, Come time afterwards, in a fiinilar fituation, on the oppofite fide uf the river a t Metingham, near Beccles, in SuEolk-the place where it is reported to have been found, in the time of Dillenius, by Dr. James Sherdrd. I t grows alCo among the hemp at Outwell, in Eorfolk. The feeds of both were probably introduced into England together.

111

In the B o / a t ~ i d At rangemen: it. is faid to be found ‘c. in corn-fields and dry paftures ;” and in the Specie~-Pbhat~?rrpa, I F irp,ficcis.” LVe have known it foud&40,6t~jer than a very rich’, ligit, and moiit foil. It may be dohbted iv‘hether the 0. rat#@ of Oibeck, p. $8 of the driginal edition, and pa 78 of the En’g-liih tranflation, be the fame fpecies with ours, or not.

E X P L A N A T I O N OF T A B . XVII.

Fig. I, Reprdents a root of the f i fol ium praietfi in the fecond year of its growth.

2. An embryo plant of Orobanche minor-, attached firmly by its centre, which is a yellow pellucid gctn, covered with a few fquamac, to the root of the Trifolium, and throwing out fibres of a brownifh colour into the furrounding foil,

3. A young plant p l t men ma capitaurn, covered above the €urface of the earth with pellucid gIanduliferous hairs.

4. Orobanche eldor, in its natural fize. n. T h e {pike. b. T h a t part of the fieni which is found below the fur-

face of the earth. Note-a and b are not corre- i‘pondent parts. T h e intermediate part, which conneas the bottom of CI with the top of b, needs no figure for explanation ; it is ufually.about the length of b.

C . Part of the root of CentaurtafiobioSa, d. The corolla expanded. C. One of the fiami1ia.

B b 2 J ; The

$ The anthera magnified. g. ThepiQillutm. b. '-The lsma Comewhat magnified. i. A part of .the corolla in the form of a fquama fre-

qnantly remaining attached to the germen. j . The calyx. K, The bradkea.

XIV. Ac-