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Table of contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , i1i-Bibliography

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BlBibliographybliographybiographyBl . . . . . . iiii-

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aginableMarginal aobreviationsaobrevlationsabbreviations usedused-

Introduction. . . . . . . . . . iiiiliiiiI-

ntroductioniliI-

ntroductionIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-

Second

1-

SecondSecond Division ( Regular ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33-

TripTrip to the frontfront-Occupation

. 66-

OccupationOccupation of line . . . . . SgS-

JUNE

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UNEJUNE 2D TO JUNE 10TH10TH-

June

10TH-

June

10TH-

JuneJune 2d2 d . . . . . 1111-

JuneJune 33d3d-

June

. . . . . . . . . 1111-

JuneJune ll-thllth4th- . . . . 1111-

JuneJune 5th5th-

June

. . . . . . 1111-

JuneJune 6th6th-

June

. . . . . 1212-

JuneJune 7th7th-

June

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June

. . . . . . . 1616-

JuneJune 12th12th-

June

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JuneJune IJth13thItch . . . . . . . 1717-

June

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Comments

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.McClellan

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.McClellan

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McClellan

. Records of the Second DivisionDivision-regular Divi-sion Division-rlegular Divi-sion( regularrlegular.regular. ) in 28> volumes.volumesvolumes-

.Reliaolevol-

umesvolumes-

.Reliablevol-

umesvolumes-

.Reliablevol-

umes.

ReliaoleReliable and correct.correctoorrect.oorrectcorrect.-

"The

correct-

Thecorr-

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McClellan

.

McClellanMacmillan , Edwin N.NN-

.Official

U-

nofficial

N-

.Official

U-

nofficial

. "TheTheliThe" United States Marine Corps inin-the

in-ter

in-the

in-ter

in-the

in-terthe World War"War" . Washington , D.C.DCD.C-.Government

D.C-.Government

D.D. C.CC-

.Government.

Government Printing Office , 1920.19201920-

."Diary

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Official DocumentDocument-

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"DiaryDiary" of Fourth Brigade , MarineMarine-Corps

Main-topsMarine-

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CorpsMain-topsCorps , AM.AM. E.F.EF. . "" May 3030,1918301918, 1918 toto-

Juneto-

urneyto-

Juneto-

urneyto-

Juneto-

urneyJune JO30 , 1918.191819l9.1119l911. " MA"AA" Brief HistoryHistory-of

Histo-ryof the Sixth Regiment , United StatesStates-Marine

States-manlike

States-Marine

States-manlike

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States-manlikeMarine Corps"Corps" .

Thomas , ShipleyShirleyShipley-

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"HistoryHistory" of the A.E.F.AEFABEA.A. E . F.F. " New York ,George H.H. Doran Company 1920.19201920-

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"TheTheliThe" United States Marine Corps in thethe-World

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.!

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. , . . . . . . . . . " . . ' . .

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION-

Few

Introducti-

onFew American troops had arrived in France byby-

theb-

yteby-

theb-

yteby-

theb-

ytethe spring of 191251918 although we had contributedcontribucontribed money andand-

suppliesha-

ndspikes

and-

suppliesha-

ndspikes

and-

suppliesha-

ndspikessupplies freely.freely. The greatest need of the Allies waswas-

manpower

was-

manpower

was-

manpowermanpower , and gloomy indeed was their situation as GermanyGermany-

beganGerm-

anyGermany-

beganGerm-

anyGermany-

beganGerm-

anybegan the year with a firm determination to end the warwa-

rbefore

ca-refree

wa-

rbefore

ca-refree

wa-

rbefore

ca-refree

,

before America'sAmericas' manpower could enter the conflict.conflictconflict.-The

confli-ct

.

The German General Staff realizing the profoundprofound-

influenceprof-

oundprofound-

influenceprof-

oundprofound-

influenceprof-

oundinfluence the actual entry of American forces into combatcombat-

would

com-bat

combat-

would

com-bat

combat-

would

com-batwould have on the Allied morale , began their first ofof-

fensiveof-ofof-

fensiveof-

fensive¬-

fensivefestive on March 21 , 191319l91918 , against the British 5th ArmyArm-

yat

Ar-myat St.St. Quentin.Quentinuentin.uentinQuentin. This drive proved most successful for thethe-

Germans

ste-

ersmanthe-

Germans.

ste-

ersman(1)1( ) Battle , GermansGermans.,. (1)1(1)-

Before

(1)-p

1-p

( l )p 10

Before the Allies had fully recovered , a secondsecond-

offensivesecond-

offensivesecond-

offensiveoffensive was launched on April 2gth8thGoth> th against ArmentieresLamenters ,

culminating at Mt.Mt. Kemmel.KemmelKemfnel.KemfnelKennel. Again a huge salient waswa-

sdriven

ass-

ertivewa-

sdriven

ass-

ertivewa-

sdriven

ass-

ertivedriven into the Allied line.lineline.-

The

lin-net

line.-

The

lin-net

line.-

The

lin-net

.

The Germans now had twice struck terrific blowsblow-

sagainst

glos-

saristblow-

sagainst

glos-

saristagainst the Western Front and the Allies saved themselvesthemselves-

from

themsel-vesfrom complete disaster by a narrow margin.margin. OouldCouldGould thethe-

Germans

ste-

ersmanthe-

Germans

ste-

ersmanthe-

Germans

ste-

ersmanGermans launch another attack ? LudendorffEluded , early in thethe-

yearTh-

ayerthe-

yearTh-

ayerthe-

yearTh-

ayeryear , declared he expected to sacrifice 400,000400000, men durdur-dourdur-

ing

dur-

ing

dur-

ing

¬-ingKing the year and as yet he had suffered only about thatthat-

number

tan-

trumthat-

number

tan-

trumthat-

number

tan-

trumnumber in total casualties.casualties. Many of these would soon bebe-

again

ba-

rgainbe-

again

ba-

rgainbe-

again

ba-

rgain(2)2( ) HomeHorne , again available.available. Where would the next blow fall ? (2)2(2)-

Marshal2-

Marshal

(2)-

Marshal2-

Marshal

( )VolViol VI

J II-

t7Marshal FochOuch expectedexpeoted the next drive of thethe-

Germans

ste-

ersmanthe-

Germans

ste-

ersmani14I/II-

i/'

17t7.

'

, ,;

, . i Germans would be a thrust to Paris in the direction ofof-

Compiegne.

of-

Compiegne.

",

, "'-

t/t/t-I't-I

. .

;I'I' " Compiegne.CompiegneCampaigned. He , therefore , prepared a counterattackoounterattaok in the-

regionth-

ereinthethe-

regionth-

ereinthe-

regionth-

erein.../ "

I

region of Montdidier.MontdidierKontd1dier.Kontd1dierMortifier. Every detail for this attackattaok inin-

cludingin-inin-

oluding

in-

cluding

in-

cluding

¬-cludingoludingcloudingcolluding concentrationoonoentration of reserves was arranged during May.May.

(3)3( ) Tide , (3)3(3)-p

3-p

( )

P ta41 (3)II(3)1- . . . . . . . - . .

" . . , . -- ' -

:...:.

.

.

.

. . . :.:I1r: :

.:.

:. .

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=. .: . :. .

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:. . .

.jj

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INTRODUCTION

I

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_MV... ._.-" "' . v.:,. . . ,. 'WUWU'./IIftIIftGift/ *,. .>.Hu......' , ,rtkark *-...:. .. . JW.jJWWJWjJWW_.:W . . .Itt.A.fIttAfITT.:... *.. ..'..*. .*..vv. .>u. ,

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.

'

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. . , GeneralGener'al' PershingPeI'slLll'JgPeIslLllJgPerishing',

' : , realizing1"ealiz1ng1ealiz1ng" thetiataithti"-aa- grave neces'l160eS-'l160eSl160eSeees-eeesnieces'l160e-

Ssity

l160e-Ssity

'nece-ssity

. eees-

sity¬-

sitysixty of the Allies for manpower , made his momentousmomentou-

sdecision

moment-ousness

momentou-

sdecision

moment-ousness

momentou-

sdecision

moment-ousnessdecision to postpone temporarily his cherished plan ofof-

anf-

an

of-

anf-

an

of-

anf-

anan independent American Army , and on March 2g2829 , 191S1918 , ofof-

feredof-ofof-

feredof-

fered¬-

feredfeared all American troops to Marshal FochOuch to fight where-wherewhere-

everwher-

everwhere-

everwher-

everwhere-

(4)wher-

e4-

(4America4America((4-(44(4)- ) America , ever placed.placed. This same offer was renewed in May.May. (4)4(4)-

The

4T-

he(4)-

p4-

p( )

P 1The third offensive of the Germans came sudsud-scudsud-

denly

sud-

denly

sud-

denly

¬-denlydeny and with complete surprise.surprise. The break came easteast-

of

ea-st

east-

of

ea-st

east-

of

ea-stof CorapiegneOompiegneCompiegneCrappieComplimentedCampaigned , instead of west , as had been estimated.estimatedestimated.-

Generalestim-

atedestimated.-

Generalestim-

atedestimated.-

Generalestim-

ated.

General PershingPerishing on May iSth19thlathSeth informed Marshal FochOuch thatthat-

he

thatch-

ed

that-

he

thatch-

ed

that-

he

thatch-

edhe believed and estimated the drive would be made alongalong-

theelong-

atealong-

theelong-

atealong-

theelong-

atethe CheminOheminSchemingBohemian des Dames , but no action was taken.taken. At

1:00100: AM MayMa.y. 2yth27th an intensive artilleryar1iillery barrageba.rrage. was placedplaced-

alongpla-

cedplaced-

alongpla-

cedplaced-

alongpla-

cedalong the CheminScheming des Dames and at 4:30430:3030: AM , fifteen GermanGerma-

ndivisionsGer-

manicsGerma-

ndivisionsGer-

manicsGerma-

ndivisionsGer-

manicsdivisions advanced.advanced. These divisions comprised the 7th7th-

German

7th-

German

7th-

GermanGerman Army under General von BoehmOEM , operating along thethe-

Chemin

th-erein

the-

Chemin

th-erein

the-

Chemin

th-ereinCheminScheming des Dames in the direction of SoissonsOrisons , in concon-con-

junctionco-

nI

con-

ic

con-

(5)

co-

n5

¬-junction with the 1stlet German Army under General F vonvon-

Below

Lon-

gfellow

von-

elow

cone-

flower

von-

Below

Lon-

gfellowI/

Belowelow, operating to the east of the Jib7th Army witnwithwin itsits-

leftis-

let*

' " . .. . . ff-

leftl-

eft(5)5( ) Tide , left attacking Reims.ReimsReins. (5)5(5)-

The

5T-

he(5)-

The

5T-

he( 5)55)-

The

5-

The

)p 4-14141-

The success of this offensive was even greatergreater-

than

grea-ter

greater-

than

grea-ter

greater-

than

grea-terthan that of the prior two offensives.offensives., The French andand-

Britishadv-

ersitiesand-

Britishadv-

ersitiesand-

Britishadv-

ersitiesBritish wearied by fighting in PicardyPilchard and FlanderswereF1anderswereFlandersFlanderswere-taken

F1anderswere-

takenFland-

ers,

taken by surprise.surprise. The French troops found themselvesthemselves-

surroundedthem-

selvesthemselves-

surroundedthem-

selvesthemselves-

surroundedthem-

selvessurrounded by the "infiltration"infiltration" " method.method. Thousands werewere-

capturedwh-

ereatwere-

capturedwh-

ereatwere-

capturedwh-

ereatcaptured ; their line was broken ; from the CheminOheminSchemingBohemian desdes-

Dames

Mes-

dames

des-

Dames

Mes-

dames

des-

Dames

Mes-

damesDames they retreated to the AisneAieneMaineAbilene , southward across thethe-

Vesle

thi-

evesthe-

Vesle

thi-

eves.V.V, VesleVerse and the OuroqOur , down to the banks of the Marne.MarneYarne.YarneArne. WestWest-West-

ward

West-

ward

West-

ward

¬-ward they fell back on SoissonsSoissoOrisonsScissorns to keep touch with thethe-

BritishHe-

braiststhe-

BritishHe-

braists(6)6( ) HomeHorne , British line , but SoissonsOrisons was lost and ReimsBeimsReinsBedims flanked.flankedflanked.(6)flanked.6flanked6flanked.(6)-

The

flanked6T-

heflanked.(6)-

Americaflanked6A-

merica. (6)6(6)-

The

6T-

he( )

AmericaAmerioa ,p 110 The drive within three days out a deep salientsalient-

intoValen-

tinosalient-

intoValen-

tinosalient-

intoValen-

tinointo the Allied line with SoissonsSoiseonsOrisons at the northwest ,? t-t- . AV.AAVAALVA(\, ' . ;iu7..l"7.l7l.. . . >*--ff-*.-..r-.r..r-

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wand

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andand Chateau ThierryTheory at its southern point , with its apexapex-

flungappe-

alingapex-

flungappe-

alingapex-

flungappe-

alingflung acroBBacrossmacro the road to Paris , carrying the menacingmenacing-

Hun

menaci-ngHun threat once more within 400 miles of the French capicapi-Capricapi-

tal.

capi-

talcapi-

tal.

capi-

talcapi-

tal.

capi-

tal¬-

tal.taltail. MayMa.y. JOth30thJOt , disintegration of the French forces setset-

in

setti-

ng

set-

in

setti-

ng

set-

in

setti-

ngin and the MarneArne was reached in their retreat.retreat. On thethe-

nighthe-

ightthe-

nighthe-

ightthe-

nighthe-

ightnight of May 31st , the Paris government officials seriousserious-serious-ly

¬-ly considered a second evacuation of Paris , and a flightflight-to

flig-htto Bordeaux , as in 1911914.19141914.-

From

1914-

From

1914.-

From

1914-

From

.

From thistIlistills , one might conclude thattha.t. the FrenchFrench-

were

Trenc-

herFrench-

were

Trenc-

herFrench-

were

Trenc-

herwere entirely "upup" in ihethehe air11.air11aiir"aiirairail.ail. .". . Such was not thet he case.casecase.-

Marshal

case.-

Ma.rshal

case.-

Marshal

.

MarshalMa.rshal. FochOuch when visited duringdurine.durineurinedurine.theseurinates. these stirring days ,

appeared cool and calm.calm. He was concentrating all availableavaila.bleavailable-Allied

avail-able

availa.ble-

Alliedavail-

ableavailable-

Alliedavail-

able.

Allied troops to stemstein the tide and his plans were maturingmaturing-

favorably.mat-

uringmaturing-

favorably.mat-

uringmaturing-

favorably.mat-

uringfavorably.favorably. He knew of the demoralization of the FrenchFrench-

forcesFores-

horesFrench-

forcesFores-

horesFrench-

forcesFores-

horesforces immediately in front of the GermanGerlllan horde but alsoalso-

realizedase-

xualizedalso-

realizedase-

xualizedalso-

realizedase-

xualizedrealized that the German drive would have to slow up ,

along the MarneArne of its own momentum , due to difficultiesdifficulties-of

difficulti-esof communications , supply and exhaustion of the troopstroopse-

ngaged.troo-

pingtroopse-

ngaged.troo-

pingtroopse-

ngaged.troo-

pingengaged.engaged. Events proved that such was the case , as8S thethe-

same

thre-

esome

thes-

a.me

thre-

esome

the-

same

thre-

esomesamesa.me. fifteen divisions which started the drive on May 27th27th-

were

27th-

were

27th-

werewere still engaged on June 1st1st.1st.S-

ECOND

1stS-

ECOND

1st.S-

ECOND

1stS-

ECOND

,.

SECOND DIVISION ( REGULAR )

General PershingPerishing again offered all availableavailable-

Americanavail-

ableavailableA-

merioanavail-

ableavailable-

Americanavail-

ableAmericanAmerioan troops to Marshal FochOuch to help stem the tide.tidetide.-

Theti-

detide.-

Theti-

detide.-

Theti-

de.

The urgent need of every man gave the American SecondSecond-

DivisionSec-

ondedSecond-

DivisionSec-

ondedSecond-

DivisionSec-

ondedDivision ( Regular ) its great opportunity.opportunityopportunity.-

Marshal

opport-unity

opportunity.-

Marshal

opport-unity

opportunity.-

Marshal

opport-unity

.

Marshal FochFoohOuchOoh impressed by the gallant actionaotionabortion ofof-

The

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

tenThe First Division , on May 2g229th>th at CantignyCanting , also thethe-

factth-

reatthe-

factth-

reatthe-

factth-

reatfact that the Third and Second Divisions , AmericanAmerioan , werewer-

eavailable

era-dicable

wer-

eavailable

era-dicable

wer-

eavailable

era-dicableavailable , on May 30th ordered these two divisions toto-

fillt-

oilto-

fillt-

oilto-

fillt-

oilfill in along the apex of the new salient to helphelp'help'stemhelpstemhelps' stemstewstem-

the

stepm-

other(7)7( ) Tide , the German advance.advance. (7)7(7)-

P7-

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' ' ' " "' . "- ". . . . "_. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .The Second DivisionD1 vi i'i wwas.s's. organizedrg liiii z like'all"likeallike".allikealllikeableIkeailikeike"ikeNike .all-.allall'all-'allall'-'allAme-rican

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oiherother-----other-'osier American Divisions.Divisions. Its army components camecane fromfrom-

he

fro-m

from-

he

fro-m

from-other fore-mother

.-hehe-. , RegularRe llarlair Army.Army. This division had attached to it asas-

one

Ja-

son

as-

one

Ja-

son

as-

one

Ja-

sonone of its infantryinfa.ntry. brigades , two regiments , the FifthFifth-

and

Firsth-

and

Fiftha-

.nd

Firsth-

and

Fifth-

and

Firsth-

andanda.nd. Sixth Marines , organizedorga.nized. as the Fourth Brigade.Brigade. TheThe-

ThirdTet-

chierThe-

ThirdTet-

chierThe-

ThirdTet-

chierThird Brigade consisted of the NintnMint and Twenty-ThirdTwentyThirdTwentyThird-

InfantryTwentyThird-

InfantryTwentyThird-

Infantry-

Infantry Regiments.RegimentsRegiments.-

The

Regime-nts

.

The companies of the Marine Regiments werewere-

numbered

were-

numbered

were-

numberednumbered instead of lettered, as is customary in the army ,

until their arrival in France when letters were assigned.assignedassigned.-

The

assign-ed

.

The companies continued to be designated , unofficially ,

by their numbers.numbers. The J8tli7ath78th Company became "E"E" " CompanyComDanyComianyCompany-

and

ComDan-

yand

Comiany-

and

Comp-any

)

and as such was ini the Second BattalionBa.ttalion. of the SixthSixth-

Regiment.

Sixth-

Regiment.

Sixth-

Regiment.Regiment.Regiment.

The Sixth Regiment of Marines was organized inin-

Quantico

in-

cubation

in-

Quantico

in-

cubation

in-

Quantieo

in-

fantileQuanticoQuantieoAquaticEquation , Virginia during July 1917 with Colonel CatlinCaitlinCatlin-

asCatlin-

a.s

Catali-naasa.s. its1 ts commanding officer.officer. The writerwriwrit tertear was the third ofof-

ficerof-ofof-

ficerof-

ficer¬-

ficerFischer ordered to duty with the regiment , having beenbeen-

preceded

been-

preceded

been-

precededpreceded by the commandingcownanding officer and Major HughesHughes--Hughe-

slaterHug-

hesHughe-

slaterHug-

hesHughe-

slaterHug-

hes--

later the commandingcom RndingRending officer of the First Battalion.Battalion. TheTh-

eofficers

Th-

eorizersTh-

eoffioersTh-

eoriesTh-

eofficersTh-

eorizersofficersoffioers above the rank of first lieutenant attached toto-I

toi-

lto-

I'the

to-

IthetI-

theto-

"theto-

thet-

ote'thetheI'theIthe"theLithe"'"' I' regiment all had over eight years commissioned serviceservice-in

servici-ngin the Marine Corps.Corps. The junior officers were nearly allall-

graduatesall-

graduatesall-

graduatesgraduates of recognized military colleges.colleges. The enlistedenlisted-personnel

enli-sted

enlisted-personnel

enli-sted

enlisted-personnel

enli-stedpersonnel were nearly all recruits exceptexoept the seniorsenior-

noncommissioned

senior-

noncommissioned

senior-

noncommissionednoncommissioned officers.officersoffioers.offioers. The recruits were volunteersvolunteers-and

volunte-ersand came from all the states , but a large proportion camecame-

from

Cam-

eroncame-

from

Cam-

eroncame-

from

Cam-

eronfrom the northwest , and many were college men enlisted atat-

theirF-

atherat-

theirF-

atherat-

theirF-

athertheir colleges.colleges. The J&thJth79thThe7& th Company had seventy-twoseventytwo- men ,

out of 250 , over six feet tall.tall. A wonderful company ofof-

men.

o-men

of-

men.

o-men

of-

men.

o-menmen.men.

The 6th Regiment did not go to FranceFranoe as a unit.unitunit.-

4

unit-

4

unit.-

4.

.

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._ . . ..... . .._... ..... . . _ .. . .. .. . ...._ . --. _..__..__ ... . .._..... .;... .----- .- .. . . ...----- - - - - - ----- --- - - - -The last unitun! t to arrive9..ri9.ri9ri.!. ve in France: was the Secondwecond-BatwecondBatsecond.- .Bat.Bat.iattaii-on.iattaiion.attainingiattaiion.-This

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This battalion landed at San NazaireNazarene , February 5th , andand-

was

pan-

das

and-

was

pan-

das

and-

was

pan-

daswas assigned billets in the village of RobecourtObjector in thethe-

Second

th-ereon

the-

Second

th-ereon

the-

Second

th-ereonSecond Division Training Area.AreaArea.-

The

Wre-

athe

Area.-

The

Wre-

athe

Area.-

The

Wre-

athe

.

The Second Division was assemoledassembled as a unit durdur-dourdur-

ing

dur-

J

dou-

r

dur-

ing

¬-ingKing February 191S19l91919 in the DamblainAmblingDamblain--ChaumontDamblainChaumontAmblingCamion-- ChaumontCamion la.la. VilleVille--VileVille-

Brevannes

Illib-eralness

Ville-

Brevannes

Illib-eralness

Ville-

Brevannes

Illib-eralness

--BrevannesBraveness Area.Area. After a period of training under thethe-

Frenchth-

ereinthe-

Frenchth-

ereinthe-

Frenchth-

ereinFrench , it was moved to a quiet front line sector southsouth-south-

eastsouth-

eastsouth-

east¬-

east of Verdun , March I/I17I1915.I1915/ , 1915.19151918.19181915.-

The

1915-

The

1918.-

The

1918-

The

1918.-

The

1918-

The

.

The Division was relieved MayMa.y. 13th from dutyduty-

inDust-

inin the quiet sector and started open warfare training inin-

thein-

terin-

thein-

terin-

thein-

terthe VitryVictory le FrancoisFrancis Area.Area. This areaarea.., being found unsuitedunsuited-

forunsuit-

edfor this form of trainingtraining"," the divisionvisiondi moved via marchesma.l'chesmalchesmulchesma.l'ches-

and

malches-

and

marche-

sAmarches-

and

match-es

march-es

. '..4.,J,\,

A*' >

I . '\ and trains to the GisorsVisorsGisors--OhaumontGisorsOhaumontVisorsHanuman-- ChaumontCamion en VekinVeinVe in Area northwest x*x-

of

o-

fx-

of

o-

f1 'w

of Paris.Paris. The 6th Regimental Headquarters and part of thethe-

Second

th-ereon

the-

Second

th-ereon

the-

Second

th-ereonSecond Battalion , including the 7278th> th Company of the 6th6th-

Regiment

6th-

Regiment

6th-

RegimentRegiment , were billeted in Serans.SeransServants. In this areaarea"area," underunder-

idealunde-

rsideunder-

idealunde-

rsideunder-

idealunde-

rsideideal weather conditionsconditions"," intensive open warfare trainingtraining-was

traini-ngwas conducted preparatory to either relieving the 1st1st-

Division1st-

Division1st-

DivisionDivision or extending the line held by it.itit.-

May

inti-

macy

it.-

May

inti-

macy

it.-

May

inti-

macy

.

May 30th30th--Memorial30thMemorial--Memorial DayDay--manyDaymany--many were the rumorsrumors-

heardrum-

orsrumors-

heardrum-

orsrumors-

heardrum-

orsheard , from the French civilianscivilians"," as to the immediate acac-

tionac-acac-

tionac-

tion¬-

tionion of thethe'' Division.Division. Suppressed excitement filled thethe-

airth-

eirthe-

airth-

eirthe-

airth-

eirair and was written on every countenance.countenance. ImpressiveImpressive-

memorialImpre-

ssiveImpressive-

memorialImpre-

ssiveImpressive-

memorialImpre-

ssivememorial services were held at noonnoon"noon," in the beautifulbeautiful-grounds

beau-tiful

beautiful-grounds

beau-tiful

beautiful-grounds

beau-tifulgrounds surrounding the Chateau , the Headquarters of thethe-

6ththe-

6ththe-

6th6th Regiment.RegimentRegiment.D-

eune

Regiment.-

Dame

Regim-ent

.,

DeuneDameDune rumor remained entirely unconfirmed althoughalthough-

thealthou-

ghthe air was so chargedoha.rgedoharged. that one actuallyaotually felt that a momentmomen-

tof

mome-

ntof monumental importance was approaching.approachingapproaohing.approaohing. RegimentalRegimental-

HeadquartersRegi-

mentalRegimental-

HeadquartersRegi-

mentalRegimental-

HeadquartersRegi-

mentalHeadquarters was without any information until about 5:00500: PM ,

when it becamebeoame alive with activity.activityaotivity.aotivity. The Division hadhad-

5-5-5-5-

n.

5-

n

5r-

1LAn.

5r-

1LAn

-- . . . . . . . . . . . .

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**.LA.w..Y.LAwYLAY=. .LA-

.w..Y.received

*.,..:.. .

:.

'

. . . H'H' - . .. . .

.reoreoOreoreceivedei v d word of 'aa'a moveinnov'novov'a "

andri'drid' "soso)' informed"informedinformed"theinformedthein'ini '{orinedbrinedrmed--'fhermed'fhefhearmedhe"- -. .tt'.theei regiments.regimentse'gimentsegimentsregiments.-

The

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.The

E-

sther

.

The 6th Regiment sent out this order :

Headquarters 6th RegimentRegiment-

Marine

Regime-ntation

Regiment-

Marine

Regime-ntation

Regiment-

Marine

Regime-ntationMarine Corps , AEFABEAE-

FFrance

Af-

fianceAE-

FFrance

Af-

fianceAE-

FFrance

Af-

fianceFrance , 30 Mayay 1918.19181918.-

Memo

1918-

Memo

1918.-

Memo

1918-

Memo

1918.-

Memo

1918-

Memo

.

Memo-Memo: -1.1. Advance information official received that thisthis-

regimentthi-

rtieththis-

regimentthi-

rtieththis-

regimentthi-

rtiethregiment will move at 10:001000: PM 30 May by bus to newnew-

area.be-

ware

new-

a.rea.

be-ware

new-

area.be-

warearea.areaa.rea.. . All trains shall be loaded at once and arrangearrange-arrange-

ments

arrange-

ments

arrange-

ments

¬-mentsaments hastened.hastened. Orders will follow.follow. Wagons whenwhe-

nloaded

hel-loed

whe-

nloaded

hel-loed

whe-

nloaded

hel-loedloaded will move to SERANSSERVANTS to form traintrain-

By

rain-y

train-By

rain-y

train-By

rain-yBy order of Colonel CATLINCAITLIN :

F.E.FEF.F. E . EVANS , Maj.MajMa. , USMCSC ,

Adjutant.AdjutantAdjutant-

.FieldAdju-

tantAdjutant-

.FieldAdju-

tantAdjutant-

.FieldAdju-

tant.

Field OrderOrd.er. No 4 , dated 30 May 1918 , 9:30930: PM covers thethe-

movement

th-eorem

the-

movement

th-eorem

the-

movement

th-eoremmovement of the Second Division and designates the vicinityvicinity-of

vicinit-yof MeauxBeaux as the destination.destinationdestination.T-

RIPdestinat-

ion.

TRIP TO THE FRONTFRONT-

The

Frot-hed

FRONT-

The

Frot-hed

FRONT-

The

Frot-hedThe regimental preparatory memorandum havinghaving-

beenhavi-

nghaving-

beenhavi-

nghaving-

beenhavi-

ngbeen received , companies of the Second Battalion hastilyha.atilyhaatilychattilyhastilyl-

oadedhas-

tilyha.atily-

loadedhastilyl-

oadedhas-

tily.

loaded their wagons and cooked a meal to be carried on thethe-

tripthe-

atric

the-

tripthe-

atric

the-

tripthe-

atrictrip by the men.men. The companies were ready long before thethe-

designatedthe-

reinafterthe-

designatedthe-

reinafterthe-

designatedthe-

reinafterdesignated hour , however , no busses appeared and it was notnot-

untilnoc-

turnal

not-

untilnoc-

turnal

not-

untilnoc-

turnaluntil midnight that permission was received to returnretuxn toto-

billets.t-

oiletsto-

billets.t-

oiletsto-

billets.t-

oiletsbillets.billets. Reveille sounded at 4:00400:0000: AM.AMAM-

.The

A.-

M.AM-

.The

A.-

M.AM-

.The

A.-

M..

The French busses driven by Siamese finallyfinally-

arrivedfin-allyfinally-

arrivedfin-ally, arrived by 6:00600: AM , May 31st , but the eventful Journey diddid-

not

did-

n'tdid-

not

did-

n'tdid-

not

did-

n'tnot begin until 8:00800SOOSOHO: AM.AM. Eight officers or twenty menme-

nconstituted

mo-

nounsaturated

me-

nconstituted

mo-

nounsaturated

me-

nconstituted

mo-

nounsaturatedconstituted a bus load.load. The drivers had been on the roadroad-

for

Bradf-

ord

road-

for

Bradf-

ord

road-

for

Bradf-

ordfor 72 hours with little sleep and food ; as a result manymany-

were

anyw-

here

many-

were

anyw-

here

many-

were

anyw-

herewere the thrilling incidents enroute.enroutererouteenroute.-A

enroute.-N

rerout-e

enroute.-

"The

enroute-

Therero-

ute.

A.."TheThe.TheN". route laylayoverover the battlefields of thethe-

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111-

1S

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .- - "" . .

first battle of the MarneMarne"Arne," the troops encounteredncouriieredcourier: thethe-

lamentableter-

minablethe-

lamentableter-

minablethe-

lamentableter-

minablelamentable tide of refugees fleeing before the invaderinvader"invader"-

and

invader-and

invad-er

,"

and the debris of French divisions retiring after defeat"defeat" .

The road beyond MeauxBeaux was jammed with civilians aridand solsol-sol-

dierssol-

dierssol-

diers¬-

diersdicers fleeing toward safety.safety. EnrouteEnroute"Reroute," the Camions werewere-

greete'dwer-

egreeted

pere-

grinatedwere-

greetwe-

arerwer-

egreeted

pere-

grinatedgreete'dgreetedgreet 'd by the French in all the villages most enthusiasticenthusiastic-enthusiastic-ally

¬-ally and many were tnetiletietine flowers hanaedhangedhennaednaednaked to us as we passedp ssedseed by.byby.-

g

b-y

by-

.The

b-

yte

.

(8)8( gS ) SimondsSimonds"Simons," (8)8(8)-p

8-p

(8-

).w..w.

8-

ww

( )p Iggl8g188Piggy

The oussesbussesmousses passing through MeauxBeaux encountered FrenchFrenc-hregulating

Reca-lculating

Frenc-hregulating

Reca-lculating

Frenc-hregulating

Reca-lculatingregulating officers and battalions were sent alongalonalone differentdifferentr-

oads.differ-

entdifferentr-

oads.differ-

entdifferentr-

oads.differ-

entroads.roads. Although the Second BatialionBattalion passed through MeauxBeauxMeau-

xduring

Mean-

deringMeau-

xauring

Mean-

deringMeau-

xcuring

Mani-

curingduringauringcuringairing the afternoon of May JlBt31st"31stJilt," it was break of dayday-

June

das-

yureday-

June

das-

yureday-

June

das-

yureJune 1st before orders were given to detrain at MontreuilMontrealMontreuil-

auxMontr-

ealaux LionsLions"," about ten miles out of Meaux.MeauxBeauxMeaux-

.Orders

Meaux-

.Orders

Meaux-

.Orders

.

Orders were given to get into the houses and toto-

keen

to-

kento-

keep

t-oke

to-

keen

to-

kenkeenkeep out of sight , and sleep.sleep81 eep.eepbeep. HoweverHowever"," the men soon foundfoun-drabbits

roun-dabouts

found-

rabbits"foun-

drabbits

roun-

daboutsfoun-

drabbits

roun-daboutsrabbitsrabbits"," potatoes , etc.etcete.etePete. , and great was my surprise whenwhen-

my

wh-en

when-

my

wh-en

when-

my

wh-enmy orderly brought me a meal fit for a king.kingking.-

Theki-

ngking.-

Theki-

ngking.-

Theki-

ng.

The meal having been eateneaten"eaten," a vain effort to sleepsleep-

was

sleep-

walk

61 eepbeepeep-

was

eye-

washwas made.made. The springlessspringleasspringinesssprinkles bus ride proved too much and mym-

yeffortsM-

edfordm-

yeffortsM-

edfordm-

yeffortsM-

edfordefforts to rest were interrupted by a regimental runner trytry-try-

ingtry-

ingtry-

ing¬-

ingKing to locate the battalion commander with a message toto-

getR-

oget

to-

getR-

oget

to-

getR-

ogetget the battalion on the march at once towards the front.frontfront-

.Fieldfron-

tlinefront-

.Fieldfron-

tlinefront-

.Fieldfron-

tline.

Field Order No 5 issued by the Division at 7:407407:40-

PM

740P-

Mfi: 1JO1JO-

PMPM 31 May , covers the concentration of the division andand-

assignedund-

ersignedand-

assignedund-

ersignedand-

assignedund-

ersignedassigned the 4thth Brigade to the support zone : La FerteFerte--FeteFerte-

Chateau

Fore-

castleFerte-

Chateau

Fore-

castleFerte-

Chateau

Fore-

castle--

Chateau ThierryTheory RoadRoad--Coupru--Bezu--CharmontRoadCoupruBezuCharmontCoupBenzHarmon--CoupruCoup--BezuBenz-- CharmontHarmon with divisiondivision-headquarters

division-headquarters

division-headquartersheadquarters at MontreuilMontreal aux Lions.Lions. The division becamebecam-

epart

beca-me

becam-

epart

beca-me

becam-

epart

beca-mepart of the 21st FrenchFrenoh Army Corps under the command ofof-

General

o-

ftenerof-

General

o-

ftenerof-

General

o-

ftenerGeneral DegoutteDegut and belonged to the Sixth French Army.ArmyArmy-

.The

Ar-my

Army-

.The

Ar-my

Army-

.The

Ar-my

.

The FrenchFrenoh Commander desired to placeplaoe units of thethe-

Second

th-ereon

the-

Seoond

th-ereon

the-

Second

th-ereonSecondSeoond Division into line between FrenchFrenoh units.units. Major Gen-GenGen-

7

Gen.-

4

Gen-

4

Gen-

(8)

Ge-

n8

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( pointing) . The remainder of the battalion was orderedordered-

intoorde-

redordered-

intoorde-

redordered-

intoorde-

redinto line from TriangleTria.ngle. Farm to Le ThioletHilt on the Paris-ParisParis-

Met

Par-is

Parisv-

letPriv-

etParis-

Metz

Parlia-

ment

-MetvletMetzvaletz Road.RoadHoad.HoadHoard.

The 7278th> th ComoanyCompany advanced immediatelyimmedia.tely. tot o thethe-

designatedthe-

reinafterthe-

rethe-

rthe-

designatedthe-

reinafterr' '\(S ; designated line.line. The first platoon , Lt.Lt. SellerSeller' , commmd-commmdcommand-commandcommm-

ding

comman-

ding

comman-

ding

-ingKing ,, on the right ; next the 2d platoonpl toonJton, Lt.Lt. Eddy , U.S.USU.S.-

Army

U-.S.

U.S.-

Army

U-.S.

U.S.-

Array

U-.S.

. .

ArmyArray I, commanding ; the 4-th4th4thnth- Platoon , Lt.Lt. AdamsAdalLsRadials commandingcommmanding ,

on the left ; the 33ci3d platoon , Lt.Lt. ixaleighhaleighdialingRaleighitalvital eighLeigh , commandingcomina.ndingcominanding. , waswas-

in

wash-

ing

was-

in

wash-

ing

was-

in

wash-

ingin eupoort.eupoortsupoort.supoortsupport.supportdeport. The company , as we left the road , hesitatedhesitated-to

hesitate-dto cut the wire fencesfences3 and the idea of moving through thethe-

fieldsSh-

effield

the-

fieldsSh-

effield

the-

fieldsSh-

effieldfields , beautiful with ripe grain , was all contrary toto-

previous

op-

probrious

to-

previous

op-

probrious

to-

previous

op-

probriousprevious training.trainingtraining-.It

trainin-g

.

It must now oebe explained tnatttlattreatnattitillate the regimentalregimentalc-

ommanderregim-

entalregimentalc-

ommanderregim-

entalregimentalc-

ommanderregim-

entalcommander issued the order direct to the company comcom-com-

manders

com-

manders

com-

manders

¬-mandersmaunders in the presence of the battalion commander.commander. ThereThere-

had

Ther-eat

There-

had

Ther-eat

There-

had

Ther-eathad been no reconnaissancereconnrecon .issanceissanceissuance. made by the regimental oror-

battaliono-

rbitalor-

battaliono-

rbitalor-

battaliono-

rbitalbattalion commanders and no time was given company comcom-com-

manders

com-

manders

com-

manders

¬-mandersmaunders to reconnoiter oeioreceforeoeforeEirebefore placing their companies intointo-

line.inte-

rline

into-

line.inte-

rline

into-

line.inte-

rlineline.line. No maps were at hand except the one in the possesposses-posses-

sion

posses-

sion

posses-

sion

¬-sionscion of the regimental commander.commander. Triangle Farm , on thethe-

righthe-

ightthe-

righthe-

ightthe-

righthe-

ightright , and Lucy-le-BocageLucyleBocageBoscage- - , on the left , were visiblevisiblef-

romvisi-

blevivisiblef-

romvisi-

bleibledibbleiblef-

romaile-

ronfrom where the order was issued , but no idea of the interinter-inter-vening

inter-vening

inter-vening

¬-veningvending ground could be gained.gained. The company advanced withwith-

itswith-

ieswith-

itswith-

ieswith-

itswith-

iesits let1st platoon guiding on Triangle Farm and abreast ofof-

the

of-

tenof-

the

of-

tenof-

the

of-

tenthe 79th Company which was to extend the line to the rightrightf-

romrig-

htrightf-

romrig-

htrightf-

romrig-

htfrom Triangle Farm.FarmFarm.-

When

Fa-rm

Farm.-

When

Fa-rm

Farm.-

When

Fa-rm

.

When Triangle was reached it was found to be onon-

a

Mo-

na

on-

a

Mo-

na

on-

a

Mo-

naa small hill.hill. At the foot of the forward elopeslope could bebe-

seen

be-

seem

be-

seen

be-

seem

be-

seen

be-

seemseen a road and railroad while well to the left there waswas-

a

as-aa eteepsteep ravine , LuoyLucyLousy le1e BocageSocageBoscageDockage could just be eeen.eeenseen.seen. TheTh-

edistance

He-

sitanceTh-

edistanoe

He-

adstoneTh-

edistance

He-

sitancedistancedistanoe between Triangle and Lucy ie1sis 240021400 yards.yards. Bou-BouBoutBo-

ureschee

B-orsch

Bo-

ureaches

Ou-

treaches

Bo-

ureaches

Ou-

treaches

-

rescheereacheseschewed waewaswade nearly 1,0001000, yardeyardsyarded due north from TriangleTriangle-

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'''' '<'_ _.. _. l1l1-

A

l-

1eral

''

eralferal Omar BundyBund , the Division Commander , protested andand-

insistedha-

ndinessand-

insistedha-

ndinessand-

insistedha-

ndinessinsisted that the division enter the line as a unit.unit. ThisThis-

was

Th-

isThis-

was

Th-

isThis-

was

Th-

iswas reluctantly consented to.toto.-

OCCUPATION

to.-

OCCUPATION

to.-

OCCUPATION

.

OCCUPATION OF LINELIN-

EGeneral

Interg-

eneration

LIN-

EGeneral

Interg-

eneration

LIN-

EGeneral

Interg-

enerationGeneral PershingPerishing in his final report writes :

"TheThe" Second Division , then in reserve northwest of ParisParis-

and

Paris-

ianParis-

and

Paris-

ianParis-

and

Paris-

ianand preparing to relieve the First Division , was hastilyhastily-diverted

has-tilyhastily-

divertedhas-tilyhastily-

divertedhas-tilydiverted to the vicinity of MeauxBeaux on May 31st , and earlyearly-

on

earl-yon the morning of June 1st was deployed across the ChateauChateau-

ThierryCha-

teauChateau-

ThierryCha-

teauChateau-

Thi

Chate-auThierryTheoryThiThai erryDerry Road near MontreuilMont.reuilMontrealMontrMont

. euilevil aux Lions in a gap in the FrenchFrenc-hline

Recl-ine

Frenc-hline

Recl-ine

Frenc-hline

Recl-ineline , where it stopped the German advanceadvtnce: on Paris"Paris" .

This should prove conclusively that the divisiondivision-occupied

divi-sion

division-occupied

divi-sion

division-occupied

divi-sion\' . occupied a front line and not a support line , as is so oftenoften-

contended.rot-

enoneoften-

contended.rot-

enoneoften-

contended.rot-

enonecontended.contended. The 77gth78thtn Company , although covering only a smallsmall-

sectionsm-

allestsmall-

sectionsm-

allestsmall-

sectionsm-

allestsection of the front assigned the Division , at no timetime-

witnessedtim-

elinesstime-

witnessedtim-

elinesstime-

witnessedtim-

elinesswitnessed the retirement of French units.units. To those who werewere-

inwher-

ein

were-

inwher-

ein

were-

inwher-

einin the Division there is no question that a gap was filledfilledi-

nsteadfil-

ledfilledi-

nsteadfil-

ledfilledi-

nsteadfil-

ledinstead of forming a support line.lineline.-

The

lin-net

line.-

The

lin-net

line.-

The

lin-net

.

The Second Battalion having been formedformedl, marchedmarched-

tomarch-

edto the Paris-MetzParisMetzMet- Road and there met Colonel CatlinCaitlin thethe-

Regimental

tem-

peramental

the-

x

he-

x

the-

Regimental

tem-

peramental

the-

Regimental

tem-

peramentalRegimental CommanderCo uanderunder , who had found about ten of the divisiondivision-

trucksdivis-

iondivision-

trucksdivis-

iondivision-

trucksdivis-

iontrucks and having urgent orders to get his regiment intointo-

lineinte-

rline

into-

linelinte-

rlineinto-

lineinte-

rlinelinelinellineal, he ordered as much of the battalion as was possiblposaiblpossiblepossibl1 intointo-

theinst-

ateinto-

theinst-

ateinto-

theinst-

atexA the trucks and led the way , eastward , on the Paris-MetzParisMetzMet- hoad.hoadRoad.Roadhoardhoad.-

The

hoa-

rdRoad.-

The

Road-

ster

oad.oadgoadoad.-

The

road-

ster

.

The first crossroad beyond La FermeFemme Paris , marksmarks-

the

mars-

hes

marks-

the

mars-

hes

marks-

the

mars-

hesthe entry of the Battalion into the fray.frayfray.-

The

Rayth-

eon

fray.-

The

Rayth-

eon

fray.-

The

Rayth-

eon

.

The ColonelOolonelOolong issued an oral order stating : "TheThe"The-

Germans

The-

Germans

Ste-ersman

"The-

Germans

The-

Germans

Ste-ersman

"The-

Germans

The-

Germans

Ste-ersman

"

Germans are advancing and as far as I know we are the onlyonly-

troopsloll-

ypopsonly-

troopsloll-

ypopsonly-

troopsloll-

ypopstroops between them and an open gate.gate. We will occupy a lineline-

and

line-

man

line-

and

line-

man

line-

and

line-

manand hold at all costs.costs. The 7Sth78th79th Company to occupyoocuPY a lineline-

and

line-

man

line-

and

line-

man

line-

and

line-

manand dig in from Triangle Farm ( pointing) to Lucy-le-Bocage"LucyleBocage"BocageLucy-Ie-Socage"IeSocage"SocageBoscageDockageLucyleBocage"-

8

LucyleBocage-

8

LucyIeSocage".-

w.

LucyIeSocage-

w

- - "

.w.w. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . , - . . '" _ . . . .. _LucyleBocage".KII-

8

. .. . ... , . ...- --- - '-'-- -.- . _. .

-8-8-8-

W

8-

.I

8-

I-

. . . . . . . " ' \ . ' . . . ' . , , - .. . . . . . , " " . . , .

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and separated "byby" the almost impassaoleimpassable slope of thethe-

ravinete-

rrainthe-

ravinete-

rrainthe-

ravinete-

rrainravine mentioned.mentionedmentioned.-

The

mentioned.-

Map

mention-

ed

.

The company commander of the 7278th> th Company dede-

cidedde-dede-

cided

de-

cided

¬-cidedchided Lucy was too far away and that one companycompa.ny. couldcould-

notcoul-

dn't

could-

notcoul-

dn't

could-

notcoul-

dn'tnot cover the distance properly ; that the ravine wouldwould-

lorm

wo-uld

would-

form

wolf-ram

would-

form

wolf-ramlormformLorna excellent flank protection ; and that BoureschesBourescl1esOutreachesBouresches-

shouldOutrea-

chesBourescl1es-

'should

Bourescl1es-

shouldBouresches-

shouldOutrea-

chesshould'should'

be on his left flank.flank. The line occupied is shownshown-

Map

sho-wn

shown-

on

sho-wn

shown-

Map

sho-wnMap #1 on map.map. The battalion commandercommanderr approved of the line whenwhen-

he

when-

cewhen-

he

when-

cewhen-

he

when-

cehe inspected during the night and another company closedclosed-

theclose-

tedclosed-

theclose-

tedclosed-

theclose-

tedthe gap from the left of the 72778th> th Company to Lucy.LucyLucy-

.The

Lu-cy

Lucy-

.The

Lu-cy

Lucy-

.The

Lu-cy

.

The company dug "foxfoxIIfoxFIFO" holes11holes"holeshole ell" alonga.long. tnethetine militarymilitary-

crestmilit-

arymilitary-

crestlmilit-

arymilitary-

crestmilit-

arycrestcrestlcrest, the right of the line being about 150 yards to thethe-

frontthe-

reonthe-

frontthe-

reonthe-

frontthe-

reonfront of TriangleTrianglel, and joined with the 79"th79th" Company.Company. AnA-

nexcellent

A-

ntecedentA-

nexcellent

A-

ntecedentA-

nexcellent

A-

ntecedentexcellent field of fire to the front and flank existed.existedexisted.-

The

exist-ed

existed.-

The

exist-ed

existed.-

The

exist-ed

.

The line was occupied during the late afternoon ,

scarcely any hostile fire reached us and the men aiddid litlit-lit-tle

lit-tle

lit-tle

¬-

tletale or no digging that night.night. The night was clear andand-

warm

Ba-

ndar

and-

warru

land-

ward

and-

warn

man-

darinwarmwarruwarnwalrus and all except those on watch had a good sleep.sleepsleep.-

Thesle-

ptsleep.-

Thesle-

ptsleep.-

Thesle-

pt.

The Division Field Order No 661, dated 6:00600: PM ,

1 June 191319l91919 , Par.Par. 3 ( b ) assigns to the ij-thijth4th- Brigade thethe-

sectorthr-

eescore

the-

sectorthr-

eescore

the-

sectorthr-

eescoresector Le ThioletHilt ( exclusive ) to Chateau de BelleauBelle ( inin-

clusivein-inin-

clusivein-

clusive¬-

clusivecollusive ) . The orders are to occupy and hold the line.lineline.-

This

kine-

ticsline.-

This

kine-

ticsline.-

This

kine-

tics.

This order was followed by Field Order No 7 , dated 3 JuneJune-

1918s1918191811918s, 3:00300: PM , which simply goes into details covering thethe-

occupationthe-

orizationthe-

occupationthe-

orizationthe-

occupationthe-

orizationoccupation of the line.lineline.-

The

lin-net

line.-

The

lin-net

line.-

The

lin-net

.

The tyth4thnthmyth Brigade Commander at 5:00500: PM , June 1st1st-

reported1st-

reported1st-

reportedreported to the division that the 2d BattalionBattalinl, 6th6th-

Marines

6th-

Marines

6th-

MarinesMarines were in line from LE ThioletHilt through ClererabautsClerembautsCerebraCerebratesClererabauts-

Woods

Clerembauts-

Woods

Cerebr-ates

Clerembauts-

woodsCerebr-

atesWoods to Triangle Farm to LucyLuoyLousy le BocageSooageBooageBoscageStoogeBooger with orders toto-

hold

to-

ehold

to-

hold

to-

ehold

to-

hold

to-

eholdhold the line occupiedoooupie4.oooupie4occupied.*.

- - ' " -10-10lOawlawso-10-

j10j-

O'

10j-

O

-*.. . ,. .. ..... . . ...... , . .. .. .

..

. . . , .. . , . .. . .....

.. ...,....., . , .. ,. .. ...._.._... . , . . .. . . .. . ._ . . _ . .. . _ ..

... .., . . . ... . . . .

. . . ' . '- -"-"."

.

" *_- .

*j fwtwt wwitwwitjO'jOjO'.N( ' <*v*\.N.N\ *.* * > KWmMim. . . . . . '

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JUNE 2d2 d TO 10 JUNEJUNE-

JUNE

JU-NE

JUNE-

JUNE

JU-NE

JUNE-

JUNE

JU-NEJUNE 2D.-2D.2D.The2DThe. - The 78th Company dug in.in. GermanGerman-

machineGer-

manGerman-

machineGer-

manGerman-

machineGer-

manmachine gun fire was auiteQuitesuite heavy and artillery fire mademad-

eitselfjad-

eitemad-

eitselfjad-

eitemad-

eitselfjad-

eiteitself felt.felt. The enemy seemed to eensesensecense the presencepresepreset ce ofof-

formidable

of-

formidable

of-

formidableformidable trooostroops opposed to them , for their attemptsattem1ts;) toto-

advance

T-

orranceto-

advance

T-

orranceto-

advance

T-

orranceadvance were not spirited.spiritedspirited.J-

UNE

spirit-ed

.

JUNE 3D--3D3D.-3D.3DTelephone3D.Telephone-. - Telephone communicationnunicationco.rununicationcorununicationenunciationcircumnavigationco . was estaolished.estaolishedestablishedestaolished.-The

establish-ed

.

The division engineers dug a hole to be used as a PC , byby-

theb-

yteby-

theb-

yteby-

theb-

ytethe company commander.commandercommander.-

JUNE

comman-

dercommander.-

JUNE

comman-

dercommander.-

JUNE

comman-

der.

JUNE 4-TH.-4TH.4TH.4TH.-4TH.All4THAllTH.All-TH.-TH.. - All French units which were ahead ofof-

the

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

tenthe Second Division line had passed through the line oror-

were

bo-

wered

or-

were

bo-

wered

or-

were

bo-

weredwere relieved by 4-:004:00004:00400- : OO AM.AM. The command of the sector passedpassed-

topasse-

dto the Second Division at 8:00800S:00S00: AM , and now the division ,

in truth , was on a most active front.front. Except for machinemachine-

gun

machi-negun tirefire and an increase of artillery fire , the day uassedpasseduseduassed-

quietlyassi-

duitypassed-

quietlyassi-

duity'.quietly for the f&thfth78thft& Company.CompanyCOtapany.COtapanyCatalpa. During the morning , thethe-

Frenchth-

ereinthe-

Frenchth-

ereinthe-

Frenchth-

ereinFrench Liaison Officer attached to the Second Battalion , waswas-

wounded

ast-

oundedwas-

wounded

ast-

oundedwas-

wounded

ast-

oundedwounded while inspecting the company line.line. Casualties werewere-

few

we-re

were-

few

we-re

were-

few

we-refew and the line was well placed.placed. The company sufferedsufferedf-

romsuffe-

redsufferedf-

romsuffe-

redsufferedf-

romsuffe-

redfrom lack of water and food.food. The rations which were rere-

ceivedre-rere-

ceivedre-

ceived

¬-ceivedcleaved were French issue and the Quartermaster sent to thethe-

frontthe-

reonthe-

frontthe-

reonthe-

frontthe-

reonfront uncooked quarters of beef , coffeeooffeecoffe$ in the bean andand-

only

rand-

omly

and-

only

rand-

omly

and-

only

rand-

omlyonly a little bread.bread. The kitchens could not be used.usedused.-

JUNE

us-ed

used.-

JUNE

us-ed

used.-

JUNE

us-ed

.

JUNE 5TH.-5TH.5TH.The5THThe. - The Division Field Order NoNo g9 ofof-

June

soj-

ourned

of-

June

soj-

ourned

of-

June

soj-

ournedJune 5th , 10:001000: AM , prescribed a general rearrangementrearrangement-

of

rearrangeme-ntof the line due partially to French units having withdrawnwithdrawn-

andwithdra-

wnand preparatory to attack planned for June 6th.6th. TgieT.eTeTieT. FourthFourth-

BrigadeFort-

hrightFourth-

BrigadeFort-

hrightFourth-

BrigadeFort-

hrightBrigade issued an order , in the form of a letter to thethe-

regimentsth-

ereinthe-

regimentsth-

ereinthe-

regimentsth-

ereinregiments , based upon the division field order.order. The SixthSixth-

Regiment

Sixthi-

f

Sixt-h

Sixth-

Regimentif Regiment was ordered to withdraw unitsW11 ts of the'2dthe2dthel2d,' BattalionBattalionf-

romBattal-

ionBattalionf-

romBattal-

ionBattalionf-

romBattal-

ionfrom Le ThioletTh10letHilt to Triangle Farm inclusive upon their reliefrelief-by

reli-efby unitsun1 t ol01'01of' the 23d Infantry.Infantry. This made the 78th CompanyOompanyCompa-

nyrrT

Com-

pany

Company-

w

Compan-

y

. . . . _ . . , . . . .-. .' - - "MM" ' . . , - , . . . . .... . . . . _ ...'

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I.11-

I_ 1-+ w -+' - . " '.-.+ y '. '' ", . "". .ww.. . _... .. " . ,, . _ .

> .:

' '

, ::-::- -?sit,

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" ' I"I"' ''' ' ._. .. n..h"nh. '' '' _ _.

.

_*. _... ....._ . , , ,, ,,

" " ,11 ". , . ., , , , . .. . _ .1 .vvrWrrglM.' """' Mara'r..hwMararhwMatriarch"-' "-i, . . . .. . __ . ..'

'MM;'.*.;,) w.w.+a.sasa.sA.NNAsian*.:,_$ ;. .-A.NNA.NNANN--.*-*'> IV.ti1lEiIVti1lEi*;;v">. MB '<4iK4a ii-r.iir.- . ':'=-W MtSMats"**""' te_ _ .- ; _ '. . ; ' : ' . . . ... . . . . _ _ .. . .

_K_ r-AlM.rAlM.Alum-"' *#' * ". ' .JMtMJMtMJimmy."'* ' < MMM llhMAllah -.t.t- " ' '' : . ......>

:*; . > . iftgift _*!> *_.tt._,_ .M..A/M1M.AM1.M..AM1. .,. .aumBaum/ +'JJ'_nEn-anEnaneonfK-..;.;.'-"'QQ' xr.xrirlwl\114w'11irlwl114w'11114w11ill. \'. -........' ...

,===;:: =:.: :-:;- :

"::- =-=i;: :';=; -' ;::.

": :. ':::: - ; . , . ' . ", -<

':-..: . :i .. . .. .. . '=-:::' :"" 'II' . . -., ' -. . . . ..-.4.4.4. .,. ... ......-.. .

.

.-_. " _. .-. "_. .-. ..-._' . ...

' .

. .

.

..

.

the right of the regiment.regimentregiment.-

The

regim-ent

regGreg ment.mentmeantment.-

The

met-

tle.

The rearrangement of tnethetine division placed BelleauBelleBelleau-

Woods

Beleag-

uered

Belleau-

Woods

Beleag-

uered

Belleau-

Woods

Beleag-

ueredWoods and BoureschesOutreaches in the center of the sector.sectorsector.-

"Belleausector-

Belleausco-

relesssector.-

"Belleausector-

Belleausco-

relesssector.-

"Belleausector-

Belleausco-

reless.

"BelleauBelleauBelle" Woods is1s actually an advanced position ,

useful as a cover if the offensive is1s to be resumed , "butbut"bu-

taccepted

but-

acceptedbu-

tcheredbut-

acceptedbu-

tcheredbut-

acceptedbu-

tchered

"

accepted by the Germans as the natural limit to their adad-

vance

ad-adad-

vance

ad-

vance

¬-vance begun on May 27th and now enoedenaeddenotedhennaeden oed as a consequenceconsequence-

of

consequen-ceof the exhaustion of the troops and difficulties of gettinggetting-up

gettin-g(9)9( ) SimondsSimons , up supplies , guns and ammunition.ammunitionammunition.II. II" (9)9(9)-

June

9J-

une(9)-

June

9J-

une(9)-

p9-

p( )

P 190June 2d marked the farthest limit of Von Boehm'sBoehmsOEMsBoehm'-

ssuccess

Boehms-

successBoehm'-

ssuccess

Boehms-

successBoehm'-

ssuccess

Boehms-

success

'

success although hee continued his efforts for another weekweek-

but

we-ek

week-

but

we-ek

week-

but

we-ekbut made comparatively small progress.progressprogress.-

Belleauprog-

ressprogress.-

Belleauprog-

ressprogress.-

Belleauprog-

ress.

BelleauBelle Woods and BoureschesOutreaches were occupied by thethe-

Germans

ste-

ersmanthe-

Germans

ste-

ersmanthe-

Germans

ste-

ersmanGermans on June 5tn5th ancbancand* they soon made their presence known.knownknown-

.It

know-

n.

It became a matuermatLermater of pride to the Second Division to regainregain-

thisregali-

tiesregain-

thisregali-

tiesregain-

thisregali-

tiesthis woods and LowntownBlown , although of no strategic value and onlyonly-

ofonl-

yof minor tactical use.useuse.-

Why

u-se

use.-

Why

u-se

use.-

Why

u-se

.

Why did the division fail to occupy these twotw-

olocalitiesto-

picalitiestw-

olocalitiesto-

picalitiestw-

olocalitiesto-

picalitieslocalities between June 1st and 5"&h5h5th"& ? The writer had beenbeen-

unableben-

dablebeen-

unableben-

dable%,.

unable to find a reasonable answer.answeranswer.-

The

answ-er

answer.-

The

answ-er

answer.-

The

answ-er

.

The German line ran from the north bank of thethe-

Marne

th-eatre

the-

MarneBo1sthe-

MarneBoisth-

eatreMarneArneMarne--Bo1sMarneBo1sMarne--BoisBoisArne--Bois de CourteauCourteousCourteau--Monneaux--Vaux--westernCourteauMonneauxVauxwesternCourteousOnegaAux--MonneauxOnega--VauxAux--western edge ofof-

Bois

o-

boist

of-

Bois

o-

boist(10)10( ) Thomas , Bois de Belleau.BelleauBelle. (10)10( ) The American line ran from the southsouth-

bank

southb-

ound

south-

bank

southb-

ound

south-p

sout-hP 994-94-

bank of the Marne-Essomes-westMarneEssomeswestMarne-EsBomes-westEsBomesArneGessoesEbonies- - edge of the Bois du Loup-LoupLou-

pCragisnortheastLou-

pOrag1snortheastLou-

pCragisnortheast-

Cragis-northeastCragisnortheastOrag1s-northeastOrag1sCrags- edge of the Bois de la Marette-eastMaretteeastMarietta- edgeedge-

ofed-

geof the Bois de Clerembauts-LucyClerembautsLucyCerebrates- le1e Bocage-Champillon.BocageChampillon.Bocage-Champi1lon.BocageChampi1lon.Champi1lon.Champi1lonBoscageHamilton- . JuneJune-

5thJune-

5thJune-

5th5th marks the end of the AisneMaine Defensive in which the SecondSecond-

andSecond-

hand

Second-

and

Second-

hand

Second-

and

Second-

handand Third Divisions participated.participatedpartioipated.partioipatedparticipated.J-

UNE

partioipated.J-

UNE

participa-ted

.

JUNE 6TH.-6TH.6TH.Fourth6THFourth. - Fourth Brigade Field Order No 2 issued2:05205: PM , June 6th covers the attackattaok of the brigade on BelleauBelleBelleau-Woods

Beleag-

ueredBelleau-

Woods

Beleag-

ueredBelleau-

Woods

Beleag-

ueredWoods and BoureschesBouresohesOutreachesNourishes made at 5:00500: PM.PM. The division issuedissued-no

issue-dno orders for the attackattaattar and neitnerneither the 6th Regiment nor tnethetinetne-

2d

the-

2d

the-

2d2d Battalion issued written orders to cover their."- " . . . . . . . . . . ' . . . . . . , .

. . . .

phasesphases1-2.

phases-12

phases-M

phas-es *. '. --12.12.-1212- . - - - -

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f

, ,t ' ' " r- . . . ..

. . .:;Y-YYVIrFVitrify.. -_-*VIrF*Vitrify *.mmttftEmmett.prfly.fb.fRprflyfbfR".*.*.. :

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fo-

ci

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, . . i&ifc-i&ifciifcif& - < *'yM'* -* i .jj:=::7-:77::-: ; =. *. . ;:r - - " -"iJSEr."iJSEr.iJSErmiser- " ." :

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of

O-

fof the attack.attackattack.-

About

attack-

ableattack.-

About

attack-

ableattack.-

About

attack-

able.

About 4-:004:00004:004004- : 00 PM the company commanderscOUllna.nderscOUllnanderscolonnades. of the 2d2d-

Battalion2d-

Battalion2d-

BattalionBattalion were assembled near h.egimentalhegimentalRegimental. Headquarters andand-

atanda-

nte

and-

atanda-

nte

and-

atanda-

nteat lj-:30lj:30304:30430- : PM the major gave a verbal order based upon thethe-

brigadehe-

rringthe-

brigadehe-

rringthe-

brigadehe-

rringbrigade order.order. The 73th78th Company was to remain in positionposition-until

posit-ion

position-until

posit-ion

position-until

posit-ionuntil the 96th Company passedpa.ssed. throughthrOU2h: its line and it waswa-

sthen

was-

hmen

wa-

sthen

was-

hmen

wa-

sthen

was-

hmenthen to follow the advance of the 96th Company.Company. The companycomoanycompany-

commanders

comp-anionate

comoany-

co

compa-ny

company-

comrianderscommanderscomrianderscoriandersco nandersmeanders barely had time to reach their companies before thethe-

timetea-

timethe-

timetea-

timethe-

timetea-

timetime of attack.attackattack.-

The

atta-ck

attack.-

The

atta-ck

attack.-

The

atta-ck

.

The plan andan . situation were hastilyha.stily. explainedexpla.ined. toto-

thet-

oteto-

thet-

oteto-

thet-

otethe platoonpla.toon. commanders of the 7th7Sth78th$ Company.Company. The attack waswa-

slaunchedas-

kancewa-

slaunchedas-

kancewa-

slaunchedas-

kancelaunched on time.time. The action of the attacking companiescompaniesJcompaniesJ-

tocompani-

es,

to our leftleftJleft, was in full view of the 73th7gth78th Company.Company. TheThe-

machineTe-

achingThe-

machineTe-

achingThe-

machineTe-

achingmachine guns of the companycompa.ny. fired on favorable targets.targets. TheThe-

96thThe-

96thThe-

96th96th Company did not pass throughtr oughHough the line of the 73th7gth78th ComCom-Corn-CornCom-

pany

Com-

panyCor-

npany

Co-

nan¬-

panypanky and at 6:00600: PM the oattalionoattal1onbattalion commander was notifiednotified-and

notifi-edand information returned that the company was to remainremain-

inremaini-

ngin place and await orders.ordersorders.-

The

orde-rs

orders.-

The

orde-rs

orders.-

The

orde-rs

.

The company was subjected to heavy fire but nono-

enemy

M-

ooney

no-

enemy

M-

ooney

no-

enemy

M-

ooneyenemy appeared in our front.front. At 9:00900: PM a runner fromfrom-

Lieutenantfrom-

Lieutenantfrom-

LieutenantLieutenant James F.F. Robertson arrived with a message thatthat-he

thatch-

edthat-

he

thatch-

edthat-

he

thatch-

edhe and twenty men of the 96th Company were in BoureschesOutreachesBouresches-and

Outreac-hesand requested help.help. This message was at once sent tot o thethe-

maj

th-em

the-

major.th-

emthe-

major.th-

emmajmamajor.majoror.or.

The company commander , 78th7gth Company , reported thethe-

conditionhe-

donisticthe-

conditionhe-

donisticthe-

conditionhe-

donisticcondition of the company as follows :

"SellersSellers" has been wounded in groin.groin. MostMost-

ofMo-

stMost-

ofMo-

stMost-

ofMo-

stof his platoon is gassed pretty badly.badly. Relief ofof-

platoonco-

pulationof-

platoonco-

pulationof-

platoonco-

pulationplatoon is necessary.necessary. Adams1Adams'Adams' platoon also has hadhad-

aha-

da goodgood.. deal of gas.gas. Let me know what oanDoan be done.donedone.II. II"I-

Ihece1vedReceivedhece1vedheceiveddeceived 10:051005JO:05JO05: PM.PMPly.PlyPM-

.v

Ply.w-

xy.

P.-

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The attack against BelleauBelle Woods was not successful.successful. FightingFighting-

inFightin-

gin the woods was from tree to tree , from rock to rock , everyevery-

availableevery-

availableevery-

availableavailable spot concealed a nest of German macninemachine guns ,

impossioleimpossible to be destroyed by artillery or grenade fire , butbut-

had

bus-

tard

but-

had

bus-

tard

but-

had

bus-

tardhad to be taken with the oayonet.oayonetbayonet.bayonet. The ground gained in thethe-

woods

She-

rwood

the-

woods

She-

rwood

the-

woods

She-

rwoodwoods was held under the most adverse conditions.conditionsconditions.-

The

conditio-ns

.

The following message from the 2d Battalion to thethe-

regimentaltem-

peramental

the-

regimentaltem-

peramental

the-

regimentaltem-

peramentalregimental commander at 9'279279:27': PM , aescrioesdescribesdescries the conditioncondition-of

conditio-nof the battalion : "RobertsonRobertson" says nehe holds BoureschesOutreaches andand-

woods

and-

roidsand-

woods

and-

roidsand-

woods

and-

roidswoods to right , withwi th most of company.companycouipany.couipanycO lpany.lpanylanky. Needs reinforcements.reinforcementsreinforcements.-

Zanereinforceme-

nts.

Zane has only one effective platoon left and can not advance.advanceadvance-

.Will

adva-nce

advance-

.Will

adva-nce

advance-

.Will

adva-nce

.

Will ask 23d Infantry to hold Messersmith1sMessersmith'sMessersmithsMesses' line and if theythey-

willthe-

y'llthey-

willthe-

y'llthey-

willthe-

y'llwill do so , will send him into town.town. Our line of resistanceresista.nceresistancef-rom

resista.ncef-

romresista-

nce.

from Lucy to MessersmithMesses should oebe'be' reinforced at once"once" .

JUNE 7TH.-7TH.7TH.At7THAt. - At 1:30130: AM the battalion commander rere-

portedre-rere-

portre-

ported¬-

portedport ed to the brigade : " 23d InfantryInfantl'YInfantlYInfant' asked me to advanceadvanc-

elineadva-

nceadvanc-

elineadva-

nceadvanc-

elineadva-

nceline to Bouresches-VauxBoureschesVauxOutreachesAux- Road wnichwhichwinch I declined to do , as itit-

meant

fi-

tmentit-

meant

fi-

tmentit-

meant

fi-

tmentmeant moving 778th79thth ComoanyCompany forward and giving up their strongstrong-

line"stron-

glinestran-

glingstrong-

line"stron-

glinestran-

glingstrong-

line"stron-

glinestran-

glingline"line" .

The Brigade at 10:101010: AM ordered the line to runrun-

from

sun-

room( ,/ from BouresoheeBoureschesBoureechesBoresOutreaches straight south to Triangle Farm.FarmFarm.InFarming. I//InInIn comcom-co-mpliance

co-mpliance

co-mpliance

¬-plianceplaice with the order , the 4thth Platoon of the 7&th7th78th& CompanyCompany-

was

Compa-nywas moved to thexthe.thehext he .& . ightghtbighthti front and extended the line of thethe-

companies

the-

osophiesthe-

companies

the-

osophiesthe-

companies

the-

osophiescompanies in Bouresches.BoureschesBoureeches.BoureechesOutreachesBouresches.-

The

Boureeches.-

The

Outreac-hes

.

The Regimental Commander at 6:50650: AM reported thethe-

7Sth

the-

78th

the-

79th7Sth78th79th Company as having had eight (8)8( & ) casualties.casualtiesoasualties.oasualties. The firstfirst-casualty

fis-cals

first-casualty

fis-cals

first-casualty

fis-calscasualty suffered in1n this sectorseotoreotorrotors was Lieutenant Eddy , USUS-

Army

Sm-

army

US-

Army

Sm-

army

US-

Army

Sm-

armyArmy , killed by shrapnelBhrapnelshrapnelABhrapnelJ-

UNE

Shrap-nel

shrapnelAJ-

UNE

shrap-nel

*

JUNE STH.-STH.gTH.-gTH.STHSETHGothSTH.ThegTH.TheSheathethither. - The companyoompany continued tot o hold the lineline-

under

inte-

nderline-

under

inte-

nderline-

under

inte-

nderunder very heavy hostile fire and any movement was certainoertainpertain toto-

be

t-oe

to-

be

t-oe

to-

be

t-oebe met by artillery or machine-gunmachinegunmaohine-gunmaohine- fire.firefire.J-

UNEfi-

refire.J-

UNEfi-

refire.J-

UNEfi-

re.

JUNE 3TH.-3TH.9TH.-9TH.3TH.A3THA9TH.A9THA. - A message from the 4-th4th4th- Brigade to the 2d2d-

Battalion

2d-

Bo.1'1a11cn.at2143

2d-

Bo11a11cnat2143

2d-

Ha4---Ha4Ha4'---Bo.1'1a11-cn-.at--2143Bo11a11cn.at2143Bo.1'1a11Bo11a11cn.at2143- -Battalion-Battalion-Battalionat2. 'tali-ntalintai-© - . at-2at2a4--2143a42143- --- 3 miP.KtPKtP'MPM.' "WhenWhen" relievedreli.Jv.ati..ta-X1.1.ghtreliJvatitaX11.ghtreli.Jv.ati..taX1.1.ghtX11ght. !v.ad-.to-nv.ad.tonevade. . .- .±. o-nightonight- .i .ghtht bybt) thethe.. 3d3d-

1U

3d-

f

3d-

r\\ff\ '\ ' ''_'' '''' r"""" m,,," t44.Nnt44Nn..r*_+.if ,. n., . 'tt' < < .*.,"fO.-"fO.fO"fO."J" ( . .,. . iv_* ... .-<" N4.914N4914.v,. , . . .. "d-1.1d1.1"dd1.1" tj"JJ"- . ttJ6V.6Vtat..".. rj-r.rjr.Lf'r..Y.rLfrYrFryer,I/I/ -"'" .. *"" :*". rM_*** jffJ-jffJAM'JAMJjiffAMjffJttf't.jffJttft_'" V.V*,-.,. . ttf't.ttfttuft.... ' ',,&. \r.OIM"tfr.OIM"tfrOIMtfriot\ f.MfM< . rr!fhYFYI'(' ,WlfVTLeftPf'1f:3Pf1f3"' ::' ,.". .' .;-:-.I.I-. W: .

A.A.'. *'!'. .II'tt.' C/iCi-1U-1UA:-/ '1U-tj WtfiWtl1i, -K . ***.+.*.*... *_<**-*#. \ l-l..-

_-ll- .l.l.-.l.l.. . . - A f.f.. .4.4.4. 4d"k4VdW1I4dk4VdW1I<*....".*... * ".._wMFriplM.'MM'wMFriplMMMfcMWW... .|... *..' .,. . .00000.00000.00000.' *Mfr.MfrMfr.lMfr. *..+..|//llW'-XW'WX'';. ."Cf"ot'"f.CfotfCot-"'(Y V" '" .. "WIWWIW_WI" . *+** 'NN'" M'M,'

. . .. . , . . . . ' ... .

.

.

. ,

.. . . " .

. .

'.MM.

Battalion , 5th Marines , march your battalion to thethe-

eastthe-

reatthe-

eastthe-

reatthe-

eastthe-

reateast edge of woods southwest of Lucy , south of thethe-

streamth-

eatrethe-

streamth-

eatrethe-

streamth-

eatrestream Gobert"GobertGobbet" . The good news contained in this messagemessage-

reachedmes-

sagemessage-

reachedmes-

sage! reached the company at dusk.duskdusk.-

An

dus-

kdusk.-

An

dus-

kdusk.-

An

dus-

k.

An assembly point at La CenseCease Farm was desigdesig-designdesig-

nateddesig-

nateddesig-

nated¬-

natedmated and preparation for relief made.made. The relievingrelievingc-ompany

relie-ving

relievingc-ompany

relie-ving

relievingc-ompany

relie-vingcompany arrived about 10:151015: PM.PM. The relief was efef-

fectedef-efef-

fectedef-

fected¬-

fectedfeted without casualties but the enemy put downdO TI heavyheav-yartillery

heav-yartillery

heav-yartilleryartillery fire , seemingly sensing thaithat a relief was taktak-tacktak-

ingtak-

ingtak-

ing

¬-

ingKing place.place.,.

The company arrived at the designateddesignate areaarea-

about

mar-

abouarea-

about

mar-

abouarea-

about

mar-

abouabout 3:00300: AM , June 10th and had their firstfitstfits hot foodfood-

sincefo-

odsfood-

sincefo-

odsfood-

sincefo-

odssince May 30th.30th.

JUNE 10TH TO JUNE l14TH14TH-

JUNE

14TH-

JUNE

THTH-

JUNE

TH-

UNDERJUNE 10TH.-10TH.10TH.The10THThe. - The entire battalion was not rere-

lievedre-rere-

lievedre-

lieved

¬-

lievedleaved the night of June 9-10910- , the remainderremainder of the bat-

talionbatbat-bat-

talionbat-

talion¬-

taliontalon was relieved the night of June 10-11.1011.1011.- . BrigadeBrigade-

FieldBrig-

adeBrigade-

FieldBrig-

adeBrigade-

FieldBrig-

adeField Order No 4-44issued- issued at 55:45545*: 5 PM placed the battalionbattalion-in

battalio-nin brigade reserve.reservereserve.-

The

reser-vereserve.-

The

reser-vereserve.-

The

reser-ve

.

The day was spent by the fBtli78thbattling Company in an enen-

deavor

en-enen-

deavor

en-

deavor

¬-deavordevoir to get clean and a thorough overhauling of equip-

ment.

equip-

ment

equipequip-equip-

ment.

equip-

ment

equip-

ment.

equip-

ment

¬-ment.mentmeant. The YMCA appeared on the scene and made an efforteffort-to

effo-rtto sell their wares , but a sudden stop was put to theirtheir-

activityiter-

ativetheir-

activityiter-

ativetheir-

activityiter-

ativeactivity and a free issue made of what they had in theirtheir-

truckHer-

ricktheir-

truckHer-

ricktheir-

truckHer-

ricktruckThe brigade commander in his report to thethe-

divisiontel-

evisionthe-

divisiontel-

evisionthe-

divisiontel-

evisiondivision states ;: "TheTheuThe" 2d Battalion , 6th Marines , has beenbeen-

inben-

inbeen-

inben-

inbeen-

inben-

inin the line continuallyoontinually fighting since the night of JuneJune-

1st"Jun-

e1stJune-

1st"Jun-

e1stJun-

e1st"Jun-

e1st1st"1st"." . In reference to the condition of the brigade he rere-

portsre-rere-

portsre-

ports¬-

ports : "ItsIts" line has recededreoeded nowhere and has everywhereeverywhere-

advanced.

every-where

everywhere-

advanced.

every-where

everywhere-

advanced.

every-whereadvanced.advanced. OfficersOffioers and men are now at a state scarcelysoarcelyscarcely-

lesssoarcely-

lessscarc-

elyless than completeoomplete physicalphysioal exhaustion.exhaustion. Men fall asleepasleep-

underasl-

eepasleep-

underasl-

eep. . . . . . . . . . . ' . . . h _ '_._ _ ' ._ .. . ... . . . . , " _ . . . . . . . ' " '_ ' _ . _. . .. . . - . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . - . .-.

under bombardment and the physical exhaustion andand.. thethe.-

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-15-15-15-

M

15-1515-

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tel:-.;

' ' *' ** . 11'1. :' : : : '. 01"01" *" '"" '*< 1Rmono* sw.sw. *"'9fdrMN.ihir9fdrMNihir9fdrM-

N.ihirmorale

9fdrM-

Nihirmorale

**** * ir ._ . . .., . .., ........ ....

... . ., .. ..... . .. ...... ... .... ..... .. .. ... ._ ..... . ... . . . . .' ', ; ) . . .,

' J-1fMW-J'J1fMWJ'*. ! *. *. .Tl ' ". * - < ' . . .: 'JJ;::; SfiSufi T'T!!- :' . .*:'.:'

.

.II. '.-' ' '.. ---'_:

.. , . .-_. .-.- ..---- . ." .

'.

- . . ..'"_ . .. ._ - . . .

j- -' , . ... .*.!..>. .

>

.*"..".> - ... ..r.-.*.......... . . .-.-_frwavfrtFrankfort

. . ... ...:.

"

.

"."

. :fciMfoci.. "" .. . . ._*.

. .

-.

._ . . .I.I.'.<:';

-.

: .-.

>

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'.. , . ;

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. ..%_v4....;.-*..: :.

...

morale , which should be met by immediate arrangements forfor-1

for-

thefo-

rte/11/1-

the/'

. the relief of this brigade.brigade.\\ . . .,' The talk among officers and soldiers of thet he FrenchFrench-

Array

Fren-ch

French-

Army

Fren-ch

French-

Army

Fren-chArrayArmy , whom this brigade relieved , appeared to be that concon-co-nstant

co-nstant

co-nstant

¬-stantstat fighting for five or six days by them excused them forfor-

fallingco-

rrallingfor-

fallingco-

rrallingfor-

fallingco-

rrallingfalling back before the enemy.enemy. This brigadeJl'1gadeJl1gade' 1msha.shas. moremormoor thanthan-

douuledha-

ndfulthan-

douuledha-

ndfulthan-

douoledtab-

ooeddouuleddouoleddulleddoubled the time which they considered exhausted them andand-

has

pan-

das

and-

has

pan-

das

and-

has

pan-

dashas advancedadv ancbanc ed againstagainst and heldhelheel d the enemy duringdurdour ingKing all that time.timetime.II. II"

(11)11( ) Brigade (11)11(11)-P

11-P

(11-)P33&

11-P33( )

PP33&P3333 &314-31434- JUNE 11TH.-11TH.llTH.-llTH.lilt11TH.The11THThellTH.The. - The rest of the battalion joined thethe-

7Sth

the-

7gth

the-

78th7Sth7gth78th Company during the early morning and wasVIasVials assigned byby-

brigadeb-

yroadby-

brigadeb-

yroadby-

brigadeb-

yroadbrigade as corps reserve and inarchedmarchedarchedpinnacledi'i' during the night ofof-

June

soj-

ourned

of-

June

soj-

ourned

of-

June

soj-

ournedJune 11-121112- to La Sableonniere Wood (170.0-259.5)1700259.5(170.01700259.5)2595( . - . ) relievingrelieving-the

relievi-ngthe 3d Battalion , 6th Marines.Marines. The day passed quietly.quietlyquietly.J-

UNE

quie-tly

quietly.-

JUlaquie-

tlyquietly.J-

UNE

quie-tly

.

JUNEJUlaJulia 12TH.-12TH.l2TH.-l2TH.12TH.In12THInl2TH.Inl2THIn. - In Corps Reserve Area , the men foundfound-

shoesfou-

ndsfound-

shoesfou-

ndsfound-

shoesfou-

ndsshoes , clothing and underwear that replacementsrepla.cemen'tsrepla.cementereplacementereplacement.' hadha abanABAaban-

doned

a, an-anan-

doned

ad-

orned

¬-doneddonned upon being ordered to the front.front. The men of thethe-

battalionte-

arstainthe-

battalionte-

arstainthe-

battalionte-

arstainbattalion were only too glad tot o replace their worn out shoesshoes-

andsho-

esshoes-

nd

sho-es

shoes-

andsho-

esandnd replenish theirtheil'theilEthel' empty packs.packs. A fine rest was enjoyedenjoyed-

and

enjoy-ed

enjnj oyedhoyedoyed-

and

yea-

nedand the nearby stream afforded an opportunity for bathing.bathingbathing.J-

UNEbathi-

ngbathing.J-

UNEbathi-

ngbathing.J-

UNEbathi-

ng.

JUNE 13TH.-13TH.l3TH.-l3TH.13TH.About13THAboutl3TH.Aboutl3THAbout. - About 12:401240: AM the battalion receivedreceived-a

receive-da message from the brigade issued at 12:151215: AM : "InformationInformation"Information-

receivedInformation-

receivedInform-

ation"Information-

reoeivedInformation-

reoeivedInform-

ation"Information-

receivedInformation-

receivedInform-

ation"

receivedreoeived of a possible attack on the Bois de BelleauBelle fromfrom-

north

frog-

mouth

from-

north

frog-

mouth

from-

north

frog-

mouthnorth and northwest to-night.tonight.night- . Please move your battalion toto-

woods

to-

mcods

to-

woods

to-

mcods

to-

woods

to-

mcodswoods northwest of LucyLuoyLousy (1717(174.0-261.5)1740261.5(174.01740261.5)2615( + .0-261.5)0261.5.0261.5)2615. - . ) to arrive at 32503:50350: AM.AMAM-

.Hold

Ar-

mhole

AM-

.Hold

Ar-

mhole

AM-

.Hold

Ar-

mhole

.

Hold it in reserve in woods there pending further orders.orders. "

The battalion arrived in the designated woods on time.timetime.-

A

tim-e

.

A statement made at brigade headquarters by a dyingdying-

German

dig-ger

dying-

German

dig-ger

dying-

German

dig-gerGerman officer , was to the effect that the enemy had broughtbrought-

up

broug-

htup a fresh division and intended to attack at dawn.dawn. The 2d2d-

Battalion2d-

Battalion2d-

BattalionBattalion had barely arrived in position when a message fromfrom-

thefrot-

hed

from-

thefrot-

hed

from-

thefrot-

hedthe brigade was receivedreoeCreole vedvend statingatatiAtari that thet e enemy had retakenretaken-

Bouresches

retretaken-

Bouresohes

kenken-

SourlsohlsBoureschesSourlsohlsBouresohesOutreachesSoulsNourishes and orderingorderiorder ig the commander'ommommcomm' i r "oT'toTtOttoofi''theithe"thethelithei''the2nd"'Sattithe2ndSatt''"'

he 2d2nd"'Satt2ndSatt""BatBat"'JBattalToiTBattalionJBattalToiT-

16taltail'ff'f-

16

f-

16

'ion

- ' - . -+-

. 1, :; .I'IR'RE.. ' /E.E./ .. . ,

..wnw..r.waywnwrwaywww." ... .-. 1/J1J./ ...ICNY/t1".ICNYt1.ICNYt1"t1ICY. ,/: :-"

.1p-.M1p.M1p.Mfry- .cc.. : ..nCnC... ..+rr.rr. .... .. NM...:71fl TYATTY :!-OO2I'1OO2I'1OO2I1-!.

w" :" ;!:Y; Mr'i.KMriKMari' .I.I.' . .,# W :, "!;:. iNl/M"iNlM"Min/? " 7 : . . "" ,. . , .. .rr. _-16-16-

_

16"-

rl'

16-

rl

16.-

I'

16-

I

16-

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.\. .:-.:. ...I.I.. .

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.....:, .. ...r'r. :.'oh:.;*:-.1iir:1i.1iir1i.1iir1i.

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......rr. -wlt".lwltlwall- -"':,. .!. ._... R.R:.=.. .. :. .. . . - - .wwr_ - -

to take two companies of his battalion andan move to thethe-

woods

She-

rwood

the-

woods

She-

rwood

the-

woods

She-

rwoodwoods southeast of Lucy with a view of.of. f counterattacking.counterattackingcounterattacking.-

The

counterattacki-ng

counterattcounteract ck1ng.ck1ngck1ng.-

The

ck1ng-

The

.

The 78th7 th and 9&th9th96th& Companies were sent on this mission andand-

covered

An-

doverand-

covered

An-

doverand-

covered

An-

dovercovered the dangerous two kilometers of open country toto-

the

to-

teto-

the

to-

teto-

the

to-

tethe position designateddesignated"," in a very open formation anda.nd. onon-

theM-

onte

on-

theM-

onte

on-

theM-

ontethe double.double. Fortunately , the enemy did not show anyan-yactivity

an-alyticity

an-yactivity

an-alyticity

an-yactivity

an-alyticityactivity and the area waswa.s. reachedreacreach ed about SCO8:00800SCOT: AM.AMAM-

.The

A-

.M.

AM-

.The

A-

.M.

AM-

.The

A-

.M.

.

The battalion commandercOliluandercoimianderHollander,: was notifiednotified. . upon thethe-

arrivalthe-

atricalthe-

arrivalthe-

atricalthe-

arrivalthe-

atricalarrival in position that the reported capture of BourescliesBoureschesBorecolesOutreachesBouresclies-

was

Bouresches-

was

Borecol-es

Outreach-eswas false.false. The two companies were orderedordel'edordeledmodeled' to dig in alongalong-

eastlong-

estalong-

eastlong-

estalong-

eastlong-

esteast edge of the woods aridand await orders.ordersorders.-

The

orde-rs

orders.-

The

orde-rs

orders.-

The

orde-rs

.

The brigade issued Field OrderOr er No 5 at 14:30430:3030: PM ,

ordering a rearrangement of the line.line. Paragraph 3 ( b ) "ToTo"To-

carryTo-

carryTo-

piary

II""To-

carryTo-

carryTo-

piary

ToT-

ocarry

T-

opiarycarry out the foregoing arrangement of sectors the folfol-foolfol-

lowing

fol-

lowing

fol-

lowing

¬-lowing movements of battalions will take place aeaaas soon asas-

darkness

a-

dornsas-

darkness

a-

dornsas-

darkness

a-

dornsdarkness permits , to-nighttonightto-niy-htniyhtnyto-nitoni- 'htht'- , June 13th.13th. " " 2d Battalion ,

6th Marines to relieve 2d Battalion , 5th Marines in BoisBois-

de

Boi-

seBois-

de

Boi-

seBois-

de

Boi-

sede Belleau"BelleauBelle" .

Word of this move was given to the 96th and 7Sth7gth78th7Sth-

Companies

7gth-

Companies

78th-

CompaniesCompanies about 55:30530: 30 PM , with instructions : that guidesguides-

wouldgui-

desguides-

wouldgui-

desguides-

wouldgui-

deswould report from the 2d BattalionBattalion"," 5th Marines ; that MessMesaMes-

sSergeants

Mes-

sSergeants

Mes-

aSergeants

Esc-apementsSergeants would bring hot food for the companiescompa.nies. at midmid-mid-

nightmid-

nightmid-

night¬-

night ; that companfecompan.ecompanecompaniescompanied:. s would not be withdrawnthdrawnthrownwi from theirtheir-fox

the-ir

their-fox

the-ir

their-fox

the-irfox holes until just shortly before midnight ; andand"," that thethe-

reliefet-

herealthe-

reliefet-

herealthe-

reliefet-

herealrelief would be made about 1:00100: AM , June 1l1th.1th14th.14th-th.th.th- . The comcom-com-

paniescom-

paniescom-

panies

¬-paniespansies were ordered out of fox holes about 11ll11511:1.5111.51115: -55-. PM.PMPM-

.JUNE

PM-

.JUNE

PM-

.JUNE

.

JUNE llJ-TH.-llJTH.14TH.-14TH.AllllJTH.The14TH.The14THThel -TH.-TH.TH.The. - The mess sergeants arrived with sufsuf-surfsuf-

ficientsuf-

fioientsuf-

ficientsuf-

ficient¬-

ficientfioientincidentviolent food for a hot meal and enough for another meal whichwhiohwhich-

thewhi-

chwhioh-

thewhich-

thewhi-

chthe men were to carry in their messmesa kits.kits. Unfortunately ,

promptly at midnight the BoohBochBoothBloch put down upon our positionposition-a

position-ala very heavy concentrationooncentration ofo f mustard gas.gas. A number ofof-

directfa-

ddiestof-

directfa-

ddiestof-

directfa-

ddiestdirect hits were made.made. The food could not be.beb.CtbCtCtb.e._ eaten.eateneat.en.eaten.W.-

V..11a

eatenW-

V11a

. .

... .. .. . , . . ..,. . .... ... .. . ' ., "''tt- w'. ' 7 YIMYIN 'rG.LprrGLprgulper'.

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: :;.ll. !!! ! ::'= : 7'7' -

,.. .

. "! : " -' -" -- "! "" : -1'ft'I:.; ... 'T' ,. -1'ft1'ft1ft.. ,i. y. rrrrs* : \rrsrrserrs\; :; !": :-; : ua r 8ggy-i8ggyi- t.1.t1.t1 * J./wJ.w/

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'\ u.u.;.<.:::;; .::;:-; 2iA'ii.r.2iAiir.2iAiir2iA'ii.r.isaraiSidz.2iAiirisaraiSidze:1e1: :3.' . +..:. .:...r.-.r...:.. .. . .

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jj-

From

F-

rom

.. ..

From nowhere a battalion of the 2Jd23d Infantry arrivedarrived-and

arriv-ed

arrived-nd

arrive-dandnd mingled with the two companies of the 2d Battalion.BattalionBattalion.-

ImmediatelyBatt-

alionBattalion.-

ImmediatelyBatt-

alionBattalion.-

ImmediatelyBatt-

alion.

Immediately the gas shelling starteustartestartedstartle , permission to movemov-

ethe

overt-

hrew

mov-

ethe

overt-

hrew

mov-

ethe

overt-

hrewthe companies into another area or to proceed with thethe-

reliefet-

herealthe-

reliefet-

herealthe-

reliefet-

herealrelief was requested , outbut refused.refused. Gas discipline waswa-

sexceedingly

wa-

sexceedingly

wa-

sexceedinglyexceedingly difficult to enforce.enforce. Word was finally rere-

ceivedre-rere-

ceivede-ee-

ceived

d-

eceived

¬-ceivedcleaved to make the relief.relief. Only one guide hddhadhided reportedreported-

and

report-edand he went with the leading platoon.platoon. The other platoonsplatoons-

were

plato-ons

platoons-

wereplato-

onswere warned to keep closed up , but just as the marchmarc-

hstarted

mac-hinated

marc-

hstarted

mac-hinated

marc-

hstarted

mac-hinatedstarted aa.., number of shellsshellashellac hit and orokeCrokeCookeCoke upu-ouo- the formationformation.formation.-

When

format-ion

*.

When the companies , 778thth and 9&th9th96th& arrived at the placepla.ce. ofof-

reliefL-

oreleiof-

reliefL-

oreleiof-

reliefL-

oreleirelief I, the conditioncondicondo t ion of the menJl1en was such that the concon-con-

templatedcon-

templatedcon-

templated

¬-templatedtemplate relief was irnpossiole.irnpossioleimpossible.impossibleinapposite. Lieutenant Colonel WiseWise-

atWis-

est

Wise-

atWis-

est

Wise-

atWis-

estat 6:05605: AM reported as follows : "HolcombHolcombColombo" arrived with l-JlJIflilJ-

companies

Ifc-

ompa.nies

In-

constancies

lic-

ompaniesin-

constancies

-

.companiescompa.nies. at 3:003003 : 00 AM , and oohero.tjherotjherChermoocherotherCheero two companies badly brokenbroken-

upbrok-

enup , from shells and gas.gas. AooutAbout 150 of these have showedshowed-

up.

show-edup.up. My men physically unaoleunable to make another attack.attack. HaveHav-

ejust

Hav-

ensHav-

ejust

Hav-

ensHav-

ejust

Hav-

ensjust made another reconnaissance of the line and considerconsider-

my

consid-ermy present line unsafe unless whole woods are in ourour-

possessionso-

urpussesour-

possessionso-

urpussesour-

possessionso-

urpussespossession and not enough troops on hand and if these woodswood-

sare

woods-

crew

wood-

sare

woods-

crew

wood-

sare

woods-

creware taken there must be enough troops to hold themortenor, itit-

willt-

willit-

willt-

willit-

willt-

willwill be the same story again ; that is they will filter in.inin.-

The

In-

tecin.-

The

In-

tecin.-

The

In-

tec.

The woods are larger than shown.shown. Request permission toto-

withdrawt-

witchedto-

withdrawt-

witchedto-

withdrawt-

witchedwithdraw slightly to make the line safer and that HolcombHoloombColomboHolcomb-

be

Holoomb-

beChoo-

mbe given more men as many of them here have had gas.gas. SomeSome-

gas

Ome-

gas(12)12( ) Brigade , gas here"here" . (12)12(12)-P

12-P

(12)-

The

12-The

( )

P 4-74747-7The JStk7gth79thJest Company suffered 110 gas casualtiesoasualties andand-

about

gad-

about

and-

about

gad-

about

and-

about

gad-

aboutabout 40 killed or wounded.wounded. The company commanderoommandercommandergthcommander, /gthgth7gth78thGoth7gth-

Oompany

78th-

Company

/gth-

Company

Th-ompsonCompanyOompany , was evaouatedevacuated , blind from gas at 10:001000: AM , June114* , 19119115.1911519190* .

The 7Sth78th CompanyOompany , from May 31st to July 5th lostlost-

V'M

lost-

VM

lo-

stV'MVM7.1lIJt71lIJt7.7.

.

.

.

'

.

'...

.

-1lI/Jt1lIJt*:{-. .

"7JIf/ <<; N/-I'/NI'INI''J"Af/AfAflrfMlAlarm!. .

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.,.,

. .

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.

"

. .

</ ..:

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;"-T7"T7''h'h' ' '

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1 officer anaand 20 men killedkilled"," 3 officersof icersdicers andan abouta.bout. ioO160Riol O menmen-

wounded

den-

ouncedmen-

wounded

den-

ouncedmen-

wounded

den-

ouncedwounded orer gassed.gassedgaesegages . No member of the company was capturedcaptured-

by

captur-edby the enemy.enemyenemy.-

No

ene-my

.

No history of the J&thJth78thThe& CompanyCompa.ny. would be completecomplete-

withoutcom-

pletecomplete-

withoutcom-

pletecomplete-

withoutcom-

pletewithout reference to the record of the brigade of which itit-

was

vi-

tasit-

was

vi-

tasit-

was

vi-

taswas aa.., part.part."WhileWhile" fighting WPSW3.6W36wasPS. continuous and attacks andand-

counterattacksand-

countera.ttacksand-

counterattackscounterattackscountera.ttacks. were numerousnumerous"," during; the periodper'iedperiedperiled' JuneJune266-26626-26- ,

191S1918 , inclusiveinclusive"," and all battalions served on the actualactual-

frontact-

ualactual-

front"actua-

lfrontact-

ualactual-

frontact-

ualfrontfront"," the Marines madelYJa.d.elYJade. . seven (7)7( 7)7) main attacks , as folfol-foolfol-

lows

fol-

lows

fol-

lows

¬-lows : At 33:453453x: + 5 AM , June 6th by the 1st BattyBattalionlion , 5th5th-

Marines

5th-

Marines"

5th-

Marines5th-

MarinesMarinesMarines"," Hill 14-2142142* - oeingbeingBoeing captured ; at 5CO5:00500: PMPM"PM," JuneJW1e 6th byby-

theb-

yteby-

theb-

yteby-

theb-

ytethe 3d BattalionBattalion"," 5th MarinesMarines"," 2d B Battaliontta11onJ, 6th MarinesMarines-

and

Marin-es

Marines-

and

Marin-es

Marines-

and

Marin-esand 3d-3d3dBattalion- BattalionBattalion"," 6th MarinesMarines"," BoureschesOutreaches being capturedcaptured-

and

captur-edand a foothold secured in the southern part of the BoisBois-

de

Boi-se

Bois-

de

Boi-se

Bois-

de

Boi-sede BelleauBelle ; at 4:304304+ :3030: AM , June 10th by 1st BattalionBattBatty ion , 6th6th-

Marines

6th-

Marines

6th-

MarinesMarines , an advance being made in the Bois de BelleauBelle ; at4:30430.:' 30 AM , June llth11th"11thlilt," by 2d Battalion , 5th Marines an advanceadvance-

oeingadvanc-

ement

advance-

beingadvanc-

ement

advance-

beingadvanc-

ementoeingbeingBoeing made in the Bois de BelleauBelle ; at 6:00600: PM , June 12th ,

by 2d Battalion , 5"th5th" MarinesMa.rines. , an advance being made in thethe-

Bois

the-

ories

the-

Bois

the-

ories

the-

Bois

the-

oriesBois de BelleauBelle ; at 7:00700: PM June 23d by 3d Battalion , 5th5th-

Marines

5th-

Marines

5th-

MarinesMarines , in the north of the Bois de BelleauBelle ; and at 5:005005:00-

PM

500P-

M5:00-

PM

500P-

M5:00-

PM

500P-

M:

PM , June 25th by 3d BattadonBatta.tonBattatonBattalion. , 5th Marines , in the north endend-

of

send-

off

end-

of

send-

off

end-

of

send-

offof Bois de BelleauBelle ,, which resulted in the final clearing(13)13( ) McOlellanMcClellanCopelandMacmillan of the Bois de BelleauBelle of the enemy.enemyenemy.uenemyuenemy. " (13)13(13-

)"Belleau13-

Belleau(13-

)"Belleau13-

Belleau(13-

)"Belleau13-

Belleau( )

"BelleauBelleauBelle" Woods skirmish in the World War , was forfor-

thefo-

rtefor-

thefo-

rtefor-

thefo-

rtethe United States the biggest oattlebattle'battle' since Appomattox andand-

theant-

hem

and-

theant-

hem

and-

theant-

hemthe most considerable engagement American Troops had evereveever-

had

over-

hand

eve-

had

evenh-

anded

ever-

had

over-

handhad with a foreign enemy.enemy. Not in the Revolution , the MexicanMexican-

War

Mexic-an

Mexican-

War

Mexic-an

Mexican-

War

Mexic-anWar , or the Spanish Conflict had as many soldiers par-parpar-

(14

par-

14par-

tioipatedpar-

ticipatedpar-

(14)

pa-

r14-

(14-(1414(14)(14Simonds14Simonds( - ) SimondsSimons , tioipatedticipatedetiolatedinculpated in a single battle"battle" . (14)14(14)-P

14-P

( )

P 191

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COMMENTS AND LESSONSLESSON-

SIn

Lessoni-

ngIn a study of any element oiof the FourthFourth-

BrigadeFort-

hrightFourth-

BrigadeFort-

hrightFourth-

BrigadeFort-

hrightBrigade during its operation iaill1i the BelleauBelle Woods areaarea-

one

reaso-

ned

area-

one

reaso-

ned

area-

one

reaso-

nedone is most strikingly impressed by the direct exerciseexercise-of

exerci-seof commandcomrDand by the brigade commander.commandercOffillander.cOffillanderconaander.conaanderconfidante! . RegimentalRegimenta.l. comcom-com-

manders

com-

manders

com-

manders

¬-mandersmaunders were more or less eliminated from the chain ofof-

command

H-

offmanof-

command

H-

offmanof-

command

H-

offmancommand and orders issued directly to battalion comcom-com-

manders

com-

mandere

co-mmander

com-

manders

¬-mandersmanderemaundersmaundered by the brigade.brigade. The system worked in a mostmos-

tsatisfactorymos-

tsatisfactorymos-

tsatisfactorysatisfactory manner under the severe strain of activeactive-operations.

active-operations.

active-operations.operations.operations. This might be used as an argument to elimielimi-delimitelimi-

nateelimi-

nateelimi-

nate¬-

natemate the regimental command from the present chain.chain. AtAt-

no

A-

ttn

At-

no

A-

ttn

At-

no

A-

ttnno time were orders issued directly to companies by thethe-

brigadehe-

rringthe-

brigadehe-

rringthe-

brigadehe-

rringbrigade but it so happens tnatthatnattthatryetheatreat ine-ryeryecine- ne regimental commandercommande-

rin

commandeeri-

ngin a number of situations issued orders directly to comcom-com-

panies.

com-

panies

com-

panies.

com-

panies

com-

panies.

com-

panies¬-

panies.paniespansies. In each instance where orders were issuediSEued didi-

rectlydi-didi-

rectlydi-

rectly¬-

rectlyrectally to companies it was done to gain time and as a rulerule-

inruli-

ng

rule-

inruli-

ng

rule-

inruli-

ngin the presence of the battalion'battalion' commander concerned.concerned. TheTh-

eprincipleH-

eparinTh-

eprincipleH-

eparinTh-

eprincipleH-

eparinprinciple of cooperation was not strictly observed underunde-

rexistingunder-

exposing

unde-

rexistingunder-

exposing

unde-

rexistingunder-

exposingexisting chain of command.commandcommand.-

The

Comm-and

.

The 7Sth78th79th Company mayma.y. have violated the principleprinciple-of

princip-leof cooperation upon its entry into the line , in that itit-

did

pi-

tied'/ did not at once connect with the company in Lucy de Bocage.BocageSocage.SocageBoscageDockageBocage.-

The

Socage.-

The

Bosca-ge

.

The company failed to receive cooperation in one case only.onlyonly.-

Inonl-

y.

In a call for artillery fire by use of a rocket signal ,

the artillery remained silent.silentsilent.-

The

sile-nt

silent.-

The

sile-nt

silent.-

The

sile-nt

.

The company had no real opportunity to exerciseexercise-

theexerci-

sethe principles of surprise , mass and economy of force.forceforce-

.Its

forfe-

itsforce-

.Its

forfe-

itsforce-

.Its

forfe-

its.

Its movements on the field of battle were suchsuch-

asschw-

asas to protect the company from hostile fire and conductedconducted-

inconduct-

edin such a manner as to arrive with the greatest number ofof-

effectives.

of-

effeot1wes.

of-

effeot1wes

of-

effectiares.

o-

fficiateseffectives.effectiveseffeot1wes.effeot1weseffectiares.effectiareseffectuates. The principleprinoiple of movement and securityseourity maymaynr-

rm'nnK.viv'je

mayn-

rrmnnKvivje

may-

20

mayy-

W

ma-

y-20-20-20--20jl-

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{ have been violatedviolated.heviolatedihehe-.he.he'-(., morning ofCJf June l14th11thth , omou'loulou-LouL'-, if suchsuc-

hcriticismsch-

olasticism

suc-

hcriticismsch-

olasticism

suc-

hcriticismsch-

olasticismcriticism applies it is due to reflection 10 years afterafter-after-wards.

after-

wards

after-wards.

after-

wards

after-wards.

after-

wards

¬-wards.wards. The company was alwaysa1 way s ready and anxious forfor-

cattlefor-

ecastle

for-

battlefor-

ecastle

for-

battlefor-

ecastlecattlebattle and never lost sightsigl1t of the fact that theth GermansGermanGermans-

were

Germa-

nder

ss-

were

s-

wervewere our reason for being in France.France. The principlesprincipletofprincipleprincipletof-the

princip-le

ofof-

the

of-

tenof-

the

of-

tenthe offensive and objective were alwaysa.lways. paramount.paramountparamount.-

The

paramo-unt

.

The capture of BelleauBelle Woods and BourescheeBouresGhesBoureschesBorschNourishesOutreaches waswas-

of

w-as

was-

of

w-as

was-

of

w-asof little11 ttletitle strategicstra.tegic. or tactical value to eithere1 therether the SecondSecond-

DivisionSec-

ondedSecond-

DivisionSec-

ondedSecond-

DivisionSec-

ondedDivision or to the Germans.Germans. It was rather a determinationdetermination-

on

determinati-onon the part of the division to show the caliber of AmericanAmerica-

ntroops

Amer-ican

America-

ntroops

Amer-ican

America-

ntroops

Amer-icantroops and a matter of pride for the Germans to check anyany-

advanceRa-

madanany-

advanceRa-

madanany-

advanceRa-

madanadvance attempted by the Americans.Americans. General LudendorffEluded onon-

June

co-

njure

on-

June

co-

njure

on-

June

co-

njureJune 3thgth8thGoth issued the followingfollowinE order to all armya.rmy. groupsgroups-

on

grou-pson the Western Front : "AmericanAmerican" units appearinga.ppearing. on thethe-

frontthe-

reonthe-

front

the-

reonthe-

front

the-

reonfront should oeDeire hit particularly hard in order to render difdif-dif-

ficultdif-

ficultdif-

ficult¬-

ficultfaculty the formation of an American Army.Army. " The SecondSecond-

DivisionSec-

ondedSecond-

DivisionSec-

ondedSecond-

DivisionSec-

ondedDivision helped to impress the-thethevaluechevalierth - value of American troops uponupon-

lupo-

n

upon-

thePo-

nte(1)1( l ) Otto , the GermansGermans. ,. (1)1(1)It-

MC'

1It-

MC

( l )

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QUESTIONS

1.1. What system was used to evacuateevacuaevacuate te woundedwounctedwonted and killed ?

Answer : To each platoon an hospital aoprenticea.oprenticeapprentice. was attachedattached--4attached4-- 4-44to- toto-

each

te-

achto-

each

te-

achto-

each

te-

acheach company.company. A mailman who'who' waswa.s. hit received immediateimlediA.teimlediAteimiediat:! . e attentionattentionf-rom

attenti-onfrom the corpsman.corpsman. If aoleableanolea le to walk , the manlnannan made the oestestbest olof hishis-

way

high-

way

his-

way

high-

way

his-

way

high-

wayway to the Aid Station ; ifif'if'unableifunablefundable' unableun JoleJoule to walk stretcherstr'strstar' etcher bearers camecame-

tocam-

eo

came-

tocam-

eo

came-

tocam-

eoto the company PC and.and. got methe wounded man.man. TueTl1eTheTues maninaninaneIn an was carriedcarried-to

carrie-dto the comoanycompany PC by'by' membersrnemberrenumbers of his platoon.platoon. If enemy fire waswas-

too

wa-

stewas-

too

wa-

stewas-

too

wa-

stetoo heavy the manman'manman'asmanasNanas' as a, rule was not movedwaved until after dark.dark. MenMen-

who

Men-

thol

Men-

who

Men-

thol

Men-

who

Men-

tholwho were killed were examined by tnethetine corpsman and as a rule alal-

lowed

al-alal-

lowed

al-

lowed

¬-lowed to remainrema.in. in their "foxfox" hole"hole" until evening wnenneon they werewer-

ecarried

mer-

cerizedwer-

ecarried

mer-

cerizedwer-

ecarried

mer-

cerizedcarried to a designateddesigna.ted. place.place.

2.2. How was ammunition supplied ?

Answer : The comoanycompany entered the line with belts filled and carcar-car-

rying

car-

rylng

car-

rying

car-

rying

¬-ryingrylngcrying two extra bandoliers of ammunition.ammunitionamlwnition.amlwnitionadmonition. Within two days afterafter-

ouraft-

erafter-

ouraft-

erafter-

ouraft-

erour entry into the line extra ammunitionammunitioL waswas sent in with thethe-

rationsite-

rationsthe-

ra.tions

ite-

rationsthe-

rationsite-

rationsrationsra.tions. every night.night. This waswa.s. carried from the battalion rationrationd-

umpratio-

nedrationd-

umpratio-

nedrationd-

umpratio-

neddump directly to the platoons.platoons. The y&thyth78th7gthmyth& Company was fortunatefortunatee-

noughfortu-

natefortunatee-

noughfortu-

natefortunatee-

noughfortu-

nateenough always to have ammunition.ammunition.

3.3. Were administrative reports made ?

Answer : The company was required to report ataia least four times aa-

day

W-

ada

a-

day

W-

ada

a-

day

W-

adaday as to the number of casualties , the condition of the companycompany-

and

compa-ny

company-

and

compa-ny

company-

and

compa-nyand its activities.activities . A record of events was required daily.daily. TheTh-

eregular

He-

xangular

Th-

eregular

He-

xangular

Th-

eregular

He-

xangularregular morning reports were not made.mademade-

.The

man-

date

made-

.The

man-

date

made-

.The

man-

date

.

The division learned a valuable lesson during thisthis-

action.

tris-

ection

thisa-

.ction.

tris-

ectionthis-

action.

tris-

ectionaction.actiona.ction.. . The large number of casualties among the officers , firstfirsts-

ergeantsfi-rstsfirsts-

ergeantsfi-rstsfirsts-

ergeantsfi-rstssergeants and company clerks and the destruction of company recordsrecords-

by

recor-dsby shell fire , brought about what was known as the 20fo.fofo-

.Each

$% .

Each unit before.before'before.' entry into an engagement detailed 20$%

of its strength and one officer to remain in the rear area.area. CompanyOompanyCompan-

yrecordsCom-

panyOompan-

yrecords

Compan-

yrecordsCom-

panyrecords and at least a olerkclerkolder were also left with the traintrain.train.-L.

trai-n

*.

4.4L.L44Yha..

.What\YhaYhaLatHa\ ,. .

systemstem of replacementsreplacementswasr E .a.ceace.

. entKent s was-was.- s useduG.euGehuge.

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.' ." .." "

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'":'uw.uw... ww-

AnswerA-

nswerAnswerAn8we1"An8we1" : In the idaiirie1ia.rine1iarinekarirlemidairaril. CorpsC01'PSC01PS' battalionsoattali'QnsoattaliQnsattainsbat: talitai'onscons werewel"ewelewelled" organizedcl'g&1ize..dclg1ize.dclg1izedcrganizeorganize' &' . .d anda.dadand-

trainedban-

dstandand-

trainedban-

dstanda.d-

trainedA-

drian;.

trained in the United States and sent to France as units.unitsunits.-

These

un-its

units.-

These

un-its

units.-

These

un-its

.

These battalions were then sent to the front and the unitsunits-disbanded.

units-disbanded.

units-disbanded.disbanded.disbanded . The men being assigned to companies in as largelarge-

unitsarg-

entslarge-

unitsarg-

entslarge-

unitsarg-

entsunits as possible.possible. These replacements acted like seasonedseasoned-

troopsseaso-

nedseasoned-

troopsseaso-

nedseasoned-

troopsseaso-

nedtroops and General HarbordHarbored was forcibly impressed by their concon-con-

duct.

con-

duct

con-

duct.

con-

duct

con-

duct.

con-

duct

¬-duct.duct.

Casualties wnenwhenneon discharged from the hospitals as a8-88-

rule,-

rule were sent to their original companies.companiescompanies.-

The

compan-ies

.

The 77Sth78-15h7815hth- CompanyCompa.CompaCompaq.. y had about 80000 men on its differentdifferent-muster

differe-ntiate

different-muster

differe-ntiate

different-muster

differe-ntiatemuster rolls during its service overseas.overseas.

5.5. Was there any opportunity to observe the effect ofof-

individualof-

individualof-

individualindividual rifle fire ?

Answer : Yes.Yes. This was especially true during the first fivefive-

days.

fies-

tasfive-

days.

fies-

tasfive-

days.

fies-

tasdays.days. This was reported to Marine Corps Headquarters in detaildetail-by

deta-ilby a French Lieutenant Colonel.Colonel.

6.6. How waswn.swnsawnsw .ss. communication maintainedma.intained. ?

Answer : From the company to battalion to regimental headquarters ,

telephone lines were run.run. Companies were not connected.connected. InIn-

most

In-

most

In-

mostmost cases battalions and regiments were not connected.connected. RunnersRunners-

wereRunn-

ersRunners-

wereRunn-

ersRunners-

wereRunn-

erswere largely used.used. The men of the signal corps deserve thethe-

highesthei-

ghtensthe-

highesthei-

ghtensthe-

highesthei-

ghtenshighest praise and were as excellent a group as I have ever seen.seen.

7.7. Did Marines fight in Chateau ThierryTheory ?

Answer : No.No. The name was applied to a sector.sector. The 3d DivisionDivision-

ReservesDivi-

sionDivision-

deservesDivi-

sion\. Reserveslieservesdeserveslifesavers all the honor and praise for the gallant fight inin-

Chateau

in-

choatein-

Chateau

in-

choatein-

Chateau

in-

choateChateau Thierry.ThierryTheoryThierry.-

g.

Theor-y

.

g.g8.8& . Why did Marines receive most of the creditcredcreed ! t for BelleauBelleau.BelleBelleau-

Woods

Beleag-

uered

Belleau.-

Woods

Belleau-

Woods

Beleag-

uered

.

Woods ?

Answer : The secrecyseorecy which GHQ enforced upon War CorrespondentsOorrespondents ,

whichwhioh did not permit CorrespondentsOorrespondents to mention units or localilocali-locallocali-ties

locali-ties

locali-ties

¬-

ties rebounded when a censor , during June , allowed the word MarineMarine-

inMari-

nein a press dispatch.dispatchdispatoh.dispatoh. The newspapers at home jumped upon thisthis-

tangiblehis-

taminethis-

tangiblehis-

taminethis-

tangiblehis-

taminetangible word and as a result they gave the Marines instead of thethe-

23

the-

I

thei-

rI r- .

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23i-

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division most of the credit.credit.,99.9. Was it possible that a more advanced line could havehave-

beenha-

vehave-

beenha-

vehave-

beenha-

vebeen occupied on June 1st ?

Answer : I believe this within the realm of possibility.possibilitypossicility.possicilitypossitility.possitilitypossitility.-French

possib-ility

. TheThe-

FrenchTh-

ereinThe-

FrenchTh-

ereinFrench were in BelleauBelle Woods June 3d.3d3 .

10.10. Could the attacka.ttack. on June 6th havebavebrave been delayed.elayedelayedbelayed. ?

Answer : I believe so80 and if delayed only for a day , betteroeGtereagerbetter-preparation

oeGte-rpreparation

Qe tertearter-

preparationpe-

rpetrationpreparation could have been made.mademade.-

w

mad-

e

.

/

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Documents

XtMvTm ;o.o iJ.iJiJ.* te It-rwtItrwtwt -. .HXStHXStHexes … · 2018. 11. 9. · operations of company me"me"e"eme"sthmesthmesh"ellsells"", (/sthsth(7sth7sth(78th78thseth/ company),