The

HUBLER History

W.R. HUBLER, Jr., M.D. Corpus Christi, Texas

May 6, 2023

THE HUBLER HISTORY

ii

Table of ContentsIntroduction............................................................................................................................................2

Truncated Hubler Family Tree...................................................................................................2Compressed Hubler Family Tree................................................................................................3Dedication...................................................................................................................................5Prologue......................................................................................................................................6Genes: The Past, Present and Future 2001.................................................................................9A Concise Hubler Compendium..............................................................................................13

The Old World.....................................................................................................................................18The Beginning..........................................................................................................................18Archaic Europe.........................................................................................................................18Switzerland...............................................................................................................................19

The Hubler Family in Switzerland......................................................................................................22The Pillou Family 25The Schmid Family 25The Perro Family 26The Graussi Family 28The Balli Family 28

The New World...................................................................................................................................29Pennsylvania.............................................................................................................................29Northampton County, Pennsylvania.........................................................................................32

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789)..............................................................................................................38Biography.................................................................................................................................38The Children of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789)........................................................................49Other HUBLER surname families............................................................................................52Jacob/Barbara HUBLER 52Adam and John Hoobler 53Abraham HUBLER (1716-1777) of Lancaster (Lebanon) Co 54Jacob HUBLER (1751-1822) and Margaret Harper (1755-1832) 55John HUBLER of Centre and Union Co 60The Jacob HUBLER and John HUBLER connection 62Jacob HUBLER of Pinegrove Twp, Schuylkill Co 64

Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811).......................................................................................................65Abraham Hubler (1779-ca 1835).........................................................................................................69

The Children of Abraham HUBLER (1779-ca 1835)..............................................................78Northumberland and Union Counties, Pennsylvania...............................................................80Clearfield County, Pennsylvania..............................................................................................80The PAUL Family....................................................................................................................82The FAS Family.......................................................................................................................86

The HUBLER Family in Ohio.............................................................................................................88Ohio..........................................................................................................................................88Youngstown and Mahoning County, Ohio...............................................................................90

Moses HUBLER (1803-1855).............................................................................................................93The children of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855)........................................................................99The NEWBERRY Family......................................................................................................104The GUEST Family................................................................................................................115

Alfred Wick HUBLER (1842-1921).................................................................................................117The Children of A. W. HUBLER (1842-1923)......................................................................121

The HUBLER Family in Alabama....................................................................................................127Alabama..................................................................................................................................127Birmingham, Jefferson County, Alabama and Gadsden, Etowah County, Alabama.............129

Lloyd Lincoln HUBLER (1886-1972)..............................................................................................130Vignettes of Lloyd Lincoln HUBLER...................................................................................134

The HUBLER Family in Texas.........................................................................................................137

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Texas.......................................................................................................................................137Nueces County, Texas............................................................................................................140

Winthrope R. HUBLER, Sr. (1916 -1993)......................................................................................142Vignettes of Winthrope R. Hubler.........................................................................................147

ii

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Introduction

Truncated Hubler Family Tree

Bendicht HUBLER (b 1612) (m Keungold Perro) Heinrich HUBLER (b 1644) (m Jeanne Pilloud)

Hans Jacob HUBLER (b 1680) (m Anna Graussi)

(Hans) Jacob HUBLER (b 1710) (m Barbara ??)

Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (b 1742) (m Catherine ??)

Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) (m Margaret PAUL)

Moses HUBLER (b 1803) (m Sara NEWBERRY)

Alfred Wick HUBLER (b 1842) (m Kate STRALEY)

Lloyd Lincoln HUBLER (b 1886) (m Edith WEBER)

Winthrope R. HUBLER, Sr. (b 1916) (m Marie Theresa Seale)

Winthrope R. HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945) (m Sherron Elaine Forrester)

Holly Michelle HUBLER (b 1978)

4

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Compressed Hubler Family Tree

Bendicht HUBLER (Aug. 1612- ??)Keungold Perro (c July 20, 1617 Twann, Switz -June 19, 1671 Twann, Switz) (m 1637)

Katharina HUBLER (1638- ??)Anna HUBLER (1640- ??)Rudolf HUBLER (1641- ??)Heinrich (Hans Friedrich) HUBLER (1644-1687)Niclaus HUBLER (c 1646- ??) Margareth HUBLER (c 1648- ??)Bendicht HUBLER (1651-1660)Hans Jacob HUBLER (1654- ??)Peter HUBLER (1657- ??)Kuengold HUBLER (1659-1665)

Heinrich (Hans Friedrich) HUBLER (c Mar. 3, 1644 Twann, Switz.-Jan. 2, 1687 Twann, Switz)Jeanne Pillou (c June 25, 1643 Ligerz, Bern, Switz-Apr. 2, 1717 Twann, Switz)

Keungold HUBLER (c 1668-Mar. 17, 1730)Johannes HUBLER (c 1673-Aug. 28, 1741) Peter HUBLER (1677-1751)Hans Jacob HUBLER (c June 6, 1680 Twann, Switz -Aug. 28, 1731)

Hans Jacob HUBLER (c June 6, 1680 Twann, Switz-? Aug. 28, 1731)Anna Graussi (c Sept. 30, 1683 Twann, Switz.- ??) (m March 17, 1710)

(Hans) Jacob HUBLER (Dec. 1710 Twann, Switz-1789 Northampton Co, PA)

(Hans) Jacob HUBLER (Dec. 1710 Twann, Switz-May 1789 Northampton Co, PA)Barbara ?? (ca 1725-1796 Northampton Co, PA) (m ca 1742)

Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811)Frederick HUBLER (1745- > 1791)Christina HUBLER (1747-1813)Gottlieb HUBLER (1748- > 1791)Rosanna HUBLER (1749-1828) Abraham HUBLER (1761-1838)John HUBLER (ca 1763- ??)Isaac HUBLER (1764 -1794)

Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (Oct. 2, 1742 Northampton Co, PA-Oct. 19, 1811 Northampton Co, PA)Catarina (Catherine) ?? (??- 1796) (m ca 1770)

John Jacob HUBLER (Apr. 30, 1771- ??)Maria Catherine HUBLER (Sept. 18, 1775- ??)John Jacob HUBLER (Dec. 11, 1777- ??)Abraham HUBLER (ca 1779- ??)William Henrich HUBLER (Nov. 13, 1781- ??)Christina HUBLER (Nov. 1, 1783- ??) Susanna HUBLER (Dec. 12, 1787- ??)Daniel HUBLER (Mar. 11, 1789- ??)

Christina ?? (??-1813) (m ca 1796)

5

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Abraham HUBLER (ca 1779 PA- ?? OH)Anna Margareth (Margaret) PAUL (Sept. 18, 1780 PA- ?? OH)

? Unknown HUBLER (Feb. 16, 1798- < 1810)Elizabeth HUBLER (Feb. 8, 1799- ??)Jacob HUBLER (Oct. 19, 1800-Jul.4, 1867)Moses HUBLER (Apr. 14, 1803 -Mar 16, 1855)Unknown (male) HUBLER (ca 1804- ??)Unknown (male) HUBLER (ca 1812- ??)Abraham HUBLER (1814- ??)Unknown (male) HUBLER (ca 1815- ??)Catherine HUBLER (1818-1900)? Mary Anne Vashi HUBLER (Apr. 4, 1825-1891)

Moses HUBLER (April 14, 1803 Center Co, PA-March 16, 1855 Mahoning Co, OH)Sara NEWBERRY (July 14, 1807 Center Co, PA-April 17, 1891 Mahoning Co, OH)

Eliza HUBLER (Sept. 18, 1826-April 29, 1908)James NEWBERRY HUBLER (1828-1905)Henry HUBLER (Apr. 22, 1830-June 14, 1880)William H. HUBLER (Feb. 6, 1832-June 22, 1880)Abraham HUBLER (Jan. 23, 1834-Mar. 10, 1918)Alice May HUBLER (May 9, 1873-Jan. 29, 1940) Hirem HUBLER (Feb. 1, 1836 OH-June 8, 1838)Jane B. HUBLER (Nov. 1, 1837-Dec. 26, 1881)Amanda HUBLER (Jan. 29, 1840-1909)Alfred Wick HUBLER (July 11, 1842 OH-Dec. 20, 1921 OH)Sarah HUBLER (April 16, 1845- ??)Harriet HUBLER (March 31, 1848- ??) Caroline A. HUBLER (March 30, 1850-May 5, 1886)

Alfred Wick HUBLER (Jul. 11, 1842 Mahoning Co, OH-Dec. 20, 1921 Mahoning Co, OH)Anna Katherine (Kate) STRALEY (June 15, 1846 Germany-Jan. 13, 1934 Mahoning Co, OH)

Nora May HUBLER (Jul. 7, 1869-June 25, 1959)Ada Irene HUBLER (Sept. 3, 1871-May 13, 1956)Edwin Lafayette HUBLER (Dec. 7, 1873-Apr. 17, 1960)Harry Wick HUBLER (Apr. 22, 1875-Apr. 10, 1909)Grace Ethel HUBLER (Mar 3, 1879-Mar 4, 1952)Clara Brook HUBLER (May 18, 1880-Sept. 10, 1968)Amy Harriet HUBLER (Apr. 18, 1882-May 5, 1949)Lloyd Lincoln HUBLER (Feb. 12, 1886-Jul. 9, 1972)

Lloyd Lincoln HUBLER (Feb. 12, 1886 Youngstown, OH-Jul. 9,1972 Gadsden, AL)Edith WEBER (Jan. 10, 1883 Jackson, MI-Feb. 28, 1951 Jackson, MI) (m 1913)

Winthrope R. HUBLER (Jul. 31, 1916-Sept. 20, 1993)Mabel Orr Taylor (1906 Macon, GA-Feb. 7, 1991 Corpus Christi, TX) (m 1960)

Winthrope R. HUBLER, Sr. (July 31, 1916 Youngstown, OH-Sept. 20, 1993 Corpus Christi, TX)Marie Theresa Seale (Nov. 18, 1918 Jennings, LA-Jan. 29, 1988 Corpus Christi, TX) (m 1942)

Winthrope R. HUBLER, Jr. (b July 9, 1945 Cleveland, OH)Lloyd David HUBLER (b Nov. 18, 1947 Youngstown, OH )

Richard Andrew HUBLER (b Jan. 8, 1976 Wichita, KS)Brian Davis HUBLER (b Oct. 24, 1978 Dallas, TX)

Helen Mullen (b June 28, 1934 Waco, TX) (m 1974)

Winthrope R. HUBLER, Jr. (b Jul. 9, 1945 Cleveland, OH)Sherron Elaine Forrester (b May 20, 1946 Shawnee, OK) (m 1975)

Holly Michelle HUBLER (b Oct. 23, 1978 Corpus Christi, TX )

6

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Dedication

This disquisition is dedicated to the girls in my life—my wife, Sherron Elaine Forrester HUBLER, and my daughter, Holly Michelle HUBLER. When I was a child, my mother told me that I should guard my health because as long as I had my health, I could find happiness, success and could reach “for the stars,” and then her voice would trail off. She must have been clairvoyant. Her advice and the axiom were mostly true, but she failed to tell me how to “guard my health.” Now, often incommunicative and always immobile, I grap frustratingly for my ebbing health, but it escapes my grasp—it is like trying to capture a stream of water between my forefinger and opposing thumb. However, after reflection, I have had a very happy and successful life, and it was mostly because of the unwavering support of my family. Even now, when I have a bad spell, Sherron and Holly rally to my side to comfort and sustain me and plead for me to advise them on how to help me; and even though I do not know how to respond to them, just their care, companionship and love give me insurmountable succor. Much of my effort to collect the information in this genealogical tome was as a legacy to my daughter, Holly Michelle HUBLER, who I hope someday will enjoy reviewing her heritage and remember that the “HUBLER” genes, good and bad, flow in her blood and fill her body and mind, and those of her offspring. I am very grateful that my wife, Sherron Elaine Forrester, has supported my efforts. Although I tend to be happy as a solitary man, Sherron is a gregarious being; but without complaint, she has withstood the dust of libraries filled with moldy manuscripts, foreboding graveyards, tours of obscure pieces of land, and many hours alone as I pecked on the computer keyboard. She has said that I am not happy unless there are ruins are in my vacation. I love both girls.

I met many very helpful HUBLER descendents while working on this book. I could not name them all or thank them enough for their encouragement. A few have passed on during the dozen years that I have been collecting information, but they have not been forgotten, and I want to name three. When I started, my only source was my father who was an only child, who had Alzheimer’s disease and could not recall any information about the HUBLER family and who had no family mementos; so, I was stuck--at the beginning. Then, I found my first cousin (once removed), Helen Shaw, who despite her advanced age had an encyclopedic knowledge of the HUBLERs in the 1900s and encouraged my genealogical quest. Helen died in 2001 at the age of 98. As I traced the HUBLER family back in time to 18th century Pennsylvania, I discovered Charles Sandwick, Sr. who had written a book, Jacobsburg, about the original HUBLER immigrant’s homestead, and Charles lived near the site in Pennsylvania. For years, we corresponded and shared ideas and information. He died in 1996 at age 91. Finally, a second cousin (once removed), John W. HUBLER, who knew little genealogy but filled in some gaps, peregrinated through cemeteries with camera in-hand and encouraged me to pursue the project. He died in 2000 at the age of 92. These nifty novagenarians demonstrated that genealogy might be a study of time but is not limited by age.

A special “thank you” goes to my long time-email buddies and distant (and living) cousins, Sue Collins and Garry Hamor, who have stuck with me and helped track down data, and my friend Don Pedicini who is an intrepid family historian, who has the untenable position of living near Youngstown and has tirelessly and without complaint performed the cognition and legwork to help sort out the HUBLERs in Ohio, and who has graciously applied his artistry to create the cover of this book.

7

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Prologue

When I began to write this exposition, it was a cynosure, egocentric project because of the self-gratifying pleasure that genealogy can give, but it became altruistic as I wanted to spread the joy to my HUBLER family, and it also became self-instructional as the study provided an understanding of my finite position in the vast present and past constellation of history. At first, I wanted to compile the data and publish it in a hard backed, pristine, complete and condensed book; however, it also became obvious that there were only a few HUBLERs left in my line, and so the ultimate impact of this book would only produce an infinitesimal ripple on the lake of life. Thus, instead of promulgating an arrant, polished HUBLER history, I tried to devise the project as a workbook for others to finalize. So I interspersed the factual events with an suppositions, assumptions and theories; I emphasized my direct family tree by marking the names of those select individuals in bold; I indicted the family connections of some of my correspondents with an arrow ; I shuffled in some regional, state, county and local histories; I inserted some explanations on dead and dying diseases (e.g., smallpox and typhus), far-gone and failing occupations (e.g., puddling and weaving) and restoring and resurrecting religions (e.g., Lutheranism and Moravianism), and I even placed some blank pages at the back for notes.

Parts of this account are brutally honest; some would just call it “brutal,” but I would emphasize instead the word “honest,” and I would also admit that the viewpoint is mine and might not coincide with others. Perhaps, such candidness should not be published. Clearly, such candor is not politically correct. However, this treatise will be distributed mostly to close family members, many of whom participated in the events described in this tome, and all of whom would be interested in my views. Thus, the “honesty” is not a matter of “exposing dirty laundry,” but it is just meant to reveal reasons for the actions. That is the fun of genealogy. I am not a trained psychologist, these are complex cognitions, and I do not mean to trivialize the issues. Many of the activities and vignettes in this report are compressed, abridged, selected and taken out of context, so they are not meant to be inclusive, just insightful, entertaining or both.

I have not indexed this volume, simply because I did not have time; however, I am giving everyone a CD copy of the tome that can be copied, modified or searched. The CD version is a Microsoft Word document with a .doc format. The endnotes are a mess. I believe that the documentation of sources is essential to any treatise, but the form of footnotes has not been established and is debated by many, diverse authors. The endnotes in this tome are filled with a mixture of book titles, magazine appellations, Internet web pages, e-mail addresses and physical locations. For my own purposes to be able to retrieve data, the source of many references is indicated, such as, “in personal library” or “obtained through interlibrary loan system.” It is an imprecise, imperfect system.

So, ulltimately, it will be left to the reader to realize, appreciate and extrapolate his own significance and fallibility in the context of the vastness of time. An excellent analogy equates the history of the earth to a 24-hour clock cycle, and an understanding of mankind’s importance is evident when one sees than the entire history of man’s tenure takes up only seconds of the clock’s cycle. Imagine what span (and significance) an individual life takes.

A genealogical treatise is analogous to the study of the world globe. The basic spherical structure is unchanging; however, the geography is in continuous flux. The surface of the globe is always moving as countries rearrange their borders; sporadically the world’s topography mutates as Teutonic plates clash, volcanoes erupt or meteors strike, and rarely even magma migrates. Similarly, genealogical roots are constant; however, the labyrinthine family trees constantly evolve as chains are elucidated; occasionally, newly discovered information or a fresh look at “brick walls” allow them to be traversed to open new vistas, and once in a blue moon, a chance discovery can alter the whole terrain. Soon, technology will make genealogy a more infallible science as DNA studies link individuals together in the world, and we are likely to find how close we are all tied—possibly everything will depend on the position or existence of only a few sub-microscopic atoms in one gene.

8

THE HUBLER HISTORY

When I was taking a graduate course in college on the ancient history of England, my favorite examination was given. The test was take-home with a one-week time limit, and it consisted of one question, “Who killed Robert…..?” The test entailed searching, collating and evaluating the contemporaneous literature to solve the murder mystery and to support the answer. In fact, there was no known answer. The final grade depended on the method of research and the presentation of the answer. It was a complex, multifaceted project. For example, a contemporaneous report might be misleading because the author might have had a hidden agenda to implicate (and convict) a certain individual, and thus, each student had to know the politics and social events of the time, as well as, demonstrate logic and interpretation. Such a conundrum parallels genealogy. The WHYs often have to depend on such enlightened interpretation. Living requires such logic.

The HUBLER history is a tale of turmoil, tolerance and turbulence. The reality is stark and includes treachery, hardship, indenture, religious and ethnic cleansing, war, and death; but the immigrants survived and prospered in the face of overwhelming adversity. To anyone researching the immigrants, the ultimate message is clear—the strength of a unified family and extended family is one way to overcome the challenges and rigors of life. That strength of familial unity is a prevalent power in many situations throughout the history and success of mankind. Family cohesiveness is not only omnipresent and omnipotent, but also empowering. A recent example is the death of John Fitzgerald Kennedy, Jr. The Kennedy Family has survived and prospered during times of tragedy partly because of the family cohesiveness. I like to depict it with a less eloquent analogy—a boa constrictor snake!!!! The puissance of the constrictor is greatest if the snake keeps the tip of its tail wrapped around a tree limb, because the fulcrum is such that with the fixed location, the distil noose tightens harder. Thus, these snakes learn the trick of torque without a single college course of physics; the knowledge is instinctual, a gift of inheritance (and thus quite apropos for a genealogical discourse). Anyway, I figure that it is best that each of us reaches out individually as far as possible to widen our spheres of influence, but our strength is always rooted to the support that we keep in our family.

This text contains genealogical data; however, reviewing trees of relatives (close and distant) is boring. Most of the fun in genealogy involves finding an individual connection to the tree or a missing fact and figuring the WHYS and HOWS for their actions. For that reason, I have interjected short histories, land descriptions and suppositions to view or imagine the time and place. These short inserts would need volumes to fully explore the information, but that is beyond this text.

A genealogical treatise is never complete, and the intersecting lines produce a labyrinthine family tree. I agree with those who fear that some information can be used to perfidiously dehumanize and defraud. Thus, I have tried to limit the data to living individuals, e.g., those with birth dates before 1900, groups who don’t mind and those who believe that genealogical data will be valued more by future HUBLER generations more than any possible embarrassment by current ones. Always, I have tried to avoid any potential discomfort and have always tried to be accurate.

The syntax and punctuation of this worksheet is awful. I foresee that this epistle will be a “jumping board” for those beginning or amplifying the family’s genealogy; rather than a polished, finished document. Therefore, to squeeze in as much data as possible, the booklet is replete with brackets and parentheses with salient information inside. Because the given names Jacob, John, Abraham, etc. are replete in this family, it is difficult to decipher the HUBLER lineage. Various numbering systems have been developed to clarify a family tree, but I enclosed the life dates of each individual to pinpoint the person, which means more parentheses. Some would call me a sesquipedalian; however, such ponderous, polysyllabic bombast is just my effort to put more information in the text. Ex-teachers, please be lenient with red ink.

Internet access is giving genealogy a dramatic boost. When I began The HUBLER History in 1985, gathering and categorizing was dependant on library, courthouse and graveyard searches, but by 2001, Internet information abounds, and CD-ROM copies of vital statistics for personal computers can be purchased at reasonable rates. Predictably, the genealogical field has become swamped with sloppy, ineffectual researchers (or worse) who take Internet data and promote the same information (or misinformation) as truth without any confirmation with primary sources. (It is often called “repackaging”). Ten years ago, those interested in family histories were few and were a dedicated, close cadre of individuals who happily shared data with fellow researchers via snail mail. Now, copyright laws and publishing infringements often become paramount to the amateur genealogists. In short, Internet information often has errors of omission and commission, but still it is a great start. However, confirmation of data from the Internet has to be achieved through historically conventional methods.

9

THE HUBLER HISTORY

This report is not for sale. It is designed to enhance the database of amateur family historians who want to learn more about the HUBLER history. Because this is a non-commercial venture, I have taken some liberties, such as, copying maps or photographs. The following is best thought of as an evolving worksheet—although the book focuses on the past, new discoveries of old documents constantly change genealogical data. The loose-leaf format of this report facilitates adding or correcting data, although re-pagination might be needed. A companion piece is The HUBLER HISTORY Appendix (inserted at the end of this text). At first, I planned to intersperce the illustrations with the text, but found a separate section to be the most efficient method of printing the material. In addition, I have interspersed some family group sheets to amplify or repeat genealogical material.

I have tried to be accurate, but nothing in life (or past lives) is absolute. If anyone finds errors or additional information, please let me know (with references, if possible). I have also added endnotes, which are designed to help me find a source, such as, “in personal library” or “CC.” Other family histories published or in pre-publication by W.R. Hubler, Jr. include The Arceneaux Adventure, The Weber Way, The Straley Story, The Seale Saga, and The Fontenot Family. Some of the texts amplify, dovetail or intersect with The Hubler History.

Many numbering systems have been devised, modified and used by many different authors to organize the vast intertwing and repetitious names in various family trees. However, none are perfect. I have tied to specify each family member with his or her life dates. The following is an incomplete worksheet, and the complete package probably will never happen, since new information and sequential maternal lines create an ever-expanding pattern. This outline is just a small stone thrown into a still lake—an enlarging circular pattern of rings envelops the origin, and more thrown rocks results in more rings, which often intersect. The Twann portion of the “worksheet” is presumptuous. The European lineage of Hans Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789), the immigrant to America, is not established. Twann as the Swiss origin of Jacob HUBLER (110-1789) is clear, but beyond that is less lucid. Apparently years ago, a professional genealogist from Switzerland was employed by an American family to search the records in Twann, Switzerland. The research involved many families there. Subsequently, much of the data was published by the Church of the Later Day Saints (Mormon) on microfiche in the International Genealogy Index (IGI) available in Family Historical Centers (FHC) in many Mormon Churches. A compilation of the HUBLER name (and associated surnames) gives sketchy data on which the following missive is based. However, although not all individuals might be included, and the possible lineage is often based on the most likely scenario considering the age and location of the individual, while the exact family listing may not be correct. Three years ago, I hired a professional genealogical researcher (Ancestry, Inc.) to search for data in Twann, but I subsequently was told that they had no data but that a family who had hired a European to do on-site research in Twann would supply me a copy, if I paid several hundred dollars. I asked what data was included and the exact cost, but the genealogical firm never returned my call. I even tried a follow-up call several months later with no response. I guess the firm saw no profit in the role as intermediary, so they dropped the issue. I was never given the name of the family with the data. Years later, an Internet correspondent that I met on-line and a HUBLER descendent, gave me some material about HUBLERs in Twann. I do not know if he was the American HUBLER, and I have lost contact with him. However, I also independently corresponded with several historians who did some searching for me in Twann, and I have included what they found as corroborative evidence. The “Old World” is still fallow soil for HUBLER research.

10

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Genes: The Past, Present and Future 2001

"The past is prologue..."

Debate has divided the scientific community for years about the roles of environment and genetics on the final form of human beings. Much of the dickering is rooted in economics as jingoists feud about who can control the individual, make the biggest buck and grasp the glory--Freudian psychoanalysts or practical psychiatrist, social activist or fatalist, conventional medicine or alternative healing, etc. However, obviously, the truth resides with a foot in each arena, and the reality is composed of both the environment and heredity.

For a long time, the impact of environment on an individual has been recognized as a major factor in the eventual outcome. In the early part of this century, Freud crystallized the understanding of environment with his revelations on psyche and development. Modern buzzwords, such as, parental abuse, sexual depravation and emotional stress, fill the milieu of the modern mind. Perhaps, people can better deal with something they have a chance to change (environment), rather than the finality of fate (genes). Maybe the layperson can better understand his environment than he can comprehend the scientific morass and medical jargon of genes and chromosomes. Nevertheless, for whatever reason, our genetic "roots" have not gained the recognition or understanding that they should have received.

In the 1960's and 1970's, men and women in America spent time in introspective analysis and often sought help from roadside religious healers, professional gurus, mysterious Eastern cultists, psychoanalysts, dinner circuit hucksters and astrological quacks.

In the hurly-burly world of the 1980's, Americans sought quick fixes to complex problems, mostly with drugs, and invested little time to studying the past, instead opting for "living one day at a time.”

In the 1990's, the “in-your-face” confrontation continued, and by 2000 and early 2001, although individualism continued, sensitivity to genetic and cultural differences reached a peak as American acceptance and even encouragement of such divarication advanced. However, the terrorist attack on Sept. 11, 2001 on the Twin Towers in New York and the Pentagon in Washington changed the American mental panorama. The total effect of the havoc and its longevity has yet to be shown, but the effect was to unify the populace of America, to encourage hegemony and to disparage diversity. The populace seemed more supportive of the use of deadly force against the enemies of America and the willingness to abrogate personal freedom in order to gain safety from further attack and to punish those foes. Whether this counter-punch bellicosity will persist is unknown, but it is clear that terrorism has devastated the societal mentality and changed the psychological landscape of America, perhaps forever. Unforeseen benefits of the terror were an unprecedented emotional and monetary support for the victims and an increased cohesiveness of family, both real and extended. Love arose from the ashes.

In the last two decades, there is a renewed awareness of the effects of genes on development. Frisson fills the scientific community as the recognition of the importance of genes finally filters down to the lay populace. Certain diseases have been linked to specific gene alterations, which had been developed originally hundreds of years earlier and been passed on by generations of unaffected individuals. That is especially true of early immigrants in North America who unsuspectingly married relatives. Considering the paucity of fellow settlers and the isolated closeness of neighbors, it is obvious that intermarriages were common. Usually the unwritten admonition against incest and first generation marriages held fast, but often boys would marry the neighbors' girls and vice versa, and their respective children would marry their cousins, thus inadvertently reducing the gene pool.

Genetic susceptibility to some diseases, such as, alcoholism, cancer, arthritis and psychoses has been discovered; and the exposure to initiating co-factors, such as, alcohol, cigarettes, influenza, etc. allowed the development of the maladies in genetically predisposed individuals. Thus, environmental influence may be inextricably tied to genetics, and many disorders are etiologically multifactorial.

11

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Modern scientists are able to diagnose many carriers of defective genes in prenatal situations by amniocentesis and in children and adults by genetic mapping of serum or tissue samples. Some inherited disorders can be corrected by supplying another gene source, such as, bone marrow transplants or neonatal brain implants into adults or replacing missing biochemicals, such as, amino acids or vitamins. Gene cloning and manipulation are commonplace in the animals and plants that we eat, and will soon be more often used in humans. Choosing an offspring with certain anatomical traits (hair color and form, eye color, height, weight), sexual preference, sexual proclivity, intelligence, emotional status, immunological strength and more. Even the dead can re-live. Genetic material can be inserted in-utero to reproduce dead humans. The book and movie, Jurassic Park, publicize the real possibility of resurrecting plants and animals from past generations from preserved genetic material.

Now, it begins. In June 2000, a public-private collaboration named “The Genome Project” announced the identification and mapping of the human genome. This scientific project took over a decade, a series of super-computers and much individual hard scientific work. In February 2001, the human genome in its entirety was released, and surprisingly, human chromosomes only contain about 30,000 genes, a number not much more than fruit flies, and there is very little variance between racial groups. Much of the chromosomal space is composed of just intermittent, empty spaces, and genetists probably will have to investigate the spatial relationship of the genes and the resultant phenotypes. The breakthrough opens the medical, pharmaceutical and genealogical door to a diagnostic, therapeutic and identification marvel and an ethical morass. Where does it stop? Master physicist, Albert Einstein, once observed, “It is appallingly obvious that our technology exceeds our humanity.”

In short, genetic situations are not an unbending part of life, and humans can, after all, alter the effects of heredity. Human beings can be genetic activists. The role of environment should not be downplayed, but the importance of heredity should be better recognized. A devastating or a serendipitous environment may define fate, but destiny is limited by heredity.

Never a truckling gender, women have an equal importance in the hereditary of each individual. After all, each mother provides one-half the genetic make-up of each child. Females also gave much to their offspring in the environmental realm. Presbyopic people think that the role of the female in a clan was subservient and inconsequential, and it was true at first, especially in urban areas; however, in early, rural America, the niche of the female was as a homemaker, procreator, child caregiver and partner with (rather than servant of) her mate against the vicissitudes of their environment.

Wives' names are often lost in records, but that was not because they were unimportant. The American legal system of the time was based on owning land and taxation, and those legalities were the bailiwick of men (women could not own land, vote, sue, or hold office), and thus male surnames have been perpetuated. Now many countries (such as, Mexico) require its citizens to retain each maternal name as part of their own, a trend beginning in America with "hyphened" names. In a time and place of few white males and fewer white females, women did not stay unmarried long, and women changed names as they re-married, further confusing the genealogical trail.

However, a gender gap existed; and although narrowing, the fissure still persists. Women in the 17th and 18th centuries were trained by their mothers and were expected to perform “wifely chores”—manage the home, clean the house and clothes, milk the cows and collect eggs, cultivate a garden, clean game, cook meals, make all clothes, dress and feed all the members of the family, nurse all illnesses and injuries, have many children, raise a bunch of kids, take in family members (on both sides) for rearing and coddle her man at the end of the day. Women were not even supposed to enjoy sex—sex was just a “duty,” and pregnancy was expected to be a constant state. Childbearing was so important in some cultures that marriages were delayed until after intimacy and pregnancy, thus guaranteeing fertility. The man’s role was that of a supplier—food (cultivating farmland, catching and shooting game), money (from labor or job), trainer (of his sons for work) and sperm (children). Since the legal system was male oriented, he recorded legal descriptions, etc. Few could write--the courthouses are filled with their “marks.”

12

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Things began to change, slowly in the 1800’s. Populations increased (an escalating female/male ratio and the subsequent decreasing demand for women), medicine improved (more accessibility to trained physicians and a better understanding of disease led to longer life and a decreasing birth death rate) and urbanization (jobs changed from the masculine hunter-gather role). As all these factors and more evolved, more women sought employment (especially as teachers, seamstresses and secretaries). Many were “old maids” who sought self-reliance, but most also hoped for a husband. Few women wanted equality with men. The man’s role was unchanged, as long as, his wife continued her family responsibilities. After all, the independence and jobs that women sought did not interfere with his position as supplier.

However, in the 20th century, women progressively impinged on the classic male-female roles—women successfully challenged all male-oriented jobs [from those that require brains (e.g., professionals, such as, judges, physicians, pharmacists and accountants) to those with brawn (e.g., physical laborers, policemen and firemen), to those corrupt (e.g., politicians and lawyers) to the last bastion of maleness (combat military person)]. Birth control and abortions were legal and common. Almost half of American households in the 1990s had single parent providers, and in over half, the housewife worked. It was unusual to find a couple with an intact marriage vow—couples often got a divorce or never married in the first place. Even federal taxes discriminated against married workers with the so called “marriage penalty.” Frequently, artificial insemination and in-vitro fertilization allowed men to be sperm donors for the convenience of a busy woman. Women were expected to enjoy sex. Voting was not gender restricted. Women gained legal equality with men. Laws were signed, initiated, judged and enforced by women. Some would say that all of that was “women’s lib (beration),” while others would describe it as “long-overdue equality.” However, a gender chasm still existed in salaries—women were paid less than men doing the same job are. Men at times also performed the traditional female “jobs,” such as, child rearing and housecleaning. In this report, the surname, HUBLER, is traced; but a maternal history is included in the body of the paper whenever possible.

The latest addition to the genealogists’ armamentarium is the investigation of inheritance by mapping the DNA of ancestral groups. The extraction of material from fossilized remains and its DNA analysis has been used to trace the movements of prehistoric hominids; and now by comparing the data from similar DNA mapping of specimens from living individuals, genealogists plan to draw huge, complex family trees. Already, projects have been devised to collect DNA from huge, random numbers of people to prove heredity groups. It is doubtful that such mass DNA mapping techniques will replace traditional genealogical methods, such as, reviewing land and census records, but they might be prodigious supplements to establishmentarian methods and to vault over “brick walls.” Of course, such revelations might raise issues of privacy, such as, inheritance, employability and insurability. Mitochondrial DNA is limited to maternal inheritance and thus gives a unique opportunity to track maternal lines, while nuclear DNA is inherited from both parents.

Despite the safety net of kin, to be successful, family members have to move on. Migration and diversification are necessary to increase the gene pool, to prevent stagnation in extended family connections and to tackle new situations, foes and allies. An oracular, old Native American Osage tocsin is apropos, “If you want to see the light, leave the shade of the tree.” The HUBLERs (as well as most Colonial Americans) journeyed west. However, they often brought family and extended family with them for strength and unity. They probably followed the saying, “An acorn never falls far from the tree.” Nevertheless, the success of the HUBLERs and other migrating groups against seemingly insurmountable odds is remarkable, and perspicaciousness.

I am disabled with Friedreich’s ataxia, which is an autosomal recessive genealogical neurological disorder. The disease usually begins at puberty with subtle changes in proprioception, progresses to wheelchair use by 20 years of age and eventuates in early death, all while leaving mental function unaffected. The inheritance pattern means that the abnormal gene might have been altered thousands of years earlier (carriers are unaffected), and it is not until two carriers with the flawed gene have offspring that the disease manifests itself. Friedreich’s ataxia affects 1 in 50,000 or fewer Americans. Intermarriage dramatically increases the incidence and was commonplace in immigrant families. Common heritage, religion, language, sparse population and isolation bound the immigrants together in life and genes. Intermarriage was so common that following a genealogical string is like unrolling a huge ball of twine with many intersecting knots. There were cousin intermarriages on both my paternal and maternal lines; however, there was neither direct ancestral consanguinity nor mixing of genes between my parental and maternal families. Anyway, my original search for HUBLER family members who had symptoms of Friedreich’s ataxia was non-revealing, but the history of disease was scant. In the last several weeks, I found out that one of the

13

THE HUBLER HISTORY

cousins in my HUBLER family tree has developed middle-aged onset ataxia. Because there was not a known cause for the ataxia and because there was a distant family member with Friedreich’s ataxia (me), genetic screeens for ataxia were performed. The results showed a single mutated gene compatable with a Friedreich’s ataxia carrier state, which confirmed that the HUBLERs unknowingly harbored the gene for generations before the malady finally mauled me.

I was addicted—my interest in genealogy was under way. Divergent dictums crammed my cranium. One short-sighted pundit warned, “Don’t look back, something might be gaining on you,” but sapient Winston Churchill said, “The farther backward you look, the farther ahead you can see.” Joni Mitchell in her song, The Circle Game, warns that we are all trapped in the carrousel of time; and although we can never return, we can observe where we came. Implicit in the lyrics is sagacious and predictive advice. Genealogists have been accused of traveling in the past lane,1 but everyone can plot a better course for the future, if they know where they have been, as well as, where they are.

Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.History might not repeat itself, but fools often repeat history.

1 Internet (http://www.hattiesclothesline.com/html/designs.htm).14

THE HUBLER HISTORY

A Concise Hubler Compendium

The Hubler surname is not common and is of Germanic, Swiss or French origin. “Hubler,” “Huvler,” “Oublier,” “Oubeler,” ”Oubelaire,” “Hoobler,” “Hubeler,” “Hoovler,” and “Howbelare” are a few variants of the spelling of the surname. Soon, the lineage will be easier (and more accurate) to decipher. A genetic expert at Oxford University used (and patented) a technique known as genetic fingerprinting to examine the men's Y chromosome, which is handed down with very little change from father to son. He was able to identify many men who descended from the same ancestor and in one case was able to identify a descendant of a fossilized specimen from a pre-historic man. Microsatellites, repeated sequences of the four nucleotides ( A, C, T and G), seem to carry no important genetic instructions but can be used as "fingerprints" to identify genes. Other DNA mapping projects might illuminate the dark recesses of our past and revolutionize genealogy.

Before 1300, most European peasants went by just one name or had names they did not pass on to their children, but surnames became inherited as a way to transfer the tenancy of the landowner to his children.2 The origin and meaning of the name “HUBLER” is not known. Coats of Arms have been used in Europe since the 13th century, and a coat of arms for HUBLER has been found, but its origin and meaning are unclear. The name “HUBLER” may refer to an “armorer” or arms maker. Germanic onomastic research suggests that the HUBLER surname means “one who fights with a sword.”3 Switzerland is the source of one HUBLER family and was the best-known European source of mercenary armies, so it is possible that the HUBLER surname may be rooted in war. Almost all Swiss families in medieval times had a coat-of-arms, and many of those coats-of-arms were originally awarded in adjoining or nearby countries, such as, Germany or Austria (Holy Roman Empire), France or Hungary. 4 Alternatively, the HUBLERs may have originally been Huguenots expelled from France in the late 1500s, and thus the name “Oublier” which means, “to forget.” The HUBLER surname in this line in America began in Twann, Switzerland. Twann is in the German-speaking part of Switzerland, but it is close to the French speaking area and just east of the French border. Thus, in the Dark Ages, the HUBLER surname was probably rooted in Germany, but the surname may have been exiled from France in the Huguenot expulsion; however, either way, the HUBLER family was Swiss from the late 1500’s. [Some contemporaneous HUBLERs in 18th century Pennsylvania emigrated directly from Chemnitz, Germany. The town is northeast of Berlin and the original church (St. Jakobi) where these HUBLERs were baptized, married, and etc. still stands. These immigrants spelled their surname “Hoobler,” and the intersection of these two inheritance lines (if any) is unknown.]5

The Swiss have recorded the beginnings, marriages and deaths of the residents of Switzerland since the mid-1500's, and the christening of the first HUBLER in Twann, Switzerland was recorded in 1575. Hundreds of years and many generations later, the progenitor of the American HUBLER heirs left his ancestral home of Twann for a new life in the wilderness of Pennsylvania.

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) decided to seek his fate in the distant land of America. He was a journeyman cobbler, a profession of menial skills and modest status, in the wine-growing village of Twann. Apparently, his father, Hans Jacob HUBLER (1673-1731), was a landless man of some wealth who probably died before he was age 60 years old, and it is possible that his death, as well as, religious disparity spurred the emigration of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789).

The economy of early 18th century Switzerland was caught in the throes of a mixture of an agrarian community and mercenary armies as Swiss farmers planted the peaceful pulchritude while Switzerland exported trained fighters to battle in European conflicts. Perhaps, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) saw no future in either and sought more. There is some evidence that he fled religious persecution—the area around Twann was tumultuously wracked with disputes between various

2 Brian Sykes reported his findings in the American Journal of Human Genetics as reported byEastman’sNewsletter on April 9, 2000.3 HUBLER Heirloom Edition published by Halbert’s Family Heritage in June 1996. Note: the information included in this volume is scanty and intermixed with general genealogical information to appear that the data is individualized.4 HUBLER Heirloom Edition published by Halbert’s Family Heritage in June 1996. Note: the information included in this volume is scanty and intermixed with general genealogical information to appear that the data is individualized.5 E-mail from Christine (EtrnlSailorEarth@aol.com) on Nov. 25, 1999.

15

THE HUBLER HISTORY

reformed Protestant sects from Germany and Roman Catholic groups from France, and Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) wrote that “a member of the reformed religion maliciously wanted to extract a certain sum of money from me” when he was in Twann. Later in colonial America, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) did not seem to participate in organized religion, and did not seem to be a zealot. The exact cause for the emigration of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) will probably never be known, but speculation is fun.

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) left Twann, Switzerland and journeyed northwest downstream on the Rhine River to Rotterdam, Holland. After a short stay, he left for America. In 1737 at the age of twenty-seven, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) arrived in the bustling seaport of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on an English ship that sailed from the Dutch port of Rotterdam. Penniless, he indentured himself to pay for the passage to America. The transatlantic trip probably took a month. Pennsylvania was a Mecca for those who sought religious freedom, but Philadelphia was also a gateway to the riches of the New World and was one of the most prosperous and populous (19,000 in 1750) cities in the New World.

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was not the first German-speaking immigrant in 18th century America. In fact, thousands of Germans had established a community just north of Philadelphia, appropriately called "Germantown,” with churches, farms, stores and German language newspapers. (It is now incorporated as part of Philadelphia proper.) Everyone basked in a financial, personal and religious freedom unknown in the Old World. However, Utopia was also risky. While the southeastern rim of Pennsylvania was a prosperous beehive of European immigrants, northern and western Pennsylvania was unsettled "Indian" territory whose potential was tempered by the unknown. Actually, the Native Americans helplessly watched their families and friends die from infectious diseases imported by Europeans, or the Natives were chased westward by the immigrating masses of white settlers. In 18th century Pennsylvania, the American Indian only rarely raided and killed the intruding immigrants (until incited to do so by the French in the French and Indian War in 1752). They were not the greatest danger—the harsh, uncharted and unsettled wilderness of bucolic Pennsylvania was a more formidable threat.

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) arrived in America with little money and no family; but he was literate, young, healthy and filled with a desire for freedom and a better life than he left behind. A quotidian man, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was destined for success. He probably worked in Philadelphia or Germantown for a few years (to fulfill his indenture contract) then ventured north into the wild, but arcadian, territory. With a few other pioneer families in the area, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) established a township, Plainfield, about 75 miles north of Philadelphia. He raised a family of eleven, purchased and cleared land, farmed his soil, saved and shared his money, built the first inn in the region, and more. Pelf was not his passion, but he was proud of his achievements.

During the French and Indian War, the white settlers in Jacob HUBLER's area took refuge in nearby towns from marauding American Indians. The Native Americans were enlisted by the French to annihilate all English settlers; and Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was probably one of those who fled to nearby Nazareth, Pennsylvania. During the American Revolution, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was too old to fight; but he served in the local Pennsylvania militia. Several of his sons and son-in-laws saw action for the insurgents in the War. So, all of the descendants of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) can claim membership in the Daughters/Sons of the American Revolution and be proud of his patriotism in the fledgling country.

When Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) died at the age of 79 years of age, his farm consisted of almost 500 acres, a three-story stone inn and several outbuildings. Only the foundations of the past remain; but "Jacobsburg" is now a Pennsylvania State Park filled with nature trails and covered with a mantle of trees and bush. Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) is buried in Jacobsburg in an unmarked grave, and probably proudly watches as Americans walk through the grand hills and wildness in a park that has been preserved as he had found it three hundred years earlier.

The children of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) stayed close to home. His eldest son, Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811), continued the family traditions of farming, longevity and productivity. His home was close to Jacobsburg in Moore Township, Northampton Co, Pennsylvania. Although he was listed as a "laborer" on his will, that was often a euphemism for a farmer or farm laborer. He owned no land, so he was probably a tenet farmer. Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) inherited the estate of his grandfather [Hans Jacob HUBLER (1673-1731)] in Switzerland] from his father [Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789)] who was unable to gain release of the money from the Swiss

16

THE HUBLER HISTORY

government. Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) finally retrieved 400 Swiss crowns, an amount which probably sustained him for most of his 69 years of life and helped raise his family of eight children and two wives. He died from a fall from a tree in 1811.

Like many immigrant families, subsequent generations of the HUBLER family moved west. More then a century later, Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. (1809 - 1894) would note, “The great thing in this world is not so much where you stand, as in what direction you are moving.” Leaving many HUBLER siblings and cousins whom had become established in eastern Pennsylvania, some moved to central Pennsylvania. Abraham HUBLER (b ca 1779) married in 1798 and settled near Jacobsburg in Hanover Twp, Northampton Co, Pennsylvania. Less than two years later, in 1800, he headed west to New Berlin, Northumberland Co, PA. Abraham HUBLER (b ca 1779) was a weaver and practiced his trade for two decades in New Berlin; and then an itchy foot and the knock of opportunity stimulated his movement to the less populated and more remote Clearfield County in north central Pennsylvania. It is rumored that Abraham HUBLER (b ca 1779) headed west again to Ohio in about 1830 with his wife where he died, an old man; but no one knows his death site or burial place.

Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) was the middle son of Abraham HUBLER (b ca 1779), and he married a childhood neighbor in Centre County, Pennsylvania in 1825. Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) had four children while he lived in Pennsylvania, and then he and his wife moved to eastern Ohio in 1833 where he added eight more children for a total of twelve. Youngstown, Ohio became the HUBLER omphalos. Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) was a successful farmer until his untimely death with typhoid fever at the age of 52 in 1855. His widow then raised the children and ran the farm. While some of the sons of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) moved to the farmland of Wisconsin or rushed to the gold mines of California, most of his children stayed in Youngstown.

Youngstown, Ohio was steel country; and as the Industrial Revolution hit, metal mills and steam stacks sprouted in the countryside of the HUBLER homestead. One of the most prominent men of Youngstown was Alfred Wick who lent his name to streets, buildings and children, including one baby boy of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) in 1842, Alfred Wick HUBLER (1842-1921).

Alfred Wick HUBLER (1842-1921) was one of the dozen children of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), and he continued the HUBLER name in Youngstown with eight children of his own. As a young man, Alfred Wick HUBLER (1842-1921) was not a farmer and left the side of his mother after his father, Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), had died. Alfred Wick HUBLER (1842-1921) served in the Civil War on the "Northern" side. He saw some battle action and watched many of his friends die from disease, the biggest killer in the most deadly American war. Typhus, probably caught while he was a soldier, would weaken him later in adulthood.

When Alfred Wick HUBLER (1842-1921) returned from the War, he began work in the steel mills of Youngstown, Ohio as a boiler in a roller mill for Brown-Bonnell Co. A union man, he was President of the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers for the region for many years. However, weakened by typhus during his youth, Alfred Wick HUBLER (1842-1921) left the strenuous work in the steel mill and worked for his brother-in-law making candy and later laying cement for Eureka College.

A dapper dresser who sported a trademark pencil-thin mustache, Alfred Wick HUBLER (1842-1921) was proud of his appearance and family, but time was a heavy burden for him. His mind and health failed; and at the age of 89 years, he died at his home in Youngstown, Ohio and was interred in Oak Hill Cemetery.

Lloyd Lincoln HUBLER (1886-1972), the youngest boy in the family of A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921), was born with steel in his veins; and he used the tenacity that he inherited and the skills of his father to become the first HUBLER to go to college. L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) attended Ohio Northern University in Ada, Ohio in the engineering department. His uncle, EDWIN HUBLER, who owned a small cement plant, paid his college expenses. The Midwest was steel country; and L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) worked all of his life as an engineer in steel plants. He began as a structural engineer in Birmingham, Alabama in 1915.

The Depression hit the steel business especially hard and many employees and companies were left without work, although several years passed before white-collar workers fell. In 1934, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) lost his job in Birmingham, Alabama; but he found work at United Eng. & Fn'd Co. in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. However, he again was laid off in 1943. Searching for work in 1945, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) stopped to visit an acquaintance in Gadsden, Alabama

17

THE HUBLER HISTORY

and was hired immediately at Republic Steel Corp. where he worked for 13 years until his retirement. A jovial, short (5' 6") man, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) married twice but only had one child, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993).

L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) was a loyal man who supported his infant son and first wife during many years of separation, even in meager times. A sportsman, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972), filled his retirement time with hunting and fishing. His second marriage was for company—not in the hunting fields, but at home. He proudly watched his son, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) achieve the pinnacle of professions, medicine. Finally, his heart failed him, and L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) died at the age of 76.Winthrope R. HUBLER (1916-1993) did not sail through a life of smooth waters. From an auspicious beginning, the only child of L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) seemed destined to achieve; but his frail, fanatical mother and robust, buxom father separated when he was young; and the effects of that split was a burden he carried all of his life. Probably because of his tumultuous rearing tied to an obsessive mother's apron strings in a single parent home in times of economic woes, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) did not trust people easily and often was ruled by insecurity. However, driven by his mother and by genes which imparted both intelligence and success, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) did the impossible—he became a physician. Even more, he joined the elite few dermatologists in America.

It was difficult to break the HUBLER foothold, and W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) returned to the family stronghold of Youngstown, Ohio to practice after finishing his medical training in Cleveland, Ohio in 1945. But risk and migration west were also genetic traits; and in 1947, he left a lucrative, successful dermatological practice in Youngstown and took his two sons and wife to Texas to begin a new life far from the HUBLER country in Ohio and his family.

In 1947, Corpus Christi, Texas was a sleepy town with a population of 90,000 on the Gulf of Mexico. The economy of the town was based on farming, an infant oil industry and a World War II vintage U. S. Naval Air Station. It was a perfect spot for W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) and his family. The smog and snow of Ohio were left behind for the clear, sunny skies and sand of South Texas. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) hunkered down to begin a practice in dermatology that would last almost 40 years.

W. R. HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945) was a typical first child—intense, independent and abrasive, and he often was introspective and enjoyed solitude. When he developed a slowly progressive ataxia in high school, his affliction made him focus his intensity toward achievement, and he aimed his abilities toward a medical career. The second child, Lloyd (David) HUBLER (b 1947), had a different personality. He was a gregarious, jovial juvenile who often watched with quiet amusement as his older brother, W.R. HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945), noisily railed against the establishment. He excelled in all intellectual and physical activity. Parties and girls filled his realm. Clever and innovative, he decided on a medical career almost as a challenge. With proud parental support, both of the sons of W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) decided to pursue medical careers. Both sons married while in medical training, and grandchildren soon followed. Later, L. David HUBLER (b 1947) specialized in orthopedic surgery and settled in Dallas, Texas, and W. R.HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945) returned to Corpus Christi to join his father in dermatological practice.

In the late 1960's, there was trouble in the HUBLER home in Corpus Christi. With their "nest" empty in 1967, Marie Seale (1918-1988) and W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) could not cope. She sought help in the bottomless pit of alcohol, and he stepped in the quicksand of cupidity. The couple separated. It must have brought back all of the memories of his parental estrangement, and W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) could not handle the solitude and rejection. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) and Marie Seale (1918-1988) were divorced in 1972; and shortly afterward in 1974, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) married a second time to Helen Mullen (b 1952) who would gave him the psychological and emotional support he craved and needed, and also the youth which had evaded him.

In the 1980s, the memory of W. R. HUBLER (1916-1993) slowly began to fail; and by 1986, he was diagnosed as having Alzheimer's disease, and he had to retire from his medical practice. His family watched in horror as his mind was destroyed by the untreatable disease; and in 1990 when his physical and mental abilities became uncontrollable, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was incarcerated in a nursing home. He could no longer remember his roots, family or personal history. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) died in 1993 in Corpus Christi, Texas.

18

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The HUBLER family is not exceptional, but it is representative of many of the families who immigrated to America seeking a better life. There were no aristocrats, intellectuals or wealthy among the HUBLER immigrants. Also, there are no major skeletons in the collective closets. But, the HUBLER families had their own lexicon. Sweat led to success; chance meant challenge; adversity equaled adventure; progeny connoted productivity; risk spelled reward; family equated future; disabled meant desire; right denoted responsibility.

The HUBLER progenitor came to America in search of a better life. He was willing to take chances to succeed and had a positive goal. He came to America because as a free man, he wanted more from life. The HUBLER immigrant forefather ended up as a landed farmer, although he came as a penniless cobbler. He emigrated from Europe with a work ethic engendered by his forefathers—a philosophy that many modern Americans seemed to have lost. Success was made by individual hard work, not the game of "getting more for less" which is pervasive in our society today. Individual rights were inseparable from individual responsibilities. “Unions,” “co-ops” and “communalism” were not part of their jargon. Fate was earned, not given. Every man carried his own destiny on his shoulders.

In 1997, the HUBLER surname heads an estimated 1,327 households and is shared by 2,919 individuals in the United States. It is not surprising that most HUBLER households are in Pennsylvania, the disembarkation point in America of the first HUBLER. Switzerland counts 698 individuals in 279 households.

The search for the famous and infamous in the HUBLER family continues; because much of what we are, we inherited.

19

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The Old World

The Beginning

The origin of mankind has not been irrevocably established, and a detailed dissertation on the subject is beyond this family history. Basically, three postulates exist with equally vocal proponents, as follows.

(1) Some religious zealots support the Biblical story of the Garden of Eden as an actual place with the original man as its first resident hand-made by God. Almost all societies have similar creation myths or stories—each with themselves as the benefactor. The Garden of Eden has not been located, but probably the land lies in the desert sands of eastern Africa or under the water just off the Tigris/Euphrates River in the Gulf off Iran.(2) Some evolutionists believe that man evolved over millions of years from several pre-hominid, ape-like creatures; and then, the final product, man, migrated from his birthplace, Africa, to Europe and thence to all areas of the world.(3) A group of scientists propose that man developed about a million years ago independently in different parts of the globe (e.g., Africa, Asia, and South America) and remained in separate genetic pools until fairly recent times.

The theorem with the most scientific backing and general acceptance is (2), the diffusion scenario. However, the truth may lie in a combination of these theories (they are not mutually exclusive—theistic evolutionists believe that the evolution described by scientists occurred but was divinely directed), and the riddle may remain unsolved for a long time; however, modern DNA methods may provide some answers to the anthropologists’ dilemma.

Most civilized societies traced the beginning of mankind to the gods of their own belief, and many times the traditions described similar events. It is possible that worldwide catastrophic events (such as, the great flood) actually occurred (probably on a regional basis), but the story and significance was interpreted and applied by each society. At first, mankind transmitted their history and genealogy through oral tradition, but with the development of writing, genealogies especially of the royals or rulers became concrete. Sumerians transcribed cuneiform records; Egyptians used historical hieroglyphs; Chinese draw elaborate scrolls; Greeks penned poems, and the Maya inscribed in stone—everyone had distinct ways of recording their family histories. When I began to collect and collate data, it required much delving through dusty journals, but now the Internet and computers have supplanted and enhanced data gathering and presentation. There is a certain bit of humor in using futuristic tools to reveal the past!

Archaic Europe

The origin of the humans in Prehistoric-Archaic Europe is unclear. Evolutionists cite a slow evolution from ape-like creatures in Africa to modern man about 5 million years ago, and the diffusion of the humanoids to France.6 The chain has many missing links, some of which are being filled in by constant discoveries. Tracing such a evolutionary chain is similar to, but more difficult than, genealogy, since paeloanthropolgists have few clues—no oral traditions (ancient humanoids could not speak any known language), no written record (they could not write), few artifacts (only their own bones), a low population number (only thousands), a large living area (over most of the world) and a long time span (millions of years). Modern aging analysis and genetic evaluation of ancient hominid remains are clarifying the situation. Any outline of descendancy would be inherently speculative; nevertheless, the evidence is that a predecessor of modern man (Homo sapiens) began in eastern Africa. Although no fossil has been identified, it is postulated that mankind and the great apes had a common ancestor (4 to 6 million years ago), but they took divergent (and sometimes parallel) paths of development. Homo erectus was probably the first hominid to use fire, and they migrated from Africa to most contiguous countries (diffusion

20

THE HUBLER HISTORY

theorem) of Europe and Asia over a million years ago. Creationists disbelieve evolution but cannot explain the various species of hominids and offer no scientific proof of their proposal (nonetheless, about six states are considering rules that would outlaw the discussion of evolution in public schools and advance the creativity idea). Both sides might be correct.

The first humans found in France were of the Homo erectus species who lived around 950,000 BCE. They evolved slowly into two distinct lines—Homo neanderthalensis (“Neanderthal Man” about 200,000 years ago) and Homo sapiens (“Modern Man” about 100,000 years ago). These two “cousin” species shared similar brain sizes, physiognomies, niches and cultures. Their time span overlapped, and they lived and hunted in the same parts of Europe simultaneously (but distinctly). However, the Neanderthal species mysteriously disappeared about 25,000 years ago. No one knows why. There are three current theories—(1) warfare (but their populations were so sparse that probably there was no confrontation between the two groups, and Neanderthal man was stronger), (2) genetic intermingling between species (in 1997, DNA extracted from a Neanderthal cranium showed a different pattern than that of modern man, but a 1999 study of a fossil child from Spain showed features of both Homo neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens; so the answer is conflicted), and (3) symbolic thought and innovation were mental functions developed by modern man, but not Neanderthals (new ideas transmissible to others, such as, ideas through cave paintings that would spell success for competition for a niche sought by both groups).7 More clues need to be discovered. Is evolution finished? Possibly it is, as it has been known in the past. Genetic selection (see Introduction) might supplant natural selection in the future of Homo sapiens.

The Ice Age affected the terrain of modern Britain and France, and prehistoric man migrated south of the ice sheet. Temperatures averaged -8º C, and because ice trapped so much of the seawater, the sea level fell so low that there was dry land between Britain and France. The low temperature precluded the growth of vegetation, so herbivorous animals left, and omnifarious man suffered. At the end of the ice age in about 10,000 BCE, man evolved toward the more settled life known as the Neolithic civilizations (4,000-2,500 BCE). They modified their hunter-gathering, cultivated crops, smelt metals and lived in villages. The history of uncivilized mankind is steeped in the void of a written record and the paucity of lasting physical artifacts, and it is best studied in topic-specific texts.

Switzerland

Modern Switzerland encompasses the area from Lake Geneva to Lake Constance, from the Jura and the Rhine Rivers to the valley of the Southern Alps. The historical HUBLER village of Twann lies on the northern edge of Lake Bienne, now known as Bielersee, in the district of Nidau about 15 miles northwest of Bern and 2 miles southwest of Biel in Canton Bern, Switzerland.8 Before the late Middle Ages, Switzerland was a territory in Europe without political or cultural autonomy.9

The region around Lake Bienne, Switzerland has been populated for millennia. Paleolithic lake-dwellers and their predecessors, the cave-dwellers, lived along the shores of Lake Bienne in prehistoric times; and these hunter-gatherers settled between the Alps and Jura and moved along the hospitable shores of the lakes of Switzerland. Iron artifacts in central Europe appeared about 2,000 BCE.10 The Neolithic Ligurian people occupied northern Italy and Switzerland and lasted until the peaceful Villanovas settled in the area. In turn, the Villanovas lived there until the invasion of Etruscans.

The shadowy, primitive and warlike Etruscans probably migrated from Asia Minor about 900 BC when the Hittite Empire shattered, and they established a homeland in northern Italy and 7 Lemonick, Michael and Dorfman, Andrea. “Up From The Apes” in Time, Aug. 23, 1999.8Map of Switzerland (Suiza), obtained from the Swiss embassy in New York.9Fahrni, Dieter. An Outline History of Switzerland: From the Origins to the Present Day. In personal library; booklet sent by Swiss embassy in New York in 1990.10Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Dec. 20, 1991.

21

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Switzerland by ousting and enslaving the native Villanovas. The Etruscans, who left little lasting effects, worshipped a pantheon of gloomy gods and prophesied by consulting flatus. The Etruscans built a series of fortified cities that offered security from the equally warlike Celts who followed them into Switzerland.11

The origin of the Celts is not known. Celtic speaking peoples migrated throughout much of Europe during the Neolithic period, and diverse groups of Celts occupied and controlled Europe, including the area from the Balkans of Greece and Central Europe to Spain and Italy. Various Celtic tribes inhabited the Lake Bienne area, and the most important group was the Helvetians who settled in the sub-Alpine area between the Alps and the Jura River. The Celts displaced the Etruscans until their subsequent defeat by the Roman Empire.

While northern Italy and the Alpine area were crisscrossed with cold mountains and fertile valleys, southern Italy with its warm seacoasts and lubricious plains became the home for the great empire of Rome. The foundations of Rome began about 753 BC in Italy south of the Tiber River when the Latins banded together to fend off the Etruscans, Celts and Gauls of France. Rome changed the face and future Europe forever.

After centuries of internal conflict, war and mobilization, Rome became a cohesive military might that dominated Europe by decimating the Gauls and Germanic tribes under the guidance of its consul and leader, Julius Caesar. In the battle of Bibracte against the Gauls and Helvetians in 58 AD, Caesar's victory began the Roman rule of the country now known as Switzerland.

The peaceful and fruitful Roman occupation of Switzerland meant prosperity for two centuries. The major Roman town of Aventicum (now Avenches) held 50,000 people within its fortified walls and was the hub for a network of roads and aqueducts (portions of which remain today) which extended throughout Switzerland. But, Utopia did not last.

The Roman Empire was invaded by Germanic tribes (Alemannians and Burgundians) in 260 AD, and Helvetia became an impoverished border province of Rome. Finally, in 400 AD, Rome evacuated Switzerland leaving behind the two successful invaders, the Alemannians (who adopted the Latin lingo and accepted Christianity) and the Burgundians (who retained their Germanic language and religion)

By the 5th century, after hundreds of years of commingling of cultures, the modern populace of the Lake Bienne area began to emerge. The Celts disappeared, most likely the victims of mixed marriages and a cultural melting pot. The northern edge of Lake Bienne was settled by Gallo-Romans who spoke the ancient Roman dialect called Franco-Provential and named the central northern shore "Tuana.” By the 8th century, Germanic tribes finally reached the northern shores of Lake Bienne; and the "Germanization" of Tuana began. The process was gradual, and the ultimate fusion of German, French and Italian cultures is still found in Twann today. One half of the families who live in modern Twann have a Germanic origin (surnames include Engel, Krebs, Feitknect, HUBLER, etc.), and the remaining are Roman (such as, Murset, Irlet, Gurlet, Perrot, etc.); but because of intermarriage and intermingling, few can claim a homogenous bloodline. HUBLER families have populated Twann for centuries and probably came from southern Germany.12

Medieval Europe was agrarian. The commerce and communication that was built by the Romans decayed. A system of manorial dependency developed as the nobles and serfs became self-sufficient. Towns and money dissolved, and the fine balance of self-reliance was too dependent on climatic calamities. Since the system rarely produced a surplus, famine was a constant threat. Many regions of Switzerland were composed of uncultivated forest terrain.

In the 12th century, times began to change. The population increased; new implements for farming were invented; cultivable lands were cleared; productivity soared; trade with far off nations revived; monetary patterns began anew; towns proliferated. By the 14th century, an interlocking, but patchwork, feudal system of fiefdoms developed.

Twann was first mentioned in historical accounts in 1136.13

In 1291, three cantons of Switzerland (Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden) formed a loose alliance (the League of the Three Forest Cantons) against the noble and dominant power in the

22

THE HUBLER HISTORY

duchy of Swabia, the Hapsburgs. The fight continued throughout the 14th century, and the infantry of the confederacy won a series of battles against the troops of the High German nobility. The confederacy was joined by five other Swiss cantons and was called the "Eight Cantons.” The Swiss cantons were united loosely by a federal diet, but the areas enjoyed great autonomy and often self-serving separateness. By 1499, the Swiss had earned prestige and a reputation for military prowess (and had even sent troops for war well beyond the Swiss borders); but the Swiss society was riddled with social unrest.14, 15

Swiss soldiers continued their militarism in the 1500's, and began a tradition of mercenary service that would last for centuries; but civil turmoil continued at home. The Swiss Reformation that began in 1519 was an outgrowth of the social climate and the rise of the power of the individual Swiss. Beginning in the 1500's, charismatic Huldrych Zwingli (who was ecclesiastically aligned with Luther in Germany) sought to retake church lands and remove clerical domination of spiritual events (which would make Christianity more accessible to the general masses). His efforts were opposed by a powerful Spain and the influential Holy Roman Empire; however, the Swiss overwhelmingly adopted the changes. John Calvin furthered the cause and religious refugees from the many areas of European Catholicism that flooded Switzerland. Many of the refugees were tradesmen who brought skills to Switzerland, which remain today in the country's craft and financial markets. Zwingli was more radical than Luther and called for abandoning musical instruments (e.g., organs) and images in church, outlawing monastism, allowing priests to marry, ending infant baptism, banning the Mass, simplifying the Holy Communion, and more. The cantons of Bern and Basel followed his lead, but others resisted. Zwingli died in battle in 1531, and unlike Luther, his reforms did not last; however, his admonitions against infant baptism were perpetuated by Anabaptist groups (e.g., Baptists and Mennonites) who still perform adult baptisms.16

The nadir of Swiss history was from 1650 to 1750. Tens of thousands of Swiss mercenary soldiers fought in other countries (mostly France), and their wages constituted the major Swiss industry. Cantons were only loosely allied, and patrician oligarchies ruled in a reactionary fashion. In fact, the Swiss Federal Diet did not even meet for over 100 years—a sure sign of its weakness. Protestant cantons (e.g., Twann) resented and resisted providing mercenary troops to France when the Catholic country used the soldiers against Protestant countries, especially the Netherlands. The Swiss schism further weakened Switzerland. [It was during this tumultuous period that Hans Jacob HUBLER was born (1710), left Twann for a Dutch port (probably in 1736) and immigrated to America (1737)].

In the early 1800's, after the fall of Napoleon, Switzerland became a stable democracy composed of 22 cantons whose claim to neutrality was recognized by the countries of Europe, many of them former clients of Swiss mercenaries!

Switzerland in 2001 is one of the richest countries in the world. The population of Switzerland is about 6.5 million; however, since 75% of Switzerland is mountainous, everyone is crammed into a small space; and the country has one of highest population densities. Switzerland is only 137 miles long (north to south) and 216 miles across (east to west), but with so many mountains, travel can be slow and circuitous. The highest point is 15,203 feet. The Rhine River is the only navigable river, but many of the 1,484 lakes are covered with boats.

The Jura is the northwestern one-third of the country, and Twann is in that portion. The Jura results from the folding of the Alps and consists of calcareous formations—chalk base and cultivable prairies. Most people live and work in the central plateau region.

Swiss citizens speak four languages—a soft or high dialect of German (73%), French (20%), Italian (5%) and Romanish (Rhaeto-Roman) (1%). Twann is in a German-speaking region, but it is on the edge of the French linguistics part. Fifty percent of Swiss are Protestant, and 44% are Roman Catholic.17 Most modern Swiss are multilingual.

23

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The Hubler Family in Switzerland

A few decades ago in the 1970s, data on the HUBLER family was retrieved from Twann by a professional genealogist searching for ordinances for the Mormon Church, and the report is the source for much of the information presented herein.18, 19 Some of the information was corroborated by an independent, volunteer genealogists in Twann. 20 Since Napoleon’s army destroyed all civil records in Twann, private church registers are all that exist. As is typical in most Germanic communities in Europe, church records tend to be grouped into families, christening dates (and not birth dates) are registered, and little personal or historical background is recorded. Furthermore, even though the genealogical trees are extensive, they are incomplete.

The actual parentage of my ancestor, Benedict HUBLER (below) was not recorded; however, there was a Benedict HUBLER [Bendicht HUBLER (ca 1600- ??) who was married to Johanna Schmid (Aug. 27, 1604 Bernack, St.Gallen, Switz.- ??).21

Bendicht HUBLER (Aug. 1612- ??)Keungold Perro (c July 20, 1617 Twann-June 19, 1671 Twann) (m Nov. 20, 1637 in Twann)

(dau of Rodolphe Perro and Benedicta Feigknecht)Katharina HUBLER (c Sept. 2, 1638 Twann) (m Peter Perro in 1662) (9 children)Anna HUBLER (c Aug. 9, 1640 Twann)Rudolf HUBLER (c Dec. 12, 1641 Twann)Heinrich (Hans Friedrich) HUBLER (1644-1687) (m Jeanne Pilloud)Niclaus HUBLER (c Aug. 23, 1646 Twann) (m Margarth Schltenbrand in 1667)Margareth HUBLER (c Sept. 10, 1648 Twann) (m Wilhelm Lehnen in 1674) (4 kids)Bendicht HUBLER (c Aug. 3, 1651 Twann-Nov. 7, 1660 Twann)Hans Jacob HUBLER (c Oct. 15, 1654 Twann)Peter HUBLER (c July 26, 1657 Twann) (m Elsbeth Begre) (3 children)Kuengold HUBLER (c Nov. 13, 1659 Twann-Nov. 17, 1665 Twann) (d as child)

Heinrich (Hans Friedrich) HUBLER (c Mar. 3, 1644 Twann, Bern, Switz.-Jan. 2, 1687 Twann)Jeanne Pillou (c June 25, 1643-Ligerz, Bern, Switz-Apr. 2, 1717) (dau of Jaques Pillou) (m Jan. 20,

1668)Keungold HUBLER (c Oct. 4, 1668-Mar. 17, 1730)Johannes HUBLER (c Apr. 13, 1673-Aug. 28, 1741) (m Margreth Gerster)

Eliseth HUBLER (c 1697) (m Rudolf Krebs)Anna Maria HUBLER (c 1703) (m Abraham HUBLER)Johannes HUBLER (c 1710)

Peter HUBLER (c Jan. 21, 1677-Feb. 24, 1751) (m Anna Maria Muerset in 1706)Peter HUBLER (c 1707)Peter HUBLER (c 1711) (m Maria Magdalena Perro)Susanna HUBLER (c 1713)Nichlaus HUBLER (c 1715) (m Elsbeth Weber)

Hans Jacob HUBLER (1673/221680-173123) (m Anna Graussi)

18 Data mailed to me by Heinz Hubler via snail mail (1230 First St., Monterrey, CA 93940) collected by Fred J.Wysard and dated March 1970.19IGI Mormon Church, 1988.20Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996. 21 Data mailed to me by Heinz Hubler via snail mail (1230 First St., Monterrey, CA 93940) collected by Fred J. Wysard and dated March 1970.22Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996. 23Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.

24

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Hans Jacob HUBLER (c Apr. 13, 1673/24Jun. 6, 1680 Twann, Switz-Aug. 28, 173125)Anna Graussi (c Sept. 30, 1683 Twann, Bern, Switz.- ??) (m March 17, 1710 in Twann)

(Hans) Jacob HUBLER (b Dec. 1710; c Jan. 4, 1711 Twann, Switz.-1789 Northampton Co, PA) (m Barbara ??)

At least three HUBLER clans populated Twann at in the 15th century.26, 27 The government of Bern, Switzerland obligated its citizens to register christenings, marriages and deaths beginning in 1557. The parson of the village collected and recorded the data.28 In modern Switzerland, HUBLER families populate six cantons; however, all the HUBLER families came from only two villages of the canton of Bern—Twann and Batterkinden.29 Twann was the homeland of the families in this report. The first HUBLER recorded in Twann was Balt (Balthasar) HUBLER who was christened on Aug. 22, 1575 and was the son of Peter HUBLER and Barbara Willome.30 Birth dates are not recorded; but generally, a christening took place within three weeks after birth. Dozens of people named HUBLER are listed in the town's history, and there were probably three HUBLER clans in Twann from 1650-1750.31, 32

The origin of the HUBLER surname earlier than those in Twann is unknown. Twann has a mixture of German and French speaking families and is close to the borders of both countries. The HUBLER families in this report predominately spoke German and followed Germanic-Swiss customs; and so patently, a German origin is suggested; however, it might be that the families migrated to Twann from France during the Catholic-Huguenot turmoil in the 16th century as Huguenots with the French name of “Oublier.”

Official records of early Twann are scant. Twann was first mentioned in 1136 and “bought itself“ from the city of Bern in 1494.33 Vine growing was begun in Twann when the vines were brought to the area around Biel for use in monasteries. After the Reformation, the property of the monasteries was taken by the city of Bern (the citizens of Twann owned only a few vineyards—they mostly cultivated the vineyards owned by Bern and received one-half of the crop as payment).34 On March 5, 1798, Napoleon conquered Bern and occupied Twann.35 Twann is a small village between France and Bern. Napoleon's troops burned all the archives and parish registers, so all the data concerning the inhabitants of Twann went up in flames. The only surviving genealogical records before 1798 are private. Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) had immigrated to America in 1737, eighty years before Napoleon’s pyrogenics; so tracing his lineage is difficult. The past is only piecemeal in Twann.36

Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) lived in Twann, Canton of Bern, Switzerland in the early 1700's. He was the father of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) who immigrated to Pennsylvania in 1737. Two separate genealogists have searched for data on the HUBLER family in Twann and have somewhat different interpretations about the birth year of Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731), but it is explainable. Both37,38 agree that the father of Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) was Hans Friedrich HUBLER (1644-1687), and both agree that Hans Friedrich HUBLER (1644-1687) had a son named Johannes HUBLER in 1673; however, one39 found that this Johannes HUBLER (b 1673) married Margreth Gerster, while the other40 stated that Johannes HUBLER (b 1673) married Anna Graussi and so must have been Hans Jacob HUBLER. The first41 is probably correct, and so I have used the birth year of 1680 for Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731).

Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) of Switzerland married Anna Katharina Graussi (b 1683) on March 17, 1710; and in December 1710 they had their first child, (Hans) Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789).42,43 (Hans) Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789), inherited his father's estate; so Anna Graussi (b 1683) probably had died earlier since she was not the inheritor; however, in many cases, a father would leave his estate to his sons, and they in turn would watch after their mother. Since the estate of Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) went to his son, (Hans) Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789), he probably was an only child. A search of the records did not reveal the death of any sibling death prior to 1741,44,45 and the will of Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) did not mention another sibling.46 The same search showed no obituary for Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731),47a date before which he surely was dead. (Hans) Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) began to try to collect

25

THE HUBLER HISTORY

his father's [Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731)] estate by letter in 1741 or 1763 (the record is not clear).48 His first known letter was to a friend in Twann in 1739 (only two years after his immigration to America), and it is possible that both of his parents were dead. I suspect that Anna Katharina Graussi (b 1683) may have died soon after childbirth, and Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) died young, probably before (Hans) Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) emigrated in about 1735, leaving (Hans) Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) without a family. His death date has not been irrefutably established, but Emil Saurer found that Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) died on Aug. 28, 1731.49 I suspect that Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) died when he was out of the country (perhaps in Germany), or he died in the dysentery epidemic that killed so many in Twann in the early 18th century, either of which may be why there no documents attesting to his death in Twann.

In 1763 when Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) tried to collect his inheritance in Twann, it was valued at 300 Swiss crowns, and the "property" was administered by a guardian, a cousin of his, Hans Jakob Bernet (who lent part of the moneys and managed other transactions).50,51 I am not sure if the "property" was land, but probably not. Saurer could find no record of land and postulates that the estate consisted only of money pointing out that the original estate was 300 Kronen, but that when it was released forty years later, it was worth 400 Kronen with the from interest added (Twann withheld a 10% release fee).52 By 1741, the fortune in the estate of Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) was already managed by the guardian. So if Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) left no land, he may have been an artesian, warrior or laborer. Perhaps he was a shoemaker, like his son became.53 By 1793, the same estate was worth 400 Swiss crowns.54 I do not know the value of 400 Swiss crowns (probably $200-$2,000/crown). Emil Saurer estimates that 600 Kronen in today’s money would be $10,000-$15,000.55 The amount was sizable, but not prodigious, and was indicative of a social/financial status of substance. It is even possible that Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) was a mercenary soldier, a major industry of 17th century Switzerland.

The family lineage of Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) is not clear. It is interesting and unfortunate that the sources from which the Mormon Church obtained records (for dozens of people with the surname HUBLER in Twann) did not list (Hans) Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789).56 The Mormon Church does not have a representative in Twann, but a professional genealogist was hired by a private family (see above). Perhaps the fact that the HUBLER family sheets are missing from the church records in Twann might indicate that this HUBLER family may have been associated with another religious group, or perhaps it was just a oversight; however, the christening was recorded in January 1711 in Twann and was retrievable. Since his son, (Hans) Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789), had a problem with the religion of the region,57 maybe his father did also. The partial maternal family tree follows.58, 59, 60,61

26

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The Pillou Family

Jaques Pillou (ca 1620- ??)?? (ca 1620- ??)

Jeanne Pillou (June 1643 Liguez, Bern-??) (m Hans Friedrich HUBLER on Jan. 20, 1668 in Twann)

Jeanne Pillou was christened in Liguez, Bern, Switzerland and married in adjacent Twann.62 Jeanne Pilloud was from Ligerz, a French-speaking hamlet adjacent to and west of Twann. Ligerz was also the site of residency of one of the godmothers of Anna Katharina Graussi (b 1683).63 A partial family tree is above with the known or definite members in bold.

The Schmid Family

Rudolf Schmid (ca 1580- ??)Magdalena Galluser (ca 1580- ??)

Johanna Schmid (Aug. 27, 1604 Berneck, St. Gallen, Switz.- ??)

Johanna Schmid (Aug. 27, 1604 Berneck, St. Gallen, Switz.- ??)Bendicht HUBLER (ca 1600- ??)

Bendicht HUBLER (1619- ??) (m Keungold Perro)

The Schmid family also was associated with the HUBLER family in Twann, Switzerland from at least 1600. Many members of each family married members of the other family.64 Johana Schmid (Aug. 27, 1604- ??) was born in Berneck, St. Gallen, Switzerland on Aug. 27, 1604.65 Her father was Rudolf Schmid (ca 1580- ??), and her mother was Magdalena Galluser (ca 1580- ??).66 She married Benedict HUBLER (ca 1600- ??) in about 1619 when she was 15 years old because Benedict HUBLER (1619- ??) was born in 1619.67 In 1645, an Elzbeth Schmid married an Abraham HUBLER in Bolligen, Bern, Switzerland.68 The IGI contains the names of dozens of Schmid individuals from Switzerland.69 However, I am not sure this is my line (see above).

62IGI Morman Church, 1992.63Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Dec. 1, 1993.64IGI Mormon Church, 1992.65IGI Morman Church, CC; as of April 1, 1994..66IGI Morman Church, CC; as of April 1, 1994..67IGI Morman Church, CC; as of April 1, 1994..68IGI Mormon Church, 1988.69IGI Morman Church, CC; as of April 1, 1994..

27

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The Perro Family

For centuries the Perro family and the HUBLER family had been associated, married, intermarried and shared land in Twann, Bern, Switzerland.70 The godmother of Hans Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was Elsbeth Perro.71 “ Perro” was a surname of Roman (Italian) descent.72 A partial family tree follows with the known or definite members in bold.

Niklaus Perro (ca 1560- ??)Adelheid Fasnacht (ca 1564- ??) (m Feb. 9, 1584 Twann)

Rudolf Perro (1590 Twann- ??) (m Benedichta Feigknecht)Maria Perro (May 16, 1594 Twann- ??)

Rudolf Perro (1590 Twann- ??)Benedichta Feigknecht (ca 1593-??) (m Jan. 18, 1613 Twann)

Heinrich Perro (March 20, 1614 Twann- ??)Kuengold Perro (July 20, 1617 Twann- ??) (m Bendicht HUBLER)Hans Rudolf Perro (Jan. 9, 1625 Twann- ??)Peter Perro (March 15, 1629 Twann- ??)

Keungold Perro (ca 1619- ??) (m Nov. 20, 1637)73

Bendicht HUBLER (Aug. 1619- ??)Katharina HUBLER (1638- ??) (m Peter Perro in 1662; 5 children)74

Anna HUBLER (1640- ??)Rudolf HUBLER (1641- ??)Heinrich (Hans Friedrich) HUBLER (1644- ??) (m Jeanne Pilloud)Margareth HUBLER (1648- ??)Bendicht HUBLER (1651- ??)Hans Jacob HUBLER (1654- ??)Peter HUBLER (1657- ??)Kuengold HUBLER (1659- ??)

The database IGI at the Mormon Church75 can be used to make partial family trees of Anna Perro (Aug. 26, 1666 - ??). She was born in Taeuffelen, Bern, Switzerland. A partial family tree follows with the known or definite members in bold and the probable members underlined.

Peter Perrod (1573- ??)Anna Tschiffeli (ca 1575- ??

Peter Perrod (Mar. 7, 1601 Twann, Bern- ??)or

Niklaus Perrod (ca 1570- ??)Franziska Kleinmeister (ca 1570- ??) (m Feb.16, 1590 Twann)

Peter Perrod (June 20, 1601 Twann, Bern- ??)

Peter Perro (ca 1601- ??)Maria Steinegger (ca 1610- ??) (m Dec. 7, 1629 Twann, Bern)

Hans Jakob Perro (March 27,1631 Twann- ??)70GI Mormon Church, listing as of March, 1992; in CC church library.71Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, Oct. 1992; copies of records; copy in file.72Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland.73IGI Morman Church, 1992.74IGI Morman Church, 1992.75GI Mormon Church, listing as of March, 1992; in CC church library.

28

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Peter Perro (Feb. 24, 1633 Twann, Bern- ??) (m Elsbeth Balli)Heinrich Perro (Jan. 18, 1635 Twann- ??)

Peter Perro (Feb. 24, 1633 Twann, Bern- ??)Elsbeth Balli (ca 1633- ??) (m Feb. 20, 1654 Twann)

Margaret Perro (1655 Twann, Bern- ??)Elsbeth Perro (May 14, 1660 Neuenstadt, Bern- ??)Peter Perro (1662 Neuenstat, Bern- ??)Anna Perro (Aug. 26, 1666 Taeuffelen, Bern- ??)

Anna Perro (Aug. 26, 1666 Taeuffellen, Bern-??) (m Jan. 15, 1683 Twann)Peter Graussi, the younger (ca 1650 Twann- ??)

Anna Katharina Graussi (Aug. 1683- ??) (m Hans Jacob HUBLER)

Some other HUBLER/Perro partial family trees follow.76

Daniel HUBLER (ca 1685- ??)Elzabeth Perro (ca 1685- ??) (m 1688)

Anna Catharina HUBLER (1695)Anna Maria HUBLER (1698- ??)Hans Jacob HUBLER (1713- ??)

Hans Rudolf HUBLER (1647- ??)Appolonia Lehmen (??-1669)

Maria Magdena HUBLER (1671- ??)Catharina HUBLER (1675- ??)Samuel HUBLER (1679- ??) (m Maria Barbara Perro 1705)Maria HUBLER (1681- ??)

Sameul HUBLER (1675- ??)Maria Barbara Perro (ca 1685- ??) (m 1705)

Hans Rudolf HUBLER (1706- ??)Hans Jacob HUBLER (1713- ??)Abraham HUBLER (1715- ??)

29

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The Graussi Family

Little is known about Anna Graussi (b 1683). The child of Peter Graussi and Anna Perro, Anna Graussi (b 1683) was born in 1683.77 The IGI at the Mormon Library lists the name as “Graussi”78 while Ernst HUBLER in his research in Switzerland identified the name as “Graupi.” 79 Emil Saurer found that the name was definitely “Graussi.”80

Peter Graussi, the younger (ca 1650 Twann- ??)Anna Perro (Aug. 26, 1666 Taeuffellen, Bern-??) (m Jan. 15, 1683 Twann)

Anna Katharina Graussi (c Sept. 30, 1683- ??) (m Hans Jacob HUBLER)

Once more, the Perro family lent its member!! Anna Katharina Graussi was christened on Sept. 30, 1683 in Twann, so she was probably born in August or September 1683, the first legitimate child of Peter Graussi and Anna Perro. The godparents named at the event were Daniel Ruff, Anna von Steiger and Katharina von Ligerz, consort of the noble squire of Erlach, governor of Frienisberg.81,82 Anna Katharina Graussi (1683- ??) was christened Anna Katharina because one of her godmothers was named “Anna” and the other “Katharina.” Usually, only the first of the two names was used as the Christian name. Both godmothers were patrician, since only the patrician class could use the “von” before the last name.83 Perhaps, the father of Anna Graussi (Peter Graussi) was a vassal of one of the noble families represented at the baptismal. 84 At the time, many patricians owned vineyards in the area of Twann. 85 Ligerz was the hamlet adjacent to the west of Twann, where the common language was French at the time.86 No “Graupi“ is listed in the International Genealogical Index, but clearly it was spelled “Graussi.”87,88

Anna Graussi (1683-??) apparently lived through childbirth with her first child, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789), because she is listed at the christening of her son, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1781), on Jan.4, 171189; but I do not know about other children. She was probably dead by the time of her husband's death, prior to 1731, since she was not in her husband's will.

There is only one death of an Anna Graussi recorded in Twann, that of Anna Graussi who died on March 10, 1733.90 However, that Anna Graussi was noted as an “alt Meitleg” which denotes an unmarried woman without children,91 so she was probably not the Anna Graussi of this report. Also, there was a great dysentery epidemic in the early 1700’s, and many died without records of their deaths.

Another Anna Graussi was christened in Twann.92 She was the daughter of Gabriel Graupi and Barbara Feitknecht and was christened on Sept. 17, 1676. She was christened “Anna” (not “Anna Katharina”) Graussi. She probably would have been too old for the Anna Graussi (1683- ??) of this report and was probably the “single old woman,” Anna (not “Anna Katharina”)

77Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Dec. 1, 1993.78GI Mormon Church, listing as of March, 1992; in CC church library.79Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Dec. 1, 1993.80 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.81Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Dec. 1, 1993.82 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.83Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Dec. 1, 1993.84 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.85 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.86Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Dec. 1, 1993.87GI Mormon Church, listing as of March, 1992; in CC church library.88 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.89 Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Dec. 1, 1993.90Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Dec. 1, 1993.91Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Dec. 1, 1993.

30

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Graupi, who died on March 10, 173393 (although the latter date would have jived with a possible death date of the Anna Graussi of this report).

The Balli FamilyElsbeth Balli (ca 1633- ??) (m Feb. 20, 1654 Twann) 94

Peter Perro (Feb. 24, 1633 Twann, Bern- ??)Margaret Perro (1655 Twann, Bern- ??)Elsbeth Perro (May 14, 1660 Neuenstadt, Bern- ??)Peter Perro (1662 Neuenstat, Bern- ??)Anna Perro (Aug. 26, 1666 Taeuffelen, Bern- ??) (m Peter Graussi)

Anna Katharina Graussi (Aug. 1683- ??) (m Hans Jacob HUBLER)

Elsbeth Balli (ca 1633- ??) was born about 1633 in Switzerland and was, and his cousin was held responsible for any losses by Bern married to Peter Perro on Feb. 20, 1654 in Twann.95

31

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The New WorldPennsylvania

When the New World (a misnomer made by egocentric Europeans; called the "Other World" by Columbus, a more accurate term) was "discovered,” it was teeming with 15 million human inhabitants. According to the current historical teaching, the Native Americans were descended from a few small bands of Paleolithic people who migrated across the land bridge (Beringia) between modern Alaska and Siberia in 15,000 BC. Over millennia, the people moved south and southeast following the herbivorous herds of mammoth and bison and populated North America from Mexico to Maine. When the large animals had been hunted almost to extinction, man adapted to a more sedentary life of farming. Some archeologists believe that some Native American groups arrived via many immigrations by ship from Asia or Europe during prehistoric times, but no concrete, corroborative evidence has been found. Either way, Native Americans shared genes from their ancestors but developed distinct languages and cultures in their new homes in America. The ethno-linguistic group of Native Americans who populated the entire Eastern Seaboard and Midwest when the "white" Europeans arrived was the Iroquois and Algonquins.

In 1638, a group of Swedes (in cooperation with the New Sweden Company) arrived in the territory that became Pennsylvania, and they purchased land (very cheaply) from the owners, the Native Americans. The Swedes became the first white settlers in Pennsylvania in 1643 and built the first log cabins in America. These hearty northern European settlers and their descendants became the nucleus of later colonies in Pennsylvania. The Dutch defeated the Swedes in 1655, and their land was annexed by the colony of New Netherlands; but in 1664, the English defeated the Dutch, and New Netherlands became New York. Then the "Sylvania" territory became part of New England.

William Penn, a prominent Quaker, wanted to design a colony based on religious and civil freedom. In 1681, King Charles II of England granted Penn a charter for a vast territory of middle New England that made Penn the governor and proprietor of the land. Penn's father had been an English admiral and was owed 16,000 pounds by the Crown of England; and so King Charles granted the charter in the New World to Penn in lieu of the money owed.96

Penn gathered a few settlers and made his first trip to the colony in 1682. Penn made an extraordinary proposal to purchase all of the territory and the adjacent land from the Native Americans, and he made steps to become "friends" with the Native inhabitants. Penn had come to accept the belief of the Society of Friends (Quakers) that everyone had an "inner light" or Divine spark that guided their lives and planned to establish a "holy experiment" in his colony which would allow religious freedom under the democratic principals of the Quakers. It would have been counter-productive to begin his land of freedom by subjugating its natives and bilking the inhabitants. Penn established Philadelphia (which means "brotherly love") as the capital of Pennsylvania in 1682.

The Quakers were dissenters from the rigidity of the Church of England; but unlike the other major group of religious immigrants (the Puritans), their pacifism and democratic ways had subjected them to persecution in England. But while the Puritans shared ostracism from the Church of England, they had little in common with the Quakers. The Puritans had no tolerance to other splinter groups and demanded the strict following of religious law as interpreted by Puritan elders, while the Quakers were more likely to absorb other dissidents and beliefs and modify their own law. But both groups were anathema to the established Church of England.

To recoup his expenses and make his colony successful, Penn encouraged immigration of Europeans from England, Germany and Scandinavia. The colony became a Mecca and melting pot for diverse persecuted religious groups including the Quakers (England, Scotland, Ireland and Wales), Palatines (Rhine Valley), Anabaptists or Mennonites (Germany and Switzerland), Dunkards (Germany), Catholics (England), Moravians (Georgia) and more. As the colony became established, other groups seeking financial prosperity immigrated, including Scotch-Welch, Swiss and German (Pennsylvania Dutch) settlers. With thousands of work-ethic immigrants, a rich land, a diversity of ideals within a realm of freedom and tolerance and a peaceful coexistence with Native Americans, Pennsylvania prospered. (But Penn did not. Unable to collect feudal levies from the immigrants, Penn ended his life imprisoned for debt in England.)97

Thirteen Quaker families from Germany founded Germantown (a 5,700 acre tract located six miles northwest of Philadelphia) in 1683. The Germans were linen weavers and merchants and by 1689, it was a thriving community of forty-four families. The population grew more diverse, and

32

THE HUBLER HISTORY

within fifty years, Mennonites, Brethren (Dunkards and German Baptists), Lutherans, German Reformed and Quakers rubbed shoulders. Weaving, tanning, shoemaking, coopering and wagon making, papermaking and printing were some crafts practiced in Germantown.

The successors of Penn amplified the friendship with the Iroquois of Pennsylvania with an alliance which spared the whites of Philadelphia from attacks by the French and their Amerindian allies who terrorized settlers in the north from their strongholds in Canada; but by 1750, the shield splintered as white settlements encroached on Indian Territory when British traders and settlers filled western Pennsylvania searching for furs and land. The French built a series of forts from the Great Lakes south to the Ohio Rivers and pressured their Indian allies for action against the British colonists. The result was the French and Indian War of 1754-1763. After Britain won the war, western Pennsylvania became peaceful. When William Penn first visited his new charter, Pennsylvania, in 1682, he divided the territory into six counties, including one that encompassed much of southeastern Pennsylvania, Bucks County.

When Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) immigrated in 1737, he found in Philadelphia a major seaport, and in Pennsylvania a crucible of religious freedom and a colony of profitability bustling with thousands of immigrants divergent in origin, idealism and occupation. The crowded dirt streets of the main port of middle America must have been filled with a cacophony of sounds (as immigrants spoke German, English, Swedish and Dutch in various dialectics, animals squealed and wagons rattled) and a salmagundi of smells (as vendors sold foods and spices, dust filled the air and untreated sewage flowed in the streets). Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) joined the masses in the New World.

After a few years in Philadelphia (probably 3-5 years while he completed the indenture service for his passage to America), in about 1740, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) hit the trail north into the unsettled areas of Pennsylvania. He did not have to go far to leave behind the cacophonous city and venture into the wild woods inhabited mostly by Native Americans. Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) settled about 75 miles north of Philadelphia in northern Bucks County. There were few settlers there and no organized townships.

In 1752, Northampton County was formed, carved out of the northern section of Bucks County. The population of the area had steadily grown since Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) had settled there 13 years earlier (only four families lived in the area in 1740); and in 1754, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) and a few others petitioned Pennsylvania for the establishment of Plainfield Township.

Plainfield Township is rather flat land at the foot of Blue Mountain and is traversed by Bushkill Creek that arises near Wind Gap and flows southeastward to empty into the Delaware River near present day Easton. Blue Mountain separates present-day Northampton County and Monroe County; and the 1,500-foot mountain is pierced in four locations, one of which is called Wind Gap. This natural break in the awesome mountain mass is abrupt and deep to the level of the lower countryside, making the notch an excellent passageway. There is no stream through the gap; Bushkill Creek arises just south of Windy Gap and the Delaware River flows through Blue Mountain thirteen miles east. Bushkill creek was a good, dependable source of water; and several villages sprouted near it, and a road (the Minnisink Road between Nazareth, Cherry Hill and Wind Gap) arose beside it.

In 1780, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) built the Jacobsburg Inn (the first inn, pub and general store in the area) on the land he owned beside Bushkill Creek, and JACOB HUBLER (1710-1789) started the village of Jacobsburg. In 1820, the population of Jacobsburg was 1,262; in 1830 it was 1,402 and 1840 was 1,716. In 1845, there were eight dwellings, the inn and store, a gristmill and a furnace. Northampton County possessed some of the richest agricultural land in eastern Pennsylvania; and in 1845 was known for its pristine, productive farms and hard working, successful German settlers. Almost all the township's population was German, and the countryside was dotted with fine farmhouses, barns, orchards, churches and grist, saw and fueling mills. 98

Basically, the Native Americans of Pennsylvania lived peaceably with their white neighbors; and undoubtedly the feeling of mutuality began when Penn bought the land from the Natives (rather than take it) and encouraged close relationships. The French inflamed the Native Americans of Pennsylvania in the 1750’s, and there were several uprisings in the Plainfield Township area during the French and Indian War. The white residents fled from their homes to the more secure town of Nazareth.

33

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Early Pennsylvania was a melting pot of many religions groups who sought (and found) tolerance and freedom. Much of Northumberland County held peoples of German ancestry whose major church was the German Reformed or Lutheran. Moravian communities also developed near Nazareth and Bethlehem. These groups of pacifists emigrated from central Europe to found settlements in Georgia and migrated into Northampton County about 1740 and established schools and churches despite intrusions of Native Americans. Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was probably most comfortable immersed in Germanic cultures. Although he was Swiss, he wrote in Germanic script; and Twann, his home in Switzerland, was mostly of German ancestry. However, the marriage and christening records of Jacob and Barbara HUBLER have not been found, and it is possible that they did not have access to religious services early in their marriage; or since Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) left Twann in the throes of a religious controversy, it is also possible that he didn’t seek or feel comfortable with the available religions. Traveling missionaries ministered almost all ceremonies in rural Pennsylvania of the time.

Plainfield Township did not play an important role in the Revolutionary War. Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was too old for active duty; but he served in the local militia, and several of his sons were Revolutionary War soldiers. In 1779, a regiment of American soldiers billeted in Plainfield Township on they way through the area. Three soldiers in the company commanded by Col. Hubley were executed for murdering a resident of the town.

The sons and daughters of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) mostly stayed in Northampton County, although they developed their own spheres of influence in other townships.

34

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Northampton County, Pennsylvania99

Just like most of the colonial states, Pennsylvania is a mish-mash of counties whose existence and borders change as populations increase and shift. The kaleidoscope is an ever-evolving map of frustration to genealogists who search for tax and land records in the appropriate county courthouses. Philadelphia County was the landing site of HUBLER progenitor, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789); but he soon claimed a niche in northeast Pennsylvania, Bucks County. Then, he never moved, although his address did.

In 1752, Northampton County was formed from part of Bucks County, one of the original three counties of Pennsylvania as established by William Penn. It was named for Northampton, England. The county seat is Easton. The original inhabitants were the Lenni-Lenape Amerindians (a Delaware tribe of Native Americans) who had a peaceful relationship with the early European settlers because of William Penn. After he received the Pennsylvania grant from England, William Penn respected the Native Americans’ claim to tribal lands and purchased the rest of Pennsylvania from them. However, Penn’s heirs (his sons) were not as far-sighted or fair with the Native Americans. The peaceful relationship deteriorated when Penn's two sons orchestrated the notorious Walking Purchase. [According to Lenape history, the story of the "Walking Purchase" took place in 1737 (the year that Jacob HUBLER immigrated). To convince the Lenape to part with their land, the Penns falsely presented an old, incomplete draft of a deed as a legal contract. They told the Lenape that fifty years earlier their ancestors had signed the document which stated that the land to be deeded was as much as could be covered in a day-and-a-half's walk. Believing that their forefathers had made such an agreement, the Lenape leaders agreed to let the Penns have this area walked off. The Indians expected the whites to leisurely walk down an Indian path along the Delaware River. Instead, the Penns hired three fast runners and had a straight path for the “’walk” cleared. Only one of the “walkers” was able to complete the “walk,” but he went fifty-five miles! Thus, the Penns acquired 1,200 square miles of Lenape land in Pennsylvania (an area about the size of Rhode Island). The Lenape people cried fowl; nonetheless, the Lenape felt honor-bound and began their movement westward. That migration took 130 years, and they permanently settled in Indian Territory (now Oklahoma) after the Americans repeatedly broke their agreements to provide a home for the displaced natives. The rendition may be a little naïve and sympathetic to the Indian, but it is basically true, and it is another black mark for the Anglo American-Native American relationship.] As a result, tragic Ameri-Indian raids occurred in both Northampton and Lehigh counties and culminated in Sullivan's march from Easton to northeast Pennsylvania and New York State. The Indian threat was finally eliminated, and the settlement of the area accelerated. Moravians, the religious sect from Germany, were prominent among the early settlers of Northampton County. They founded Bethlehem [begun in 1741 and is known as the home of Moravian College (founded 1742) and Lehigh University (founded 1865)] and Nazareth [started in 1740] and maintained many missionary diaries describing their observations of the Lenni Lenape and the early settlers.

Only a few miles from the home of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789), Nazareth played a pivotal role in the settlement of the Jacobsburg area on Northampton Co. Nazareth, PA seems to be not only a neighbor (and the largest town of the area), but also an integral part and interlinking place of the HUBLER history. Nazareth was Moravian, not owned nor populated by a salmagundi of setters, as was most of the state. Because of its resemblance to enclaves around a baronial fiefdom in Midlevel Europe, the close-knit village of Nazareth became known as “The Barony.” The original tract of five thousand acres was part of the feudal estate owned by the family of William Penn. The tax on this land was one red rose, so it came to be known as “the Barony of the Rose.” An English evangelist, George Whitefield, purchased the Barony in 1740, and he planned to establish a school and hired a group of Moravians to organize the project. In 1740, the Moravians began construction, but because of financial problems, Whitfield had to sell his Nazareth property, and the Moravians purchased the entire parcel in 1741. Nazareth and the accompanying farming communities continued as a privately owned Moravian community until 1858.100 A census of Nazareth taken in 1753 counted 264 residents (not counting the 37 pupils at Nazareth Hall).101 One of the many HUBLER-Nazareth connections was through the Henry family. William Henry II, the son of pioneer gun maker Wm Henry I of Lancaster,102 opened a gun shop on Main Street in Nazareth 1782, and relocated his business to Jacobsburg on the Bushkill Creek in 1792, 103 just after the death of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) [see the following].

The region is known for coal, railroads, steel, slate, education and canals. The county became industrialized with the advent of the Lehigh Canal (1829) and the formation of the Saucona Iron Company

35

THE HUBLER HISTORY

(1857), which later transformed into the Bethlehem Steel Corporation (1904). In 1996, the population was over 257,000.

One of the original signers of the Declaration of Independence, George Taylor, was from Easton, PA. Generals Lafayette and George Washington were visitors in the county. Northampton County originally encompassed the areas now covered by Northampton, Monroe, Pike, and Wayne Counties (in northeast Pennsylvania). Northampton County is bounded on the northwest by the Blue Mountain, on the east by New Jersey (the Delaware River is the border), and the Lehigh River on the southwest. Easton is the county seat. The hilly terrain rises to Blue Mountain, along which runs the Appalachian National Scenic Trail. Bushkill Creek runs through Jacobsburg State Park.

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) purchased bits of land and added to his holdings at various times in the village of Jacobsburg. By the time Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) died, Jacobsburg measured about 430 acres and contained the thriving, profitable Jacobsburg Inn. After Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was buried at Jacobsburg and all of his children were grown and gone (most had their own families), there was little left for Barbara (Unknown) HUBLER, his widow, at Jacobsburg. She probably moved into the house of her son, Abraham HUBLER (1761-1838), in the nearby township of Lower Mount Bethel in Northampton County. The land at Jacobsburg and Jacobsburg Inn were left to his sons (who sold them soon after his death).

The eldest son, Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811), of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) married and moved to his own home in Plainfield Twp about 1771 and probably worked on his father's farm. He did not own land. Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) moved his family to Moore Twp about 1790 (soon after his father died). Moore Township was hillier and less fertile than his father's estate at Plainfield, but two fine, full creeks supported five mills there. Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) prospered in Moore Township. In 1790, Moore Twp. had 733 residents (no slaves).104

The grandson of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) via his eldest son, Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811), who was the progenitor of my HUBLER line was Abraham HUBLER (1779-??) who moved from his family home in Moore Township to settle (temporarily) in Hanover Township, Northampton County. The infamous “walking treaty” with Native Americans involves the land that became Hanover Twp.105 Although some inhabitants began to settle in the area as early as 1743, Hanover Twp. was not settled until long after most of the other townships in the county were colonized because 23,000 acres were not available for public settlement until June 25, 1795. 106 An agreement on that date allowed the land to be surveyed and divided for settlement. An acre of the land cost the settlers about $1.75 an acre. Hanover Township was well watered and had several paper mills and woolen mills along the Lehigh River that separated the township from Allentown. So, Abraham NUBLER (b 1779) was one of the first settlers of Hanover Twp., but he apparently was not a landowner. Hanover Twp. was part of Allen Twp. until 1798. The population of Hanover Township when Abraham HUBLER (1779-??) lived there about 1800 was less than 400. [In 1812, (after Abraham HUBLER had moved west), Lehigh County was formed from Northampton Co, and Hanover Township became part of Lehigh County.]

The Moravian community and its effect on the HUBLER family is discussed in an interspersed fashion throughout the text of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789), but an additional note is apropos. It is best to remember that the Moravians were indeed a community of like-minded and similar-acting people who formed a vast network of cooperation for their fellow Moravians. They deserved to be called “the Brethren” by their peers—a denotation of a commonality of deeds, as well as, philosophy. Their mutual help was legend. While non-parishioners suffered immigration hardships, including the final threat of selling themselves into indentured slavery (see following), Moravians immigrated from their Swiss or German homelands on Moravian owned vessels, were guided by fellow Moravians and were supplied at every stop by Moravian brothers who shared their shelters, as well as, food; and when they finally arrived in Pennsylvania, they were greeted by settlers with like ideas and goals and ushered to their final destination as friends (not indentured servants). All in all, their journeys were comfortable. 107 A basic part of their goal of spreading their beliefs was also to educate. While most religious orders of the day fought to separate piety from secular learning, the Moravians promulgated that mixture. As a result, many institutes of higher leaning benefited from the tenet, and other churches followed the Moravian lead. Even today, many universities have a church affiliation.

The impact of indentured workers on life in colonial America and 18th Century Europe is not emphasized in history class. An outstanding treatise could be written about indentured servitude.

36

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Few references give descriptions of the system in colonial America.108,109, 110, 111 One-half to two-thirds of all European immigrants to America in the 17th and 18th centuries were indentured. Many motivations (some good, some bad) can explain the action. Economic woes (the dismal outlook for employment in Europe because of crop failures in agrarian economies, the overpopulation of workers and the growing disparity between the rich and poor with the shrinking of the middle class) were the driving factors. Some emigrants left Europe because of religious persecution to find freedom of their beliefs; a few convicts escaped incarceration in European prisons to find freedom in America; sundry adults were shanghaied and children were kidnapped to become New World workers; but most immigrants just sought to better themselves economically. Colonial America needed workers and settlers. Most indentured workers went to the southern states where the farming economies were labor intensive (few African slaves were found in early 18th century America; and later, when black slaves filled the need for labor, the indenture servitude system disappeared). Europe was glad to get rid of malcontents, vagabonds, convicts, religious zealots and unemployed. So, both sides of the Atlantic Ocean benefited from indenture; however, the system was not easy on indentured workers.

A thriving industry of people collectors began called “spirits.” The groups would promise, cajole, lie, and kidnap—whatever was necessary to sell indentured workers to waiting rapacious ship captains or Pennsylvania farmers. German-speaking immigrants named them “menshcen Diebe” (robber men), and while they were domiciled in Holland, they employed agents who scoured the countryside of Weurtemberg and Switzerland to convince persons to emigrate. 112 Sometimes, these traders crafted secret deals with the captains to carry the immigrants to ports other than Philadelphia where they could get a higher head price; often, the conmen would convince the unwitting wayfarers to give them their funds, only to spend the money spent on themselves, and at times, the runners would offer to transport any personal letters back to the immigrants’ hometown, but they would surreptitiously destroy the correspondence to prevent word of their nefarious schemes from disrupting their future plots. 113 Swiss and German immigrants often found that after the trip down the Rhine to Rotterdam, they did not have the financial solvency to pay for the voyage abroad and had to arrange indenture, and what little remained was soon lost to unscrupulous robbers.

The trip to Rotterdam from Switzerland was not cheap or easy. The usual route was by boat down the Rhine River. The waterway was placid and became crowded as it snaked through Germany and became bloated with immigrants to the New World from Wuertemberg. It took 4-6 weeks with stops at least 36 German customhouses with tolls totaling more than 3 pounds. 114 Many, independent German city-states lined the Rhine River and claimed control of the waterway, and these lucky fiefdoms took advantage of their serendipity by building checkpoints with the sole purpose of extracting passage fees from hapless emigrants. It is loosely analogous to the speed traps along interstate freeways in modern America. Furthermore, Holland tired of Swiss and German emigrants who depleted the Dutch state resources for indigent support, appointed a single agent to control the situation. That monopoly was graft-ridden and extorted outlandish duties from poor emigrants and licensed agents to recruit groups of emigrants for indenture for a price.115 For the lucky, the delay in Rotterdam often was five or six weeks, a time span that often depleted any immigrant’s residual savings, 116 but for the unfortunate emigrant, he might have to work at menial jobs for years to earn enough money to pay his debts and provide supplies for his journey.

A deal was struck for passage to America. The ship’s captain, who occasionally owned wholly or partly his own vessel or was the broker for one or more investors who actually owned the ship, would accept the passage funds from the few immigrants who could afford passage, but more often, the captain would accept the immigrant for transport with the expectation that he would recoup his expenses and gain a profit by “selling” workers in America. Such people were called “indentured servants,” and those paying for the passage were called ‘redemptioners.” Written contracts with the captains were not penned—the final terms were to be made upon arrival in Philadelphia. The ship was readied, and the hold was packed with 400-600 poor immigrants. 117

The next stop was Cowes, England. With favorable winds, the transit took about eight days, but then the immigrants had to wait one to two weeks while supplies were loaded and paperwork was finalized. Often, any of the passengers’ residual funds were depleted during the stay.118 The ship captain took their remaining money for a partial payment of the passage.

Finally, they were off on the longest and most treacherous leg of their journey, the transatlantic voyage. Conditions were awful. Thirty-two percent would die. The food was often

37

THE HUBLER HISTORY

rancid, contaminated with worms and spiders, and black. The water was vile. Space was non-existent. Contagious disease decimated the wayfarers. The transit time was usually fifty days, and the landlubber immigrants cursed their conditions and cried to return home. 119

When the ship landed in Philadelphia, more hardship awaited most immigrants. A day after the ship’s arrival, all male immigrants over fifteen disembarked and were transported to the State house to swear an oath of allegiance to Great Britain. Those lucky few who were able to pay for their passage scampering for dry land, but most returned on the ship to make final financial arrangements for their passage. The next chapter in the their lives was also ugly and especially demeaning for free men, but the immigrants were willing to pay the price for a chance for a better life. They were free men, not slaves.

No one was allowed to disembark until the captain got his due. The ship was a floating prison and became an auction block. If the passenger survived the voyage, he was given two weeks to find a benefactor (sometimes family members or friends who had already immigrated) to pay the remaining bill. After 14 days, the ship’s captain would allow masters to board, “buy” the worker, and pay the passage. Prospective masters were drawn to the port by advertisements in the local newspapers. 120 Many American men who needed workers traveled to the port for as long as forty hours just to purchase workers. Usually, thousands of immigrants left Holland in the spring, and the harbor of Philadelphia was crowded with twenty to thirty ships filled with workers each fall. The potential masters boarded each ship and examined each immigrant. The prospective servants were cleaned up for the “show,” and then were lined up for review by the captain. Each was evaluated––physical, psychological, linguistic and familial status were all considered. The masters would feel muscles to gauge their strengths, converse to assess their intelligence and review groupings to calculate their family arrangements. The whole affair was like a cattle or horse auction. Then, each potential master would barter with each immigrant until an accord was reached. The term of indenture, the job, the familial status, the location and the contract completion reward were all considered. Bids were let. Deals were consummated. In the end, a deal was signed and sealed by written contract. Usually, the term of servitude was three to six years. At the successful completion of indenture, each man received a horse; each woman earned a cow and each child was dressed in new free man’s clothes; however, the reward varied and was often greater. Unfortunately, many contracts have been lost because there was no single, official repository. Sometimes, the contractual signors and terms were listed in local newspapers.

There were losers in the indenture barter. If a spouse died in transit, the surviving spouse had to pay his or her passage by indenture. If both died, their surviving children paid the price. Always, the captain got his fare—travel was business, not charity. Able-bodied adults often won favorable contacts, but minors served terms of ten to fifteen years (until they reached the age of majority), and children younger than five years could not be indentured and had to be “given” away. Parents often extended their children’s’ terms of indenture to allow them to be released free. Usually, parents were split from their children forever. The toll of transit affected the immigrants’ physical appeal, and if any sick servant candidate remained on board, their illness became a major impediment to obtaining a good contract.

Immigration was not cheap. The cost for the transatlantic voyage was 10 pounds (60 florins), while the fare for a child was half that. The total cost from Switzerland or Germany to Philadelphia was approximately 35 pounds (250+ florins) and took 4-5 months. 121

Europeans accepted indenture easily. For centuries, apprenticeship was a way of life. Young men would work for an artisan for a pre-determined time with the understanding that the apprentice would join the workforce when his learning period was completed. The apprentice maintained his freedom and social life and paid for his training by work. (In modern Europe and America, a modified apprenticeship system is still in place.) So, the idea of working for a specified period for the promise of future independence, prosperity and success was an accepted process. In the early 16th century, written contracts for indentured workers were not common, and the indentured became slaves with dependence of workers on the whims of masters in America. However, the warning to have written contracts spread rapidly among the probable pool of workers, so that by the middle of the 16th century, contracts were usual. The contracts are rarely found today, and the covenants varied, but the basic provisions are known. For a set number of years (usually 3-6) of work, the indentured would have their passage, room, board, clothing and medical attention provided by the master. At the end of the indenture period, the worker was free to seek his fortune.

38

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Sometimes, a completion reward (land, a horse, a cow, a gun or clothes) was outlined in the contract to give the worker a “jump-start.” Unlike apprentices, indentured servants had no social or personal freedom (i.e., they could not marry or become “involved,” or they would face a fine of 5 pounds for each year of unserved servitude) and could not leave prior to the completion of the indenture contract. The indenture contract was usually negotiated with the master upon the worker’s arrival in America, or prior to the voyage if an agent arranged for the passage and work. Needless to say, convicts, children, the kidnapped or the drunk did not pre-arrange contracts. For the desperately poor worker with little to lose, it seemed to be salvation, but it was not a cakewalk.

An account of a trip of an indentured servant from Rotterdam to Philadelphia in 1754 documents the harshness of the trip. It was no pleasure cruise. Four to six hundred “souls” [indentured servants] were packed on a ship laden with implements, provisions, water barrels, etc., so that each person was allotted a 2.5-foot space. The trip from Holland to England usually took two to four weeks (8 days if the wind was good). Unloading for custom inspections kept the ships at anchor in English waters for 8 to 14 days.

When the ships finally weighed anchor, the transatlantic voyage usually took 8 to 12 weeks. The poor passengers suffered from banal discomforts, such as, seasickness, thirst, fatigue, anxiety, stench and hunger and life-endangering aliments, such as, dysentery, boils, scurvy and infections. Their unappetizing food crawled with “red worms” and spiders, and their water was “black...and full of worms.” Hot meals were served only three times a week. Mortality rates were high. Young children (1 to 7 years old) rarely survived the passage. When the ship arrived in Philadelphia, the fate of the living indentured servants was decided. Usually, a person would sign on for passage with the ship’s captain with the understanding that the passenger would arrange for payment of his passage on arrival in America. The passenger would “pay” for the voyage by working for a proprietor in America, and the proprietor in cash or goods would pay the ship’s captain. Sometimes, the indentured would pay part of his passage to the ship’s captain upon setting sail in Holland or arrival in Philadelphia. Rarely would contracts be let before the voyage began. When the ship arrived in port in America, landowners bargained with each passenger about how much time they would serve to pay for the passage. The usual time was 3, 4, 5 or 6 years. Children aged 10 to 15 years served until 21. Families were fragmented as each contracted with different proprietors. Sometimes, families would “sell” their children, which would absolve the debt of passage. Until an agreement was reached, the indentured had to remain on board ship. When a spouse died at sea after half the voyage, the surviving spouse had to pay for the deceased’s passage. When an agreement was reached, a written agreement was penned.122

Almost no indentured servant ran away because the citizen who captured the runaway received a good monetary reward, and the punishment of the runaway was a stringent extension of the work contract—a week for a day away, a month for a week and six months for a month. Indentured men could successfully escape their indenture by joining the British military, a course of action frequently taken. When the indentured successfully completed his term, he or she might be given a new suit of clothes and a horse for a man or a cow for a woman. 123

Paternalism is the term used to describe the master-indentured servant relationship. Although the master and servant worked, ate and slept together, there was never any confusion about their socioeconomic roles. Slavery had an ownership relationship that was different from paternalism, and both systems were distinct from paid labor or apprenticeship. If the indentured servant survived the terrors of the transatlantic voyage and the trials of indentured labor, freedom waited; but so did early death. The mortality rate among the servants was greater than that of the general colonial American population (which was dismal to begin with). Most died before age 40.

Many men contracted to receive land (often 50 acres) at the successful completion of their indenture; however, often the land went unclaimed for years while the free settler worked for wages (often at the same farm at which he was indentured) and saved money to pay court fees to survey and register the land and to buy farm tools and seed. Whenever the landowner settled down, he became a productive member of colonial America.

Naming Practices in 18th Century Germanic Groups in Pennsylvania

At baptism, usually two names were given to the child—the first given name was a spiritual or saint's name, a practice that originally developed from Roman Catholic tradition and continued by

39

THE HUBLER HISTORY

the Protestants; and in the second given name was the secular name, which is the name the person was known by within the family and to this rest of the world. The spiritual name, usually to honor a favorite saint, was usually repeatedly, and often was given to all the children of that family of the same sex. Thus, boys would be Johan Adam Kerchner, Johan George Kerchner, etc., or Philip Peter Kerchner, Philip Jacob Kerchner, etc. Girls would be named Anna Barbara Kerchner, Anna Margaret Kerchner, etc., or Maria Elizabeth Kerchner, Maria Catherine Kerchner, etc. But after baptism, these people would not be known as John, Philip, Anna, or Maria, respectively. They would instead be known by what we now would think of as their middle name, which was their secular name. Thus, these people would be known respectively as Adam, George, Peter, Jacob, Barbara, Margaret, Elizabeth, and Catherine in legal and secular records. For males, the saint's name Johan or John was particularly heavily used by many German families. The child's secular name was really John, if and only if, at baptism he was named only John, usually Johannes, with no second given name.

The term "senior" and "Junior" following a name did not necessarily imply a father and son relationship as it does now. It could have been an uncle and nephew who had the same name and lived near each other. It could be a grandfather and a grandchild living together, where the father has died. It could even be two unrelated individuals with the same name but of different ages who lived near each other. So, to help friends and business associates keep track of who was who in their discussions and records, they added on the "Sr." or "Jr." which merely meant the older and the younger, respectively. The term “cousin” was widely used to mean an extended family, not the specific legal definition we understand it to be today. It was a common practice in some German families to name the first-born son after the child's paternal grandfather and the second born son after the maternal grandfather. The suffix "in" or "en,” added to the end of a name, such as Anna Maria Kerchnerin, denoted female, often an unmarried female. English translations of Germanic names added to the confusion, for example, Jacob = Jacob, James and Johannes = John, Hans, Jack.

Finding maternal surnames is difficult and offers a complex challenge for genealogists. The task in the HUBLER family is no different. The first of the two given names was usually the first name of the mother, and the second given name was usually the name of the godmother, who could be a friend of the parents or a relative of the child.

40

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789)

Jacob HUBLER (Dec. 1710 Twann, Canton Bern, Switzerland-May 7, 1789 Jacobsburg, Plainfield Twp, Northampton Co, PA)

Barbara ?? (ca 1720-1795 Lower Mt. Bethel Twp, Northampton Co, PA) (m ? May 7, 1740 in Buck County, PA124)125, 126, 127, 128, 129 (? May 7, 1740 Buck Co, PA) 130

Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (Oct. 2, 1742131 PA-1811 PA132, 133) (m Catherine ??)134

Frederick HUBLER (1745 PA- > 1791) (m Mary > 1781) (see the following summary)Christina HUBLER (Jun. 14, 1747 PA-Apr. 11, 1813 Lower Mt. Bethel Twp, Northampton

Co, PA) [m Michael Glass (1736-1808) in 1766] (see following summary)Anna Maria Glass (1768-1843) (m Peter Breidinge then Philip Diely)Maria Barbara Glass (1771-??) (m Michael Schwartz)Regina Glass (1773-??) (m Samuel Jones)Mary Magdalena Glass (1774-??) (m James Jones)Elizabeth Glass (1776-??) (m Michael Diehl)Maria Christina Glass (1777-< 1781)Maria Catharina Glass (1778-1875) (m Adam Meyers)Christina Glass (1781-??) (m Leonard Kesler)Maria Margaret Glass (1782-1887) (m John Frey)Lewis Glass (ca 1783-??) (m Elisabeth Sievely)Rosina Glass (1785-??) (m ? Stocker)Eva Glass (1788-??) (m Frederick Diehl)Michael Glass (1789-1790)

Gottlieb HUBLER (1748 PA- ??) (see the following summary)Rosanna HUBLER (1749 PA-Sept. 6, 1828) (m Christian Hellman)

(see following summary)Johannes Hellman (1776-??)Anna Marie Hellman (1779-??)Rachel Hellman (1786-1875) (m Nicholas Miltenberger)Abraham Hellman (1788-1839) (m Catherine Driesbach)

Abraham HUBLER (Feb. 20, 1761 PA-Dec. 23, 1838 PA) (m Susanna ? Mills)135 (see following summary)

Elizabeth HUBLER (Feb. 16, 1798 136- ??) (c May 13, 1798 at Luth and Ref Ch, Upper Mt. Bethel Twp, Northampton Co, PA—the church began baptismal records in 1774)137 (sponsored by Conrad Hess and Hannah Mills, single) (m Jacob Becker and had at least 2 daughters)

Catherine HUBLER (July 26, 1800138- ??) (c Apr. 26, 1801 at Luth and Ref Ch, Upper Mt. Bethel Twp, Northampton Co, PA—the church began keeping baptismal records in 1774139) (sponsors were John Mills and Catharine) (m Joseph Beyl Scheimer in 1818)140 (at age 16 confirmed on April 12, 1816 at Luth & Ref Church, Upper Mt. Bethel Twp)

Isaac HUBLER (1764-Aug 16, 1794) (see the following summary)John HUBLER (? 1765141- ??) (see the following summary)

Biography

(Hans) Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was probably born in December 1710 in Twann. He was christened in Twann on Jan. 4, 1711.142 His parents, Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-ca 1731) and Anna Graussi/Graupi (1683- < 1737) were apparently present. His godfathers were Hans Jakob Engel and Emanuel Teutsch, and his godmother was Elsbeth Perro. When a child was christened in 18th century Switzerland, he was given the same given name as the godfather (or she was named after the godmother), since it was believed that the godparents would live on in the christened child. In 1709, there was no HUBLER child christened in Twann; in 1710, there was one—a girl (Anna Katherine HUBLER who was born on Oct. 7, 1710 and who was the daughter of Johannes HUBLER and Anna Margreth SPITTLER); and in 1711, there were three HUBLERs christened—Hans Jacob HUBLER (c Jan. 4, the Jacob HUBLER of this report), a Margareth HUBLER and a Peter HUBLER

41

THE HUBLER HISTORY

[son of Peter HUBLER, the older brother of Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) and thus the 1st cousin of the Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789)] were christened.143 It is also interesting (and expected in a small village) that the Perro family had a long relationship (including many marriages) with the HUBLER families in Twann,144 and so Elsbeth Perro was probably a relative. [There was an Elsbeth Perro (c 1666) who was the daughter of Peter Perro and Katherine HUBLER (c 1638), the daughter of Benedict HUBLER and Kuengold Perro, which would make her a cousin of the infant, (Hans) Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789), and his father, Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731).]

Since christenings were usually held three weeks after a birth in 18th century Switzerland,145 (Hans) Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was probably born in the middle of December 1710, which would be compatible with the known marriage data and the nine month gestation period after his parents were married in March 1710.

In Germany and Germanic Switzerland, most 18th century males were given two first or Christian names and went by their second name (in church records a full name with two first names and one surname was customary). Christianity brought saints' names to the Germanic lands. Many parents gave their children a saint's name, while some pagan names were used until the Counter-Reformation in the Sixteenth century. About that time, Lutherans began to use only names of saints that were found in the Bible or Old Testament. Beginning in the 16th century, the parents sometimes added a secular name to the Christian name, giving the child two first names (vornamem).146 (Hans) Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was listed on his ship immigration list as "Jacob HUBLER" and "Johan Jacob (i.e., Johannes=Hans) HUBLER,” chose "Jacob" as his given name as an adult in America and named his eldest son Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811).

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) possibly grew up in Twann (a village, mostly of wine growers) in Canton Bern, Switzerland on the shores of Lac du Bienne. Twann is about 6 miles west of Biel. Twann in 2001 is known for producing a wine and as a watch-making center. [The soil of the Twann vineyards has very high lime content (up to 60%), and lime affects the flavor of the wine. In addition, sunlight reflects off the surface of the lake nearby and gives the area a warmer ambient air temperature and a double-dose of solar growth-ingredients. Currently, almost the vineyards are farmed by 22 families who cultivate the crops, harvest the grapes, bottle the wine and sell their product. No cooperative or large wine cellar operates in Twann. The inclination of the slopes varies between 30 and 70 degrees, which mitigates against the use of farm machinery, so the small farms are mostly farmed and harvested by hand. Pinot Noir is probably the most popular product of Twann vineyards, but others, including Chardonnay, Gewuerztraminer, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, Sauvignon Blanc, Gamaret, and Syrah, are well-received products.]147 The details of the childhood of (Hans) Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) will likely never be fully known. He was probably an only child, and I suspect that his mother died when he was young. The father of (Hans) Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) probably was moderately wealthy, but his occupation (maybe a shoemaker148 or mercenary) and his parental relationship are not known. Because of poverty and famine, many young people left Twann and migrated to America in the 18th century. 149 In addition, religious unrest may have forced (Hans) Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) to emigrate.

Religious discordance affected young Jacob HUBLER (1710-178). In a letter to the Twann authorities in 1773 in a futile effort to obtain his inheritance, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) stated, “I always kept to my religion, although 30 years ago [in 1743?] a member of the reformed religion [church] maliciously wanted to exact a certain sum of money from me. A religious group of people who was despised by the ruling religion in my fatherland and who was persecuted strongly in the beginning placed the requested money at my disposal.”150 It could be that Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was an Anabaptist or Moravian and was forced to leave Twann.151 (At that time in Switzerland, Reformed Lutheranism was the officially accepted religion, while Anabaptists were ostracized.) That might explain why (1) the estate of Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) would not be released by the government of Twann for the recondite reason that the Swiss government did not know “which religion his children” would have; (2) the issue would finally be resolved by Marc Voulaire of Monmirail, a Moravian stronghold in Switzerland; or (3) church records for Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) in Pennsylvania have not been found. Swiss authorities would not release the estate of Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) to his son, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789), probably because of religious and political reasons. Finally, when Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) received his grandfather’s estate, he had to sign a document relinquishing all claims to Swiss property and civil rights for himself and his heirs. The State Archives of Switzerland (Staatsarchiv) in Zurich and

42

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Bern hold records of Anabaptists’ (Taufer) emigration and land confiscation, but I have not been able to access those, yet. If the emigrant ever returned, he was supposed to get his property back. That latter fact could explain the Swiss reticence to release the estate and supports the postulate that a religious row affected the life of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789).

The possible interaction of the HUBLER family with the Moravian Brethren warrants special attention. While there is no evidence that Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was a Moravian,152 the spatial and temporal relationship is intriguing. The Moravian Church, more properly known as the Unity of Brethren, was organized in 1457 in Kunewalde, Moravia153 by followers of the martyr John Hus. Hus, a Roman Catholic priest and professor at the University of Prague, taught that the Gospel should be available in the common language rather than in Latin. He held services in Czech at the Bethlehem Chapel in Prague. He also preached that the communion bread and wine should be freely available to all believers, and he objected to the abusive practices of the Roman Catholic Church of the Fifteenth Century. He was burned at the stake as a heretic at the Council of Constance in 1415. His followers arose in arms, and the subsequent Hussite wars marked the first organized large-scale opposition to the domination of the Papacy. During the late Fifteenth Century, the membership of the Unity in Moravia and Bohemia totaled close to a quarter million.154

As the Lutheran Reformation swept through northern Europe in the early Sixteenth Century, military confrontations decimated the Unity, which was caught in the middle between Catholic and Protestant forces. In 1620, the militant Moravians were defeated at White Mountain (Prague), and by the end of the Thirty Years' War in 1648, only a small number of Moravians survived. In the agreement that ended the war, known as the Peace of Westphalia, each nation assumed the faith of their rulers, and thus Bohemia became a Catholic nation. Bohemian Protestants had to convert to Catholicism, flee the country, or face execution. A small band of Moravians led by Bishop John Amos Comenius fled to Poland, where they established a flourishing community. Others outwardly professed Catholicism and went underground.155

Nicholas Ludwig, Count Zinzendorf, was born in Dresden in 1700. A lawyer and an ordained Lutheran minister, he was very much a part of the Pietist movement in Germany, which emphasized personal piety and an emotional component to the religious life. This was in contrast to the state Lutheran Church of the day, which had grown to symbolize a largely intellectual faith centered on belief in specific doctrines. He believed in "heart religion,” a personal salvation built on the individual's spiritual relationship with Christ. In 1722, Zinzendorf was approached by a group of Moravians to request permission to live on his lands in Germany. He granted their request, and a small band crossed the border from Moravia and settled in a town they called Herrnhut, or "the Lord's Watch." Largely due to Zinzendorf’s leadership, the group came to formulate a unique document, known as the "Brotherly Agreement," which set forth basic tenets of Christian behavior. Residents of Herrnhut were required to sign a pledge to abide by these Biblical principals. There followed an intense and powerful experience of renewal, often described as the "Moravian Pentecost." During a communion service at Berthelsdorf, the entire congregation felt a powerful presence of the Holy Spirit, and felt their previous differences swept away. That date, August 13, 1727, is regarded as the date of the "renewal" of the Moravian Church. Led by Zinzendorf, this dedicated band began the first Protestant world missionary work with missions to the slaves in the Caribbean and the Indian tribes of North America. Within a few years, Moravian mission stations had been established nearly around the world. Zinzendorf visited the American Moravian missions several times. He died at Herrnhut in 1760.156 The moniker, “Moravian” Church, was commonly used in the 1730’s, and it became “official” when the British government in the 1750’s recognized it.

George Whitefield, a friend of John and Charles Wesley (Zinzendorf became their friend in Germany, and later Wesley founded the Methodist Church), brought a few members of the Brethren to a settlement at Nazareth, Pennsylvania to help build a school for Negro children that he hoped to bring from South Carolina. (Zinzendorf had befriended an ex-slave from the Caribbean; and touched by the plight of slaves, he sent Moravian missionaries to St. Thomas and subsequently to South Carolina in 1734.)157 However, a doctrinal dispute led Whitefield to discharge the Moravians. They were offered 500 acres along the Lehigh River, nine miles to the south. Count Zinzendorf visited the new settlement in 1741 on Christmas Eve and gave it the name "Bethlehem".158 [Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) might have been there (or even went to that part of PA to see the Count from near his Swiss childhood home) since he bought land and settled nearby about the at time.]

43

THE HUBLER HISTORY

In 1722, in Herrnhut (near Dresden, Germany), the "Brudergemeine der Herrnhuter" (brotherhood of the Herrnhuters), under Ludwig von Zinzensdorf, began to spread the word of their beliefs in Germany and neighboring Switzerland, and one of the centers of the sect was situated in Montmiral, Switzerland. At the time, the government of Bern tolerated only the state religion, evangelic reformed.159 [In modern Twann, the citizens are not “Lutheran,” but are either “Zwinglian” or “Calvinian” (Zwingli was a reformer in Zurich and Calvin was in Geneva). 160] All followers of other religions were expelled. Monmirail is only 7 miles west of Twann, and it is possible that Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) of Switzerland; his son, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1781), or both were members or suspected members of that sect.

Besides the three great churches—Lutheran, Reformed, and Anglican—formed during the Reformation, a number of small sects also arose. One of the most prominent of the smaller sects, the Anabaptists, found many adherents throughout Europe, particularly in Germany, where they played an important part in the Peasants' War. Anabaptists were persecuted by Catholics, Lutherans, Zwinglians and other Protestants, and many of them were put to death. The Anabaptist reform began in Zurich, Switzerland in 1524 and spread to the Netherlands where its members were called “Mennonites.” 161 It spread into Germany a few years later and was carried to Germantown, Pennsylvania in 1683. 162 A decade later, the Amish Mennonites formed a much more conservative sect and settled in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania.163

Despite the diversity of revolutionary forces in the 16th century, the Reformation produced consistent results throughout Western Europe. In general, the power and wealth that was lost by the feudal nobility and the Roman Catholic hierarchy passed to the middle classes and to monarchical rulers. The Protestant emphasis on personal judgment furthered the development of democratic governments based on the collective choice of individual voters. The destruction of the medieval system of authority removed traditional religious restrictions on trade and banking, and opened the way for the growth of modern capitalism. Religion became less the province of a highly privileged clergy and more a direct expression of the beliefs of the people. Religious intolerance, however, raged unabated, and all the sects continued to persecute one another for at least a century.

In 15th and 16th century, Europe militancy among differing religious groups often eventuated in warfare; however, in America, the religious realm was more peaceful than the turmoil in Europe. The Lutheran Church began in Europe in 1517, and services began in America in 1619 by Swedish immigrants at Hudson Bay. The Lutheran Synod was organized in Pennsylvania in 1748. [Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) immigrated in 1737 and had his first child in 1742, so that was prior to the organization of the official American Lutheran Church, but the immigrants brought the Lutheran Church with them and undoubtedly worshipped together, but I am unsure about the registration of baptisms and marriages. According to "The German and Swiss Settlements of Colonial Pennsylvania" written in 1914, most of the Germans immigrants in Colonial Pennsylvania were Lutheran and Reformed—the Lutherans mostly were from Switzerland and the Palatinate, and the Reformed from Weurtenburg. Their numbers were about equal, and harmony ruled. Both denominations were poor, and since neither sect could afford to build separate churches, they often founded unified (Union) churches in which they worshipped on alternate Sundays, frequently with the same minister. So, baptisms, funerals, marriages were shared with loose lines of demarcation. In 18th Century America, Lutheranism was closely allied with the Church of England, while Reformed group was lined up with Presbyterians. Some "union" churches were common, and sometimes Lutherans, Reformed, Mennonites and Dunkards shared a church.

For example, one of the earliest Lutheran congregations in 18th century Pennsylvania was the Tohickon Lutheran Church in Bucks Co, about 30 miles north of Philadelphia. In 1743, Peter Gruber, a German settler, and his neighbors formed a congregation known in that time as St. Peter's Union Church and met in Gruber's home or barn for worship services. Pastor Henry Melchior Muhlenberg (who immigrated from Germany to Trappe, PA in 1742 and founded the first Lutheran synod in North America in 1748) noted that "regular ministers" began visiting the congregation sometime between 1743 and 1744 at Birkensee (a German pronunciation of the English word, Perkasie, part of Wm. Penn’s original land grant). The “union” congregation was called Tohickon Lutheran Church after the nearby Tohickon Creek. The first church building (probably a log cabin) was built in 1753, and the permanent clergy, Pastor Henry Rapp, dedicated a stone building in 766. The congregation still exists as the Peace-Tohickon Lutheran Church.164

44

THE HUBLER HISTORY

In general, the Evangelical German people who were Lutherans and Reformed were liberal in their beliefs, wore no special clothing, fought in wars, paid taxes, etc. The Mennonites, Dunkards, Amish, and Moravians were classed as the "plain people” who didn't fight in wars (although the Moravians paid taxes to fight wars), and they all had special dress, etc.

Despite all of the above-cited circumstantial evidence, there is no record of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) belonging to the Moravian or Anabaptist Church in America,165 even thought the church was established in Nazareth, Pennsylvania, only a few miles from his home, about the same time (1740). Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) apparently left Twann “under the cover of night,” so no farewell papers have been found. 166

It is interesting to speculate (with possible explanations in brackets) why the father of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789), Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731), did not pay his son’s religious “debt”—(1) Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) could have been dead, and the Swiss government refused to release the estate because of the religious disparity. [Probably this was true, and the same “stonewalling” was evident almost fifty years later.]; (2) his father, Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731), was alive but refused to help, possibly because of the religious improprieties. [The scenario is possible, but unlikely since he left his entire estate to his son, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1781), when he died and did not help pay for his only son’s passage to America in 1737.]; (3) his father, Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731), could not afford to pay for his release. [This explanation is unlikely since his estate was a sizable 300 crowns in 1741.], or (4) the money that was in his father’s estate or in the possession his father, Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731), was illiquid, and Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) wanted to help, but could not. [This explanation is implausible since his estate was invested by his cousin, Hans Jakob Bernet, including some “loans,” and so it was partly cash.]. Finally, logic points to the death of Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) by 1737, and the expulsion of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1781) for religious reasons without the moneys left by Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) in his will. I suspect that his father had died and that Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was an Anabaptist and therefore reviled by the religious authorities in Twann, and that subsequently, they refused to release any of his inheritance (perhaps his father was Anabaptist also) and levied a fine against him. He was given money by the Anabaptists specifically to pay his fine, which he did and immediately fled the country before more impediments could be interposed.

After an apprenticeship in shoemaking [there were 10-20 cobblers in Twann at that time (with a population of 800), and most of them kept busy with patchwork],167 Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) went to Holland as a journeyman shoemaker. At that time, most Swiss who emigrated from their homeland went northwest on the Rhine River to the port city of Rotterdam, Holland where they sailed on ships to the New World. It is probable that Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) did not stay in Rotterdam long and may have gone there for the purpose of traveling to Pennsylvania. (To earn enough money to pay for passage to America, a person might have to work five-seven years in a low-skilled position.)

In 1737, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) immigrated with 224 other shipmates on the English ship, Virtuous Grace, John Bull, Master, from Rotterdam, via Cowes,168 and landed in Philadelphia, PA on Sept. 24, 1737. (One source names the ship as the Virginus Grace, probably a Latin rendition.)169 His name is listed as Jacob HUBLER, Johan Jacob HUBLER and Jacob Howbelare (on the ship's manifest).170, 171, 172, 173,174, 175 Since he signed his name "Jacob HUBLER" (in German script) on the oath of allegiance to the government 176 [he signed the oath of allegiance on the same day as his arrival (Sept. 24, 1737)], he could write (many immigrants of the time signed with "X", but most on his ship signed their names). He was single.177 (One source178 records “Hans Jacob HUBLER” as emigrating from Switzerland to Philadelphia in 1739, but although this man was probably Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789), the immigration year was actually 1737, instead of 1739.)

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was poor. In a letter in 1773 to the authorities in Twann in an effort to obtain the release of his father’s estate, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) stated that he had to put himself in service with an American citizen who had paid for his voyage in order to repay his debts.179 In short, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was an indentured servant. If a person of his own free will wanted passage to America and could (or wanted not) to pay it, he would negotiate with his “benefactor” on the number of years of servitude and the terms, and then they both would sign a contract. When an immigrant was indentured, he was called a “redemptioner.”180 Often, the immigrant would arrange with the captain to be “sold” upon his arrival in America. That arrangement made the ship captains extra money for each transatlantic voyage, and the name of the

45

THE HUBLER HISTORY

American “benefactor” may not be known by the redemptioner at that time or recorded in American courts. I have not found information or copies of indenture contracts for Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789). Neither the Pennsylvania State Archives in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania nor the State Court in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania has copies of indenture contracts for the time he immigrated.181 In 1737 when Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) immigrated, the population of Philadelphia was approximately 8,000, and 621 indentured servants immigrated that year—116 from Germany and Switzerland on three ships.182

I do not know what Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) did for several years after his arrival in Pennsylvania in 1737. Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) probably was residing with and working for his American sponsor. Perhaps, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) is listed only in the household of his benefactor, maybe married Barbara ?? in Philadelphia and maybe even had his first son there in 1742.

Strangely, no church records have been found for any event in the life of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) or his wife, Barbara, have been found (all descendent and ownership data that is known was found in wills or legal documents). Perhaps, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) did not participate in the usual religious institutions (foreshadowed by his forced emigration from Twann—see the preceding), or the records have not been found. Some rural pioneers did not have access to ordained ministers or organized religious groups; and so births, marriages, etc. were not always recorded, and in many instances, religious events were performed by traveling clergy who would record the act in their home church, which may have been far distant from the area of occurrence. [Indentured workers were usually forbidden to marry or were heavily fined (5 pounds/year of remaining time to serve), if they did by the terms of their indenture contract or by the custom, so it is possible that Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) and Barbara never officially married (about 1741) because of his contract; however, his contract term probably expired in 1740.] Most of the early settlers of Northampton Co were Lutheran, Reformed, Moravian Germanic, and Swiss immigrants, and the Williams Township Congregation and the Nazareth Moravian Congregation began keeping records in 1733 and 1743, respectively.183 No events for Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) are documented there. 184 Many others took their infants to the more established churches in Tohicken in Buck Co or Goshenhoppen in Montgomery Co. 185 The children of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) used official churches in Northampton Co. 186,187

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) settled in Bucks County (an original Pennsylvania county) in about 1740.188 [The author who published his book in 1852 states that he “yet remembers the Small log Dwelling house he (Jacob HUBLER) put up there in 1740.]189 There was no township where Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) built his log cabin “at a Spring on the Minnisink River.”190 Only a few "white" men lived there. The first settlers of that area were Jacob HUBLER, George and Frantz CLEWELL, Leopold OBITZ and Jacob ENGLES.191 Although the Native American was always a threat (most had withdrawn to northern and western Pennsylvania in front of the increasing herd of white settlers from Europe), the greatest danger was the brutality of the land itself. Occasionally Amerindians would raid settlers’ homes and massacre pioneers, but such raids were sporadic, disorganized and individual events, and while they kept the settlers vigilant, they did not deter settlement. There have been many documented incidents of such massacre recorded in PA (including some HUBLERs in other areas). However, during the French and Indian War (1754-1763), organized Indian war parties with the encouragement of the French became a viable, constant danger, and had the goal of the annihilation of all Anglo interlopers into what the French considered as their land in the New World. Then the settlers of the area developed plans for self-defense. Originally called the “stone house,” the Whitefield House in Nazareth was completed in 1743, when Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789), his wife (Barbara) and newborn son (Jacob, Jr.) lived in a log cabin in Jacobsburg (before there was a village there). That was when thirty-three newly married couples moved in and began the Moravian community of Nazareth. During 1755 and 1756, the building sheltered refugees fleeing the threat of Indian attack. Provincial authorities recognized the importance of defending the rural settlements against marauders as a ring of security around the capital, Philadelphia. Thus, Provincial forces were dispersed to key locations. In 1756, Captain Isaac Wayne (the father of famous Revolutionary War General Anthony Wayne) and 48 fighting men arrived in Nazareth to defend Nazareth and Bethlehem as vital outposts of defense for Philadelphia during the French and Indian War.192, 193 Each day one half the force would patrol the adjoining county, while the remainder guarded the home base. Sentry boxes were scattered

46

THE HUBLER HISTORY

throughout the town and were constantly manned. 194 The home base is sometimes referred to as the Wayne house. It was built in 1745 and is the only surviving structure in old Nazareth. The protection was designed for the Moravian communities, as well as, all the settlers, and it must have been comforting to the fledgling HUBLERs at nearby Jacobsburg to have such a potent force close by.

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) obtained his first land warrant in Bucks Co in 1743 [later, his home was in Northampton Co which was formed from part of Bucks Co in 1752, and in 1754 Plainsfield Twp was formed which became Bushkill Twp in 1813)]. His first land was surveyed on April 4, 1743 and measured 100 acres on “Lehigh Creek” Township (patentee: Benjamin Meyer).195 During the next decade, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) added more warrants [25 acres on May 17, 1745, 196 25 acres on Oct. 23, 1746 (“Upper Milford” Twp; patentee; Benjamin Meyer), 197 200 acres (4 separate warrants) on March 7, 1749 (no Twp listed; patentee: William Henry, John & Walter Miller and Jacob HUBLER),198 50 acres on March 12, 1750199 and more with the last on March 7, 1753200]. He called his land “Jacobsburg.” Not long before he died in 1789, Jacobsburg was resurveyed and was found to contain 432 ½ acres.201 [Land warrants in pre-revolutionary war times should be clarified. Pennsylvania was a state-land state; so all land was controlled and dispersed by the state government, as opposed to the federal land state controlled by the federal government. Most of the state land states were the original 13 states and a few more; while the federal land-states were the ones in the west and mid-west settled by homesteaders. Whenever the land was distributed by the government at any level it was in the form of a grant. Title to that land was in the form of a patent. In Pennsylvania, most of the original land was bought by Penn from Native Americans or granted by the British crown. Subsequently, to lure or encourage settlement of the state of Pennsylvania, large and small tracts were sold or awarded to settlers. Most of the state was a vast wilderness, which was sparsely inhabited, mostly by Native Americans who had not cleared the land for planting but instead lived off the natural resources (plants and animals) of the land. Individuals or land speculators purchased parcels of land, or acres were granted by the state. Each parcel had to be surveyed and each buyer had to be 21 years old. Women rarely purchased land in the patriarchal society. When an indentured worker completed his contract, often he received a small land warrant, monetary reward or both. Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) probably used his reward for completing his indenture contract to obtain land, since he was penniless when he immigrated.

The farm of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) became the omphalos and namesake of the current Jacobsburg State Park of Pennsylvania that is located in Bushkill Twp, Northampton Co. [Bushkill Twp was formed from the western part of Plainfield Twp in 1813 (long after Jacob HUBLER (1710—1789) had died and his widow, Barbara, had moved to Moore Twp in 1789). The southeastern quarter of Bushkill Twp contains more than 2,000 acres, which is Jacobsburg State Park. Upper Nazareth Twp borders Jacobsburg on the south.]202 In 1754, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was the first of eleven landowners to sign a petition for the formation of Plainfield Twp, and it was finally incorporated in 1762 in the northeast part of Northampton Co. In 1763, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) finally took the oath of naturalization.203

As early as 1739, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) wrote to a friend in Twann and tried to withdraw his inheritance from his father's estate in Twann, Switzerland; (so his father might have died before 1739 and possibly before his departure from Twann in about 1737); 204 but international technicalities interfered. Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) worked through a proxy (Jacob Schaffner of the village of Lausen, Canton of Basel, Switzerland, then an innkeeper in Lebanon, Lancaster Co, Pennsylvania); but the government of Switzerland refused to release the estate because some of his children were minors and [the Swiss government] did not know to what religion they belonged. 205 [At that time, Switzerland recognized only the official state religion; so maybe there was a problem with denomination of Lutheranism, or perhaps the Swiss just wanted to discourage the flight of capital.]

He tried again in 1763, but with the same result.206 The negative answer to his appeal in 1763 was penned by his friend, Jacob Engle, a notary in the Clerk of the Court’s office (Gerichtschreiber) in Twann addressed to HUBLER via “Christoff Sauer, bookseller in Germantown in Pennsylvania” and hand-carried by Schaffner. 207 Trying to assure Switzerland that there would be no financial consequence to releasing his inheritance, in 1773, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) wrote to Twann. He said that he was proud to have arrived from Twann as a poor cobbler and become quite wealthy in America, and that he could leave each of his children a “considerable” estate.208 His attempt to

47

THE HUBLER HISTORY

withdraw his inheritance in 1773 failed, and it was futile again in 1782. One fear in Switzerland was that he would return to Twann with his family, and they all would becomes wards of the state; however, certainly, there were religious concerns, not just financial alarm, which influenced Twann. Even when the estate was finally settled after Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) had died, the authorities in Twann resisted the release of the money, but were overridden by Bern who decided that the claim had legal justification (and perhaps wanted the 10% Swiss fine). Since Napoleon’s armies burned all official records of Bern in 1798, the full story may never be known.

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was obviously miffed and mystified by Twann’s intransigence about the release of the inheritance. In his letter to the authorities in Twann in 1773, he related a poignant and pertinent story to the Swiss. According to Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789), “Last summer an Indian boy aged six or seven injured a boy on his eye on my plantation carelessly throwing a stone. The Indian father would have paid the damage out of a sense of duty and not because of legal sanction. Our authority here [in America] finds the behavior of the authority of Twann more than peculiar. On the one hand there is a legal will [and] on the other hand this authority doesn’t accept my rights.”209 The individual, humanistic view and logic of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) echoes through 250 years by one simple letter, and also, the presence and role of peaceful Native Americans of the area is demonstrated.

In 1782, the situation was unchanged, and he never received the money; so, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) willed all of his property and money in America to his sons and son in laws, but to his eldest son, Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811), he willed his inheritance in Switzerland. [The estate of Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1731) in Switzerland of was valued at 400 crowns (the estate was managed by his cousin, Hans Jakob Bernet, who had loaned some of the money and who was made financially responsible for his actions by the authorities in Bern),210 and his grandson, Jacob HUBLER, Jr., finally recovered it. (1742-1811), in 1793 (after writing the authorities in Twann on Oct. 1, 1792 and requesting an official release for himself and all of his children from the native and civic rights of Twann and Bern with the help of John Hesse, Esq., a notary public in Bethlehem, PA)211 with the help of Marc Voulaire, a Swiss teacher of the village of Montmirail, the Canton of Neuchatelin (Neuchatel), and Pastor Gros from the nearby Swiss village of Diesse. Jacob HUBLER's (1710-1789) name on the final papers was "Johann Jakob HUBLER.”]212,213,214

When Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) settled in Bucks Co in the early 1740s, there were few settlers there. A summary written in 1851 recalls that there were only three other families in Plainfield in 1740 (George and Frantz Clewell, Leopold Obitz and Jacob Engles) when Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) built a small log dwelling in 1740 at a spring near the Minnisink Road between Nazareth, Cherry Hill and Wind Gap. Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was poor when he arrived; but within a few years, he had raised some grain and carted it to the mills near Philadelphia where he could get a good price.215

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was frugal and was probably influenced by his impoverished beginning in America. He constructed a harness for his cart out of hickory witches and proudly related that he made the trip to Philadelphia and back without spending a "copper" in the taverns and stopped to feed his horses only once during the whole trip. Philadelphia was about 65 miles south of Jacobsburg, and the round trip took several days. [Many years later when roads were better (although still dirt), a traveler recorded that the transit one way took 15 hours (despite a fleet stage pulled by four steeds and despite frequent stops for refreshments at inns along the way).] 216 Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) apparently continued this practice of transport even later when he was an established merchant. To save money, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) ordered that he be buried in an unmarked grave in a field on his farm.217

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was a moral man. Much about his morality is expressed in his letters to Twann, Switzerland in an attempt to retrieve his inheritance. He was chased from his homeland because of his involvement in a religious group that was not part of the official state religious sect, and the schism resulted in the ouster of many moral men from Switzerland. It is obvious that Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was disgusted and discouraged with Swiss authorities. In 1773, he wrote an angry and incredulous letter to Twann. He chastised the intransigence of Twann who refused to release his inheritance because “it was not known” which religious faith his children might have and Twann’s fear that his children would return to Twann and become wards or burdens on the Swiss state. To counter the argument, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) indicated that he was man of wealth [through his own hard work] in America and that it was doubtful that his children

48

THE HUBLER HISTORY

would want to exchange something “bad” [Twann] for something “good” [America]. His efforts failed, and his inheritance was left to his son ([please read more of his inheritance trouble under the discussion of his son, Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811)]. Jacob Hubler served on the jury in 1772.218

In his will, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) bequeathed some of his estate to the poor of his township.Clearly, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) did not practice his profession of shoemaking, but

began farming and later worked as a merchant (obviously there were too few people in Plainfield Twp to require a cobbler, but undoubtedly he used his training at home and probably adapted it to harness making, etc.). In fact, in 1773 when he wrote to Twann, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) stated that he had not been working as a shoemaker for more than twenty years.219

Although too old to serve in the Revolutionary War (he was 66 years old), Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was a member of the Committee of Observation of Northampton Co, representing Plainfield Twp, being elected on Oct. 2, 1775.220, 221, 222, 223, 224 The militia was raised at the county or town level and was primarily designed to meet the need for home defense to protect against Indian attack. The militia experience, although based on the English system of local defense, differed as a function of regional circumstances. Comprised of able-bodied conscripts, few free adults were exempted from service in the militia, and militiamen were fined for failure to appear for musters or drills. The militiamen (or minutemen as they were called at the beginning of the war—it was the local Massachusetts militiamen who on April 19, 1775 fought the regular British troops at Lexington and Concord beginning the Revolutionary War) were not paid for their efforts unless they left the county for usually more than 30 days. In the event that they left the county, they were paid by the state; if they left the state, they were to be paid by the Continental Congress. Since they were not paid, there was no need to create payrolls, so often there is little data at the local level. Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) also had three sons (Abraham, John and Isaac) who also served in the Revolutionary War.225 After the War, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was a federal taxpayer; and in 1788, he paid 1 lb. 1 shilling tax to the first federal tax collector on 350 acres of land, 3 horses and 5 cows.

The colonial country store was a quintessential hotbed of frontier commerce, gossip and news mongering. Quidnuncs, peddlers and farmers filled the bustling stores, which were establishments pivotal to the survival and civilization of 18th century America. Colonial farmers were mostly self-sufficient by harvesting cultivated crops, farm animals and wild products for food, medicine, clothing and shelter; however, whatever else they needed was provided by the country store. Settlers would take excess farm produce to the store to trade for needed goods. Barter was the transaction medium, and little money was needed or available. However, the pioneers had little choice of where to dispose of their goods. Shopkeepers would supplement their inventories by buying goods in major cities and shipping or carting them to their stores. Merchants marked up their goods for sale by 100 percent, and often the items had three price plateaus—a low cash price, a medium barter value and a high cost for items bought on credit. 226

The prices were based on the weight of the goods and the distance that they traveled. (Sometimes a barrel of flour was so expensive that farmers would build their own gristmills to grind and process their own flour.) 227 Most settlers were subsistent farmers who had little need for cash and were not active in commerce. Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) transported his farm produce to Philadelphia where he received cash and better prices, and he became adept at commercial ventures. Later, he parlayed this learned and innate ability to operate the country store and inn in Jacobsburg.

In time, the country store became an emporium of imported luxury items, as well as, staple farm goods, and the flourishing storekeepers became barkeeps, social confidants, bankers, scribes and more. 228 By 1850, the lowly country store evolved into diverse merchandise warehouses. In the early 20th century, merchants began to search for a specialty (a market niche) as large department stores (followed by Wal-Marts) devoured merchandise mavens, and many “Mom and Pop” stores disappeared.

Jacob Hubler of Plainfield Twp, Northampton Co petitioned the court on Mar. 17, 1767 to have a "publick house" on the road from Bethlehem to Wind Gap. (The original papers in the criminal court files have his signature.) 229 It was rejected.230 However, he was persistent, and about 1780, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) began the first inn in the area. Apparently, his farm was on a strategic road between Nazareth and Wind Gap, and he named his hostelry "Jacobsburg Inn.” It was a substantial three story stone building that housed a tavern and general store, as well as, living quarters. Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was the innkeeper until his death in 1789.231

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) and his wife Barbara ?? (ca 1720-1795) (maiden name unknown) had seven sons and four daughters living in 1770 (according to one source),232 but only six

49

THE HUBLER HISTORY

sons and two daughters have been found (see above). I am not sure if the head count was incorrectly registered in that single source, since no other names have surfaced; but undoubtedly, only those described above and below were alive in 1789 when Jacob HUBLER (710-1789) died and dictated his will or 1795 when Barbara did similarly. In his will, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) did not mention any other child, even though he had several more children who were supposedly known to be alive in 1770, 233 but their identities remain unknown (and there is no corroborative evidence to support the single description).

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) died at age 79 years. [Data compiled in 1790 by a prominent physician, Dr. Benjamin Rush, indicates that of 100 people born in the city of Philadelphia, more than one-third died before the age of six, and only one quarter of the population survived beyond 26; the life expectancy in 1790 for the US population was 34.5 years for males and 36.5 years for females. So, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) lived an extraordinarily long life.]234 His will was dated May 4, 1789 and proved on May 9, 1789 (his surname was “HOOBLER.”235 In his will, he left to (1) his eldest son, Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811), three pounds (in 6 weeks) and all of the legacies in Switzerland that he inherited (but not collected) from his father, Hans Jacob "Hoobler" (ca 1690-< 1741) “of Germany” (? Switzerland); (2) his son, Frederick HUBLER (1745- ??), 100 lbs. (in two equal payments—50 pounds in three years and 50 pounds in six years); (3) his son, Gottlieb HUBLER (1748- ??), 100 lbs. (in two equal payments—50 pounds in one year and 50 pounds in five years); (4) his son, John HUBLER (??-??), 20 shillings (in 6 weeks); (5) son-in-law, Michael Glass, 50 lbs. (in two years); (6) his son-in-law, Christian Hellman, 100 lbs. (in two equal payments—50 pounds in four years and 50 pounds in seven years); (7) his granddaughter, Magdalena Hellman, 25 lbs. (in eight years); (8) sons, Abraham HUBLER (1761-1838) and Isaac HUBLER (1764-1794), the land in Plainfield Twp; (9) bequeaths (5 pounds to each manager or director) to a Philadelphia hospital, an orphans' home, overseers of the poor in Plainfield Twp and 5 pounds to township officials to erect a bridge over Bushkill Creek on his land in Jacobsburg.236 Interestingly, he did not list his daughters. Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) named his son, Isaac HUBLER (1764-1794), as executor of his estate.

Obviously a businessman, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) directed a payout of his estate over seven years to allow his executors time to judiciously dissolve his estate.237 I do not know why he seemed to slight his son John HUBLER (??-??) by willing him a few shillings (far less than the 5 pounds that he left to the town coffers and much less than the 100 pounds that he willed to most of other sons)—perhaps he was on the “outs,” was self-sufficient, had already been given his portion of the estate or had moved out of the area. [It is a typical and a rudimentary proactive legal maneuver to leave something (even if it is an insignificant value) to each child to prevent challenges to the validity of a will by the heirs.] He left his eldest son, Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) his uncollected Swiss inheritance—perhaps he felt that Twann would release the moneys after his death and because his children were self-sufficient. Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) willed his beloved farm, Jacobsburg, to his sons, Abraham HUBLER (1761-1838) and Isaac HUBLER (1764-1794), [not knowing that Isaac would die within five years and probably not expecting that his farm would be so rapidly sold]. His land was probably the most valuable portion of his estate. He did not specifically leave anything to his wife of 47 years, Barbara ?, probably because his son, Abraham HUBLER (1761-1838), was expected to care for his aging mother (and she was probably the older female that was listed in Abraham’s household in the 1790 Federal census). [To put the amount in perspective, in 1750 in England flour cost 3 shillings/bushel; shoes were 4 shillings/pair; small farmers made 100 pounds/year, and large farmers 300 earned pounds/year.]238

The will of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was witnessed by Jacob Eyerly, Jr., Johannes Schaeffer and George Schwartz. Schaeffer and Schwartz signed the documents in German script, while Eyerly wrote in English. Somewhat strangely, the will was penned in English not German, and it might be that Eyerly helped prepare the will.239 [Eyerly was a land speculator in Plainfield Twp since 1787 and was a partner in the group that purchased most of Jacobsburg after Jacob HUBLER’s death, as well as, a witness (and probable author) of the HUBLER will. He was the son of Johann Jacob Eyerly (1716-1796) who immigrated from Wuerrtemberg in 1753 and in 1755 married Christina Elisabeth Schwar(t)z in Bethlehem, PA. Jacob Eyerly the Elder (1716-1796) and Christina Schwar(t)z (1730 Germany-1818 PA) had four children, all in Nazareth, PA, and none who married HUBLERs. Jacob Eyerly, Jr. (1757 PA-1800 PA) married Anna Maria Frey in Nazareth, PA, and they had five children there. He was politically active, a horseshoer and a real estate

50

THE HUBLER HISTORY

speculator. He served in the General Assembly of PA, and in 1798, he appointed to a tax committee by US President John Adams and was immersed in a viscous controversy about his appointed job, which eventuated in verbal and physical confrontations and perhaps to his early death in 1800 at the age of 44.]240

The heirs of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789), Abraham HUBLER and Isaac HUBLER, sold most of the land of Jacobsburg (361 acres) and the Jacobsburg Inn to three partners (Jacob Christ, Jacob Eyerly, Jr. and William Henry II) for 177 pounds. 241 The three also bought adjacent land in 1790 and 1791, which was incorporated in Jacobsburg242 within a year of the death of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789). One of the partners, William Henry II, bought the undivided third of Jacobsburg from Eyerly, and he used the Inn from 1790 to 1796 to house the workmen and to act as a store for them as they built a gun-making factory (the famous Henry rifles) at Jacobsburg in 1792. (Henry moved his factory from Nazareth because of the more abundant water at Bushkill Creek, and also because Nazareth’s populace was mostly composed of pacifists (although Moravians were pacifists, guns were an integral part of frontier life, and Moravians accepted the reality of rifles in hunting game for meat in rural America and were proud of some of their men who were crack-shots) who did not like a munitions firm in their midst and who were angry at the sounds of rifles being test-fired. At Jacobsburg, he could hire non-Moravians, a circumstance not allowed in Moravian Nazareth.) [William Henry (1757-1821) was born in Nazareth, PA. His parents converted to the Moravian Church—his father was of Scottish descent and worshipped in the Church of England and Episcopalian Churches and his mother was a Quaker, but they became friends with the Moravian minister in Lancaster, and the Henry family stayed Moravian until today, despite their tradition, training and expertise as gun makers.] 243 In 1791, the HUBLER heirs sold 14 acres of retained Jacobsburg to George Schwartz (the witness of the will), who in turn, sold the land a few months later to Wm. Henry.244

The various heirs of the new owners operated Jacobsburg Inn at least until 1899. The Inn was razed in the early 1900s, and only remnants of the foundations of Jacobsburg Inn remain today.245 A picture of the Jacobsburg Inn is on page 34 of Jacobsburg by Charles Sandwick. The village of Jacobsburg was composed of a few houses when Jacob HUBLER named it in the 1740's; six to eight dwellings were there in 1832, and a store, gristmill, iron furnace, tavern and eight dwellings composed the nidus of Jacobsburg in 1845. Jacobsburg still existed in 1850, but only a few restored foundations are left now.246

The land of Jacobsburg is now preserved as Jacobsburg State Park in Pennsylvania.247 In 1959, Pennsylvania bought Jacobsburg and more land (a total of about 2,000 acres) and developed a state park that has an educational center, several preserved buildings and many hiking trails, fishing areas, cross country ski runs and more.

The early part of the life of Barbara ?? (ca 1725-1795) is a mystery; her maiden name and birthplace are unknown. [One researcher248 claims that the maiden name of Barbara was Becker (Beker, Baker, Boeker), but when asked about his source, he responded249 that he could not recall because his research was done 25 years earlier, but that he thought that one of his daughters was a Beker (not so—he had a granddaughter-in-law (married to Jacob HUBLER born in 1800) or that the name was presented in the book, Jacobsburg (it was not). As usual, others adopted and promulgated the information (or misinformation). 250 I have not seen any documentation and doubt the Beker validity.] Jacob HUBLER married Barbara sometime before 1742 possibly when he was near Philadelphia after he immigrated in 1737 and before he settled in Bucks (Northampton) Co; or alternatively, he married her in Bucks (Northampton) Co after he settled there about 1740 (but there were only three other settlers in the area in 1740). Since all the church records on Barbara and Jacob HUBLER have not been discovered, they may have been in Philadelphia or other area in Pennsylvania before settling in Plainfield, or Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) did not participate in the established religions or did not formally marry.

Only one church record for Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) and Barbara (HUBLER) ?? has been found. [The paucity of formal church records might be indicative of a dissatisfaction of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) with the religious groups in the area, a scarcity of organized churches or that the church records have not been found.] In 1991, a retrieval of birth records in Northampton Co,251 did not list the family of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789)—the church records searched included most churches, but many did not began keeping records until the mid or late 1700s. The two earliest records in the area include Williams Twp Church (southeast corner of the county) that began

51

THE HUBLER HISTORY

baptismal records in 1733 and Nazareth Moravian Congregation, which began in 1743. [Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was probably married about 1740 and his eldest child, Jacob HUBLER. Jr. (1742-1813), was born in 1742. The Reformed and Lutheran Congregation (Dryland Church) began recording in 1758.] On Aug. 30, 1759, Barbara ?? (ca 1725-1795), the wife of Jacob HUBLER, was a sponsor for the baptismal of Johann Andres Schwartz (the son of Adam and Sarah Schwartz) at the Blue Church in Upper Saucon Twp, Lehigh Co (then Northampton Co). The other sponsors were John Andrew Bachman and Christian Schwartz. [It was a common practice in some German families to name (middle name) the second-born son after the maternal grandfather, so Bachman might have been the maternal grandfather, thus supplying the name “Andrew/Andres (see above).] Blue Church was 25 miles from Jacobsburg, so Barbara ?? (ca 1725-1795) probably made the trip with another sponsor; she might have been a Schwartz. A George Schwartz was a witness for Jacob HUBLERs will in 1789 and purchased 14 acres from the executors of the estate of Jacob HUBLER in 1791. Also, a Hans George Schwartz immigrated on the same ship to Pennsylvania in 1737;252 and although he was single and the surname Schwartz was common, it might be revealing to pursue that lead. A Schwartz family historian could not identify an 18th century Barbara Schwartz in PA; however, she did not have data on the line back before the mid-1780’s.253 Alternatively, Barbara ?? (ca 1725-1795) could have been a Bachman.254

The will of Barbara ?? (ca 1725-1795) was dated June 17, 1795 and proved on Jan. 16, 1796 in Lower Mt. Bethel, Northampton Co, Pennsylvania. Barbara ?? (ca 1725-1795) was about 70 years old when she died. In her will, Barbara ?? (ca 1725-1795) left to (1) her sons (Jacob, Frederick, Gottlieb and John HUBLER) 1 lb. each; (2) her daughter (Christina, wife of Michael Glass) 50 lbs.; (3) her daughter (Rosanna, wife of Christian Hellman) 1 lb.; and (4) her son (Abraham HUBLER) the rest of her estate.255, 256, 257, 258 In her will, she seemed very religious and asked to be buried “in a Christian-like manner,”259 which seems strange since no religious record has been found. She signed with her mark, “X.” 260

Interestingly, she listed her daughters, left paltry to her sons except Abraham HUBLER who was her executor. (Isaac HUBLER, her youngest son and the co-executor of her husband's will, had died in 1794 at age 30 years.) Probably, she figured that her sons (who were all self-sufficient, gone or dead) had received inheritance from their father's estate and that she had little left anyway. I postulate that after Jacob HUBLER (1711-1789) died, she lived with her son, Abraham HUBLER (1761-1831), in Plainfield [the 1790 Federal Census indicates that 2 females lived with Abraham HUBLER (1761-1831) and they were probably his wife and mother since his daughters were not born yet; there were 3 adult males in 1790 living with Abraham HUBLER (1761-1831), and they may have been brothers (not Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811), but maybe Gotlieb HUBLER and Isaac HUBLER, who were single and did not their own listing,261]. When Barbara ?? HUBLER (ca 1725-1795) died, she was living with her son Abraham HUBLER (1761-1831) in Lower Mt. Bethel Twp. One researcher262 claims that she is buried in Lower Mt. Bethel, which would be plausible, but I have no corroboration.

The Children of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789)

Jacob HUBLER, JR. (1742-1811) is a direct ancestor and is detailed in the next section.Frederick HUBLER (1745- ??) was the second child of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789). He

married late in life (date is unknown but after 1781, so he would have been 36 or older) to Mary ?? and probably had several children or his wife had some before their marriage. In 1770 and 1772, he had surveyed (bought) five different parcels of land in Northampton Co for a total of 227 acres. He would have been 25 years old at that time, and that magnitude of land is prodigious, especially in a well-established area. I suspect that he received financial aid from his father, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) to purchase the land [but not a part of his father’s farm since ”Jacobsburg” was passed intact to his sons, Abraham HUBLER (1761-1838) and Isaac HUBLER (1764-1794) (see below) in his will]. In 1772, he was listed on the Plainfield Twp, Northampton Co Proprietary Tax roll and was single.263,264 Soon, he began to move. He was not a landowner or taxpayer on the Plainfield Twp, Northampton Co Proprietary Tax rolls for 1785-1788. 265 There were no Plainfield Twp, Northampton Co Proprietary Tax rolls after 1788.) He lived in Skippack Twp, Philadelphia Co; but after 1784, he settled in Limerick Twp, Montgomery Co, and he was listed in Montgomery Co, PA in the 1790 Federal Census (where his family counted 1 boy under 16 and 2 girls, in addition to

52

THE HUBLER HISTORY

himself and his wife). He must have been in good standing with his father, because in 1789, he was willed 100 pounds from his father, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789); however, his children were not mentioned (as were his sister’s children), perhaps because the household in the 1790 census included step-sons, or his father left money to Frederick HUBLER assuming that he would care for his offspring (while his sister’s children would be under the control of his son-in-law). His death date and place are unknown, but a search in Montgomery Co would probably be successful.

Christina HUBLER (1747-1813) married Michael Glass (1736-1808) in 1766. The couple lived in Allen Twp (just south of Plainfield Twp) then Lower Mt. Bethel Twp (just west of Plainsfield), Northampton Co and had thirteen children. Her husband, Michael Glass, was included in her father’s will (but none of her children who were minors).

Gottlieb HUBLER (1748- ??) had a warrant for 100 acres of land in Northampton Co in 1772, and two—12 and 15 acres—in 1775. In 1791, he was taxed in Moon Twp, Allegany Co, PA.

Rosanna HUBLER (1749-1828) married Christian Hellman, and they had four children. “Magdelana Hellman” was probably the apple of her grandfather’s eye (or she was sickly), since Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) specifically left money to his granddaughter, Magdalena Hellman, in his 1789 will; but I am not sure of the historical identity of the child even or if she left history behind.

Abraham HUBLER (1761-1838) was baptized and confirmed at the First Reformed Church in Easton, PA and was one of the very successful HUBLER boys, but he was not very prolific. In 1785 on the Plainfield Twp, Northampton Co Proprietary Tax rolls and was single and a resident (his surname was spelled “Hubeller”). 266 In 1786 and 1788, he was taxed on 350 acres in Northampton Co. 267 When he was 28 in 1789, his father, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789), left his farm “Jacobsburg” (probably his most valuable and prized possession) to his sons, Abraham HUBLER (1761-1838) and Isaac HUBLER (1764-1794). Jacob HUBLER did not name his wife (she was still alive) in his will, probably because he expected his son, Abraham HUBLER (1761-1838), to care for her [and indeed, she is probably listed in his household in the 1790 Federal census along with two of his brothers, probably Isaac and possibly Gottlieb or John (2 males 16+ and 2 females, in addition to himself—his children had not been born, yet—the other female might have been his wife or an unknown sibling—he married sometime before his first child was born in 1798, and his two known sisters were both married with families of their own.)]. He sold “Jacobsburg” soon after his father died in 1789. He married Susanna ? Mills268 probably ca 1789, and they had two daughters. In 1838, his estate was valued at $35,643, including a 160-acre farm in Allen Twp (which he left to his son-in-law Jacob Baker) and a 150-acre farm in Upper Nazareth Twp (which he willed to his son-in-law Joseph Shimer).

John HUBLER (b ca 1762-64 ?) is the mystery of his generation. In 1784, he first appeared in Northampton Co on the roll of Capt. Jacob Heller (the same company as his brothers, Isaac and Abraham HUBLER served).269 Since each male over 18 years old were required to serve, he probably turned 18 before 1783 or 1784 (which means he was born before 1765). On Jan. 10, 1786, he paid for a survey of land he was purchasing. John HUBLER had to be 21 before obtaining a warrant, so he had to have been born by 1764.270 He was single in 1786 and 1788 and a "non- resident" landowner in 1788 and 1797 in Plainfield Twp.271 He is not named in the 1790 Federal census in Northampton Co [but he could have been one of the unidentified, enumerated males in the household of Abraham HUBLER (1761-1838)]. It is possible that John HUBLER moved to Northumberland probably about 1788 (with some money from his father—an “early” inheritance) and settled in Turtle Creek (now Union Co) in 1790 (a John HUBLER was listed in the 1790 census for Northumberland Co, but there are several unidentified people in the household—John and wife and three minor children—that would be unlikely or impossible since he was single in 1788 (unless he had twins, but there are no twins listed on the known data of John HUBLER in 1790 Northumberland Co); or they were not his sons but maybe they were his stepsons or niece/nephews); however, the data is inconclusive and confusing. Some family historians believe that this John HUBLER was the John HUBLER of Northumberland Co, while others do not. It would be tidy and understandable to merge these two HUBLER lines at this John juncture, and there are some compelling facts that support the idea; however, a firm link has not been found. Please see the discussion in the following section.

Isaac HUBLER (1764-1794) lived a short life. He was a co-inheritor and co-executor of “Jacobsburg” [with his brother, Abraham HUBLER (1761-1838)]. He was not listed in the 1790

53

THE HUBLER HISTORY

census, but he probably was one of the unidentified adult males in the household of his older brother and partner, Abraham HUBLER (1761-1838). He died at age 30 when struck by lightning and is buried in English Churchyard in Mt. Bethel. (His father was buried at “Jacobsburg,” but it had been sold several years earlier.) He had no offspring.

54

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Other HUBLER surname families

There were other HUBLER lines in Pennsylvania that were contemporary with Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789). He and his descendents were the only HUBLERs in the Northampton Co area in 18th century Pennsylvania, but others lived in other parts of the state. Some may have been related since the name "HUBLER" is unique, and there are many paths that cross; but as far as is known, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) had no relatives in America when he immigrated in 1737. I do not know anything about the first 3-4 years of the life of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) in Pennsylvania or his marriage to Barbara. He was single when he immigrated in 1737. I suspect that he went to Germantown where he met and wed Barbara, but it is possible that he joined relatives or friends there and probable that his first years were spent with his American benefactor, while he completed on his indenture contract.

Discussed below are a few of the other 18th century HUBLER immigrants to Pennsylvania. Their sketches are incomplete and focused on the possible intercalation with my HUBLER line or the amplification of understanding of life in Pennsylvania in the 1700s. The boundaries of counties changed throughout the history of Pennsylvania, and a cursory glance at such moving targets are frustrating to genealogists; however, a closer look reveals the close proximity of all the regions of HUBLER inhabitance.

Jacob/Barbara HUBLERImmigrants in 1733

Jacob HUBLER (1703 Germany-1814) (age 30 years when immigrated in 1733)272, 273,274

Anna Barbara ??? (1708 Germany-?) (age 25 years when immigrated in 1733)Anna Barbara HUBLER (Feb. 1729/30 Germany275-??) (age 3 1/2 years when immigrated in

1733) (m Johan Schopp Oct. 1753; 3 known children—Johann Nicolaus b 1759, Johann Jacob b 1770, and Anna Maria b 1772) 276

Anna Maria HUBLER (May 1731277-??) (2 1/2 years when immigrated in 1733) (m Jost Derr at least 6 children—Anna Barbara b 1769, Johann H. b 1772, Ludwig b 1774, Elizabeth, Catherine, and Margaret) 278

France (Franz) HUBLER (May 1733 Germany279-??) (age 3 mo. when immigrated in 1733) (m Carlina Kirner, daughter of Johannes Kirner on May 1, 1757) (six

272Letter from Virginia Yarnell, Gordon, PA, dated Dec. 28, 1989.273 Ancestry Family Tree on Internet on April 5, 1998 with references.274 http://www.hoobler.com/newpage19.htm, April 14, 2001.275 Ancestry Family Tree on Internet on April 5, 1998 with references.276 http://www.hoobler.com/newpage19.htm, April 14, 2001.277 Ancestry Family Tree on Internet on April 5, 1998 with references.278 http://www.hoobler.com/newpage19.htm, April 14, 2001.279 Ancestry Family Tree on Internet on April 5, 1998 with references.

55

THE HUBLER HISTORY

children) 280 (see below)John HOOBLER (ca 1734 PA-ca 1815 OH) 281 (m Anna Margareth ??) 282

Adam HOOBLER (1761 Cumberland Co, PA-1848 Harrison Co, PA) 283 (m 2x; 18 children) 284

John HOOBLER, JR. (ca 1765- ??) 285 (m Susannah Kockenher; 5 children) 286

Michael HOOBLER (1767 Tulpehocken-1849 OH) 287 (m Margaret Gebhart) 288

Jacob HOOBLER (1774 Perry Co, PA-1814 Perry Co, PA) 289

Catharina HOOBLER (b Jan. 26, 1775) 290

Maria Barbara HOOBLER (Feb. 19, 1788 Tulpehocken, Berks Co, PA- ??) 291

Anna Maria HOOBLER (b Mar. 19, 1785 292

Anna Margareth HOOBLER (b July 27, 1746) (m Bernhardt Heu; at least 5 children: Johan George b 1771, Frederich b 1776, Elizabeth b 1783, Johan Jacob b Oct 1786, and Catherine Elizabeth b 1 Apr 1789) 293

The earliest HUBLER immigrant was Jacob HUBLER (1703-1814). He was 30 years old when immigrated in 1733) with his wife, Anna Barbara ?? (b 1708) who was 25 years old when they immigrated in 1733). They did not seem to be part of the life of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) of Northampton Co.294

One source lists Jacob HUBLER as one of the first settlers in that area in 1734, so the family moved there almost immediately after immigration; and the HUBLER family lived entirely in Lancaster, Berks and Lebanon Co until later than 1790 when part of them settled in Tahayne Twp., Cumberland Co (now Perry Co), but most stayed in Lebnon Co or moved to Northumberland or Centre Co.

Franz HUBLER married Carlina Kirner in 1757; and in 1763, Indians attacked the family. He was wounded and three of their six children were killed, while three other children and his wife were carried away. After the war, he is known to have a wife, so she may have been returned to him, or he remarried295 since a childbirth was recorded in 1768, a daughter, Julianna (b Apr. 14, 1768). Frantz HUBLER moved from his father’s farm in the 1760s to Upper Bern Township, and in the 1790s, he moved across the Blue Mountains into Pinegrove Township. 296

John HOOBER (b ca 1734) was born in America, probably when his father was still an indentured servant. The first record of John HOOBLER (b ca 1734) appears in 1760 on the Berks County tax list from Tulpehocken. His wife was Anna Margaretha (Margaret). They had at least 9 children. With his older brother, Frantz, he became head of the Hoobler farm after his father’s death. John appears on Berks County tax lists along with Jacob from 1760 to 1789. From 1790 to 1794, John appears on the tax lists but without Jacob, so his father, Jacob HUBLER, probably died in 1789. During the American Revolution, John HOOBER was a volunteer from Tulpehocken in the Pennsylvania Militia, 6th Battalion, 3rd Company from Berks County. His name is on the muster roll of this company on duty at the Battle of South Amboy, Long Island in September of 1776. In 1795, John moved west about 75 miles to the settlement of Blain in Toboyne Township of Cumberland County (now Jackson Township of Perry Co, PA). He purchased 66½ acres while his children’s families purchased land nearby. After his wife, Margaret, died in 1799, John sold his land and moved in with his eldest son, Adam HOOBLER. In the spring of 1813, the John Hoobler family split up for the first time. Three of his sons, Adam (probably along with Johannes), John Jr., and Michael HOOBLER bought land in Jefferson County, Ohio. He probably died after June 1820. 297

Adam and John Hoobler

I have seen only one source for this family, 298 and it is on the Internet; however, the information is detailed and intriguing. Letters to the author of the website have not been answered. In 1755, two brothers, Adam and John Hubler, landed in Pennsylvania from the good ship Virtuous Grace of Rotterdam, John Bull Master (the same ship and master who brought Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) two decades earlier). That is strange, and it seems to be the only connection with the two HUBLER families. Their German name seemed to be "Hubler," but in future generations, it often was spelled "Hoobler." Adam HUBLER was probably born in Germany about 1735. In the United States, he was a horse vendor, and shipped the horses from Pennsylvania to the Atlantic Coast. On one of

56

THE HUBLER HISTORY

these trips, he was robbed and killed. Adam HUBLER left three sons—William, Jacob, and Samuel HUBLER. I don’t know anything about John HUBLER. William HUBLER, the son of Adam HUBLER, was probably born in Washington County, Pennsylvania. He married Mary Spears. In about 1820, they moved from Washington County, Pennsylvania to a farm 3 miles south of Wattsville, Ohio (a small town 5 miles north of Bergholtz, Ohio.). But their farm was across the county line in Jefferson County, Ohio. His family probably was born there; and in the early 1850s, they moved to Steubenville, Ohio where William HUBLER was a cobbler. In his old age, they moved to Nebo (now Bergholtz, Ohio) and lived with their daughter, Sarah (Hoobler) Alien. At age 71, Mary (Spears) HUBLER died of internal injuries received when she was thrown from a runaway horse. William HUBLER died of pneumonia at the age of 84. They were buried in the United Presbyterian cemetery at Scrogifield, Carroll County, Ohio. William HUBLER and Mary Spears had ten children.

Also, sadly, I do not know more of the families of the other two sons of Adam HUBLER.

Abraham HUBLER (1716-1777) of Lancaster (Lebanon) Co

Abraham HUBLER (1716-Feb. 1777 Hanover Twp, Lancaster Co, PA)Salome ?? (ca 1727- < 1777) (m ca 1746)

Maria Barbara HUBLER (Feb. 23, 1747-Jan. 21, 1799) (c in Tulpehocken Church)(m Francis Alberthal)

Jacob HUBLER (?? 1751-1822) (??m Margaret Harper and moved to Centre Co)Maria Catherine HUBLER (Aug. 5, 1756-Dec. 20, 1827) (m Nicholas Alberthal on Apr. 8,

1777) (buried in E. Hanover Twp, Lebanon Co, PA)Salome HUBLER (Apr.4, 1759-Apr.17, 1832) (m Jacob Farling) (bur Shoops, Dauphin Co)John HUBLER (ca ? 1762- ??)

Abraham (Abram) HUBLER (1716-1777) immigrated on the English ship, St. Andrew, Robert Brown, Captain, from Rotterdam landing on Oct. 7, 1743 in Philadelphia, PA. Abraham HUBLER was age 27 years when he immigrated. He was single and married Salome ?? (ca 1727- < 1777) probably about 1746.

Marcia Wilson, a descendent of Jacob HUBLER (1751-1822) [the son of Abraham HUBLER (see above)] found evidence that her family originally emigrated from Switzerland. Philip Frank Hubler M.D. wrote a family history on the back of a chromolithograph, "Peggy at the Gate,” from the Sunday Philadelphia Inquirer about 1901. His grandson Raymond Woodward Hubler gave it to Marcia Wilson in the 1960's. It states "Jacob Hubler and one brother came from Schwites” (supposed to be the Canton of Schwites in Switzerland). Since Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) of Northampton Co wrote to a friend in Twann in 1739, it is possible that the Abraham HUBLER (1716-1777) who immigrated in 1743 was related to him. The birth dates of the two would be compatible with siblinghood; however, the family logs in Twann do not identify a brother of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789). The proxy of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) in his efforts to get his Swiss inheritance was an innkeeper in Lancaster County, the same area that Abraham HUBLER (1716-1777) was located. Also, Jacob HUBLER (1751-1822) was possibly a native of the Swatara Region of Lebanon Co, PA.299

Abraham HUBLER (1716-1777) was in Tulpehocken Twp, Berks Co or Bethel Twp, Lebanon Co until he purchased land and settled in 1765 in East Hanover Twp, Lebanon Co, PA. On May 25, 1765 in Dauphin Co (it was first Berks Co, then Lancaster Co until 1785, then Dauphin Co until 1813, then Lebanon Co),300 Abraham HUBLER bought 259 acres from John Gamble. Abraham HUBLER (1716-1777) was taxed on land he owned in Bethel Twp, Lebanon Co in 1751, and he was taxed in East Hanover Twp, Lebanon Co in 1770. Jacob HUBLER (? Abraham's son) was taxed in East Hanover Twp, Lebanon Co in 1773. On Nov. 10, 1775 the county court appointed Abraham HUBLER of Hanover Township as the guardian of the Estates of John Henning, Sophia Henning, John Adam Henning, Thomas Henning and Benjamin Henning, minor children of Jacob Henning.301

Abraham HUBLER (1716-1777) recorded his will on Feb. 19, 1777, and it was proved on Mar. 4, 1777 in Hanover Twp., Lancaster Co, PA (now Lebanon Co); and so he died between those dates at and left a sizable estate of cash and land to his children. From that will, a partial list of

57

THE HUBLER HISTORY

family can be reproduced. Abraham HUBLER's wife was not listed and had probably died earlier. His daughter [Barbara (HUBLER) Alberthal, the wife of Francis Alberthal] and his son-in-law (Francis Alberthal) received his farm [where Abraham HUBLER (1716-1777) had been residing]; his son (Jacob HUBLER) got 5 pounds and “what he had already received;” his two daughters (Catherine HUBLER and Salome HUBLER) received 150 pounds, and his son (John HUBLER) inherited 150 pounds.302 So, logical calculations reveal that his eldest daughter, Barbara, was 30 years old and married; his older son, Jacob HUBLER, was an adult and had moved on [probably he was the Jacob HUBLER living in Northumberland Co,303 at the time that Abraham HUBLER died in 1777; Jacob HUBLER (1751-1822) had fled from Northumberland Co in the Great Runaway about 1777 or 1778]; his daughter, Catharine HUBLER, was 21 years old and single; his daughter, Salome HUBLER, was 16 years old and single, and his younger son, John HUBLER, was a minor and single. That there were minor children might explain the wording of the will of Abraham HUBLER (1716-1777), which implies that there were children younger than 21 years.

On March 22, 1785 [almost ten years after the death of Abraham HUBLER (1716-1777)], there is a deed (probably for the same 259 acres that Abraham HUBLER had purchased in 1765) in Dauphine Co (which was established in 1785), for 110 acres to Francis Alberthal (Abraham HUBLER’s son-in-law and the husband of Barbara (HUBLER) Alberthal] and 149 acres to Catharine (Abraham HUBLER’s daughter and the wife of Nicholas Albertdeal) [actually, the transaction was among several parties—Francis Albertdeal (Abraham HUBLER’s son-in-law) and his wife, Barbara (Abraham HUBLER’s daughter), of Hanover Twp., Jacob Farling (Abraham HUBLER’s son-in-law) and his wife Salome HUBLER Farling, John HUBLER of Hanover Twp. and Jacob HUBLER of Northumberland Co on one part and Nicholas Albertdeal (husband of Catharine HUBLER, the daughter of Abraham HUBLER) of Hanover Twp on the other.]304 It appears that Jacob HUBLER had returned to Northumberland Co, and John HUBLER still resided in Hanover Twp. All had reached the age of majority, but the spouses of John and Jacob HUBLER were not identified. The data is fragmented.

Jacob HUBLER (1751-1822) was probably the Jacob/Margaret HUBLER who settled in Centre Co (see above and following). "Salome" is an unusual name for HUBLER surname families. The Mormon Library IGI lists a "Salome" HUBLER, daughter of Jacob/Susanna, christened at the Egypt Reformed Church in Lehigh Co on Feb.15, 1806 and a "Salme,” daughter of John/Sussanna HUBLER, christened at Altalaha Evangelical Lutheran Church, Rehrersburg, Berks Co, PA on May 19, 1793. So Jacob HUBLER (1751-1822), the son of Abraham HUBLER (1716-1777), was raised in East Hanover Twp., Lebanon Co and probably married Margaret Harper there and settled in Northumberland Co.

Jacob HUBLER (1751-1822) and Margaret Harper (1755-1832)

Jacob HUBLER (Feb. 1751-Jun 30, 1822 PA)305,306,307

Margaret Harper (July 15, 1755-July 28, 1832)Adam HUBLER (??- 1819) (died from falling from a barn; died in testate)308 (lived and died

in Brush Valley) [m Eva (Eve) Kuhn (Kerns) (1787-1840309 or 1816310 )]Jonas HUBLER (Apr. 7, 1810311-1900) (drank; died of dropsy in 1880 at age 90)312

David HUBLER (Jan. 13, 1801313- ??)Sarah (Salome) HUBLER (Jan. 28, 1805314- ??)Julia HUBLER (m John Musser, descendents live in Millheim) 315

Margaret HUBLER[m Mary Kreamer]316 [ 2nd line of Alan Albight (see below)]Rachel HUBLER (Jan. 16, 1808317- ??)Catharine HUBLER (May 1, 1809318 -??) (m John Vore) 319,320

Margaret (Peggy) HUBLER (m ? David Albright) 321, 322

Lydia HUBLER (Feb. 25, 1811323 -??) (m Soloman Rutroff) 324,325

Elizabeth HUBLERJacob HUBLERJulia (Juliana) HUBLER (Aug. 15, 1817326-??) (m J.G. Musser) 327

Susan HUBLER

58

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Rebecca HUBLER (1812 Millham Twp, Centre Co 328- ??) (m Michael Musser )329 [ line of Jim Grady330 and Alan Albright]

John HUBLER (Aug. 31, 1776331-1813/14)332 (bap Aug. 14, 1778 at Tabor Church, Lebanon Co)333 (m Maria Christine Johnsonbaugh) 334,335

Jacob HUBLER (<1801-??)336

Elizabeth HUBLER (<1801-??) (m John Klepper) 337

Polly (Molly) HUBLER (<1801-??) (m John Musser)338

John HUBLER, Jr. (1803-1880)339,340, 341,342 (m Anna Stober) 343

Susanna HUBLER (>1801-<1840) (m Michael Weaver) 344

Rachel HUBLER (>1801-??) (m Andrew Musser) 345

Margaret HUBLER (>1801-??) (m John Brightbill/Brichtol) 346

Mary HUBLER (June 8, 1812-??) (m Philip Musser) 347

(John) Henry HUBLER (Dec. 14, 1778348-1838 Millheim, PA) (bap May 31, 1780 at Tabor Church, Lebannon Co) 349 (m Eva then Barbara Edris/Etters ca 1815; 10 children) 350,351,352 (lived in Haines Twp until ca 1815remarried and moved to Ferguson Twp. where George lived) 353

George HUBLERJacob HUBLERBarbara HUBLERMargaret HUBLEREve HUBLERJohn L. HUBLERMore

Eva HUBLER (??- <Nov. 1822) [m George Stover (1783 Centre Co-1827 Centre Co) 354]John Stover (m Mary Yeagley) 355

Jacob H. Stover (1783-1827)356, (m Rebecca Hess357) (b in PA, moved to WI)358

Rueben Stover359

Susanna HUBLER (1783-1855) (m Jacob Johnsonbaugh) 360

George HUBLER (1787-Aug. 2, 1857 Centre Co, PA) (the family tree is well known361)(m Margaret Kepler [(??-1822)] 362 ,363

John George HUBLER (m Ann Musser)364

George M. HUBLER (??-1896 (m Margaret Elizabeth Stover)Frank A. HUBLER (1867-??)William T. HUBLER (1869-1935)

Harry G. HUBLER (b 1839) (m Ethel Harper)William HUBLERFrances HUBLER (1914- ??)

Samuel Luther HUBLER (1896-1980)(m Elizabeth Reifsnyder)

Anna Harriet HUBLER (m Tom Ocker)365

Elizabeth (Betsy) HUBLER (m Wm Musser) 366

Jacob Kepler HUBLER (Oct.8, 1/17 Centre Co, PA-July 28, 1894 W Pittston, PA) (m Catherine Frank) (according to his obituary, he lived at Hublersville which had been renamed Huntington Falls 367,368, 369 [line of Marcia Wilson]

Elizabeth HUBLER (m M. Benciter)Perry HUBLER (??-1862 ML)Alfred HUBLER (m Harriet Sober)Simon HUBLER (m Julia Bird; 6 children)Charles HUBLER (??-1867)Jennie HUBLER (m Wm. Walters)Philip Frank HUBLER (m Minnie McClusky)Jesse Robert HUBLER (m Lizzie Keim)

George HUBLERThomas HUBLER (Dec. 20, 1789-Nov. 11, 1855 Aaronsburg, PA) (? m Christiana

59

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Weber/Weaver) (2 children)Barbara HUBLER (??-??) (m John Heiner in 1822) 370

Catherine HUBLER (Feb. 21, 1792 Haines Twp, Centre Co, PA-Aug. 24, 1876 Aaronsburg, PA) [m Jacob E. Stover (1782-1858), son of above George Stover] 371 372 373,374,375,376,377 Stover 378,379,380 (Stover was the estate lawyer for Margaret (Harper) Hubler and the guardian for several HUBLER children, including his future wife Catherine HUBLER) 381,382

Samuel STOVER (m Catherine D INGES )Margaret STOVER (m Christian KAUP)

Isaac STOVER [m 1) Catherine GROVE, 2) Rebecca Lenigh, 3) Sarah Zimmerman]

George STOVER William STOVER (m Sarah Sophia ETTINGER)Michael STOVER (m Elizabeth HAINES)John HUBLER STOVER (m Mary Ellen HOOVER)

Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1800-1831) (m Christina Weaver/Weber) 383

Elias HUBLERAbsolum HUBLERMargaret HUBLER (??-??) (m Benjamin Bard/Berd) 384

Jacob HUBLER (1751-1822) was probably reared in the Swatara Region of Lebanon Co, PA385 and probably was the son of Abraham HUBLER (1716-1777). He married Margaret Harper (1755-1832), daughter of Adam Harper (1722-??),386 who lived near East Hanover Twp, Indiantown Gap Military Reservation (the modern location) in Lebanon Co, PA. [On Sept. 13, 1772 at the Swatara Reformed Church in Lebanon Co, Francis Albert and his wife (Maria Barbara) baptized their infant daughter (Anna Margaret Albert), and the sponsors were Jacob Hubler and Margaret Harper (so the couple was single in 1772, but were already associated, and this is a good linking reference); and when their son (Henry HUBLER) was baptized at the Tabor Lutheran Church in Lebanon Co in 1778, Franz Albert and his wife (“M. Barbara”) returned the favor and sponsored the baptismal].387 (John) Adam Harper (the father of Margaret Harper) emigrated from Germany in 1743 at the age of 21 (?) years.388 (He became an Associate Judge when the court was begun in 1780.)389

Jacob HUBLER (1751-1822) moved with wife Margaret Harper and her two brothers to Northumberland Co (Centre Co), PA over Indian trails about 1772. Testimony in a court case years (1810) later involving several litigants confirmed his residency in Potter Twp. prior to 1774.390 He was one of the first settlers of Penns' Valley, Potter Twp, Northumberland Co (now Haines Twp., Centre Co), which is just south of Aaronsburg).391 Actually, he was identified as the third or fourth settler in that area of Penn Valley. On Sept. 20, 1776, Jacob HUBLER (1751-1822) tried to petition the revolutionary forces392 to give the Indians in Potter Twp. arms in an effort to try to convert the Native Americans,393 rather than having the Indians go to the British. (Adam Harper was also a signer.)394 But the petition failed, and the HUBLER family fled in 1778 probably to eastern PA.395 He is listed as a Captain in the Bretz Company, Berks Co militia in the Revolutionary War.396 [During the Revolutionary War, most settlers fled eastward to escape Indian raids (the Indians often were allied with the British who supplied them with arms) in the "Great Runaway.” The Stovers who were neighbors of the HUBLER family (and later in-laws) were burned out by the Indians.397]

After the War (probably in the mid 1780s), the Jacob HUBLER family returned to Potter Twp, Northumberland Co. Jacob HUBLER (1751-1822) was listed on the 1786, 1787 and 1789 tax rolls for Potter Twp. He bought land in Haines/Potter Twp. on Oct. 24, 1786; June 9, 1784 and June 29, 1797. 398 On March 1, 1793, a warranty for 100 acres in Northumberland Co was issued for Jacob HUBLER. In August 1794, Jacob HUBLER (1751-1822) was a petitioner to divide Haines Twp., Northumberland Co between Penns and Brush Valleys. On Oct. 11, 1798, he was recorded as a surety for the estate of John HUBLER. ["Penn's Valley" is the valley that defines the watershed for Penn's Creek. It arises in Centre Co, crosses the SW corner of Union Co, traverses the NE corner of Snyder Co and empties into the Susquehanna River not far from Selinsgrove. Penn Township (now in Snyder Co) was formed in 1758, before Northumberland Co was formed in 1772. That area lay

60

THE HUBLER HISTORY

within Northumberland Co until it fell into Union Co at its creation in 1813. It fell within Snyder Co when it was created from Union Co in 1855.]

Jacob HUBLER (1751-1822) [and subsequently his sons, especially his eldest (Adam HUBLER)] erected a grist and sawmill at Potters Township in 1786,399, 400 and he deeded land in 1789 to Christopher Henning.401 He was a supervisor of roads; and in 1795, he owned 100 acres next to Aaron Levi and Philip French (later his grandson would marry his neighbor’s descendent); and 1789, he was a supervisor of roads again. On March 7, 1804, he and his brother-in-law (Adam Harper) sold some land (to Michael Motz and Jacob Hosterman) for a schoolhouse in eastern Haines Twp. In 1804, he and his brother-in-law sold some land for a schoolhouse in eastern Haines Twp. He left a large estate when he died in 1822. Most of his land was near his burial site in Stover Cemetery (it is called “Stover Cemetery” because most of those interred there are members of the Stover family—the in-laws of the HUBLERs’) near Aaronsburg, PA. The headstone is well preserved, and the life dates are clear in German script. Margaret HARPER (1755-1832) is buried in Reformed Cemetery in Aaronsburg—1st section, last row.402

The land contracts of Jacob HUBLER are as follows: (1) a tract of land in Haines Township, Centre County adjoining Michael Hess, Adam Weaver and others, containing 125 acres (sold Mar. 9, 1829 to Thomas Hubler); (2) a tract of land adjoining #1, containing 91 acres (and it was apparently the homestead property) (also sold on Mar. 9, 1829 to Thomas Hubler); (3) a tract of land in Millheim, containing 57acres (sold to George Hubler on Mar. 9, 1829); (4) a tract of land in Potter Township, containing 97 acres, adjoining George Hubler and Abel Moore, etc. (sold Mar. 11, 1829 to George Hubler) and (5) a tract of land in Walker Township adjoining William Ewen, Esq., Henry Hubler, etc., containing 164 acres (sold to David Hubler, the son of Adam, deceased). Therefore, it could be deduced that when Jacob HUBLER died in 1822, his son Thomas ended up with the homestead lots and the Haines Township lands. Also, that Jacob had owned land in Millheim, which George Hubler bought. [George Hubler (1787-1857) was born in Haines Township; moved to Ferguson Twp with brother, Henry HUBLER; then moved to Potter Township where he was living in 1829 and bought an additional piece of land from his father's estate; then returned to Haines Twp, and finally settled in Miles Twp where he died. Henry Hubler also held Walker Township lands. John HUBLER’s son, Jacob HUBLER (the grandson of old Jacob HUBLER), went there, also. One of these three HUBLER men named Hublersburg after the family.403

Hublersburg

In central Pennsylvania, “Hublersburg” is situated on road only miles between Bellefontaine and Lock Haven. The earliest surveys were made in the territory in 1770. Hublersburg is located within Walker Township, which is situated in Nittany Valley proper, and is traversed by Little Fishing creek. The township’s villages are Zion, Hublersburg, Snydertown and Nittany (for more information about these, see Paul M. Dubbs, “Where to Go and Place-Names of Centre County, 1961”). It has considerable iron ore deposits. Walker Twp was established in 1810.

Jacob Bolander laid out Hublersburg for the estate Jacob HUBLER on May 10, 1832.404 Farming is now the main occupation of the inhabitants of Walker Township. The population in 1850 was 1,221 and in 1990 was 2,801. (Tax assessment records for Walker Township from 1811 forward can be found in the basement of the Centre County Library and Historical Museum in Bellefonte, and these could be a fruitful area of search.)405 In 1882, Hublersburg had two general stores, three churches, (Presbyterian, Evangelical and Reformed), a foundry, one hotel, two blacksmiths, two shoe shops, one school, 29 houses and a population of 170.406 Jacob HUBLER had owned the land; and on May 10, 1832, his heirs had it surveyed into plots and started a village, which bears his name.407 Some say that Hublersburg was name posthumously for a Jacob HUBLER who lived on the land in about 1816.408 He was assessed for a sawmill and a horse and cow and his land around that time.409 His sons, David and Henry HUBLER,410 lived in or around Hublersburg in the early 1830's, although the land was still in Jacob HUBLER's name.411 (Jacob HUBLER in that scenario is identified as the Jacob HUBLER (1751-1822) who was married to Margaret Harper and was a pioneer settler of Potter Twp, Northumberland Co/Centre Co.412 He had a son name Henry HUBLER, but none that I know of named David HUBLER.413 At Bellefonte Library are the estate papers of Jacob Hubler (1751-1822) who died in 1822 and left everything to his wife and children. His estate probably was not settled until 1832 when his wife died or was too feeble to oversee his estate. Hublersburg was

61

THE HUBLER HISTORY

formed in May 1832, and she died in July 1832. Perhaps their children sold the plots and created the town posthumously—ten years after the death of Jacob HUBLER (1751-1822). He and Margaret Harper never lived in the area of Hublersburg; however, Jacob HUBLER did have vast land holdings, in several places. He also had a gristmill and a woolen factory).

In 1832, a small store was opened in a log cabin. There is a sign outside of Hublersburg that credits the founding of the town to Jacob HUBLER in 1832. It goes farther to describe this Jacob HUBLER as an early Huguenot settler. [No one knows the origin of that information and repeated requests to the Pennsylvania state Bureau of Transportation (that erected the sign) have not been answered.] Now the town is small, but it has a small hotel and quite a few establishments. Although people in Hublersburg are friendly, no one seems to know of any HUBLER families there now or ever.414 However, a quote from the HUBLER family says that Jacob HUBLER who “was accompanied by two brothers who later returned to Clearfield Co” founded Hublersburg in Centre Co on May 12, 1832415

[I put this discussion here because the most likely scenario is that Jacob Hubler (1751-1822) bought the land, and it was named posthumously for him and lots were sold by his sons after his wife died. Adding to the puzzle is the Regina HUBLER will. In the will of Mariah Hubler of Walker Township, she left everything to her niece, Regina HUBLER.416 In turn, Regina HUBLER wished in the will (but which was never carried out) to have a marker erected on the "Family Plot at Hublersburg" with the inscription: "In Memory of the Hubler Family" and individual stones with the names and dates of all the members there. No such monument exists. Regina HUBLER drew up the will with only one witness, who also was named as sole heir and executor—Regina's aunt, Rebecca Charles. Several relatives are probably buried in this plot at Hublersburg, but Mariah HUBLER has the sole gravestone—“HUBLER, Maria, female, age 78, single, born at Haines Twp, Occup: Inn Keeper, died Jan. 21, 1905 at Hublersburg, of Comp of Disease, Interred at Hublersburg.”417]

However, there are two facts that need clarification—the road sign that claims that the town was founded by a French Huguenot and the family reference to three HUBLER brothers (Jacob HUBLER, the founder of Hublersburg and his two un-named brothers), two of whom “returned to Clearfield Co” [The only HUBLERs in Clearfield Co at that time were the descendants of Abraham HUBLER (1779-ca 1840). Abraham HUBLER (1779-ca 1840) did have an unidentified son who was on the 1820 Clearfield Co census, but not on the 1830 census, as well as, several other sons who might have been possible for the two brothers who returned to Clearfield Co.] In short, no one seems to know exactly who founded Hublersburg.

An interesting yearbook describes the towns of Walker Twp as compiled by the senior class of Walker Twp High School of 1927. Only part is extant, but that that exists offers a fun and salient history of life there in the 1800s in terms of 1927, which is also insightful—it is a glimpse of the distant past as seen in remote times and interpreted in modern view.418 Some extracts are summarized in reference to Hublersburg. According to the yearbook, Jacob Hubler lived there in Walker Twp in 1825. In 1832, he hired Jacob Bolander to survey his land into town plots and started the village. The pioneer settlers of the town were Jacob Miller, Henry Reed and Henry Diminis. Hublersburg did not grow rapidly, and its western edge remained untouched forest for many years. The main occupation was farming, but two stores (one owned by Henry Brown, and the other by S.H. Goodheart), two blacksmith shops, a crockery and two shoe shops opened also. At one time a foundry, run by water, a tannery and an iron ore mine operated. The largest hotel in Walker Twp was the Hubler Hotel, which was built about 1825 by Anthony Carner, and Michael HUBLER purchased it in 1870 (who operated it until 1895). After that, it was operated as a boarding house from 1895 to 1919, was a private residence, was remodeled and then became vacant. In the 1800s, stages drawn by four horses became modern conveyances; and in many cases, they replaced the private buggies and sleighs on the dirt roads. Before then, settlers traveled on foot or via horseback on Indian trails. (In 1901, the first automobile—a Ford for $400—was used in Walker Twp, and in 1912, road covering over the dirt was first used.) In 1840, the Presbyterian Church at Hublersburg was built (an Evangelical Church opened in 1859, and a Reformed Church in 1882—no mention of a Catholic Church or Huguenot congregation is made), and in 1904, the building was bought by the community for $400 and became the Town Hall. The first school of Walker Twp began in 1866, but the building was torn down in 1906, and the lumber was re-used in other edifices. Telephone lines reached the village in 1890. In 1910, William Shower operated a flourmill at Hublersburg. In 1927, electric lines did not traverse the township—residents relied on kerosene lamps!

62

THE HUBLER HISTORY

In 1997, no HUBLERs resided in Hublersburg. Hublersburg Hotel was still standing but was operated only as a bar.419 There is no historical society there.

63

THE HUBLER HISTORY

John HUBLER of Centre and Union Co

John HUBLER (Nov. 9, 1762-Mar. 14, 1845 East Buffalo Twp, Union Co, PA); (bur Dreisbach Lutheran Cemetery, Union Co, PA)420, 421

Catherine (1767-Mar. 27, 1845 East Buffalo Twp, Union Co, PA; buried Dreisbach Lutheran Cemetery, Union Co, PA)

Catharina HUBLER (??- ?? OH) (m Thomas Nowland/Nowlin)Mary Magdaline HUBLER (1790 PA- ?? Stark Co, OH) (m Adam Metz)Abraham HUBLER (Dec. 21, 1790 Turtle Creek, Union Co, PA-May 30, 1834 Jackson

Twp, Stark Co, OH) (buried in Mudrock Cemetery, Stark Co, OH)422 (m Elizabeth Dark423) (this Abraham is often confused with the Abraham HUBLER of this report from Northampton Co because of the similar life dates)

Catharine HUBLER (Dec. 15, 1815 Stark Co, OH-July 17, 1873 Dekalb Co, IN)424,425 (m Johan Jacob Treesh on Nov. 8, 1832)426,427,428

John Hoovler (b 1816 in Stark Co, OH) ?? ( m ? in Knox Co, OH in 1837) (there was an unnamed male child on the census)429

Rachel HUBLER (June 13, 1820-??)430

John HUBLER, Jr. (July 18, 1793 Buffalo Twp, Northumberland Co, PA- ?? Stark Co, OH) (m Elizabeth)

John P. HUBLER (d 2/24/1857 in Stark Co, OH) (buried in Lutheran Evangelical Cemetery, Starks Co, OH)431

Jacob HUBLER (1796 Buffalo Twp, Northumberland Co, PA-Feb. 26, 1861 Stark Co, OH) (buried in Lutheran Evangelical Cemetery, Stark Co, OH)432, 433 (m Barbara/Eva ?) (served in War of 1812) 434

John P. HUBLER (1820 Northumberland Co-??) Conrad HUBLER (b 1823 Northumberland-?)Abraham HUBLER (b 1825 Northumberland-?)Henry HUBLER (b 1829 Lackawanna, Starks-?)Sarah HUBLER (b 1834 Lackawanna, Starks-?)William HUBLER (b 1836 Lackawanna, Starks-?)Jonathan HUBLER (b 1842 Lackawanna, Starks-?)? Daniel HUBLER (homesteaded in Kansas) (Marion Sylvester

HUBLER-Charles Ira HUBLER-Dorothy Mahan435)Christina HUBLER (?? Northumberland Co- ??) (m Samuel Focht) (d OH)Henry HUBLER (Feb.12, 1801 Turtle Creek, Buffalo Twp, Northumberland Co-July 3,

1874, East Buffalo Twp, Union Co) (m Rebecca Himbach)Abraham HUBLER (Jan. 28, 1823 New Berlin, Northumberland Co,

PA.-Feb. 2, 1913); (buried New Berlin Cemetery) (m Susan Maize) (no children) (living in New Berlin in 1900)

Isaac HUBLER (Oct. 1, 1826-Mar. 26, 1910 Turtle Creek, PA);(buried Dreisbach Cemetery) (m Susanna Faust) 436, 437

Thomas J. HUBLER (1855- ??) (m Emma Himmelreich)Cora V. HUBLER

John H. HUBLER (??- ??) (died in infancy)Margaret A. HUBLER (??- ??) (m Emanual Hoffman)

Vesta H. HoffmanPaul H. Hoffman

James E. HUBLER (??- ??) (m Clara M. Rangler)

420Letter from Nancy Wheaton, Lake City, FL, dated Aug. 6, 1990 (descendent of John Heimback/Salome HUBLER, daughter of John/Catherine HUBLER of Union Co421Commemorative Biographical Record , p 1186422 Mudrock Cemetery listing sent by Goldie Shimek, professional genealogist in Stark Co, dated Jan. 1990.423 World Family Tree, Vol 1, Broderbund Software (Family Tree Maker) March, 1996.

64

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Eva May HUBLERWilliam B. HUBLER (??- ??) (died in infancy)Ada M. HUBLER (??- ??)(m William Mauser)Helen B. HUBLERMarian E. HUBLERSallie HUBLER (??- ??) (m William Benner)

Mary S. BennerMasie A. HUBLER (??- ??)

Jeremiah HUBLER (June 26, 1830-Sept. 20, 1880 New Berlin, PA)John HUBLER (1828-Nov. 29, 1911 Turtle Creek, Union Co, PA)

(buried Dreisbach) (m Elizabeth Hauk) (6 children) John HUBLER, Jr. (is Robert HUBLER's line who owns

the family farm)Thomas HUBLER (??- ??) (died in childhood)Unknown (female) HUBLER (??- ??)

Salome (Sally) HUBLER (Aug. 5, 1802 East Buffalo Twp, Union Co, PA-Apr. 14, 1864 Union Co, PA (m John Heimbach, brother of Rebecca Heimbach) (10 children) (d Union Co)

Adam HUBLER (??- ??) (d Stark Co, OH)Eve HUBLER (Nov. 6, 1808 Northumberland Co-Dec. 4, 1872 Union Co)

(m Peter Wolfe) (d Union Co)

It is written that John HUBLER and "his brother" moved to Center Co, PA (then Northumberland Co, PA) from "Northampton Co" probably in the mid-1780s (John HUBLER was listed on the 1790 Federal Census for Northumberland Co—no townships are listed). After a few years, John HUBLER and his wife Catherine moved to Turtle Creek Twp, Northumberland Co (now Union Co) in 1793 where his second son (and probably 4th child), John HUBLER, was born. In 1795-1796, he was listed as a taxpayer in East Buffalo Twp., Union Co (Jacob HUBLER was not listed). On Oct. 11, 1789, Jacob HUBLER was recorded as a surety for the estate of John HUBLER438 (which is the only connection that I have seen between John and Jacob HUBLER.) He bought land in Haines Twp on Mar. 1, 1790 and more on Dec. 14, 1793 and on Apr. 19, 1802 in Buffalo Twp.439 (Jacob HUBLER also bought land in Haines Twp. in 1794.) 440

John HUBLER (1765-1845)/Catherine's family group has been documented. Most of his sons (except for Henry HUBLER) moved to Stark Co, Ohio (Adam, Abraham, John and Jacob). John HUBLER (1765-1845) made several trips to Stark Co, OH where he purchased a large tract of land.441. He and Catharine deeded land to his children over the years, for example, on Aug. 3, 1824, they “sold” two tracts to his son, John HUBLER, Jr. (b 1793) (no wife was named) for $10, and his brother, Jacob HUBLER (b 1796) already had “bought” the adjacent land. Catharine signed with an “X,” so could not write.442

John HUBLER was born in 1765 and died in 1845 on his homestead in Turtle Creek, Union Co. Catherine died ten days later. John HUBLER (1765-1845) was a large man, “raw-boned,” vigorous who cleared his homestead and farm from the surrounding forest; he was a Dunkard and his wife, Catherine, was Lutheran.443 Since then, the homestead has remained in the HUBLER family owned by successive generations—John-Henry-John, Sr.-John, Jr.444-Isaac445-Robert HUBLER. Isaac HUBLER (1826-1910) was a cattle drover, merchant and farmer; he was a not-too-active Democrat and a Lutheran (his father was a Dunkard), but was better educated than his father (12th grade, English), but his health was not as good.446 In 1993, Robert and Elizabeth HUBLER (who are in their 70's) still live on a HUBLER farm in Lewisburg, PA. They are the 6th generation HUBLER surname families who have lived there, and their house was built 1850 and their barn in 1847, both were built by Henry HUBLER (1801-1874) (who was a strong man of domestic skills who earned a meager education at the German-speaking only nearby Dreisbach Church school; he spurned mechanical advances, and he was a Whig then Democrat).447 His direct ancestor was John HUBLER/Catharine who bought the original farm of 200 acres in Turtle Creek in 1793.448

65

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The Jacob HUBLER and John HUBLER connection

John HUBLER/Catherine of Turtle Creek, Buffalo Twp., Union Co, PA and Jacob HUBLER/Margaret of Potter or Haines Twp., Centre Co, PA were contemporaries, and they were possibly related. Jacob HUBLER/Margaret and John HUBLER/Catherine were probably the Jacob HUBLER and John HUBLER listed in the 1790 Northumberland Co, PA census (the township was not listed in the 1790 census).

1790 Northumberland Co, PA:Jacob HUBLER--1 male > 16 years, 5 males < 16 years, 3 femalesJohn HUBLER--1 male > 16 years, 1 male < 16 years, 3 females

1800 Northumberland Co, PA:Jacob HUBLER--1 male > 45 years, 1 male < 10 years, 1 male 10-16 years,

1 male 16-26 years, 1 female > 45 years, 2 females < 10 years,2 females 16-26

John HUBLER--1 male 20-26, 1 male < 10 years, 1 male 10-16 years,1 female 16-26 years, 1 female < 10 years

The genealogical position of John Hubler is unclear. It might not affect my personal family history directly, but it might have implications that do impact my line. Thus, I will outline facts, as follows. There are several known John HUBLERs (and maybe some unknown ones) who are possible, and I will try to detail the known and surmise more. John HUBLER, the son of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789)

Known:Born about 1762, died after 1797Lived most of his early life in Plainfield Twp, Northampton CoHe had an older brother named Jacob (whose family and vital statistics are

documented and do not match those of Jacob HUBLER/Catherine ?; however, it is possible that he had other brothers who are not known)

He was in Plainfield Twp and single in 1786 (age 24) and 1788 (age 28)449

He was "non- resident" landowner in 1797 (age 35) in Plainfield Twp450

In 1789 his father died and willed him 20 shillings (a paltry amount—John would have been 29 and may have been gone, self secure or on the outs with his father). In 1795 his mother died and willed him 1 pound (the amount of several other sons—John would have been 33 and was a non-resident land owner.

Unknown:Wife, marriage date, death date, occupation

John HUBLER, the son of Abraham HUBLER (1716-1777)Known:

Born about 1762, died after 1777Lived most of his early life in Lebanon-Lancaster CoIn 1785 he was in Hanover Twp. and sold some land (he would have been 23, and

received a sizable inheritance from his father who owned several hundred acres in Lebanon Twp. He had an older brother named Jacob (who probably was married to Margaret Harper and lived in Northumberland-Centre Co—in 1785 in the same land sale referred to above, Jacob HUBLER of Northumberland sold land to Nicholas Alberthal (Abraham's son in law).

Unknown:Wife, marriage date, death date, occupation

John HUBLER of Centre Co

449Pennsylvania Archives , Third Series, VoL. XIX< pg. 266; sent by Hans Heimbach and in Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.450Pennsylvania Archives , Third Series, VoL. XIX< pg. 266; sent by Hans Heimbach and in Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.

66

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Known:Wife (Catherine ?—some postulate PAUL)Born Nov. 9, 1762Family well documentedSettled in about 1788-1790 and lived most of life (and died) in Centre-Union Co

Unknown:Origin and relationship to other HUBLERs

John HUBLER/Catherine was the younger (b 1762 vs. b 1751), and it is written that he moved "with his brother" "from Northampton Co" [the only HUBLERs in that county at that time were the family members of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789)] to Northumberland Co (first to Centre Co and "after a few years" to Union Co) in about 1790. Several possibilities exist depending on the familial trees of Jacob HUBLER (b 1751) and John HUBLER (b 1762), as follows: If Jacob and John HUBLER were brothers:

1. They could have been the sons of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) who immigrated in 1737. He had a son named John who was born about the right time (ca 1762-1765). [John HUBLER was a single resident of Plainfield Twp, Northampton Co in 1786 and 1788 and was a non-resident landowner of Northampton Co in 1797, which would be compatible with a 1790 appearance of John HUBLER in Centre Co.] He also had a son named Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811); however, that Jacob could not be the Jacob HUBLER of Centre Co since his dates, children and life are clearly documented [Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) is my ancestor], but Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) of Northampton Co could have had another son named Jacob (e.g., George Jacob). [However, the full name as given in Twann for Jacob Hubler (1710-1789) was Hans Jacob HUBLER, so it is likely that Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) had the same first given name (Hans) and another son shared a second given name (Jacob) with both father and sibling but had a distinctive first given name. I do know that Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) had another son (living in 1770) who has not been identified.] The account that identified Jacob and John HUBLER as “brothers” also stated that they came from "Northampton" to the Centre Co area about 1790.

2. They could have been the sons of Abraham HUBLER of Lebanon, the immigrant of 1733. It is possible that John HUBLER (b 1762) joined his “brother” Jacob HUBLER/Margaret in Northampton Co when he returned in about 1785 [Jacob HUBLER/Margaret fled eastward during the Revolutionary War in 1778]. John HUBLER (b 1762) would have been 10 years old when Jacob HUBLER/Margaret first moved to Centre Co in 1772, but would have been 21 years old when they moved back to Centre Co in 1786. John HUBLER resided in Potter Twp, Northumberland Co in 1786; and 1787, he was on federal tax rolls as owning 50 acres and was not single [while John HUBLER, the son of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) of Plainfield, was single and living in Plainfield in 1786; but he was a non-resident of Northampton Co in 1788]. Supportive of the scenario is the fact that John HUBLER (b 1762) resided in an area in close proximity to Margaret Harper who married Jacob HUBLER (b 1751), and I have not seen anything about John or Jacob in Lancaster Co after 1785.

3. Two brothers could have immigrated in the 1760s or earlier. One researcher451 found a family reference (on the back of a 190 newspaper clipping) to two brothers who immigrated in 1760 from Canton Schwytz, Switzerland; while another had information about HUBLERs from Germany who immigrated earlier (see above). It is possible that there were several related HUBLERs who immigrated between 1737 and 1790. Since Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) wrote to a friend in Twann in 1739, it is possible that the Abraham HUBLER (1716-1777) who immigrated in 1743 was related. The proxy of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) in his efforts to get his Swiss inheritance was an innkeeper in Lancaster County, the same area that Abraham HUBLER (1716-1777) was located. Also, if two HUBLER brothers immigrated about 1762, they may have been related to Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) of Northampton Co and could have stopped in Northampton Co before moving to the Centre Co area.

If they were NOT brothers:

67

THE HUBLER HISTORY

1. It could be that John HUBLER (1762-1845) was the son of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789); and he and his brother (maybe an another, unknown son of Jacob HUBLER or one of the known, single brothers) went to Centre Co; and then the unknown brother died or returned to Northampton Co. In support of that connection is (1) the written reference to John HUBLER (1762-1845) being from Northampton Co, (2) the similar age and non-resident status of John HUBLER of Northampton Co, (3) the fact that Abraham HUBLER (b ca 1779) who was the son of Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) moved to New Berlin, Northumberland Co close to his ? uncle, and (4) John HUBLER (1762-1845) bought land in Stark Co, Ohio and left it to his sons.

2. John HUBLER (1762-1845) was unrelated to any known HUBLER.3. Any mixture of the above could prove true.

I think that we are missing a cohesive link. It is frustrating.

Jacob HUBLER of Pinegrove Twp, Schuylkill Co

Jacob HUBLER, Sr. (??-1815)452, 453

wife, unknownMichael HUBLERJohn HUBLER

John HUBLER (b 1795) (m Barbara Lehr)454 family of Tonya LeboJohn HUBLER (b 1824) 455 (see below)Henry HUBLER (b 1827) 456,457

Levi HUBLER (b 1830) , 458,459

William HUBLER (b 1832) 460

Edward HUBLER (1837) 461,462

Lydia HUBLER (1841-1921) 463 (m John Gensemer) 464

Catherine HUBLER (b 1839) 465,466

Absolum HUBLER (b 1849)467

Nathan HUBLER (b 850) 468,469

Frank HUBLER470

William HUBLER471

Charles HUBLER472

Catherine HUBLER (m Minnig)Mary HUBLER (m Zells)Daniel HUBLERJacob HUBLER Jr. (b ?-1832) [m Magdalena Zimmerman (1775-1807), daughter

of Berhard Zimmerman of Berks Co, PA., and then Catharina; had at least 9 children=Johannes, Peter, Henry, Catharena, Magdalene, Michael, George, Anna Maria, Margaret)]473 [family of John HUBLER of OK]474

John HUBLER (1751-??) had a son, John S. HUBLER (Sept. 4, 1823-Nov. 26, 1892) who married Barbara Lehr (??-??). They were among the first settlers at Berry (near Gorden) and had a large farm. One of the sons of John S. HUBLER (1832-1892) was John S. HUBLER, Jr. married Amelia Jane Dillman in 1852. Their daughter, Emma M. HUBLER, had an illegitimate son, Ethan Allen HUBLER, in 1885 (he was raised by John S. and Amelia Jane HUBLER), and he subsequently married Louisa Harriet Rebecca and had 7 children including Arthur HUBLER (who was the grandfather of Verna who supplied this information).475

Other HUBLERs ?

There is an Adam HUBLER mentioned in a history of Northampton County as part of a survey team building a road at Windy Gap in 1779.476 This was the right time and place to be a son of Jacob HUBLER, or the Adam Hoobler described above, or the account (made in 1845) may have misspelled the name, and it was Abram HUBLER instead.

Jacob HUBLER (Feb 1751 Canton Schwytz, Switz-Jun 30, 1822 Centre Co, PA) is a mystery. He is listed in one immigration source as immigrating to PA in 1763 maybe with his

68

THE HUBLER HISTORY

younger brother John HUBLER. Marcia Wilson, Alan Albright and Jim Grady (on the Internet) have more information. I assumed that one or both were from PA (see above).

Hublerville wsa a small community in northeast PA in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania in the mid-1800s. When the paper mills were built at Hublersville by the Koons brothers in about 1872, the name was changed to Huntington Mills. J. K. Hubler owned the store and mill for several years and the place bore his name. The post office was not established until some years after the name was changed to Huntington Mills.477

69

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811)

Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (Aug. 2478or Oct. 2,479 1742 PA-Dec. 19, 1811 Moore Twp, Northampton Co480) (c April 20, 1778, sponsors were Philip and Elizabeth FASS)481,482

Catharine ?? [?? Seyfried (see following)] 483 (??-1796) (m < 1772)John Jacob HUBLER (Apr. 30, 1772484- ??) (d young) [c June 7, 1772 at Dryland Luth,

Nazareth Twp, Northampton Co, PA; (the church began recording baptismal records in 1758),485 sponsors were Jacob FASS and Ana Maria Durr, single486,487]

Maria Catherine HUBLER (Sept. 18, 1775- ??) (c Dryland Ref Cong,Nov. 4, 1775; sponsors were Peter Ebenreuther and Dorothy FAS488)

John Jacob HUBLER (Dec. 11, 1777489- ??) (c Apr. 20, 1778 in Dryland Luth in Nazareth Twp, Northampton Co, PA.; sponsors were Philip FASS and wife Elizabeth)490,491 (called Jacob the Younger) (?m Susanna?)

Ruben HUBLER (b 1806) 492

Salome HUBLER (b 1806) 493 [also a Jacob HUBLER and Cartharina Moser sponsored a baptism (Peter Siegried, son of Aaron Siegfried and wife Susanna in 1805)494 and there were several German and Swiss Moser or Mosser immigrant, pioneer families in Northampton Co. There was a Catharina Moser who was born in 1779 in Northampton Co, the daughter of German immigants Paul

Moser and Maria Eva Becholt495]496

Abraham HUBLER (1779 PA- ??) (m Margaret PAUL)William Henrich HUBLER (Nov. 13, 1781497- ??) (c Dec. 25, 1781 in Christ Reformed,

Hanover Twp., Shoenersville, Lehigh Co, PA., sponsors were George Heinrich Hetael and Christina)498 (married Catherine PAUL, sister of Margaret PAUL)499,500,501

Christina HUBLER (Nov. 1, 1783502- ??) [c Nov. 16, 1783 in Christ Reformed Church, Shoenersville, Lehigh Co, PA; sponsors were George Heinrich Herzel

478Hartzel, Gloria. Genealogical History of John Huber from Berks Co, Pennsylvania.479Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg; in personal library.480Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated July 21, 1990.481Hartzel, Gloria. Genealogical History of John Huber from Berks Co, Pennsylvania.482 Dryland Church Records sent by Joanne Chubb (baseball@blast.net) on May 4, 1999.483 Eighteenth Century Records Schoeneck Moravian, sent by Susan Dreydopppel, Executive Director, Moravian Historical Society in Sept. 1887.484 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton Co 1733-1800. 1991. In CC Library.485 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton Co 1733-1800. 1991. In CC Library.486Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Oct. 9, 1990.487 Dryland Church Records sent by Joanne Chubb (baseball@blast.net) on May 4, 1999.488Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Oct. 9, 1990.489 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton Co 1733-1800. 1991. In CC Library.490Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Oct. 9, 1990.491 http://www.pa-roots.com/~lehigh/church/dryland.htm.492 Internet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/3955/lehegypt.htm).493 Internet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/3955/lehegypt.htm).494 Internet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/3955/lehegypt.htm).495 LDS Internet on Jan. 1, 2000.496 Internet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/3955/lehegypt.htm).497 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Lehigh Co 1734-1800. 1992. In CC Library.498Christ Ref. Cong., Shoenerville, Lehigh Co, PA.

70

THE HUBLER HISTORY

(Hartzell) and wife Christina503]Susanna HUBLER (Dec. 12, 1786504- ??) (c Jan. 28, 1787 in Dryland Luth in Nazareth

Twp, Northampton Co, PA; sponsors were Michael Stocker and Susanna Fochs, single)505, 506

Daniel HUBLER (Mar. 11, 1789507- ??) [c Mar. 18, 1789 at Jacob’s “place of business” in Plainfield by Brother Elerd Coordsen, pastor of Schoeneck Moravian Church; sponsors were Nicholas Seyfried and “the mother” Catharina Seyfried (see following note)]508,509

Christina Stenger (??-Moore Twp-Mar. 7, 1813) (2nd wife; no children; widow of Adam Stenger) (m 1799)510

Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) was the eldest son of Jacob HUBLER, Sr. (1710-1789), the immigrant of 1737. I know little of him. Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) was probably born in Plainfield Twp., Northampton Co, PA and died in Moore Twp, Northampton Co, PA. His family tree is above.511,512

The birth year of Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) is simply calculated from his death data. Since he was age 69-2-17513 when he died on Oct. 19, 1811, the calculated birth date of Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) would be Aug. 2, 1742 (but the date recorded by Sandwick514 was Oct. 2, 1742). No birth record has been found. Since his father [Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789)] immigrated to Pennsylvania in 1737, served an indenture term of about 4 years and settled in Northampton Co in about 1740, Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) was probably born at home in Jacobsburg, Northampton Co. Indentured workers were usually prohibited or at least dissuaded from getting married during their pay-back time, so his parents were either married immediately after his father’s term of indenture ended, or they never officially married. Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) was reared at the farm of his father in Jacobsburg.

After his marriage in about 1771, Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) moved to his own home in Plainfield Twp (maybe on his father’s farm) and probably worked on his father's farm. He did not own land. Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) stayed in Northampton Co all of his life. [After his father died in 1798, his widowed mother moved in with her son, Abraham HUBLER, Jacob HUBLER, Jr.’s (1742-1811) uncle in 1790 when Jacobsburg was sold.] Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) and his family lived in Plainfield Twp in March 1789 when his son, Daniel HUBLER, was christened “at his place of business in Plainfield, 2 little miles from Schoeneck,” and he is listed there in the 1790 Federal census. All of his children were born and raised in Plainfield Twp. He moved his family to Moore Twp (also in Northampton Co) in 1790 after Jacobsburg (his father died in May 1789) was sold, and he is recorded there on the 1800 census.

Problems with religion seemed to affect the HUBLER family ever since Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) was forced to emigrate from Switzerland by the state-recognized and only state-accepted religion, Reformed Lutheranism. All church records in America for the family of Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) have not been found, and religious events might never have been performed by or recorded by ordained clergy, including the birth, christening and marriage for Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811). However, Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) and Catharine ?? used at least three different churches for christening their children [Dryland Lutheran and Schoeneck Moravian churches in Northampton Co (he was not a Moravian even though he used Schoeneck Moravian church, where he was listed as a “non-parishioner” on the record of Daniel HUBLER515 in 1789) and Shoenersville in Lehigh Co (the same one that his sons, Jacob and Abraham HUBLER, used516,517)]. However, records of the chistening of his son, Abraham HUBLER (b 1779), have not been found. In about 1798, the widower, Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811), married for the 2nd time to Christina (maiden name unknown), the widow of Adam Stenger (a school teacher of Allen Twp who had his will administered on April 8, 1797).

Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) did not serve in the Revolutionary War, although his father and several siblings did. I do not know why—there is one account that refers to a Jacob HUBLER

71

THE HUBLER HISTORY

as being possibly disabled, but his disability did not affect his longevity (69 years) or the fact that he courted and remarried for a 2nd time in 1799 at the age of 52.

Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) left his eldest son, Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811), all the legacies he had to receive (but had been unable to collect) from the estate of his father, Hans Jacob "Hoobler" of Germany (sic, really Switzerland).518,519,520 [The translation521 of the correspondence from Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) indicates that “the fortune” that he was to receive from his “defunct father” “in Germany or elsewhere” might imply a foreign (? German) or widespread legacy.] It is likely that his father, Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789), knew or suspected all along that his foes in Twann would never release anything to him while he was alive, probably because of his history of religious disparity; however, after he was dead, his son, Jacob HUBLER (1742-1811), would be freed from the animosity, and the estate would become unencompered, and Twann would release the money. That scenario might explain why Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789) willed more or less equal portions of his estate to each of his sons, except to his oldest son, Jacob HUBLLER (1742-1811), to whom he left his uncollected inheritance. Swiss authorities in Bern eventually ordered the intransigent officials in Twann to release the estate. The estate in Switzerland of 400 crowns was finally settled by Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) in 1792 [see discussion of the will under Jacob HUBLER (1710-1789)]. The Swiss did not have a “crown” in their monetary system at that time, so the value of the estate was expressed in the currency of another country522 (probably the British crown) or an English translation of one of the several currencies used in Switzerland at that time. Many countries minted crowns; the British crown (a silver coin) was worth 5 shillings, or 1/4 of a pound, so the estate was possibly worth about 100 pounds, which was similar to the amount, willed to his siblings by his father. (I do not know what a Swiss crown was worth in today’s money, but probably $200 to $1,000.)523 Apparently, the value of the estate of Hans Jacob HUBLER (1680-1751) when he died in 1731 was 400 Kronen (crowns), and it was all money (not land, house or vineyard). Because of wise investment, inflation and increasing interest, the accrued value by the time it was released to Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) sixty years later was 600 Kronen (crowns).524 The value today might be about $10,000-$15,000.525

According to the will of Jacob HUBLER, Jr.'s (1742-1811) mother, Barbara ?? HUBLER (ca 1725-1796), she left only 1 lb. to each of her sons (Jacob, Frederick, Gottlieb and John).526,527,528 Interestingly, she listed her daughters, but she left paltry to her sons except Abraham HUBLER (1761-1838). I postulate that she was living with her son, Abraham HUBLER (1761-1831), in Lower Mt. Bethel Twp. The federal census of 1790 (the first taken) does not list Barbara ?? HUBLER in Northampton Co,529 so she had already moved; however, I postulate that after Jacob HUBLER (1711-1789) died, she lived with her son, Abraham HUBLER (1761-1831), in Plainfield [the 1790 Federal Census indicates that 2 females lived with Abraham HUBLER (1761-1831), and they were probably his wife and mother since his daughters were not born yet];530 and when Barbara ?? HUBLER (ca 1725-1795) died in 1795, she was living with her son Abraham HUBLER (1761-1831) in Lower Mt. Bethel Twp.

Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) died on Oct. 19, 1811 in Moore Twp, Northampton Co at age 69 years, the result of falling from a tree nine days earlier.531 After Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) died, his widow and second wife, Christina, renounced her right to administer the will and passed the responsibility to her step-son, Jacob HUBLER the Younger (b 1777) of South Whitehall Twp, Northampton Co.532 Jacob the Younger (1777-??) was the second John Jacob HUBLER.533,534 It was the custom of the day in Germanic immigrants that if a child died in infancy, the parents would name the very next child of the same sex the same name (a practice that confounds genealogists following family lines that may be very confusing and circuitous).

Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) of Moore Twp was listed as a "laborer" in his will administration in 1811.535,536 He died intestate, and the inventory produced by his administrator and oldest son, Jacob HUBLER "the Younger," listed only modest holdings. There was no land, but many articles showed the trappings of a farmer or tenet farmer, such as, 10 beehives, farm implements and some farm animals (horses and cows). Interestingly, he also had a spinning wheel and several bushels of flax.537 His son, Abraham HUBLER (b 1779), who had moved to

72

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Northumberland Co in 1800 was a "weaver" and undoubtedly learned his trade at home [his grandson, Moses HUBLER (1842-1855), and his great-grandson, James Newberry HUBLER, also became weavers]. Certainly, Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) was not a rich man when he died. He may have given any wealth that he inherited from his father to his children earlier, but it seems his Switzerland estate was less than he had hoped.

Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) married Catherine on Nov. 23, 1805. Almost nothing is known about Catharine ?? (??-1796). Her maiden name is not known but might have been Seyfried since when their son, Daniel, was christened; “Nicolaus Seyfried and the mother Catharina Seyfied” sponsored the event. The identity of “the mother” could have referred to the mother of Nicolaus Seyfried, but the notation could have identified Catharina Seyfried as “his” mother; however, she could have the mother of the infant, Daniel HUBLER, [and thus the wife of Jacob HUBLER (1742-1811)], especially since it is known that the given name of the wife of Jacob HUBLER (1742-1789) was Catharina. It is interesting to note that the first name of Catharine HUBLER in the church christening record was illegible, and so it was simply transcribed as “-----.”538 Catherine HUBLER died in 1796. She was the mother of my ancestor, Abraham HUBLER (b 1779), as well as, all of the known children of Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811). She married Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) sometime before 1772 since they had a child (John Jacob HUBLER) in 1772. There was an error in the book Jacobsburg, about the marriage date, and Charles Sandwick corrected that in a letter to me.539 Catherine ?? (??-1796) died prior to 1796 because Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811), a widower, married a widow, Christina Stenger in 1799.

73

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The Federal Census of 1790 (no Twp) [with annotations] for Jacob HUBLER:1 male > 16 [Jacob (1742-1811)] = 474 males < 16 [John Jacob-the 2nd (1777- ??) = 12, Abraham (1779- ??) = 10,

William Heinrich (1781- ??) = 8, Daniel (1789- ??) = 1] [John Jacob-the 1st (1772- ??) had died]

4 females [Catharine = 45, Catharine (1775- ??) = 15, Christina (1783- ??) = 7, Susanna (1786- ??) = 3]

The Federal Census of 1800 (Moore Twp) [with annotations] for Jacob HUBLER:1 male > 45 [Jacob (1742-1811) = 58]1 female >45 [Christina (2nd wife)]2 female 16-26 [Christina (1783- ??) = 17, Susanna (1786) = 13]

[Abraham (1779- ??) = 20 (had moved to Hanover Twp,. see below); Jacob (1777- ??) = 22 (was missing and probably had his own household); Catherine (1775- ??) = 25 was missing and probably married)]

74

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Abraham Hubler (1779-ca 1835)

Abraham HUBLER (1779 Northampton Co, PA- ?? OH)Anna Margareth (Margaret) PAUL (Sept. 18, 1780 Northampton Co, PA- ?? OH)

? Unidentified female HUBLER (1798- < 1810540)

Elizabeth HUBLER (Feb. 28, 1799 Northampton Co, PA541 - ??) (c Mar. 31, 1799 Shoenersville, Lehigh Co, PA)542 (? m John Becker)

Jacob HUBLER (Oct. 19, 1800 Lehigh Co543-July 4, 1867 Graham Twp, Clearfield Co)544,545 (c Nov. 29, 1800/1802, Shoenersville, Hanover Twp, Lehigh

Co)546 (m Susanna Smeal)547,548,549 [Donna Unch]550

Amos HUBLER (Jul 8, 1822 Decatur Twp, Centre Co, PA-1906)551, 552 (m Susanna Woolstegal) 553 (was on a prisoner list in 1865) 554 (In 1850, he had his own household in the census in Morris Twp, Clearfield Co, PA with his wife, Susanna, and son, George; he was 28, a farmer and lived next door to a Smeal clan) 555 (he was a farmer, coal miner and owned 213 acres) 556

George W. HUBLER (1848-1933) (m Ellen Sureal) 557

Mary Ann HUBLER (1850-1932) 558 (m Oliver Frazer of Clearfield Co, PA) 559,560

Martha HUBLER (1857-1904) 561 (m George Coble) 562

Levi HUBLER (Feb 25, 1824- 1909)563, 564 (m Nancy Landsberry)565 (above) 566 (In 1850, he was single, living with his parents and was 26) 567 (bur Fairview Cemetery, Clearfield Co, PA) 568 (he was farmer and owned 230 acres) 569

5401810 Federal census.541 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Lehigh County 1734-1800. 1992. In CC Library.542 IGI Morman Church, from original source, Feb. 14, 1990.543 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Lehigh County 1734-1800. 1992. In CC Library.544 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.545 E-mail Shirley (Mrs. Marvin Richard) Landry (Momtroll@aol.com) onJan. 5, 1999.546 IGI Morman Church, from original source, Feb. 14, 1990.547 E-mail from Linda Guerrieri (guerr@erols.com) on Nov. 24, 1997.548 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.549 E-mail from Loretta Johnson (Johnsou@aol.com) on Nov. 22, 1999, citing internet source without corraberation.550 E-mail in Nov. 1997 (dunch@jane.penn.com).551 Intenet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/2300/susannah.html).552 GED from Shirley Landry.6 Lemonick, Michael and Dorfman, Andrea. “Up From The Apes” in Time, Aug. 23, 1999.11Langer, William L. An Encyclopedia of World History. In personal library.12Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, in 1991.13 Letter from Emil Saurer, Wingeis 278, 2513 Twann.14Currier-Briggs, NoeL. Worldwide Family History. In personal library.15Langer, William L. An Encyclopedia of World History. In personal library.16 History Magazine, April/May 2001, pg. 13.17Currier-Briggs, NoeL. Worldwide Family History.24Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996. 25Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996. 26IGI Mormon Church, 1988.27Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Dec. 1, 1993.28Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, Oct. 1992; copies of records; copy in file.29Letter from Max Christoph Naumann, professional genealogist, Bern, Switzerland, dated Nov. 5, 1991.

75

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Frank HUBLER (1853-1941) 570 (m Bertha Bumberger) 571

Anna HUBLER (1855-1936) 572 (m William Narehood) 573

Jane HUBLER (1857-1930) 574 (m Isaac Knepp) 575

James Clark HUBLER (1859-1933) 576 (m Martha Maines) 577

Edna HUBLER (1881-1888)578

Mary Maud HUBLER (1883-1912)579

Frances HUBLER (1886-1960)580

John HUBLER (1888-1959) 581 (m Anna Turner) 582

Jean HUBLER (1915-1994) (m Mr. Carr) [Jean Hubler Carr]583

Nancy HUBLER Carr (m Mr. Roberto)Bert HUBLER (1890-1978) 584

30Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, Oct. 1992; copies of records; copy in file.31IGI Mormon Church, Corpus Christi, TX, 1990.32 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.33 Letter from Emil Saurer, Wingreis 278, CH 2513 Twann, Switzerland, October, 1995.34 Letter from Emil Saurer, Wingreis 278, CH 2513 Twann, Switzerland, October, 1995.35 Letter from Emil Saurer, Wingreis 278, CH 2513 Twann, Switzerland, October, 1995.36Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, Sept. 12, 1991.37 Data mailed to me by Heinz Hubler via snail mail (1230 First St., Monterrey, CA 93940) collected by Fred J. Wysard and dated March 1970.38Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996. 39 Data mailed to me by Heinz Hubler via snail mail (1230 First St., Monterrey, CA 93940) collected by Fred J. Wysard and dated March 1970.40Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996. 41 Data mailed to me by Heinz Hubler via snail mail (1230 First St., Monterrey, CA 93940) collected by Fred J. Wysard and dated March 1970.42Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, Oct. 1992; copies of records; copy in file.43 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.44Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Dec. 1, 1993.45 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.46 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.47Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Dec. 1, 1993.48Faust, Albert Bernhardt. List of Swiss Immigrants in the Eighteenth Century to American Colonies, voL. 1, 1733-1744. Copies sent to me by Charles Sandwick, Sr. and R. Steven NEWBERRY in 1990 and is in Clayton Genealogical Library, Houston, TX and CC Library.49 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.50 Letter from Emil Saurer, Wingreis 278, CH 2513 Twann, Switzerland, October, 1995.51Faust, Albert Bernhardt. List of Swiss Immigrants in the Eighteenth Century to American Colonies, voL. 1, 1733-1744. Copies sent to me by Charles Sandwick, Sr. and R. Steven NEWBERRY in 1990 and is in Clayton Genealogical Library, Houston, TX and the CC Library.52 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.53 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.54Faust, Albert Bernhardt. List of Swiss Immigrants in the Eighteenth Century to American Colonies, voL. 1, 1733-1744. Copies sent to me by Charles Sandwick, Sr. and R. Steven NEWBERRY in 1990 and is in Clayton Genealogical Library, Houston, TX and CC Library.55 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.56IGI Mormon Church, 1988.57 Letters found in the Twann archives in Oct. 1995, in a letter from Emil Saurer, Wingreis 278, CH 2513, Twann, Switzerland.58Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Dec. 1993.59IGI Mormon Church, 1988; in CC church library.

76

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Howard HUBLER (1893-1955) 585

Robert HUBLER (1902-1977) 586

Wynne HUBLER (1905- ??) 587

Flora HUBLER (1861- ??) 588 (m Ed Kramer) 589

Henrietta HUBLER (1863-1919) 590(m David Walker) 591

Ida HUBLER (1867-1954) 592 (m Charles English) 593

Wallace HUBLER (1869-1932) 594 (m Letitia Williams) )595 [Ancestoral line of Melanie Holtz]

Mary Maud HUBLER (1872-1880) 596

Otis Mitchell HUBLER (1876-1880) 597

Eliza HUBLER (Jan 15, 1829-Feb 22, 1892598,599,600/1904) (m Webster Hoover) 601

Commodore Hoover (1876-1951) (m Effie Hummel)602

Mary Jane Hoover (1854-1934) 603

Charles Hoover 604

John Hoover605

R. Curtis Hoover606

60 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.61 Church family summary sheets from Twann, copies sent by Heinz Hubler, 1230 First St., Monterey, CA 93940.76IGI Mormon Church, 1988.96Rupp, Isreal DanieL. History of Northampton, Lehigh, Monroe, Carbon and Schuykill Counties. 1845. Obtained from CC Interlibrary loan system, Nov., 1991.97Rice, Arnold, et aL. United States History to 1877; in personal library.98Rupp, Isreal DanieL. History of Northampton, Lehigh, Monroe, Carbon and Schuykill Counties. 1845. Obtained from CC Interlibrary loan system, Nov., 1991.99 Internet (http://www.rootsweb.com/~panortha/history.htm).100 Moravian Historical Society, 214 East Center Street, Nazareth, PA 18064; (610)759-5070; http://www.NazarethToday.com/MHS/.101 Memories of Old Nazareth: Stories of a German-American Moravian Village, 1740-1860 compiled by John Woolf Jordan, edited by Donald R. Repsher; given to me by Jim Wilson, Jacobsburg Historical Society in 2001.102 Memories of Old Nazareth: Stories of a German-American Moravian Village, 1740-1860 compiled by John Woolf Jordan, edited by Donald R. Repsher; given to me by Jim Wilson, Jacobsburg Historical Society in 2001.103 Moravian Historical Society, 214 East Center Street, Nazareth, PA 18064; (610)759-5070; http://www.NazarethToday.com/MHS/.1041790 Federal Census.105 Anniversary History of Lehigh County Volume I. Compiled by Wilbur L. King (http://www.pa-roots.com/~lehigh/places/hanover.htm).106 Anniversary History of Lehigh County Volume I. Compiled by Wilbur L. King (http://www.pa-roots.com/~lehigh/places/hanover.htm).107 Memories of Old Nazareth: Stories of a German-American Moravian Village, 1740-1860 compiled by John Woolf Jordan, edited by Donald R. Repsher; given to me by Jim Wilson, Jacobsburg Historical Society in 2001.108 Salinger, Sharon V. “To serve well and faithfully” Labor and indedentured servants in Pennsylvania, 1682-1800. Ordered through CC Library ILL, May 1996.109 Smith, Abbot Emerson. Colonists in Bondage: White servatude and convict labor in America, 1607-1776. Ordered though CC Library ILL, May 1996.110 Memories of Old Nazareth: Stories of a German-American Moravian Village, 1740-1860 compiled by John Woolf Jordan, edited by Donald R. Repsher; given to me by Jim Wilson, Jacobsburg Historical Society in 2001.111 http://www.hoobler.com/newpage19.htm, April 14, 2001.

77

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Samuel Hoover607

Nora Hoover608

Lavina HUBLER (Ap 7, 1829-Mar 1, 1898) 609,610 (bur Mar 4, 1898 in Palestine Cem, Clearfield, PA) 611 (m George Narehood) 612,613

Mary Ellen Narehood614 (m Ansetta Rhone615 or Anderson Conaway) 616

[Ancestoral line of Nancy Taylor]William Bigler Narehood (m Nettis Rhone)617

Frances A. Narehood (m ? Hoover)618

Amanda Narehood (m Alex Conawat)619

Sara J. Narehood (m DW Damey)620

Lilly Jane Narehood (m ? Kestler)621

Anna Adella Narehood (m Francis Crowell)622

112 Memories of Old Nazareth: Stories of a German-American Moravian Village, 1740-1860 compiled by John Woolf Jordan, edited by Donald R. Repsher; given to me by Jim Wilson, Jacobsburg Historical Society in 2001.113 Memories of Old Nazareth: Stories of a German-American Moravian Village, 1740-1860 compiled by John Woolf Jordan, edited by Donald R. Repsher; given to me by Jim Wilson, Jacobsburg Historical Society in 2001.114 Memories of Old Nazareth: Stories of a German-American Moravian Village, 1740-1860 compiled by John Woolf Jordan, edited by Donald R. Repsher; given to me by Jim Wilson, Jacobsburg Historical Society in 2001.115 Smith, Abbot Emerson. Colonists in Bondage: White servatude and convict labor in America, 1607-1776. Ordered though CC Library ILL, May 1996.116 Memories of Old Nazareth: Stories of a German-American Moravian Village, 1740-1860 compiled by John Woolf Jordan, edited by Donald R. Repsher; given to me by Jim Wilson, Jacobsburg Historical Society in 2001.117 Memories of Old Nazareth: Stories of a German-American Moravian Village, 1740-1860 compiled by John Woolf Jordan, edited by Donald R. Repsher; given to me by Jim Wilson, Jacobsburg Historical Society in 2001.118 Memories of Old Nazareth: Stories of a German-American Moravian Village, 1740-1860 compiled by John Woolf Jordan, edited by Donald R. Repsher; given to me by Jim Wilson, Jacobsburg Historical Society in 2001.119 Memories of Old Nazareth: Stories of a German-American Moravian Village, 1740-1860 compiled by John Woolf Jordan, edited by Donald R. Repsher; given to me by Jim Wilson, Jacobsburg Historical Society in 2001.120 Smith, Abbot Emerson. Colonists in Bondage: White servatude and convict labor in America, 1607-1776. Ordered though CC Library ILL, May 1996.121 Memories of Old Nazareth: Stories of a German-American Moravian Village, 1740-1860 compiled by John Woolf Jordan, edited by Donald R. Repsher; given to me by Jim Wilson, Jacobsburg Historical Society in 2001.122 Mittelberger, Gottlieb. On the Misfortune of Indentured Servants, 1754. Obtained via the Internet on April 18, 1996—http://grid.llet.rug.nl.documents/gottlieb.html.123 Mittelberger, Gottlieb. On the Misfortune of Indentured Servants, 1754. Obtained via the Internet on April 18, 1996—http://grid.llet.rug.nl.documents/gottlieb.html.124 Letter from Dorothy (Mrs. Russell) Mahan, Rt. 2, Box 36, Willard, MO 65781, dated July 15, 1990; she is a direct descendant of John/Catharine of Union Co, PA.125Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. Book bought from Northhampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, March, 1990, but Mr. Sandwick and I corresponded for years; the book and many letters from him are in personal file.126Daughters of American Revolution membership application on Jacob HUBLER, dated 1927; obtained from Virginia Yarnell; in personal file.127IGI Mormon Church, Corpus Christi.

78

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Orin Manning Narehood623

Alicia Melinda Narehood (b 1868) (twin) (m James Crowell)624

Agnes Matilda Narehood (b 1868) (twin)625

Effie Augusta Narehood (m Ernest Cole)626

Harry Blanchard Narehood (m Pearl Thompson)627

Mary Ann HUBLER (1831-1898) 628 (m Mr. David Frazier629 of Clearfield Co, PA—different from the Frazer above)630 (In 1850, she was single, living with her parents and 19) 631

Oliver Frazier632

Obed Frazier633

Susanna Frazier634

Rebecca Frzier635

128Northampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, Jane Moyer, Librarian, Fall, 1985; two type written pages; obtained from Virginia Yarnell; in personal file.129Daughter of American Revolution application, dated 1922; in personal file.130 Estate papers of Jacob HUBLER (husband of Margaret) dated Jan. 26, 1841.131 Estate papers of Jacob HUBLER (husband of Margaret) dated Jan. 26, 1841.132 Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg; in personal library.133 Harzell, Gloria. Genealogical History of John Huber from Berks Co, Pennsylvania, and his Descendants with Related Families (1751-1983); in letter from Virginia Yarnell, dated Feb. 22, 1990; see several letters with Ms. Hartzell in personal file.134 Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Oct. 9, 1990; in personal file.135 Internet (http://wwwebit.com/stallwood/harding/d0003/g0000049.html#I3381).136 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton Co 1733-1800. 1991. In CC Library.137 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton Co 1733-1800. 1991. In CC Library.138 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton Co 1733-1800. 1991. In CC Library.139 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton Co 1733-1800. 1991. In CC Library.140 The Lineage Books from the Daughters of the American Revolution. File from Helen Shimer Carpinter, ID # 34271.141 Letter from Charles Sandwick datedSept. 10, 1990.142Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996. 143Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Nov., 1992.144IGI Mormon Church, CC.145Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Nov., 1992.146 Chorzempa , Rosemary A. Polish Roots, from the Internet on June 21, 1997 (tdg@erols.com).147 Intrnet Twann site, in German.148 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.149 Letter from Emil Saurer, Wingreis 278, CH 2513 Twann, Switzerland, October, 1995.150 Letter from Emil Saurer, Wingreis 278, CH 2513 Twann, Switzerland, October, 1995.151 Letter from Emil Saurer, Wingreis 278, CH 2513 Twann, Switzerland, October, 1995.152 The Moravian Hisorical Society.153 Family Chronicle Magazine, Nov/Dec 1999, p 21.154 Information obtained from the Moravian Church on the Internet (http://www.moravian.org) on July 22, 1997.155 Information obtained from the Moravian Church on the Internet (http://www.moravian.org) on July 22, 1997.156 Information obtained from the Moravian Church on the Internet (http://www.moravian.org) on July 22, 1997.157 Family Chronicle Magazine, Nov/Dec 1999, p 21.158 Information obtained from the Moravian Church on the Internet (http://www.moravian.org) on July 22, 1997.159Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Nov., 1992.

79

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Alex Frazier636

Andrew Jackson “Jack” HUBLER (1833-1899) 637,638 (m Susanna Cramer)639, 640,641

(In 1850, he was living with his parents) 642

Henen Landis HUBLER (1856-1937)643 (m Mary Jane Hoover) 644,645 Jeannie HUBLER (1876-1959) 646,647

Charles Paul HUBLER (1879-1943) 648

Roy Rolin HUBLER (1880-1967) 649

[Andrew Jackson HUBLER-Glori HUBLER Hand (b 1960)Leander HUBLER (1860-1898) 650,651 (m Anna Katherine Record) 652

Luther Hubler (1889-1968) 653 (m Alice Bolton; 8 children) 654

Arthur William Hubler [anestryl lne of Kym] 655

Della HUBLER656

160 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.161 Family Chronicle Magazine, Nov/Dec 1999, p 21.162 Family Chronicle Magazine, Nov/Dec 1999, p 21.163 Family Chronicle Magazine, Nov/Dec 1999, p 21.164 Clemens, Susan Wombell. History of Peace-Tohickon Evangelical Lutheran Church, 1992 (http://www.peace-tohickon.org/1743.htm)165 Historian of the Moravian Church, Nazareth, PA. Sept. 1997.166 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.167 Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996.168 Rupp, DanieL. A Collection of 30,000 Names of German, Swiss, Dutch, French Immigrants in America from 1727-1776, page 107; information sent to author by Donald R. Repsher, 3 Spruce Court, Hickory Hills, Bath, PA 18014-2127, dated Oct. 15, 1996.169 Rupp, DanieL. A Collection of 30,000 Names of German, Swiss, Dutch, French Immigrants in America from 1727-1776, page 107; information sent to author by Donald R. Repsher, 3 Spruce Court, Hickory Hills, Bath, PA 18014-2127, dated Oct. 15, 1996.170Filby, P. William, Meyer, Mary K. Passenger and Immigration List Index. CC Library.171Egle, William H. Oath of Allegiance. In CC Library.172A Collection of Thirty Thousand Names of Germans, Swiss and Other Immigrants , page 100; in personal file.173Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. Book bought from Northhampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, March, 1990, but Mr. Sandwick and I corresponded for years; the book and many letters from him are in personal file.174Northampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, Jane Moyer, Librarian, Fall, 1985; two type written pages; obtained from Virginia Yarnell; in personal file.175 Strassburger, R.E. Pennsylvania German Pioneers. VoL. 1, Lists 46A, B and C, p 176-178.176Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. Book bought from Northhampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, March, 1990, but Mr. Sandwick and I corresponded for years; the book and many letters from him are in personal file.177 Strassburger, R.E. Pennsylvania German Pioneers. VoL. 1, Lists 46A, B and C, p 176-178.178Faust, Albert B. Lists of Swiss Emigrants in the 18 th Century , vol 2, page 52; information sent to author by Donald R. Repsher, 3 Spruce Court, Hickory Hills, Bath, PA 18014-2127, dated Oct. 15, 1996.179 Letter from Emil Saurer, Wingreis 278, CH 2513 Twann, Switzerland, October, 1995.180 On line letter from Myra Gormley in answer to my request for information on Prodigy on 11/10/95.181 Letters in Nov. 1995 and Jan. 1996.182 Salinger, Sharon V. “To serve well and faithfully” Labor and indedentured servants in Pennsylvania, 1682-1800. Ordered through CC Library ILL.183 Humphrey, John T. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton County 1733-1800.184 Humphrey, John T. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton County 1733-1800.185 Humphrey, John T. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton County 1733-1800.186 Humphrey, John T. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton County 1733-1800.

80

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Elsie HUBLER657

Catherine Jane HUBLER (Feb 8, 1835 Graham Twp, Clearfield Co-Nov. 26, 1888 Thomas, WV) 658,659 (bur Rosehill Cemetery, Thomas, WV) 660

(m Jacob Pace) (In 1850, she was 15) 661

George Washington Pace (1856-1936) 662,663 (m Margaret Ann Mullenax)664

Levi Hubler Pace (Nov. 26, 1857-Nov. 24, 1939) 665 (m Mary Elizabeth Mueller)666

William Henry Pace (Dec. 31, 1883-Jan. 17, 1966 (m Blanche Mabel Troutman)667

Helen Joyce Pace (m Ellis Ashby, Sr.) 668

Linda Joyce Ashby (? m Guerrieri) [Linda (Lyn) Ashby Guerrieri]669

187 Humphrey, John T. Pennsylvania Births: Lehigh County 1734-1800.188 Henry, Mathew S. Manuscript History of Northampton County.189 Henry, Mathew S. Manuscript History of Northampton County.190Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. Book bought from Northhampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, March, 1990, but Mr. Sandwick and I corresponded for years; the book and many letters from him are in personal file.191 Henry, Matthew S. Histoy of Northampton County. 1853. Sited in Jacobsburg by Charles Sandwick.192 http://www.NazarethToday.com/MHS/Virtual%20historic%20nazareth.htm.193 Memories of Old Nazareth: Stories of a German-American Moravian Village, 1740-1860 compiled by John Woolf Jordan, edited by Donald R. Repsher; given to me by Jim Wilson, Jacobsburg Historical Society in 2001.194 Memories of Old Nazareth: Stories of a German-American Moravian Village, 1740-1860 compiled by John Woolf Jordan, edited by Donald R. Repsher; given to me by Jim Wilson, Jacobsburg Historical Society in 2001.195 Data purchased from Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in Jan. 1998.196 Data purchased from Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in Jan. 1998.197 Data purchased from Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in Jan. 1998.198 Data purchased from Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in Jan. 1998.199 Data purchased from Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in Jan. 1998.200Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. Book bought from Northhampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, March, 1990, but Mr. Sandwick and I corresponded for years; the book and many letters from him are in personal file.201Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. Book bought from Northhampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, March, 1990, but Mr. Sandwick and I corresponded for years; the book and many letters from him are in personal file.202 Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. 1985.203 Letter from Lucillle Mehkham (1070 Gardenia Dr., Houston, TX 7018) on Dec. 11, 1995.204Faust, Albert Bernhardt. Lists of Swiss Emigrants in the Eighteenth Century to the American Colonies; in Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.205Faust, Albert Bernhardt. Lists of Swiss Emigrants in the Eighteenth Century to the American Colonies; in Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.206Faust, Albert Bernhardt. Lists of Swiss Emigrants in the Eighteenth Century to the American Colonies; in Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.207Faust, Albert Bernhardt. Lists of Swiss Emigrants in the Eighteenth Century to the American Colonies; in Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.

81

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Slyvester Pace (1909-1909) 670

Zelda Blanche Pase (b 1910) (m Robert Roy Seaman) 671

Shirley Jean Seaman (b 1937) (m Martin Richard Landry) (3 children) [Shirley Landry] 672

Amos Mortimer Pace (1860- ??) 673

Andrew Pace (1863- ??) 674

Oscar Pace (1865- ??) 675

Amanda Pace (1867- ??) 676

Lavina Pace ( 1869-1936) 677 (m John Luzier)678

William Henry HUBLER (1837-1912) 679 (m Barbara Narehood)680 (In 1850, was 13 and called “Henry”) 681

Alice A. HUBLER (1860-1871) 682

Clara HUBLER (1861-1892) 683 (m A.G. Rothrock) 684

208 Letter from Emil Saurer, Wingreis 278, CH 2513 Twann, Switzerland, October, 1995.209 Letter from Emil Saurer, Wingreis 278, CH 2513 Twann, Switzerland, October, 1995.210 Letter from Emil Saurer, Wingreis 278, CH 2513 Twann, Switzerland, October, 1995.211 Letter from Emil Saurer, Wingreis 278, CH 2513 Twann, Switzerland, October, 1995.212 Letter from Emil Saurer, Wingreis 278, CH 2513 Twann, Switzerland, October, 1995.213Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Jan. 14, 1991; in personal file.214HUBLER Family; Northampton County Historical Society, Easton, Pennsylvania, Jane Moyer, Librarian, 1958; in personal file.215Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. Book bought from Northhampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, March, 1990, but Mr. Sandwick and I corresponded for years; the book and many letters from him are in personal file.216 Memories of Old Nazareth: Stories of a German-American Moravian Village, 1740-1860 compiled by John Woolf Jordan, edited by Donald R. Repsher; given to me by Jim Wilson, Jacobsburg Historical Society in 2001.217Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. Book bought from Northhampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, March, 1990, but Mr. Sandwick and I corresponded for years; the book and many letters from him are in personal file.218 E-mail from Justin Dunkle (jdunkle@csrlink.net) on ov. 15, 1998.219 Letter from Emil Saurer, Wingreis 278, CH 2513 Twann, Switzerland, October, 1995.220Northampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, Jane Moyer, Librarian, Fall, 1985; two type written pages; obtained from Virginia Yarnell; in personal file.221Strassburger, R.E. Pennsylvania German Pioneers, voL. I, p 176-178, lists 46A, B & C.222Sandwick, Charles. Jacobsburg; in personal file.223DAR Patriot Index ; CC Library.224Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. Book bought from Northhampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, March, 1990, but Mr. Sandwick and I corresponded for years; the book and many letters from him are in personal file.225DAR application on Jacob HUBLER, dated 1927; copy obtained from Virginia Yarnell, reference sited: Pennsylvania Archives Second Series, voL. 14, p 597; DAR # 214398.226 Nancy Hendrickson, “The County Store” in HistoryMagazine, April/May 2000.227 Nancy Hendrickson, “The County Store” in HistoryMagazine, April/May 2000.228 Nancy Hendrickson, “The County Store” in HistoryMagazine, April/May 2000.229 E-mail from Justin Dunkle (jdunkle@csrlink.net) on ov. 15, 1998.230 E-mail from Justin Dunkle (jdunkle@csrlink.net) on ov. 15, 1998.231Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. Book bought from Northhampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, March, 1990, but Mr. Sandwick and I corresponded for years; the book and many letters from him are in personal file.232Faust, Albert Bernhardt. Lists of Swiss Emigrants in the Eighteenth Century to the American Colonies; in Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.

82

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Tillie HUBLER (1863-1888) 685 (m Isaac Pace) 686

Wilmer HUBLER (1865-1937) 687 (m Alta Crowell) 688

Oliver Aaron HUBLER (Sep 5, 1839-Jan 24, 1889)689,690,691 (m Eliza Jane Sureal)692 (In 1850, he was recorded as “Aaron” age 11) 693 (wasfarmer and owned 90 acres) 694 (bur Fairview Cemetery,Clearfield Co, PA) 695

Emmitt HUBLER (1867- ??) 696

Ella HUBLER (1868-1935) 697 (m Sylvester Green) 698

Sara HUBLER (1870-1892) 699

Roxanna HUBLER (1871-1939) 700 (m Archie Sureal) 701

Reed HUBLER (1873- ??) 702

Agnes HUBLER703

233Faust, Albert Bernhardt. Lists of Swiss Emigrants in the Eighteenth Century to the American Colonies; in Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.234 GRS Genealogy Newsletter on e-kmail, January 1998.235 Copy of original will of Jacob Hubler by Eric White in 1972; copy supplied by Lucille Mehrkam (1070 Gardenia Dr., Houston, T 77018) on Dec. 11, 1995. 236Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg; in personal library.237Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. Book bought from Northhampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, March, 1990, but Mr. Sandwick and I corresponded for years; the book and many letters from him are in personal file.238 Family Chronicle. Sept 1999.239Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. Book bought from Northhampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, March, 1990, but Mr. Sandwick and I corresponded for years; the book and many letters from him are in personal file.240Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. Book bought from Northhampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, March, 1990, but Mr. Sandwick and I corresponded for years; the book and many letters from him are in personal file.241Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. Book bought from Northhampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, March, 1990, but Mr. Sandwick and I corresponded for years; the book and many letters from him are in personal file.242 Information sent to author by Donald R. Repsher, 3 Spruce Court, Hickory Hills, Bath, PA 18014-2127, dated Sept 28, 1996243Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. Book bought from Northhampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, March, 1990, but Mr. Sandwick and I corresponded for years; the book and many letters from him are in personal file.244Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg. Book bought from Northhampton Historical Society, Easton, PA, March, 1990, but Mr. Sandwick and I corresponded for years; the book and many letters from him are in personal file.245Several pamphlets and maps of Jacobsburg.246Wright, James and Linda. Place Names in Northampton County, Pennsylvania; copy sent to me by the Northampton County Historical Society on April 10, 1990; in personal file.247 Geological survey from Internet on June 26, 1997 (http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/gnis/gnisform.html).248 http://genforum.genealogy.com/hubler/messages/1.html.249 http://genforum.genealogy.com/hubler/messages/9.html.250 Alvin Kent Swonger, 1280 Gilbert Stuart Rd., Saunderstown, RI 02874, A-United States , AKS@URI.EDU; April 10, 2001.251 Humphrey, John T, Pennsylvania Births: Northampton County 1733-1800. In CC Library.252 Strassburger, R.E. Pennsylvania German Pioneers. VoL. 1, Lists 46A, B and C, p 176-178.253 E-mail from Cindy (DAVCINEWA@aol.com) dated Jan. 1998.254Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Jan. 14, 1991; in personal file.255Hartzell, Gloria. Genealogical History of John Huber of Berks County, Pennsylvania; in personal file.

83

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Bertha HUBLER704

Walter HUBLER705

Florence HUBLER706

Victor HUBLER707

Edna HUBLER708

Susan Elizabeth HUBLER (1846-1880)709,710, 711 (m George Hall) 712,713

(In 1850, was 6 and is listed as “Susannah A.”) 714

Alvin Hall715

Ella Hall716

Agnes Hall717

Carrie Hall718

Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) (m Sara NEWBERRY) (see following)256Will Abstracts of Northampton County ; in personal file.257HUBLER Family, Northampton County Historical Society, Jane Moyer, Librarian, 1985; in personal file.258 Copy of original will of Jacob Hubler by Eric White in 1972; copy supplied by Lucille Mehrkam (1070 Gardenia Dr., Houston, T 77018) on Dec. 11, 1995.259 Copy of original will of Jacob Hubler by Eric White in 1972; copy supplied by Lucille Mehrkam (1070 Gardenia Dr., Houston, T 77018) on Dec. 11, 1995.260 Copy of original will of Jacob Hubler by Eric White in 1972; copy supplied by Lucille Mehrkam (1070 Gardenia Dr., Houston, T 77018) on Dec. 11, 1995.2611790 Federal Census.262 http://genforum.genealogy.com/hubler/messages/1.html.263 Pennsylvania Archives. Third Series, Vol 19, Plainfild Twp, p 64.264 E-mail from Susan Canney dated Aug. 20, 1997 (Canney@msn.com).265 Pennsylvania Archives. Third Series, Vol 19, Plainfild Twp, p 64.266 Pennsylvania Archives. Third Series, Vol 19, Plainfild Twp, p 153.267 Pennsylvania Archives. Third Series, Vol 19, Plainfild Twp, p 266 and 381.268 Internet (http://wwwebit.com/stallwood/harding/d0003/g0000049.html#I3381).269 Letter from Charles Sandwick datedSept. 10, 1990.270 Letter from Charles Sandwick datedSept. 10, 1990.271Pennsylvania Archives , Third Series, VoL. XIX, pg. 383 and 266; sent by Hans Heimbach and in Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.280 http://www.hoobler.com/newpage19.htm, April 14, 2001.281 Ancestry Family Tree on Internet on April 5, 1998 with references.282 http://www.hoobler.com/johannes.htm, April 14, 2001.283 Ancestry Family Tree on Internet on April 5, 1998 with references.284 Ancestry Family Tree on Internet on April 5, 1998 with references.285 Ancestry Family Tree on Internet on April 5, 1998 with references.286 Ancestry Family Tree on Internet on April 5, 1998 with references.287 Ancestry Family Tree on Internet on April 5, 1998 with references.288 Ancestry Family Tree on Internet on April 5, 1998 with references.289 Ancestry Family Tree on Internet on April 5, 1998 with references.290 http://www.hoobler.com/johannes.htm, April 14, 2001.291 Ancestry Family Tree on Internet on April 5, 1998 with references.292 http://www.hoobler.com/johannes.htm, April 14, 2001.293 http://www.hoobler.com/newpage19.htm, April 14, 2001.294 http://www.hoobler.com/newpage19.htm, April 14, 2001.295Letter from Virginia Yarnell, Gordon, PA, dated Dec. 28, 1989.

84

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Unknown (male) HUBLER (ca 1804 Centre Co, PA- ??)Unknown (male) HUBLER (ca 1810-12 Centre Co, PA- ??)Abraham HUBLER (1814 Centre Co, PA-?? ) (m Olive Eliza) (see following)

John C. HUBLER (1840-1870) (buried in Oak Hill Cemetery, Youngstown, OH)719

Horatio E. HUBLER (Jan. 15, 1842 OH-Oct. 17, 1891)720 [m Mary Ann ? HUBLER (1852- Oct. 25, 1868)]721 (buried in Oak Hill Cemetery, Youngstown, OH)722 (In 1889 he was listed in the Trumbull Co Directory as a puddler for the Trumbull Iron Co in Warren, OH)723

Edward HUBLER (Feb. 5, 1869- ??) 724

John Henry HUBLER (April 6, 1870- Sept. 16, 1870) (bur in Oak Hill Cemetery) 725

296 http://www.hoobler.com/newpage19.htm, April 14, 2001.297 http://www.hoobler.com/johannes.htm, April 14, 2001.298 Internet (http://www.hoobler.com/adam1.htm).299 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997; reference sited was from pp 90-91 in: “Centre County, PA. American Revolution Soldiers and Patriots” compiled by Nancy Lee Stover. State College, Pa. 1996. Nancy Lee Stover, PO Box 73, Boalsburg, Pa 16827; further reference are PENNSYLVANIA ARCHIVES 3rd series Vol 6, p. 293 (Berks Co Militia), PETITION ON FILE SECRETARY OF COMMONWEALTH's OFFICE. HISTORY OF CENTRE AND CLINTON COUNTIES. John Blair Linn. 1883. p. 17, CENTRE CO ORPHAN'S COURT FILE #1956; Administration bond posted Aug 27, 1822; Lists heirs of his deceased children; Inquest on real estate, November 25, 1822; Guardian appointed for minor children; SPANGLER COLLECTION, Notebook #107, p. 42. Northumberland County deed. Notebook #75-l, p. 51 (Reformed Cemetery records); A compilation of information on Centre Co, Pa. Adella Fink Spangler. Centre County Library, Bellevonte, Pa. HISTORY OF CENTRE AND CLINTON COUNTIES, PA. John Blair Linn. 1883. Pages 17, 19, 23, 25, 41, 49, 158, 299, 303, 354, 402. SPANGLER WORKING COLLECTION, Notebook #42, p. 130. A compilation of information on Centre Co, Pa. Adella Fink Spangler, Centre Co Lib, Bellefonte, Pa. PIONEER SETTLERS OF CENTRE COUNTY, PA. VASHTI SEAMAN. 1973. PP 90-91. CENTRE CO HERITAGE. Centre Co Historical Soc. Vol I. (1956) to Vol XI(1975). 1975. p. 80. 300 Letter from Thomas Lehman, PO Box 358, Palmyra, PA 17078 dated June 28, 1990.301 Cort Records, Misc Book 1772-1776, p. 311.302 E-mail copy of will from Marcia Wilson on Sept. 17, 1997.303Letter from Virginia Yarnell, with reference to the will of Abraham HUBLER of Lebanon Co, dated Feb. 22, 1990. (ca 1727- < 1777)304 Letter from Thomas Lehman, PO Box 358, Palmyra, PA 17078 dated 1990; reference cited was Dauphin Co, PA Deed, VoL. C-1, pg 145, March 22, 1785.305 Data supplied by Marcia Wilson, NJ via e-mail (mwilson@injersy.com) on June 23, 1996; her family.306 Hastings, Jan A. John L HUBLER of Sullivan, Ohio, 1974; copy sent by Thomas Stephen Neal, 169 East Main St., New London, OH 44851, Ohio Genealogical Society in 1989.307 Data supplied by Marcia Wilson, NJ via e-mail (mwilson@injersy.com) on June 28, 1997; her family, with references (see e-mail filed in Netscape).308 Summary on Hubler family by Norman F. Douty sent by Elizabeth Hubler of Lewisburg, cited reference “Commenerative Biographical Record” p 417.309 Data supplied by Marcia Wilson, NJ via e-mail (mwilson@injersy.com) on June 23, 1996; her family.310 Summary on Hubler family by Norman F. Douty sent by Elizabeth Hubler of Lewisburg.311 Summary on Hubler family by Norman F. Douty sent by Elizabeth Hubler of Lewisburg.312 Data supplied by Marcia Wilson, NJ via e-mail (mwilson@injersy.com) on June 23, 1996; her family; obtained from a handwritten family history by Philip Frank Hubler, M,D, in 1901.313 Summary on Hubler family by Norman F. Douty sent by Elizabeth Hubler of Lewisburg.

85

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Albert Thomas HUBLER (Oct. 28, 1871- ??) 726

Horatio Edward HUBLER (Dec. 28, 1874-Oct. 17, 1891)727 (buried in Oak Hill Cemetery, Youngstown, OH)728

Elizabeth “Lizzie” Caroline HUBLER (Oct. 28, 1876- ??) (m Thomas J. Lewis in 1898) 729

Elizabeth Lewis (April 1, 1899- ??) 730 (m Cecil A. Brangham in 1917)731

Cecil Arthur Brangham (1920-1920) 732

Lorenzo Dow HUBLER (Aug. 5, 1878-Feb. 2, 1879) 733 (buried in Oak Hill Cemetery, Youngstown, OH)734

Thomas HUBLER (Jan. 1, 1883-Mar. 16, 1917) 735 (m Irene Lippert in 1903) 736

George Horatio HUBLER (May 22, 1905-Jan. 31, 1911) 737

314 Summary on Hubler family by Norman F. Douty sent by Elizabeth Hubler of Lewisburg.315 Data supplied by Marcia Wilson, NJ via e-mail (mwilson@injersy.com) on June 23, 1996; her family; obtained from a handwritten family history by Philip Frank Hubler, M,D, in 1901.316 Data supplied by Marcia Wilson, NJ via e-mail (mwilson@injersy.com) on June 23, 1996; her family.317 Summary on Hubler family by Norman F. Douty sent by Elizabeth Hubler of Lewisburg.318 Summary on Hubler family by Norman F. Douty sent by Elizabeth Hubler of Lewisburg.319 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.320 Summary on Hubler family by Norman F. Douty sent by Elizabeth Hubler of Lewisburg.321 Data supplied by Marcia Wilson, NJ via e-mail (mwilson@injersy.com) on June 23, 1996; her family; obtained from a handwritten family history by Philip Frank Hubler, M,D, in 1901.322 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.323 Summary on Hubler family by Norman F. Douty sent by Elizabeth Hubler of Lewisburg.324 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.325 Summary on Hubler family by Norman F. Douty sent by Elizabeth Hubler of Lewisburg.326 Summary on Hubler family by Norman F. Douty sent by Elizabeth Hubler of Lewisburg.327 Summary on Hubler family by Norman F. Douty sent by Elizabeth Hubler of Lewisburg.328 E-mailfrom Jim Grady dated May 8, 1997.329 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.330 E-mailfrom Jim Grady dated May 8, 1997.331 Letter from Thomas Lehman, PO Box 358, Palmyra, PA 17078 dated June 28, 1990.332 Email from Justin Houser dated May 16, 2000.333 Letter from Thomas Lehman, PO Box 358, Palmyra, PA 17078 dated June 28, 1990.334 Data supplied by Marcia Wilson, NJ via e-mail (mwilson@injersy.com) on June 23, 1996; her family.335 Email from Justin Houser dated May 16, 2000.336 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.337 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.338 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.339 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.340 Estate papers of Jacob HUBLER (husband of Margaret) dated Jan. 26, 1841.341 Email from Justin Houser dated May 16, 2000.342 Email from Marcia Wilson on May 16, 2000.343 Email from Justin Houser dated May 16, 2000.344 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.345 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.346 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.347 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.348 Letter from Thomas Lehman, PO Box 358, Palmyra, PA 17078 dated June 28, 1990.349 Letter from Thomas Lehman, PO Box 358, Palmyra, PA 17078 dated June 28, 1990.350 Data supplied by Marcia Wilson, NJ via e-mail (mwilson@injersy.com) on June 23, 1996; her family.351 Fravel, Ira. Wills of Centre County, Pa, Genealogy Reference 929, CC Public Library.

86

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Elizabeth Jane HUBLER (1843 OH-1861 Youngstown, OH) (died at age 18)738

Lorenzo D. HUBLER (1848 PA-? 1879) (? buried Oak Hill Cemetery)739

Fustina E. HUBLER (1850 PA- ??)Marcillus HUBLER (1858 OH- ??)

Unknown (male) HUBLER (ca 1815 Centre Co, PA- ??)Catharine HUBLER (? Oct. 8, 1818 Union/Centre Co, PA- ? Aug. 10, 1900 Washington

Co, OH)740 (m William Newberry in 1837 in Union Co, PA, had 4 kids, as widowed)

Lorenzo NEWBERRY (raised in Washington Co, OH then moved south)William NEWBERY (note name spelling change) (raised in Washingon Co, fought

in Civil War) (remarried to Henry Miner in Marietta, OH and had 5 kids) ( line of R. Steven Newberry) 741

352 E-mail from Justin Houser on Feb. 15, 1999.353 E-mail from Justin Houser on Feb. 15, 1999.354 Stover Family Lineage on Internet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Hills/8220/gen1-3.html).355 Stover Family Lineage on Internet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Hills/8220/gen1-3.html).356 Data supplied by Marcia Wilson, NJ via e-mail (mwilson@injersy.com) on June 23, 1996; her family.357 Stover Family Lineage on Internet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Hills/8220/gen1-3.html).358 E-mail from Dennis Stover (steins1@juno.com) July and Aug. 1997.359 E-mail from Dennis Stover (steins1@juno.com) July and Aug. 1997.360 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.361 Data supplied by Marcia Wilson, NJ via e-mail (mwilson@injersy.com) on June 23, 1996; her family; obtained from a handwritten family history by Philip Frank Hubler, M,D, in 1901.362 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.363 Data supplied by Marcia Wilson, NJ via e-mail (mwilson@injersy.com) on June 23, 1996; her family.364 E-mail from Vonnie Henninger (eeh1@psu.edu) on Jan. 9, 1998.365 Data supplied by Marcia Wilson, NJ via e-mail (mwilson@injersy.com) on June 23, 1996; her family; obtained from a handwritten family history by Philip Frank Hubler, M,D, in 1901.366 Data supplied by Marcia Wilson, NJ via e-mail (mwilson@injersy.com) on June 23, 1996; her family; obtained from a handwritten family history by Philip Frank Hubler, M,D, in 1901.367 Data supplied by Marcia Wilson, NJ via e-mail (mwilson@injersy.com) on June 23, 1996; her family.368 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.369 Biographies, Seventeeth Congressional Disrict, pg 531-532.370 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.371 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.372 Estate papers of Jacob HUBLER (husband of Margaret) dated Jan. 26, 1841.373 Aaronsburg Cemetery listing on Internet on Stover’s page.374 Stover Family Lineage on Internet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Hills/8220/gen1-3.html).375 Data supplied by Marcia Wilson, NJ via e-mail (mwilson@injersy.com) on June 23, 1996; her family.376 E-mail from Dennis Stover (steins1@juno.com) July and Aug. 1997.377 Stover home page on the Internet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Hills/8220) on Dec. 13, 1997.378 World Family Tree, Vol 1, Broderbund Software (Family Tree Maker) March, 1996.379 E-mail from steins@juno.com on Aug. 20, 1997.380 E-mail from Dennis Stover (steins1@juno.com) July and Aug. 1997.381 E-mail from steins@juno.com on Aug. 20, 1997.382 E-mail from Dennis Stover (steins1@juno.com) July and Aug. 1997.383 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.384 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.385 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997; reference sited was from pp 90-91 in: “Centre County, PA. American Revolution Soldiers and Patriots” compiled by Nancy Lee Stover. State College, Pa. 1996. Nancy Lee Stover, PO Box 73, Boalsburg, Pa 16827; further reference are PENNSYLVANIA ARCHIVES 3rd series Vol 6, p. 293 (Berks Co Militia), PETITION ON FILE SECRETARY OF

87

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Mary Anne Vashti HUBLER/HOOBLER (April 4, 1825 Clearfield Co, PA-1891 Trumbull Co, OH) [m Anthony Ague (1821-1865) on Oct. 9, 1843 in Youngstown Trumbull Co] (see following)

Henry Ague (1844-1863)742,743 (died in Civil War in TN) 744

William Nathan Ague (1845-1901) (m Helen Simpson)745 [1st son=Oliver Perry AgueWilliam Oman AgueThelma Fern AgueGerald G. Williams (husband of Doris Williams)746]

George Barclay Ague (1848- ??) (m Margaretta ?)747 (in 19th infantry in CW) 748

Margaret Ann Vasti (Maggie) Ague (1850-1884) (m Thomas Breese)749

Harriet Miranda Ague (1852-1878) (m James Flower) 750

Perry Ellis Ague (1855-1856) 751

Effie Rosette Ague (1857- ??) (m Hiram Freed) 752

Sarah Olive Permelia Ague (1859-1881) 753

COMMONWEALTH's OFFICE. HISTORY OF CENTRE AND CLINTON COUNTIES. John Blair Linn. 1883. p. 17, CENTRE CO ORPHAN'S COURT FILE #1956; Administration bond posted Aug 27, 1822; Lists heirs of his deceased children; Inquest on real estate, November 25, 1822; Guardian appointed for minor children; SPANGLER COLLECTION, Notebook #107, p. 42. Northumberland County deed. Notebook #75-l, p. 51 (Reformed Cemetery records); A compilation of information on Centre Co, Pa. Adella Fink Spangler. Centre County Library, Bellevonte, Pa. HISTORY OF CENTRE AND CLINTON COUNTIES, PA. John Blair Linn. 1883. Pages 17, 19, 23, 25, 41, 49, 158, 299, 303, 354, 402. SPANGLER WORKING COLLECTION, Notebook #42, p. 130. A compilation of information on Centre Co, Pa. Adella Fink Spangler, Centre Co Lib, Bellefonte, Pa. PIONEER SETTLERS OF CENTRE COUNTY, PA. VASHTI SEAMAN. 1973. PP 90-91. CENTRE CO HERITAGE. Centre Co Historical Soc. Vol I. (1956) to Vol XI(1975). 1975. p. 80. 386 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.387 Letter from Thomas Lehman, PO Box 358, Palmyra, PA 17078 dated June 28, 1990.388 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.389 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.390 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.391 Hastings, Jan A. John L HUBLER of Sullivan, Ohio, 1974; copy sent by Thomas Stephen Neal, 169 East Main St., New London, OH 44851, Ohio Genealogical Society in 1989.392 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997; reference sited was from pp 90-91 in: “Centre County, PA. American Revolution Soldiers and Patriots” compiled by Nancy Lee Stover. State College, Pa. 1996. Nancy Lee Stover, PO Box 73, Boalsburg, Pa 16827; further reference are PENNSYLVANIA ARCHIVES 3rd series Vol 6, p. 293 (Berks Co Militia), PETITION ON FILE SECRETARY OF COMMONWEALTH's OFFICE. HISTORY OF CENTRE AND CLINTON COUNTIES. John Blair Linn. 1883. p. 17, CENTRE CO ORPHAN'S COURT FILE #1956; Administration bond posted Aug 27, 1822; Lists heirs of his deceased children; Inquest on real estate, November 25, 1822; Guardian appointed for minor children; SPANGLER COLLECTION, Notebook #107, p. 42. Northumberland County deed. Notebook #75-l, p. 51 (Reformed Cemetery records); A compilation of information on Centre Co, Pa. Adella Fink Spangler. Centre County Library, Bellevonte, Pa. HISTORY OF CENTRE AND CLINTON COUNTIES, PA. John Blair Linn. 1883. Pages 17, 19, 23, 25, 41, 49, 158, 299, 303, 354, 402. SPANGLER WORKING COLLECTION, Notebook #42, p. 130. A compilation of information on Centre Co, Pa. Adella Fink Spangler, Centre Co Lib, Bellefonte, Pa. PIONEER SETTLERS OF CENTRE COUNTY, PA. VASHTI SEAMAN. 1973. PP 90-91. CENTRE CO HERITAGE. Centre Co Historical Soc. Vol I. (1956) to Vol XI(1975). 1975. p. 80. 393 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.394 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.395 Hastings, Jan A. John L HUBLER of Sullivan, Ohio, 1974; copy sent by Thomas Stephen Neal, 169 East Main St., New London, OH 44851, Ohio Genealogical Society in 1989.

88

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Calvin Franklin Ague (1861- ??) (m Anna Barger) 754

Ida May Ague (1866-1880) (m Joseph McCurdy) 755

Unidentified (male) HUBLER (between 1825 and 1830 probably Clearfield Co- ??)

Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) was probably born about Nov. 27, 1779 in Plainfield Twp, Northampton Co, Pennsylvania, the son of Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811).756 I have not found a birth record for Abraham HUBLER (1779-??); however, the only possible HUBLER family in the area at that time was that of Jacob Hubler, Jr. (1742-1811), and his presence in the household on Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) was demonstrated on the 1790 census (see below). The birth date of Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) was calculated from his siblings’ birthdays. His father [Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811)] used at least three different churches for christening his children [Dryland Lutheran Church and Schoeneck Moravian Church (he was not a Moravian) in 396 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997; reference sited was from pp 90-91 in: “Centre County, PA. American Revolution Soldiers and Patriots” compiled by Nancy Lee Stover. State College, Pa. 1996. Nancy Lee Stover, PO Box 73, Boalsburg, Pa 16827; further reference are PENNSYLVANIA ARCHIVES 3rd series Vol 6, p. 293 (Berks Co Militia), PETITION ON FILE SECRETARY OF COMMONWEALTH's OFFICE. HISTORY OF CENTRE AND CLINTON COUNTIES. John Blair Linn. 1883. p. 17, CENTRE CO ORPHAN'S COURT FILE #1956; Administration bond posted Aug 27, 1822; Lists heirs of his deceased children; Inquest on real estate, November 25, 1822; Guardian appointed for minor children; SPANGLER COLLECTION, Notebook #107, p. 42. Northumberland County deed. Notebook #75-l, p. 51 (Reformed Cemetery records); A compilation of information on Centre Co, Pa. Adella Fink Spangler. Centre County Library, Bellevonte, Pa. HISTORY OF CENTRE AND CLINTON COUNTIES, PA. John Blair Linn. 1883. Pages 17, 19, 23, 25, 41, 49, 158, 299, 303, 354, 402. SPANGLER WORKING COLLECTION, Notebook #42, p. 130. A compilation of information on Centre Co, Pa. Adella Fink Spangler, Centre Co Lib, Bellefonte, Pa. PIONEER SETTLERS OF CENTRE COUNTY, PA. VASHTI SEAMAN. 1973. PP 90-91. CENTRE CO HERITAGE. Centre Co Historical Soc. Vol I. (1956) to Vol XI(1975). 1975. p. 80. 397 Hastings, Jan A. John L HUBLER of Sullivan, Ohio, 1974; copy sent by Thomas Stephen Neal, 169 East Main St., New London, OH 44851, Ohio Genealogical Society in 1989.398 E-mail frm John Newbery (jnewbel@juno.com) on Feb. 24, 1998.399 Hastings, Jan A. John L HUBLER of Sullivan, Ohio, 1974; copy sent by Thomas Stephen Neal, 169 East Main St., New London, OH 44851, Ohio Genealogical Society in 1989.400 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997; reference sited was from pp 90-91 in: “Centre County, PA. American Revolution Soldiers and Patriots” compiled by Nancy Lee Stover. State College, Pa. 1996. Nancy Lee Stover, PO Box 73, Boalsburg, Pa 16827; further reference are PENNSYLVANIA ARCHIVES 3rd series Vol 6, p. 293 (Berks Co Militia), PETITION ON FILE SECRETARY OF COMMONWEALTH's OFFICE. HISTORY OF CENTRE AND CLINTON COUNTIES. John Blair Linn. 1883. p. 17, CENTRE CO ORPHAN'S COURT FILE #1956; Administration bond posted Aug 27, 1822; Lists heirs of his deceased children; Inquest on real estate, November 25, 1822; Guardian appointed for minor children; SPANGLER COLLECTION, Notebook #107, p. 42. Northumberland County deed. Notebook #75-l, p. 51 (Reformed Cemetery records); A compilation of information on Centre Co, Pa. Adella Fink Spangler. Centre County Library, Bellevonte, Pa. HISTORY OF CENTRE AND CLINTON COUNTIES, PA. John Blair Linn. 1883. Pages 17, 19, 23, 25, 41, 49, 158, 299, 303, 354, 402. SPANGLER WORKING COLLECTION, Notebook #42, p. 130. A compilation of information on Centre Co, Pa. Adella Fink Spangler, Centre Co Lib, Bellefonte, Pa. PIONEER SETTLERS OF CENTRE COUNTY, PA. VASHTI SEAMAN. 1973. PP 90-91. CENTRE CO HERITAGE. Centre Co Historical Soc. Vol I. (1956) to Vol XI(1975). 1975. p. 80. 401 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997; reference sited was from pp 90-91 in: “Centre County, PA. American Revolution Soldiers and Patriots” compiled by Nancy Lee Stover. State College, Pa. 1996. Nancy Lee Stover, PO Box 73, Boalsburg, Pa 16827; further reference are PENNSYLVANIA ARCHIVES

89

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Northampton Co and Shoenersville Church in Lehigh Co (the same one that his son, Abraham HUBLER (1779-?), later used)].757,758 Interestingly, the birth record of Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) also is missing.

Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) married Margaret (Anna Margaretha) PAUL (1780- ??)759 in about 1797. The parents of Margaret PAUL (1780- ??) were Nicholas PAUL (1748-1820) and Barbara FAS (1757-1823). Margaret PAUL (1780- ??) was born on Sept. 18, 1780 and was baptized at the Dryland Reformed Congregation in Northampton Co on Dec. 26, 1780, sponsored by her maternal grandparents (George and Margaret FASS). Margaret PAUL (1780-??) was single on Sept. 28, 1788 when as a 16 year old she sponsored the baptism of John Jacob Berger at the Tohickon Union Reformed Church of Bucks Co, PA760 and on Jan.1, 1797 when she and John HUBLER (possibly the youngest son of Jacob HUBLER, Sr., and her uncle to-be) sponsored a christening.761

3rd series Vol 6, p. 293 (Berks Co Militia), PETITION ON FILE SECRETARY OF COMMONWEALTH's OFFICE. HISTORY OF CENTRE AND CLINTON COUNTIES. John Blair Linn. 1883. p. 17, CENTRE CO ORPHAN'S COURT FILE #1956; Administration bond posted Aug 27, 1822; Lists heirs of his deceased children; Inquest on real estate, November 25, 1822; Guardian appointed for minor children; SPANGLER COLLECTION, Notebook #107, p. 42. Northumberland County deed. Notebook #75-l, p. 51 (Reformed Cemetery records); A compilation of information on Centre Co, Pa. Adella Fink Spangler. Centre County Library, Bellevonte, Pa. HISTORY OF CENTRE AND CLINTON COUNTIES, PA. John Blair Linn. 1883. Pages 17, 19, 23, 25, 41, 49, 158, 299, 303, 354, 402. SPANGLER WORKING COLLECTION, Notebook #42, p. 130. A compilation of information on Centre Co, Pa. Adella Fink Spangler, Centre Co Lib, Bellefonte, Pa. PIONEER SETTLERS OF CENTRE COUNTY, PA. VASHTI SEAMAN. 1973. PP 90-91. CENTRE CO HERITAGE. Centre Co Historical Soc. Vol I. (1956) to Vol XI(1975). 1975. p. 80. 402 Wilson, Marcia. E-mail on Aug. 19, 1997.403 E-mail from Justin Houser on Feb. 15, 1999.404 Linn, John Blair. History of Centre and Clinton Counties, PA 1883, pg 457.405 Data vis Internet (http://www.rootsweb.com/~pacentre/rlb/waltwp1.htm) on the history of Walker Twp.406 Linn, John Blair. History of Centre and Clinton Counties, PA 1883, pg 457.407 Linn, John Blair. History of Centre and Clinton Counties, PA 1883, pg 457.408 E-mail from Dave Wallace (dwallace@cub.kcnet.org) who cited a genealogist from the area named “Joyce” dated Jan. 28, 1998.409 E-mail from Dave Wallace (dwallace@cub.kcnet.org) who cited a genealogist from the area named “Joyce” dated Jan. 28, 1998.410 E-mail from Justin Houser on Feb. 15, 1999.411 E-mail from Dave Wallace (dwallace@cub.kcnet.org) who cited a genealogist from the area named “Joyce” dated Jan. 28, 1998.412 E-mail from Dave Wallace (dwallace@cub.kcnet.org) dated Jan. 28, 1998.413 E-mail from Dave Wallace (dwallace@cub.kcnet.org) dated Jan. 28, 1998.414Letter from Virginia Yarnell, Reading, PA, dated July 21, 1990, with photo of HUBLERburg sign at town line.415Letter from Jean Carr, Morrisdale, PA, 1991.416 E-mail from Justin Houser on Feb. 15, 1999.417 In Cemeteries of Marion and Walker Twp (Twojcjc@aol.com).418 The History of Walker Twp. Walker Twp. High School Class of 1927. A class project. Copies of some pages sent to me by Jerry McCloskey, Howarrd, PA on Nov. 4, 1997.419 E-mail from Jerry Mccloskey (<jrm18@psu.edu) on Nov. 10, 1997.424 World Family Tree, Vol 1, Broderbund Software (Family Tree Maker) March, 1996.425 Ancestry Family Tree on Internet on April 5, 1998.426 World Family Tree, Vol 1, Broderbund Software (Family Tree Maker) March, 1996.427 Ancestry Family Tree on Internet on April 5, 1998.

90

THE HUBLER HISTORY

In 1797, soon after Abraham HUBLER (1779-??) and Margaret PAUL (1780-??) were married, they moved from his family home in Moore Twp, Northampton Co, Pennsylvania to nearby Hanover Twp, Northampton Co (now Lehigh Co). (See 35).

The first known child, Elizabeth HUBLER, of Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) was born on Feb. 28, 1799. 762,763, 764 [In the major listing of births in Lehigh Co765 (then Northampton Co), transcribers spelled her name as “Elisabetha HUBELER.” In the 1800 federal PA census, two girl children younger than sixteen were recorded [either siblings or possibly one daughter AND a family member or friend who lived in the home (which was common), and the relationship would not have been discernable in the early census]. A son, Jacob HUBLER, was born on Oct. 19, 1800 after the census was taken, so if the unidentified girl was a daughter of Abraham HUBLER (b 1779), she was born in 1798; but the 1810 census (in New Berlin, Northumberland Co which was taken after they moved

428 E-mail from Sylvia Landry (Momtroll2@aol.com) on Dec. 2, 1999.429 E-mail from Erin (bwahl@columbus.rr.com) on Mar 23, 2000.430 World Family Tree, Vol 1, Broderbund Software (Family Tree Maker) March, 1996.431 Cemetery listings for Stark Co sent by Lauren Landis, Stark Co Library dated Jan. 30, 1990.432 Cemetery listings for Stark Co sent by Lauren Landis, Stark Co Library dated Jan. 30, 1990.433 Mudrock Cemetery listing sent by Goldie Shimek, professional genealogist in Stark Co, dated Jan. 1990.434 Mudrock Cemetery listing sent by Goldie Shimek, professional genealogist in Stark Co, dated Jan. 1990.435 Letter from Dorothy (Mrs. Russell) Mahan, Rt. 2, Box 36, Willard, MO 65781 datedfJuly 15, 1990.436 “Commerative Biographical Record of Central Pennsylvania Including the Counties of Centre, Cinton, Union and Snyder” 1898, pg 950.437 E-mail frm John Newbery (jnewbel@juno.com) on Feb. 24, 1998.438 E-mail from Steven Newberry on Oct. 16, 1997.439 E-mail frm John Newbery (jnewbel@juno.com) on Feb. 24, 1998.440 E-mail frm John Newbery (jnewbel@juno.com) on Feb. 24, 1998.441 “Commerative Biographical Record of Central Pennsylvania Including the Counties of Centre, Cinton, Union and Snyder” 1898, pg 1186.442 Deed record of Stark Co, OH, recorded June 12, 1827, pg 718.443 “Commerative Biographical Record of Central Pennsylvania Including the Counties of Centre, Cinton, Union and Snyder” 1898, pg 950.444 “Commerative Biographical Record of Central Pennsylvania Including the Counties of Centre, Cinton, Union and Snyder” 1898, pg 950.445 “Commerative Biographical Record of Central Pennsylvania Including the Counties of Centre, Cinton, Union and Snyder” 1898, pg 950.446 “Commerative Biographical Record of Central Pennsylvania Including the Counties of Centre, Cinton, Union and Snyder” 1898, pg 950.447 “Commerative Biographical Record of Central Pennsylvania Including the Counties of Centre, Cinton, Union and Snyder” 1898, pg 950.448Letter from Robert/Elizabeth HUBLER, Lewisberg, PA, dated Oct. 23, 1990.451 Marcia Wilson.452 Data from Howard HUBLER, Gore, OK.453Letter from Virginia Yarnell, Gordon, PA, dated Jan. 25, 1990.454 1850 Census (Aug 21, 1850) of Berry Twp from Tonya Lebo (tonlebo@ptd.net).455 1850 Census (Aug 21, 1850) from Tonya Lebo (tonlebo@ptd.net).456 1850 Census (Aug 21, 1850) from Tonya Lebo (tonlebo@ptd.net).457 www.pasonline.com/jlgens/lydial.htm.458 www.pasonline.com/jlgens/lydial.htm.459 1850 Census (Aug 21, 1850) from Tonya Lebo (tonlebo@ptd.net).460 1850 Census (Aug 21, 1850) from Tonya Lebo (tonlebo@ptd.net).

91

THE HUBLER HISTORY

from Northampton Co) showed only one girl child, so the unidentified girl must have died or been left behind.

The occupation of Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) during his stay in Hanover Twp is unknown; although later in New Berlin, Northumberland Co in 1811, 766 in Buffalo Twp, Northumberland Co in 1815767 and in Bradford Twp, Clearfield Co in 1821,768 he was listed as a "weaver.” [Interestingly, in the inventory of the estate of his father, Jacob Hubler, Jr. (1742-1811), were a spinning wheel and several bushels of flax,769 and undoubtedly Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) learned his trade at home (his grandson, James Newberry HUBLER, also became a weaver).] In the 1810 census of Northumberland Co, no occupation was listed for Abraham HUBLER (b 1779); however, “laborers”(sic, farmers) were identified. In 1800, there was a weaver identified by Lynn770 in New Berlin; but in the 1810 census, there were no weavers listed in Berlin Town, but in that year “weavers” were identified in other towns in Northumberland Co.771 Many Pennsylvania farmers 461 1850 Census (Aug 21, 1850) from Tonya Lebo (tonlebo@ptd.net).462 www.pasonline.com/jlgens/lydial.htm.463 1850 Census (Aug 21, 1850) from Tonya Lebo (tonlebo@ptd.net).464 www.pasonline.com/jlgens/lydial.htm.465 1850 Census (Aug 21, 1850) from Tonya Lebo (tonlebo@ptd.net).466 www.pasonline.com/jlgens/lydial.htm.467 1850 Census (Aug 21, 1850) from Tonya Lebo (tonlebo@ptd.net).468 1850 Census (Aug 21, 1850) from Tonya Lebo (tonlebo@ptd.net).469 www.pasonline.com/jlgens/lydial.htm.470 www.pasonline.com/jlgens/lydial.htm.471 www.pasonline.com/jlgens/lydial.htm.472 www.pasonline.com/jlgens/lydial.htm.473 Data from Howard HUBLER, Gore, OK.474 See trees in personal file.475 E-mail from Verna (CrazyVM@aol.com) on Nov. 18, 1997.476Letter from Virginia Yarnell, Gordon, PA, dated Feb. 22, 1990.477 "Mountain Echo" originally published in Shickshinny, PAhttp://www.rootsweb.com/~paluzern/patk/names.htm499Hartzel, Gloria. Genealogical History of John Huber from Berks Co, Pennsylvania.500Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Oct. 9, 1990.501Estate administration of Nicholas PAUL in Centre Co, PA in 1825, sent by Betty Brungard, dated July 15, 1991.502 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Lehigh Co 1734-1800. 1992. In CC Library.503Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Oct. 9, 1990.504 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton Co 1733-1800. 1991. In CC Library.505Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Oct. 9, 1990.506 Dryland Church Records sent by Joanne Chubb (baseball@blast.net) on May 4, 1999.507 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton Co 1733-1800. 1991. In CC Library.508 Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Oct. 9, 1990.509 Eighteenth Century Records Schoeneck Moravian, sent by Susan Dreydopppel, Executive Director, Moravian Historical Society in Sept. 1887.510Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Oct. 9, 1990.511Aldrich, Lewis Cass. History of Clearfield County, Pennsylvania. 1887. Microfilm copy obtained from CC Library Interlibrary loan system.512Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg; in personal library.513Hartzel, Gloria. Genealogical History of John Huber from Berks Co, Pennsylvania.514Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg; in personal library.515 Eighteenth Century Records Schoeneck Moravian, sent by Susan Dreydopppel, Executive Director, Moravian Historical Society in Sept. 1887.516 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton Co 1733-1800. 1991. In CC Library.

92

THE HUBLER HISTORY

were also weavers, but not all weavers were farmers. Sheep wool and flax were used for weaving, and flax was also used in the production of linseed oil in 18th and 19th century Northampton Co and central Pennsylvania. Weaving was also a cottage and urban industry.772

Weaving as an industry in America has become a historical relic after the Industrial Revolution. As a craft, weaving remains important, and in Third-World societies where machinery is unavailable or impractical and where man-made fabrics, such as, plastic, nylon and polyester are unique, weaving is an integral part of survival. Most modern American men buy clothes and blankets at the nearest mall, Wal-Mart or Gap without appreciating the hardships that our ancestors endured to produce fabric. The history of weaving is long, complicated and intertwined with horticulture and husbandry.

Wild sheep are not wool bearing.773 The ancestors of modern domesticated sheep had long hair and a soft, downy undercoat. After millennia of domestication, the undercoat became wool, while the long hair disappeared. Worldwide, ancient cultures have woven wool. Europe was included where archeologists have identified woolen fabrics in early tombs. Britons honed their weaving after the Roman invasion; William the Conqueror brought into England skilled Flemish weavers; Edward III brought weavers, dyers, and fullers from Flanders. In the American colonies, sheep raising started in Jamestown soon after the arrival of English immigrants. Likewise, European immigrants carried weaving techniques with then as they settled into Pennsylvania. Weaving at first in homes was a family affair, and later it became a more specialized industry performed by individual professionals and finally in small factories. The first factory in America using waterpower to weave wool was established in 1788 in Connecticut.Most families in early Pennsylvania raised a few sheep for the family's wool supply. Property tax lists before and after the Revolutionary War itemize sheep in most farmers’ households in Pennsylvania. Mutton was not a dietary mainstay of colonists. The sheep were kept for wool. After the wool was sheared from the animal each year, it was washed and carded (combed with paddles embedded with wire teeth). Some of the carded wool was inserted between two large pieces of cloth and made into soft bedding ("haps”); 774 some wool was spun into fibers or yarn for knitting mittens, gloves, hose, sweaters, etc., and cloth from the woolen spun fibers was sent to a fulling mill where it was steamed, dried and shrunk before it could be used for making clothing. 775

517 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Lehigh Co 1734-1800. 1992. In CC Library.518Will Abstracts of Northumberland County, Pennsylvania (1752-1802) ; copy in personal file.519Hartzel, Gloria. Genealogical History of John Huber from Berks Co, Pennsylvania.520HUBLER Family, Northampton County Historical Society, Jane Moyer, Librarian, 1985.521Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996. 522 Letter from Manuel Aicher, Zentalstelle fur Genealogie, Vogelaustrasse 34, dated Dec. 12, 1997.523Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Jan. 14, 1991.524Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996. 525Letter from Emil Saurer, Twann dated March 5, 1996. 526Hatzel, Gloria. Genealogical History of John Huber from Berks Co, Pennsylvania.527Will Abstracts of Northampton County ; copy in personal file.528HUBLER Family; Northampton County Historical Society, Jane Moyer, Librarian, 1985.5291790 Federal Census.5301790 Federal Census.531Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg; in personal library.532Data from Registrar of Wills, Northampton County, purchased in June, 1990.533Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated July 21, 1990.534Sandwick, Charles M. Jacobsburg; in personal library.535Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated July 21, 1990.536A Collection of Thirty Thousand Names of Germans, Swiss and Other Immigrants , page 100; in personal file.537Data from Registrar of Wills, Northampton County, purchased in June, 1990.538 Eighteenth Century Records Schoeneck Moravian, sent by Susan Dreydopppel, Executive Director, Moravian Historical Society in Sept. 1887.539Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Aug., 1990.

93

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Flax is a common name for a family of plants—one species is grown for its fiber (used for thread and fabric) and seed (used for linseed oil and meal). The use of flax fiber for cloth originated at least 10,000 years ago (linen fishing nets, clothing and unworked flax have been found in Paleolithic Switzerland). In North America, flax was grown as early as 1626, and linen was the most important textile fiber until the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. 776 In colonial Pennsylvania, the growth, the preparation and the use of flax were similar. Each family planted about one-half to three-quarters of an acre of flax each spring.777 After the annual fall harvest, the entire family usually joined in the tedious preparation of the flax for spinning. First, the flax plants were pulled up and dried for two or three days; and then, the stalks were pulled through a wooden or iron comb fastened to a plank (“ripping”), while the seeds ("bobs") were retained for the next year's planting or used for linseed oil. (Flax seed yields from 30 to 40 percent linseed oil by weight. The oil is used in the manufacture of paints, varnishes, oilcloth, printing inks, soaps, and many other products. Linseed meal, which remains after the oil has been expressed, is a valuable feed for livestock.) 778 Next, the stalks were piled in a wooden box and water was poured through them to soften them ("retting"). After seven days of soaking, the flax was pounded with a heavy bar to break up the stalks and separate the fibers ("break"). The men usually did this work. Any residual woody particles were removed with a scutching board and knife. A man could scutch about forty pounds a day. Waste fibers were made into rough fabrics called "bagging." The last step was "hetching." The beaten, crushed, knifed material was vigorously pulled over a hetching board composed of a group of spikes, separating the long fibers from the short ones. The remaining few long fibers were then spun into thread, bleached, washed, and wound onto bobbins for the looms. 779 With the invention of the cotton gin in 1793, cotton became an extremely cheap raw material, and it largely displaced flax as a fiber source. 780

Sometimes both linen and wool were spun into threads and woven together into a very strong cloth called "linsy-woolsy." Garments made from this material were very durable but often irritating to the skin. 781

The final wool or flax product was made by patiently weaving, thread by thread, to create a cloth that could be made into useful suits, shawls, spreads, gowns, blankets (for horses and people) etc. A “specialist” industry developed, weaving.

Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) was not a landowner in Hanover Twp; and since he was not the oldest male child of Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811) and his older brothers resided near the family home and had children, there was little to keep Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) home. His father, Jacob HUBLER, Jr. (1742-1811), was probably not a wealthy man, so his children were probably on their own.

In 1800-1801, Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) moved to New Berlin, East Buffalo Twp (now Limestone Twp), Northumberland Co (now Union Co) in central Pennsylvania. (On Feb. 13, 1801 a business transaction by him was recorded in Northumberland Co, so he was there then.) [Union Co was formed in 1813782 from an amalgamation of counties in central PA, including Northumberland Co. Buffalo Twp was formed in 1772, divided into East and West Buffalo Twp in 1792 and finally the part of the township, which eventually held New Berlin, East Buffalo, became Limestone Twp in 1850.783 The family of Abraham Hubler (b 1779) moved from the area in 1820. Limestone Twp was formed on February 26, 1850, and named for the abundant deposits of limestone there.784 Still extant, New Berlin is a farming community about a mile from Lewisburg785and 55 miles north of modern Harrisburg and was founded by George Long in 1792,786 was incorporated in 1837 and became part of Limestone Twp when it was created in 1850.787 New Berlin was the county seat of Union Co from 1813 (when Union Co was formed) until 1855. In 2000, the population of New Berlin was 783;788 and although its neighbors have eclipsed its importance, New Berlin was a major player in the 1800s (in 1810, there were 203 residents in Berlin, and 2,869 living in Northumberland Co) .789

When the Abraham HUBLER family planned to move to Northumberland Co, Margaret (PAUL) HUBLER (ca 1780- ??) was pregnant and delivered her first male child, Jacob HUBLER (1800-??), in Northampton (now Lehigh) Co790 before the move. The census in 1800 of Northampton Co did not list the male child because the census was taken before the birth (in the spring); however, the birth records of Lehigh Co (then Northampton Co) recorded the birth of Jacob

94

THE HUBLER HISTORY

HUBLER in October 1800. [Jacob HUBLER (b 1800) was baptized at Christ Lutheran Congregation, Hanover Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania on Nov. 29, 1800. His parental in-laws, Nicholas and Barbara PAUL sponsored the event.] Of course Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) was not listed as a resident of New Berlin791 in 1800 because he still resided in Northampton Co at least until the last few months of the year (after his son, Jacob, was born in October) or early 1801. Evidence that Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) was in Northumberland Co is three listings of business transactions (Feb. 12, 1801, Mar. 31,1801 and in 1814) in the county.792 In the 1810 federal census, Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) and his family were listed as residents of “Berlin Town, East Buffalo, Northumberland Co, PA.”793 The census taker did not record an occupation794 (at least one was not on the census image). Also, Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) was listed as a weaver in 1811 in New Berlin, Northumberland Co795 Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) was not listed in the grantor or grantee index or wills for Centre County.796, 797 He resided in New Berlin, Union Co (Northumberland Co until 1813), while his in-laws (the PAULs) lived only a few miles eastward in nearby Northumberland, Northumberland Co [The PAULs moved to Northumberland Co about the same time as their daughter, Margaret PAUL, and her husband, Abraham HUBLER (b 1779), and that may not have been just coincidence.] Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) was not recorded on the tax list of New Berlin in 1815; 798 however, he was on the tax list of 1815 in East Buffalo Twp, 799 so it could be that his property was outside of the town limits but inside the township. 800 The taxable items were not itemized, 801 but he did not own land.

In 2001, the concept of a global community is commonly accepted in America, and the effects of war, weather, financial fluctuations, and many other events in a localized, often distant part of the world can vibrate throughout the rest of the world. Those events are transmitted in real time to every part of the globe by-all news TV, such as, CNN, radio, telephone or the Internet. But imagine what 19th century pioneers in rural Pennsylvania knew about world events in their isolated environment. For instance, in April 1815, Mount Tambora in Indonesia erupted, and the volcano spewed ash almost 30 miles high. The resulting sunscreen changed the weather worldwide--it dropped the temperatures and thus froze the crops in America and Europe in the spring and summer of 1816. Farming in all of North America, including Pennsylvania, failed. The cost of corn and grain doubled. Tens of thousands of people in Europe and America died of starvation; riots erupted, and thousands migrated south.802 The Abraham HUBLER family must have wondered what happened and undoubtedly did not know that their weather was affected by events in Indonesia!

Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) probably fathered five additional children during his decade-long stay in Northampton Co, or at least added that many to his home, according to the 1820 census.

About 1820, Abraham HUBLER (b 1779), his wife and several children moved from New Berlin, Limestone Twp, Union Co to Decatur Twp, Clearfield Co, Pennsylvania. [He and his family were listed in the 1820 Federal Census in Clearfield Co], and soon afterward moved to Bradford Twp (now Graham Twp), Clearfield Co. He cleared land, and four of his sons settled there and farmed the land.803 [The place where Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) lived was at the southernmost edge of the modern border of Morris and Decatur Townships, and the farm of his son, Jacob HUBLER (b 1800), was in the center of present-day Graham Township.] Finally, after the 1830 federal census was counted and before the 1840 census was taken, according to one source, 804 Abraham and Margaret HUBLER moved to Ohio where they died. Their eldest son, Jacob HUBLER (1800-1867), married Susanna Smeal of Bradford Twp, Clearfield Co in 1826 (when he was 26), and then moved to Graham Twp, where he fathered ten legitimate children.805

I do not know the fate of Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) or Margaret PAUL HUBLER (1880- ??). They apparently died in Ohio806; and by family tradition, they were buried near the PA-OH border. I suspect that they moved to Trumbull Co, OH with their youngest daughter, Mary Anne HUBLER, in tow before 1840 (since they were not on the 1840 PA census) and died in Trumbull Co, OH. Mary Anne HUBLER subsequently married in Trumbull Co to Anthony Ague in 1843. I have not found a death record or a will, but many civil records in Trumbull Co were burned in a courthouse fire in 1895.807 One family historian had a death date for Abraham HUBLER (b

95

THE HUBLER HISTORY

1779) as 1834, but she cannot find her reference, but undoubtedly that date refers to Abraham Hubler (1790-1834), the son of John Hubler of Northumberland Co, PA, (see below).

The census for Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) shows the movement and make up of the family, as follows:

1790 Plainfield Twp, Northampton Co 808,809 (Jacob HUBLER, Jr. with annotations):1 male > 16 Jacob, Jr. (1742-1811) = 47 [Jacob, Sr. died in 1789 and siblings had

separate households]4 males < 16 [John Jacob-the 2nd (1777- ??) = 12, Abraham (1779- ??) = 10,

William Heinrich (1781- ??) = 8, Daniel (1789- ??) = 1; John Jacob-the 1st (1772- ??) had died]

4 females [Catharine = 45, Catharine (1775- ??) = 15, Christina (1783- ??) = 7, Susanna (1786- ??) = 3]

1800 Moore Twp, Northampton Co 810,811 (Jacob HUBLER, Jr. with annotations):1 male > 45 [Jacob (1742-1811) = 58]1 female >45 [Christina (2nd wife)]2 female 16-26 [Christina (1783- ??) = 17, Susanna (1786) = 13]

[Abraham (1779- ??) = 20 (had moved to Hanover Twp,. see below), Jacob (1777- ??) = 22 (was missing but had his own household), William Heinrich (1781- ??) = 18 (was missing but had his own household), Catherine (1775- ??) = 25 (was missing but probably had married)]

1800 Hanover Twp, Northampton Co (Abraham HUBLER)812,813

1 male 27-45 years (Abraham = 20)1 female 16-26 years (Margaret = 19)0 males < 27 years [Jacob (1800- ??) had not been born when the census was

taken but would be born in Lehigh Co, before his family moved]2 females < 11 years (Elizabeth + unidentified)

1810 New Berlin Twp, Northumberland Co (now Union Co) (Abraham HUBLER) 814,815

1 male 26-45 years (Abraham age 31)1 female 26-45 years (Margaret age 30)4 males < 10 years (Jacob age 9; Moses age 7; two unidentified boys)1 female < 10 years (Elizabeth age 10 and unidentified were gone)

1820 (Bradford Twp) Clearfield Co (Abraham HUBLER) 816,817,818

1 male 26-45 years (Abraham age 41)1 female 26-45 years (Margaret age 40)2 males 16-25 years (Jacob age 20 and Moses age 17)1 male 16-18 years (Moses age 17)1 male 10-16 years (unidentified, but was probably on 1810 census so born ca 1810)2 male < 10 years [Abraham age 7; 1 unidentified probably born ca 1815)]2 females < 10 years (Catharine = 2; 1 unidentified)

1830 (?? Twp) Clearfield Co, PA: (Abraham HUBLER)819, 820

1 male 40-50 years (Abraham age 51)1 female 26-45 (Margaret age 49)1 male 10-15 years (Abraham age 16)1 male 5-10 years (unidentified, but on 1820 census)1 male < 5 years (unidentified)1 female 10-15 years (Catharine = 12)1 female < 5 years (Mary Anne = 5)[NOTES: Jacob HUBLER (1800-1867) = 30, married and on his own; Moses

HUBLER (1803-1855) = 27 had moved back to Centre Co, married and on his own; one unidentified male (b ca 1804) = 26 and was gone or died; one unidentified male (b ca 1812) = 18 and was gone or dead; one unidentified young male (b ca 1815) that was on the 1820 census is still

96

THE HUBLER HISTORY

at home; a new unidentified male child is listed.]1860 Manoning Co, OH

Abraham Hubler—age 46; laborer; value of personal property; born in PAEliza HUBLER—age 40; born in OHJohn C. HUBLER—age 20; born in OHHoracio E. HUBLER—age 18; born in OHElizabeth J. HUBLER—age 17; born in OHLorenzo D. HUBLER—age 12; born in PAFastina E. HUBLER—10; born in PAMarcillus HUBLER—2; born in OH

[Missing (explanation): Abraham HUBLER (1814 Centre Co, PA-?? ) (m Olive Eliza) (son of Abraham HUBLER (1779-ca 1840) and a younger brother of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) probably married in OH and moved to Youngstown, OH (he was not in the 1850 OH census and lived in OH until about ?); John C. HUBLER (1840 OH-1870) (buried in Oak Hill Cemetery, Horatio E. HUBLER (1842 OH-1891) (buried in Oak Hill Cemetery, Youngstown, OH); Elizabeth Jane HUBLER (1843 OH-1861 Youngstown, OH); Lorenzo D. HUBLER (1848 PA-1879) (buried Oak Hill Cemetery); Fustina E. HUBLER (1850 PA- ??); Marcillus HUBLER (1858 OH- ??)

Abraham HUBLER Confusion

There is often confusion about Abraham HUBLERs. Jacob Hubler (1710-1789), the Swiss immigrant, had a grandson [son of Jacob Hubler, Jr. (1742-1811)] named Abraham Hubler (ca 1779-ca 1840). This was my ancestor and is the HUBLER detailed in this report. John HUBLER of Northumberland Co parented an Abraham HUBLER on Dec. 21, 1790 at Turtle Creek, Union Co, PA and who died on May 30, 1834 Jackson Twp, Stark Co, OH). The latter Abraham HUBLER (1790-1834) married Elizabeth Dark and is buried in Mudrock Cemetery, Stark Co, OH. Most of the sons of John Hubler of Northumberland Co migrated to Stark Co, OH. The latter Abraham moved to Ohio about 1810 at age 20; the 1820 Ohio Census Index shows an Abraham HOOVLER in Jackson Twp of Stark County; the Stark County Tax Lists from 1816-1821 shows that Abraham HUBLER was there and shows Abraham HUBLER was in Jackson Twp in SW 1/4 of Sec. 7. The book Ohio Lands: Steubenville Land Office, 1800-1820 shows an Abraham HUPLER buying land in Sec. 7, of Jackson Twp in 1811. That record also shows that he was a resident of Northumberland Co, PA, at the time of the purchase. All these records refer to Abraham HUBLER (1790-1834), the son of John HUBLER. The middle son of Abraham HUBLER (b 1779), Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), moved to Clearfield Co but returned to Point Twp, Centre Co in the early 1820's where he married Sara NEWBERRY (a neighbor of his maternal grandparents, the PAULs) in 1826 and was listed on the census in Point Twp, Centre Co (then Northumberland Co) in 1830. Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) would have been about 17 when the family moved and 23 when he married.

A son of Abraham HUBLER (b 1779), Abraham HUBLER (1814- ??), was born in 1814 in Centre Co (Northumberland Co) and went to Clearfield Co with his parents in 1820. He married Olive Eliza ?? (1820 OH- ??). Since Olive Eliza ?? was born in Ohio and their first children were born in Ohio [John C. HUBLER (1840), Horatio E. HUBLER (1842) and Elizabeth Jane HUBLER (1843-1861)], probably Abraham HUBLER (1814- ??) moved to Ohio about 1838 (when he was 24) (he was on the 1830 census in Clearfield Co, but not in 1840) where he married and began his family. However, I do not know where in Ohio he married. Abraham HUBLER (1814- ??) moved back to Pennsylvania sometime between 1843 and 1848, because two more of their children were born in PA [Lorenzo D. HUBLER (1848) and Fustina E. HUBLER (1850)].821 After his older brother, Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), died in Mahoning Co, OH, he moved with his family to

97

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Youngstown, OH possibly to help his brother's widow. His last child [Marcellus HUBLER (1858)] was born in OH; his family was listed on the Mahoning Co, OH federal census in 1860 as a neighbor of his brother's widow, and most of his children are buried in Oak Hill Cemetery in Youngstown, OH.

The Children of Abraham HUBLER (1779-ca 1835)

Unidentified female HUBLER (b 1798) was the first child born to Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) in Hanover Twp, Northampton Co (now Lehigh Co), PA and probably died in infancy, although one researcher identifies her as Catharine Mills HUBLER (1800-1868) who married Joseph Beyl Shimmer and had eight children and then married Daniel Spangenberg and had two more children; however, I have not confirmed the data. The primary evidence for the existence of the unknown female is the 1790 census, but actually, the census is a list of household members, and thus while it is likely that she was a daughter of Abraham HUBLER (b 1779), she could have been a family member or the daughter of a friend, which was common.

Elizabeth HUBLER (1799) was born in Northampton Co, PA and christened on March 31, 1799 in Shoenersville, Lehigh Co, PA.822 She married John Becker.

Jacob HUBLER (1800-1867) was the first son of Abraham HUBLER (1779-ca 1835). He was born in Northampton Co, PA and christened on Nov. 29, 1800 at Shoenersville, Hanover Twp, Lehigh Co, PA823 just as the HUBLER family was migrating to New Berlin in central PA. After his father [Abraham HUBLER (1779-ca 1835)], moved the family to Clearfield Co, PA in 1820, Jacob HUBLER (1800-1867) married Susanna Smeal824,825,826 and moved to Graham Twp, Clearfield Co in about 1827 and was one of its first residents. He had a good farm near the center of the township. According to the 1850 Bradford Twp, Clearfield Co, PA (Graham Twp was formed from Bradford Twp in 1855) census (it was taken on Aug. 20), Jacob HUBLER was 49 (he would turn 50 in October 1850) as was his wife (Susannah), and he was a farmer; also, a Rachael Smeal (7) lived with them who was undoubtedly a relative of his wife.827 From the beginning, Jacob HUBLER (b 1800) was politically active. His home was the site of the initial meeting to found Graham Township in 1855. He was among men arrested in 1864 for belonging to the Democratic Club, an organization of activists opposing abolition and the draft. He was falsely arrested, and that invidious action might have been a plot to make him responsible for the actions of his sons, Levi and Amos HUBLER. At the time, he was a 65 year-old with the usual infirmities of that age. About 10 P.M. on Dec.1864, he was arrested in his home and brutally treated by his captors, a group of US solders. He was not given a reason for his arrest. Together with several others who had been kidnapped, he started for Philipsburg under arrest with the regiment—a hard march in snow, which took its physical toll. Four days later, he was transferred to Harrisburg. Before leaving Philipsburg, he was told that he would be held responsible for his son (Levi HUBLER) who had been drafted but had not reported for duty. After incarceration for a week, he and forty-two others were placed on the train for Philadelphia, marched to the barracks and kept in a room with broken windows. His boots were frozen on his feet. The next day, he was sent via train to Fort Mifflin, where he was held in a military prison. Finally, Levi HUBLER presented himself at the regimental headquarters, was arrested, sent to Harrisburg, and then to Fort Mufflin, just like his father. Then, Jacob HUBLER (b 1800) was freed (on Mar.15, 1867); but his health failing, he was confined to his bed at home and died on July 4, 1867. Levi HUBLER was paroled on Feb. 22, 1865 and was never recalled. He died in 1868828,829 and is buried in Bigler Cemetery, Bigler, PA. 830,831

Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) is profiled in the following section.Unknown (male) HUBLER (b ca 1810)Abraham HUBLER (b 1814) was born in Centre Co, PA before his parents moved to

Clearfield Co, PA in 1820. He married Olive Eliza ? probably somewhere in Ohio about 1839 (Eliza was born in Ohio in 1820), because his first child (John C. HUBLER) was born in 1840 in Ohio. Abraham HUBLER (b 1814) continued to live in Ohio until 1848 when he returned to his childhood home in Clearfield Co, PA. [It is likely that his parents, Abraham (b 1779) and Margaret

98

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Paul (b 1880), went to Ohio from PA about 1835 and died there. I have not located the site in Ohio, yet.] His daughter (Elizabeth Jane HUBLER) was born in Ohio in 1843, while his next son (Lorenzo D. HUBLER) was born in PA in 1848. Abraham HUBLER (b 1814) continued to live in PA in 1850 when he was listed on the 1850 federal census in Clearfield Co, PA and his daughter (Fustina E. HUBLER) was born. About 1855, he moved to Youngstown, Ohio possibly to help his widowed sister-in-law (Sara Newberry) operate a farm and probably because his older brother, Moses HUBLER (b 1803), had told him about the fertile Ohio farmland. His last son (Marcillus HUBLER) was born in Youngstown in 1858, and Abraham HUBLER (b 1814) was on the 1860 federal census of Youngstown as a “laborer” (a euphemism for farmer) next to Sara (Newberry) HUBLER. He probably was a tenant farmer since I could not find any land owned by him in title records. Later, I think that he returned to PA (I cannot find a death record in Ohio), but several of his sons stayed permanently in Youngstown (John C. HUBLER, Horatio E. HUBLER and Lorenzo D. HUBLER) where they are buried in Oak Hill Cemetery. Mary Anne Vashti HUBLER/HOOBLER (1825-1891) was born in Clearfield Co, PA after her parents moved there in 1820 from New Berlin in central Pennsylvania. Apparently, “Vashi” was a Germanic nickname denoting a girl. It is unlikely that she was a daughter of Sara Newberry (b 1780) because her mother would have been 5 years old when she was born; however, it is possible, and so “Vashti” might have been her natural surname, and I think that more research should be focused here.) She married Anthony Ague (1821-1865) on Oct. 9, 1843 in Youngstown, Trumbull Co, Ohio (he served in the 19th Ohio Infantry in the Civil War)832 by Minister A.G. Stringes on the same date as her niece, Eliz HUBLER, who was about the same age and who married Nathaniel Aga/Ague, probably a cousin of Anthony Ague. She died in 1891.

99

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Northumberland and Union Counties, Pennsylvania

Northumberland Co has a long history of migrating boundaries. The county was formed in 1755 with a foothold in central Pennsylvania and a domination of the north. At first, the county grew dramatically when in 1785 much of north central PA became part of Northumberland Co; however, its size diminished until today it is a small county in central Pennsylvania.

Union County was created on March 22, 1813, from part of Northumberland County. New Berlin was the county seat from 1815-1855. Lewisburg became the county seat in 1855. New Berlin, formerly Longstown (Longe Settle), was laid out in 1792 and incorporated in 1837.

Clearfield County, Pennsylvania

White men first settled Clearfield County in 1783. Before that date, it was part of the vast unexplored Indian territory of the Midwest. In 1783, most of the territory was surveyed and divided into large tracts that were warranted or given to soldiers in the Pennsylvania Line as a reward for service in the American Revolutionary War. Investors in England purchased some tracts. The county was organized and established in 1804 from parts of Lycoming and Huntington Counties and was then known as Chincleclamouche Township. The population of Clearfield County in 1810 was only 875.833

In early 1820, Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) moved his wife, Margaret PAUL HUBLER, and nine children from the familiar confines of New Berlin, Limestone Twp, Union Co, Pennsylvania (Northumberland Co until 1813) where he had resided for twenty years to Decatur Twp, Clearfield Co, a distance of about 50 miles. Two mature sons, Jacob HUBLER (1800-1867) (age 20) and Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) (age 17), were part of the transplanted HUBLER surname families.

Decatur Township, Clearfield County is on the eastern edge of the county and adjoins Centre County. The township was formed in 1828 (eight years after Abraham HUBLER moved there), but settlers began to colonize there as early as 1797. The land was covered with pine and hemlock, and lumbering was an early industry. Later, coal was mined and transported by rail. Farming was a secondary employer.834

Soon after his arrival in Decatur Twp, Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) moved to Bradford Twp, Clearfield County, which was about 20 miles northwest of Decatur Twp Agriculture, was the major industry in Bradford Twp. Coal was not widely mined until 1887.835 Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) continued his agrarian profession of weaving.

In 1827, Jacob HUBLER (1800-1867), the eldest son of Abraham HUBLER (b 1779), married a girl in the pioneer Smeal family of Clearfield County and settled in Graham Township, which is just east of Bradford Twp, and his was one of the first families to reside in the agrarian community.836 Jacob HUBLER (1800-1867) became a successful farmer in Graham Twp and left many descendants there.837

About 1822, Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), the second son of Abraham HUBLER (b 1779), returned from Clearfield County to Northumberland Co, Pennsylvania where in 1825 he married the daughter (Sara NEWBERRY) of a neighbor of his maternal grandparents (the PAULs).

Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) and his wife, Margaret PAUL (1780- ??), moved from Pennsylvania to Ohio between 1830 and 1840 were they died and are buried.838

Graham Township

In 1855, Graham Township was formed by Clearfield Co by decree and election from parts of the townships of Bradford, Boggs, Decater and Morris. The election, which included representatives from those involved townships, was held at the house of Jacob Hubler (1800-1868) [the oldest son of Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) and the older brother of Moses HUBLER (b 1803)]. Graham township is bounded by Susquehanna River (north), Morris (now Cooper) Township (east),

100

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Morris Twp (south), and Bradford, and a small part of Boggs townships (south). The township was named after James B. Graham, who first went to the area with his parents in 1822 and become a resident in 1836. The town of Grahamton was also named for him. Graham was one of the most enterprising residents and businessmen of the area, and he built both a sawmill and gristmill there and engaged extensively in the lumbering business. In 1852, Graham moved to the borough of Clearfield, and became one of its foremost businessmen.

Among the first families in Graham were Jacob Hubler’s who settled there in 1827. He raised a large family of children, cleared up good farms and survived all of the hardships incident to pioneer life. The Hubler farm lay near the center of the township. (In 1864, Jacob Hubler was arrested for a political offense, taken to Fort Mifflin, and there held until March 1865, when he was released. He died in 1868.) Other pioneer families who married into the HUBLER line included the Dixons, Nearhoods, Paces, and Smeals.

Graham Township is known for lumbering, agriculture and coal mining. The village of Grahamton is the trading center of the township.839

101

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The PAUL Family

Nicholas PAUL (July 8, 1748-Apr. ? 16, 1820)840, 841

(Anna) Barbara FASS/VASS/FAHS (Sept. 3, 1757-Nov. 17, 1823) (c Nov. 14, 1757, Rev. J.E. Hecter, roving missionary for Tohickon Reformed Congregation in Bucks Co, PA but traveled to Northampton Co and registered baptisms at Tohickon church; sponsored by Christian Bender and Anna Barbara Knecht; name was Anna Barbara VASS842)

Partial list of family:843,844,845,846

John Jacob PAUL (Apr. 18, 1776847-??) (c July 2, 1776 at Dryland Ch, Northampton; sponsors Jacob Fass & wife Magdalene Herzel) 848,849,850 (m Eliz Miller)851

Jacob Miller PAUL (b ca 1810-1818, PA/VA) (m 1st Nancy Haire/Hare--they had five children: Gemillah, Sarah Elizabeth, Barbara E., George T., and Martha L. all born in PA except Martha b in IL)852

George PAUL (b April 1795)853,854

Joseph PAUL855

Henry ? Miller PAUL (b 1804 in Lebanon/York Co, PA) (had a daughter, Gemella, who was g2grandmother of Gary Hamor) 856

Susanna PAUL (Oct. 12, 1777857-??) (m Jacob Roads858) (c Dryland Ch, Northampton on Dec. 21, 1777 and sponsored by George Adam Ebenreiter and Dorthy Fass) 859

Anna Margaretha (Margaret) PAUL (Sept. 18, 1780860-??) (c Dec. 26, 1780 Dryland Ch,Northampton Co, 861 sponsored by maternal grandparents, George and Margaret FASS)862, 863 (m Abraham HUBLER) 864

Elizabeth PAUL (1782865-??) (m John Amos or Arner866, 867), 868

Anna Maria (Mary) PAUL (Aug. 2, 1784869-June 24, 1850)870, 871 (c Dryland Ch, Nazareth, Northampton Co on Oct. 17, 1784 sponsored by Peter Rohn and Marie Fu(o)chs, single)872, 873 (m Henry Hunsicker)874

Euphemia (Phoebe) Hunzinger (m Henry PAUL) 875

Gemella PAUL (m John Hamor)Isabella PAUL (m John Hamor)876, 877

Ellen Hunzinger (m Wm. Van Kirk) 878

Anna Maria Hunzinger (m James Dieffenbacher) 879

Caroline Huzinger (d < 1844) (Joseph Van Kirk) 880

Julianna Hunzinger (m John Leisenring) 881

Margaret Hunzinger882

Louisa Hunzinger883

Catherine PAUL (1786-??) (m Henry HUBLER884 between 1790-1800)Joseph PAUL (July 27, 1788885-??) (probably died young) (c Nov. 30, 1788 sponsored by

his parents Dryland Ch, Nazareth) 886,887

John PAUL (Feb. 20, 1791888-Oct. 18, 1847) 889, 890 (c Dryland Ch, Northampton Co on Apr. 1, 1791 sponsored by Nicholas Fuchs and Barbara)891, 892 (m Hannah NEWBERRY893, 894, 895 (see Newberry file)

Jessie N. PAUL (1818 Point Twp, Northumberland Co-1896) 896

John F. PAUL (1826 Point Twp-1851) 897

Hannah PAUL (Dec. 30, 1829 Point Twp-Apr. 14, 1910) (m William Grady) 898

Charles PAUL (??-??)899

Barbara PAUL (??-??) (m George Barnhart) 900

Elizabeth PAUL (??-??) (m Anthony NEWBERRY) 901

Sarah PAUL (??-??)902

Christiana PAUL (1794903-??) (m Robert Pardee904 or Purdoe905, 906)Sarah PAUL (ca 1795-1871 Point Twp, Northumberland Co)907 or (1792-1866)908

102

THE HUBLER HISTORY

(m James NEWBERRY, Jr909 in 1810/13910) (for more detailed data, see the NEWBERRY file)

Thomas NEWBERRY (1814 Point Twp-??)911, 912

William NEWBERRY (1817 Point Twp-Sept. 1, 1845) 913 (m Catherine HUBLER)

Joshua J. NEWBERRY (1821-1899) (m Jane Todd in Pardoe, OH) 914 Hunter NEWBERRY (??-??)915

Eliza NEWBERRY (??-??) (m ? Dykes) 916

Dysemy NEWBERRY (??-??) (m ? Ferris) 917

Sarah NEWBERRY (??-??) (m ? McCreary) 918

Mary Ann NEWBERRY (??-??) (m Wm. York) 919

Nancy Ann “Anna” PAUL (1796 Point Twp, Northumberland Co920-??) (m Albin NEWBERRY in 1810921,922) (see Newberry file)

Washington NEWBERRY (Oct. 16, 1815 Northumberland Co-Dec. 6, 1900 Tioga Co, PA) [m Susannah F. (1820-1860)]

Amanda NEWBERRY (Oct. 11, 1817923-Sept. 20, 1902924) (m Joseph Scull)925

Amos NEWBERRY (?-??)926 (m Catharine Taylor) (lived in Clarion Co, PA)927

Oresha NEWBERRY (1822-1900) 928 (m Elizabeth Smith) 929

Lorenzo NEWBERRY (1824-??) (m Elizabeth ??)George NEWBERRY (1827-??)930

Martha NEWBERRY (June 29, 1826/1829 -Apr. 5, 1910)931 (m Charles Wendle)Harvey NEWBERRY (1838-??)932

Susan NEWBERRY (1841-??)933

Sanera NEWBERRY (1844-??)934

The origin of the PAUL family has not been established. Some authors935 believe that several PAUL brothers were the sons of William PAUL, Sr. (??-May 25, 1786), and that the PAULs populated Northumberland Co, PA from the time of the Revolutionary War. The PA Archives, 3rd Series, Vol. 25 shows separate land warranties to Joseph PAUL (1773), Lawrence PAUL (1773), Jonathan PAUL (1774) and William PAUL, Jr. (1785). These authors936, 937 postulate that Nicholas PAUL was born in Lancaster Co, PA on July 8, 1748 and married Barbara HESS about 1820. Furthermore, it is stated that she was born in Lancaster Co on Mar. 5, 1755 and outlines the HESS family genealogy. The data does not coincide with mine; however, Nicholas PAUL’s offspring matches. My data follows. Others938 suggest that Nicholas PAUL (1748-1820) was born in Germany.

Several families with the PAUL (or PAULUS) surname resided in the late 1780’s in Northampton Co, PA, and the records are replete with the PAUL name.939 Some suspect that Nicholas PAUL (1748-1820) had siblings born in Northampton Co and was privately baptized on March 15, 1770 by Rev. Phillip Rap and entered in the Tohickon Lutheran register—Elizabeth PAUL (Aug, 8, 1750), Catharine PAUL (April 30, 1752) and John PAUL (May 13, 1757). The latter three ceremonies where witnessed by their parents (not named).940 A child of Frederick PAUL and Anna Maria PAUL named Maria Magdalene PAUL was born on Aug. 4, 1780 and baptized on Feb. 11, 1781, sponsored by Ulrich Schleppe and Julianna at the Dryland Church. 941 This Frederick PAUL was too old to be a son of Nicholas PAUL and too young to be his father. However, since the Dryland Church was the baptismal site for the children of Nicholas PAUL and since the baptismal was in a similar timeframe, Frederick and Nicholas PAUL were probably related (maybe brothers). Frederick PAUL is not listed in the Dryland Church registers again, and he might have moved or died.

It is sure that there was a Nicholas PAUL who resided in and had most of his family in Northampton Co, and he was intercalated with the HUBLERs there, enlisted in the PA militia in Northampton Co, and probably married Anna Barbara FAS (not HESS) there. In about 1800, Nicholas PAUL moved from Northampton Co to Northumberland Co (next door to the

103

THE HUBLER HISTORY

NEWBERRYs) and finished their lives there. Many court documents for Nicholas PAUL were filed in Northampton Co in the 1780-1790’s and in Northumberland Co after 1800. Maybe, there were two or more distinct Nicholas PAULs.

Nicholas PAUL (1748-1820) married Barbara FAS (1757-1823) about 1775. Their first known child (John Jacob PAUL) was born in April 1776. 942 Nicholas PAUL (1748-1820) and his family lived in Northampton Co at that time. He was probably a farmer. On the 1780 Northampton County Tax List for Bethlehem Twp, Nicholas Paul was listed as a labourer and was assessed 110 pounds.943 Nicolas and Barbara PAUL baptized many of their children in Dryland Church, Bethel Twp, Northampton Co, PA in the late 1770's and 1780's; and most of their children were born in Northampton Co, Pennsylvania. 944 In addition, Nicholas PAUL and Barbara sponsored a baptismal (Jacob Keiter) at the Dryland Church on Dec. 28, 1783. 945

Nicholas PAUL (1748-1820) was a second lieutenant in the PA militia in Northampton Co as early as 1777 in the 3rd company, 5th Battalion of the Northampton Co Militia. He was listed on May 21, 1777 as third in command under Capt. Henry Lawall and 1st Lt. Nicholas Michael; under him was Ensign Henry Hartzell. Not long after that, the militia was reorganized; and Capt. Lawall was promoted to Lt. Col.; but I don't know if Nicholas PAUL advanced.946 Nicholas PAUL (1748-1820) was enlisted in the Northampton Co militia in 1784 and 1785.947,948 After the Revolutionary War was over, Nicholas PAUL (1748-1820) was a farmer in the 1786 and 1788 federal tax rolls; and he was a resident of Bethlehem Twp, Northampton Co with 150 acres, 2 horses and 4 cattle.949 In 1790 Nicholas PAUL was a nail maker in Philadelphia City, Race St., south to 9th950, but I doubt if he was the same Nicholas PAUL who was on the 1790 census in Northampton Co. Nicklas Paul signed an oath of allegiance in PA, but the year was not given, and he might be Paul referred to above.951

By the late 1790's, several PAUL children married and left the PAUL nest. In about 1797, the daughter of Nicholas PAUL (1748-1820) and Barbara FAS (1757-1823), Margaret PAUL (1790-??), married Abraham HUBLER (ca 1779-??). According to Gloria Harzell's book on Huber,952 Nicholas/Barbara PAUL had a daughter, Catherine [who was Margaret (PAUL) HUBLER's sister] who married a Henry HUBLER. She questions whether Henry HUBLER was really Henry Huber since a George HESS advised her about her children and Barbara was a HESS. However, Wilheim Heinrich (Henry) HUBLER probably married Catherine PAUL,953 and Catharine PAUL's maternal grandfather was George FAS.

In about 1799 or 1800, Nicholas PAUL (1748-1820) and what was left of his large family settled in Northumberland Co. The farm that they bought was only a few miles northwest of Northumberland, Point Twp, Northumberland Co, Pennsylvania (on what is now Route 11 traversing Northumberland Co from Northumberland northward to Danville, PA.).954 The farm of Nicholas PAUL (1748-1820) and Barbara FAS (1757-1823) was just north of the North Branch of the Susquehanna River. Undoubtedly, Nicholas PAUL (1748-1820) purchased the land with money received from a Revolutionary War pension and from the sale of property back in Northampton Co. Many Revolutionary War soldiers received compensatory land and encouragement to settle in the sparsely populated central and western parts of Pennsylvania.

The PAULs were neighbors of James and Sara NEWBERRY who already lived in Point Twp. The NEWBERRYs in Point Twp farm was separated from the PAUL farm by a dirt road. Later, a canal was dug parallel to the road. Eventually, a railroad was constructed beside the road; and the road was paved. Betty Brungard who lived in Point Twp in the 1950s recalls that the canals were no longer in use then, and the canal had been filled in with dirt, enough to be a crossing passageway. When the highway (Route 11) from Northumberland to Danville, PA was widened, the NEWBERRY farmhouses were removed (one was torn down; the other was moved to Point, where it stands today). There was a Presbyterian Church beside the NEWBERRY farmhouse in 1858, but only a foundation and spring are left there. I do not know the fate of the PAUL house. I do not know how the PAULs and NEWBERRYs crossed the canal, which separated the farms.955, 956

The NEWBERRY and PAUL families not only became neighbors in Northumberland Co, they shared more. At least three of the NEWBERRY children married PAUL children; and since

104

THE HUBLER HISTORY

most stayed in Northumberland County, Nicholas/Barbara PAUL and James/Sara NEWBERRY watched many grandchildren play on their farms. When his first grandson, Jacob HUBLER (b 1800) was baptized in November1800 in Hanover Twp, Lehigh Co (then Northampton Co), PA at the Christ Lutheran Congregation, Nicholas PAUL was a sponsor. 957

Both Nicholas and Barbara PAUL are buried in Riverview Cemetery in Northumberland (the headstones are imprinted with Nicholas Paul, born July 8, 1748 and died April 16, 1820 at 72 yrs.; and Barbara Paul, wife of Nicholas Paul, born Sept 27, 1757, died Nov 17, 1823, aged 66 yr, 1 m, 24 days958); however, that cemetery did not open until 1847 (both PAULs died twenty years earlier, but many times there were burials on a particular piece of land years before it was dedicated and designated as an official cemetery, or in contradistinction, they may have been moved from another place and re-interred there or their headstones were erected as a monument long after their demise—their headstones are in good shape and there are many PAULs interred there959), and their tombstones are in good shape for their death dates, so they may have been moved from another site.960 No one knows where James and Sarah NEWBERRY are buried. The only cemetery in Point Twp at that time was on the Wilson farm (Presbyterian Cemetery), but no one knows where the Wilson farm was located (in 1858, there was a Presbyterian Church beside the NEWBERRY farm, but apparently it was abandoned in the early 1900's and only the foundations remain; and there are no grave makers there). The NEWBERRYs must have been buried in unmarked graves on their own land, or on the Wilson farm.

The estate of Nicholas PAUL (1748-1820) was administered by his sons, John PAUL and Jacob PAUL. His widow, Barbara FAS (1757-1823), renounced her rights and assigned them in 1820 to her sons.961 In court records, Barbara [FASS] PAUL, the widow of Nicholas PAUL, recounted all rights to administer the estate of her late husband and recommended her son, John PAUL (who accepted the duty). The document demonstrated that she made an “X” mark in lieu of a signature, so she could not write, not an unusual state for a women in that era. The record was counter signed by James NEWBERRY, Nicholas PAULS’s son-in-law (who signed his name). Significantly, it was dated April 2, 1820, 962 which if correct would establish a death date for Nicholas PAUL before then.

105

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The FAS Family

George FASS-FAS-VASS (?1715-Jan., 1795 Allentown Twp, Northampton Co, PA)963 Margaret ?? (ca 1737- > 1795)

Partial list of children:Anna Barbara FASS-VASS (Sept. 3, 1757-Nov. 17, 1823) [c Nov. 14, 1757 by Rev. J.E.

Hecter, a roving missionary for Tohickon Reformed Cong. in Bucks Co, PA who traveled to Northampton Co and registered baptisms at Tohickon church; sponsored by Christian Bender and Anna Barbara Knecht (see below); name was Anna Barbara VASS]964, 965 (she received Holy Communion at the Dryland Church on Jul 13, 1772) 966 (m Nicolas PAUL)

Philip FASS (??-1830 Lower Nazareth Twp, Northampton Co, PA) (m Elizabeth) (wasthe administrator of his father's estate) (when he died, he named hisfriend, Jacob Kreider, as executor of his estate; so wife was dead ?)967

Dorothy FASS (??-??) (m Peter Ebenreuther) (Dorothy and Peter FASS were sponsors for thechristening of Maria Catherine HUBLER, the daughter of Jacob,Jr./Catherine HUBLER in 1775)

Peter FAS (Jan. 3, 1778-Oct., 1830) (baptized Dryland Ref Cong on May 9, 1778;sponsors were Jacob and Catherine HUBLER) 968 (in the 1790 census, Peter Fass lived with 2 males >16, 2 males <16 and 5 females)

The FAS family was variously listed under "FAS,” “FAUS,” “FASZ,” "FASS,” "VAS,” "VASS" and "HESS.” Since all were pronounced very similarly, transcriberes wrote what they heard. The FAS and PAUL families had long been associated with the HUBLER surname families in Northampton Co, PA.

Johan George Faas, aged 23, immigrated to Philadelphia on the ship, Winter Gally on September 5, 1738. 969 Also on the same ship was Johan Philip Faas, 20, 970 who was probably his younger brother (and possibly the namesake of his son). In the 1772 Proprietary Tax list for Northampton and Lehigh Counties, George FASS, farmer, lived in Allen Twp and was taxed one pound.971 George FASS (??-1795) resided in Paradise Twp, York Co, PA in 1779, 1782, 1783;972 but he must have moved (or there were two George Fas) because George Faas was on a 1786 Tax List in Allen Twp;973 and in 1792, George FASS (??-1795) resided and paid federal tax on land that he owned in Allen Twp, Northampton Co, PA. He was a yeoman.974 He was not listed in the 1790 census for Northampton County or in the will book975 (he was still living), but there was a Philip Face in Nazareth Twp for the 1790 census. 976 When he died intestate in 1795, his widow (Margareth ??) renounced her right to administer the estate and assigned all rights to her son [Philip FASS (??1830)]. She signed with a "mark.” It was witnessed by John Hartzell. On Feb. 5, 1795, Philip Faas (??-1830) signed an administrative bond along with fellow bondsman (and in-law), Nicholas PAUL (1748-1820) of Bethlehem Twp. [the father of Margaret PAUL (1780- ??) who married Abraham HUBLER (b 1779)] and witnessed by John Hartzell of Nazareth Twp]. The estate was settled for 826 lbs., 3 shillings and 6 pence.977

Margaret ?? FAS (??-??), the mother of Barbara FAS (1780-??) had her first communion in the Dryland Reformed Congregation on July 13, 1772. She would have been 15 years old, so she was 23 years old when Margaret FASS (PAUL) (1780-??) was born.978

Philip and Elizabeth FASS sponsored the birth of John Jacob HUBLER (the Younger), the son of Jacob HUBLER, Jr. in 1778. 979

Phillip FAS (??-1830) was an ensign Capt. John Santee’s company in the Northampton Co Militia in 1780.980

Philip FASS (??-1830) died with a will that was proved in Jan. 1831. He was the son of George and Margaret FASS, and a brother of Barbara FASS (PAUL) and a brother-in-law of Nicholas PAUL (1748-1820). 981

106

THE HUBLER HISTORY

From the records of Christ Church, Schoenersville, Lehigh County: Easter 1803 on the list of people who attended the Lord's Supper were Elizabeth Fasz and Salome Hebler (? Kleper); and on May 6, 1804, at the Lord's Supper were Elizabeth Faus and Salome Hubler; and on May 5, 1805, Maria Hebler was confirmed, and Elisabeth Faas attended the Supper but not Salome; and on Easter 1806, at the Lord's Supper Elisabeth Faas and Magdalena Hebler attended.982 Probably all of these events of Elizabeth Fas were done by the wife of to Philip Fas.

When Maria Catharine HUBLER (the daughter of Jacob HUBLER, Jr. and Catharine HUBLER and the sister of Abraham HUBLER) was baptized on Nov. 4, 1775 at the Dryland Reformed Congregation, the sponsors were Peter Ebenreuther and Dorothy FAS.

Dorothy FAS had a child, Peter FAS, baptized on May 9, 1778 and the sponsors were Jacob and Catherine HUBLER.983 Dorothy FAS was a sister to Barbara FAS (PAUL) and was probably married to Peter Ebenreuther.984

The birth of Anna Barbara Vass, daughter of George and Mrs. Margaret Vass, on September 3, 1757, was recorded at Tohickon Reformed (Union) Church in Hagersville (Bedminster Twp), Bucks, Pennsylvania.985,986 The sponsors of the baptism of (Anna) Barbara FAS (PAUL) (1757-1823) in 1757 were (Anna) Barbara Knect (born about 1742 and married Diedrich Heller in 1762) and Christian Bender (born about 1740 and married Christina Pfeifer in 1759).987 Barbara FAS received Holy Communion at Dryland Church on July 13, 1772988, and since the event was usually celebrated around age 16, the date would corroborate the birth year and person.

In 1997, in Berlin, Germany (Germany’s largest city with almost 4 million residents) listed 2 FASS, 1 FAHS,and no VASS,989 while there were several FAHSs, VASSs and FASSs in the phone book in Nazareth, Easton and Allentown, PA.

107

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The HUBLER Family in Ohio

Ohio

About 12,000 BCE, Paleo-Indians (descendants of small clans of Ice Age humans who crossed ice bridges connecting present-day Alaska and present-day Russia) inhabited the Ohio country when ice sheets still covered northern and western Ohio. Like their forefathers, these nomads followed the migratory herds of mastodons, mammoths and other prehistoric animals that fed on the vegetation growing at the edge of the ice. They hunted them with spears and on foot. As the Ice Age ended and global warming caused the glaciers to retreat and hardwood forests to grow, the Paleo-Indians spread north to the Great Lakes. About 8,000 BCE, a semisedentary people survived in the area by hunting, fishing, and gathering. Sedentary residents, the Mound Builders, who domesticated crops and established trade networks, followed them in 100 BCE. Many prehistoric Amerindian tribes disappeared in the mists of the past. By 1,000 AD, the Mississippian traditional Amerindians were well established, including such cultural groups as the Fort Ancient people in southern Ohio, the Whittlesey in northeastern Ohio and the Sandusky in northwestern Ohio. Their villages were stockaded; they hunted with bows and arrows, and they cultivated corn, beans, and squash. The Mississippians were frequently at war with other native peoples from the south and east. The powerful Iroquois, finally drove the remaining Mississippians from Ohio in the late 1650s, leaving the area mostly uninhabited.By the late 1690s, Native Americans from other areas began migrating to Ohio for the plentiful game and to escape encroaching white settlers and other native groups. From the north came the Huron and the Ottawa peoples; from the northeast came bands of mixed-blood Iroquois (Mingo); from the east came the Delaware; from the south came the Shawnee, and from the west came the Miami.

By 1640, French cartographers drew maps of North America showing the detentions and size of Lake Erie, but the first European known to have reached the Ohio country was the French explorer Adrien Jolliet in 1669, and the European discovery of the Ohio River was in about 1670 by French explorer René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle. France soon established dominance over the Great Lakes region, the Mississippi Valley, and the western part of the Ohio region, building forts and sending fur traders and missionaries to work with the Native Americans.

The English first reached the Ohio country through fur-trading expeditions from New York, traveling to Lake Erie as early as 1685 and to the Ohio River in 1692. In 1748, the British constructed a fort and trading post at the Miami people’s village of Pickawillany in the heart of French-controlled territory. Many of the local Native Americans became allies and trading partners with the British. Then after an attempt to cajole the errant Native Americans, in 1752 the French sent a force of about 250 Native Americans to raid Pickawillany, and they killed many and partially demolished the British fort. The use of force increased French prestige among the Ohio tribes, who sided with France when it fought Britain for control of the North American colonies in the French and Indian War (1754-1763). However, Britain won the war, and under the terms of the Treaty of Paris in 1763, the French ceded to Britain most of their territory and forts in North America, including all of the Ohio country.

Immediately after the French ceded the Ohio country, Native Americans led by the Ottawa chief Pontiac tried to drive the British out and to restore the native peoples’ autonomy. Pontiac’s forces were successful, but when they learned that they would not get help from the French, Pontiac signed a treaty ending the war. Later, the Amerindians of Ohio sided with the British during the American Revolution (1775-1783). American troops attacked Native American settlements in the Ohio country, and the native peoples retaliated by attacking American settlements across the Ohio River in Kentucky. When the war ended in 1783, Britain ceded Ohio to the United States, along with the area that now forms Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and the eastern part of Minnesota.

The Congress of the United States organized the region stretching from Ohio to Minnesota as the Northwest Territory. Before that time, only a few squatters had settled in the Ohio country, but more came. In 1788, the Ohio Company of Associates established the first permanent settlement at Marietta, Ohio. The influx of settlers into southern Ohio aroused the hostility of the Native Americans. They raided outlying settlements, killing pioneers and driving others back to the larger settlements along the

108

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Ohio River. In 1792, General Anthony Wayne, a Revolutionary War veteran, was put in command of the frontier forces, and he created an efficient army and built headquarters at Fort Greenville, about halfway between Cincinnati and the major native settlements on the Maumee River. In 1794, Wayne defeated the Native Americans, burned their villages and cornfields and dictated peace terms. Under the Treaty of Greenville, the Indian chiefs ceded to the federal government extensive areas of the Northwest Territory, including all of southern and eastern Ohio.

Another wave of migration to the Ohio country occurred after the succession of the Native American-white American settler conflict. Most of the new settlers came from Virginia, which at that time extended all the way to the Ohio River, and Connecticut. By December 1798, the number of free adult males across the Northwest Territory had reached 5,000. In 1800, Congress divided the Northwest Territory so that the eastern area, approximately the present state of Ohio, remained the Northwest Territory and the western area was named the Indiana Territory. By 1802, the population of the Northwest Territory was nearly 60,000. Becoming a state did not calm the populace though. Soon after Ohio became a state, a new conflict began between Native Americans and white settlers. The Shawnee chief, Tecumseh, and his brother, the Prophet, formed an alliance of native peoples to resist further white settlement and regain former native lands. Although they received help from the British, but their forces were defeated. However, many Ohio residents believed that the threat of conflict with the Native Americans would not be permanently eliminated until the British were driven out of Canada, and they enthusiastically supported the War of 1812 (1812-1815), which the United States declared against Britain. Ohio became the staging area for the northern theater of the war. Supply routes crossed the state, and blockhouses and stockades were hastily built in northern Ohio to defend the area that bordered on British-held Canada.

The Native American uprising and the war with Britain had slowed the stream of settlers migrating to Ohio, but it resumed after peace was established in 1815. By 1820, the population of Ohio rose to 581,434, and during the following decade, it reached 937,903. Settlement continued to be concentrated along the Ohio River and in the valleys of its major tributaries. The completion of the Erie Canal in New York in 1825 provided a link between the Great Lakes and the Atlantic seaboard, and by 1850, settlements had spread over all of Ohio.

Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) and his family settled in Coitsville, Mahoning Co (then Trumbull Co), Ohio in 1833. Other HUBLERs had settled earlier in other counties.

The overwhelming majority of settlers in Ohio in the early 1800s were farmers. Initially, they cleared the land and raised crops to fill their own needs. By the early 1820s, however, many farmers in the state’s rich river valleys were raising substantial surpluses of cattle, hogs, and grain (much of which was converted into whiskey at local stills). Most of the surplus agricultural produce was shipped along the Ohio and Mississippi rivers to New Orleans, and livestock was driven eastward over Appalachian trails to be sold. By the early 1820s, it was clear that Ohio’s potential for agricultural production could not be fulfilled without better transportation. The state’s navigable waterways served only a fraction of the farmland, and although a network of unpaved roads crisscrossed the state, overland transportation was difficult, slow, and expensive. Two major canals (the Ohio-Erie and Miami-Erie) and several smaller canals were constructed spurring settlement and cultivation of vast interior regions of Ohio. Also, farming became more efficient with the use of newly developed farm machinery. [Moses HUBLER was a farmer, and according to his son (James Newberry HUBLER), he also was a good mechanic.] Railroads were first built in Ohio in the 1830s, and by the end of 1851 lines connected most of the state’s major cities. The largest industry in the state before 1860 was meatpacking, and major industries included salt making, ceramics, iron working, lumbering, and paper manufacturing. In 1860, with a population of 2.3 million, Ohio was the third most populous state in the nation.

In the years before the American Civil War (1861-1865), Ohio was home to many antislavery publications and an elaborate Underground Railroad network, which helped fugitive slaves escape to Canada. When war broke out, more than 30,000 Ohio residents, more than twice the state’s quota, volunteered to fight in the Union Army. However, as the war dragged on, support for the war declined, and many Ohioans resisted draft calls. However, Ohio remained firmly on the side of the Union

109

THE HUBLER HISTORY

throughout the war, and Ohio lay outside the active theater of war. [A.W. HUBLER and other HUBLERs enlisted and fought in Ohio regiments in the Civil War.]

In the decades after the Civil War, the most important development was the enormous growth of manufacturing. Northern Ohio became a major center for producing iron, steel, and related products such as machinery, machine tools, and fabricated metal items. [A.W. HUBLER and other relatives were involved in the steel industry in the late 19th century.] Ohio’s industrial growth also brought growth of a strong labor movement. [A.W.HUBLER was the president of his local labor union until his retirement.] The American Federation of Labor (AFL) was founded in Columbus, Ohio, in December 1886, during a period of widespread strikes by workers seeking an eight-hour day. Its purpose was to organize skilled workers into unions, support legislation beneficial to labor, reduce working hours, and improve working conditions and wages. In 1937, violent strikes occurred in 1937 in Youngstown and Cleveland after the steel companies refused to negotiate with workers, several strikers were killed, and hundreds were injured. Union-organizing rights were guaranteed in 1935 when Congress passed the National Labor Relations Act, and in 1947, the Labor-Management Relations Act, known as the Taft-Hartley Act, emphasized the right of employees to refuse to join a union or participate in collective action.

During the late 19th century, the state’s giant industrial interests dominated politics in Ohio. On the state and local levels, the industrial interests controlled both major parties through political machines. Corruption, graft, and fraudulent election practices flourished. With the outbreak of World War I (1914-1918) in Europe in 1914, Ohio’s progressive era came to a close, as concern over international affairs overshadowed domestic issues. Most Ohioans were sympathetic to the neutral stance taken by President Woodrow Wilson early in the war; however, Germany’s submarine attacks on neutral shipping early in 1917 caused sentiment to shift, and a majority of the state and nation supported America’s entry into the war. The 1920s were marked by economic prosperity and continued industrial growth in Ohio, but the stock market crash of 1929 precipitated the period of nationwide economic hardship known as the Great Depression in the 1930s. More than a million Ohio residents lost their jobs. The Depression was particularly severe in the centers of heavy industry, such as Youngstown, Akron, Toledo, and Cleveland. In those areas, where there was little diversification, it was claimed that one-third of the wage earners were unemployed. But, full recovery came only with the onset of World War II (1939-1945).

To meet the demands of war, Ohio’s agricultural production was increased by 30 percent, the mining of bituminous coal was increased 82 percent, and industrial employment rose by 68 percent, particularly in the production of iron, steel, rubber, aircraft parts, ships, tanks, jeeps, and other motor vehicles. The industrial boom of the war years continued into the 1950s and 1960s. Old industries expanded and new industries developed. Beginning in the early 1970s, the state’s older industrial base began to crumble. Many Ohio plants had become old-fashioned and obsolete, and labor costs in the heavily unionized state were well above those in the South and West and far higher than those overseas. Energy costs soared as Ohio’s high-quality coal and natural gas were depleted and crude oil prices tripled. Steel plants in Youngstown and Cleveland shut down. Across the state, industry after industry closed or drastically cut production, and unemployment soared. The term “Rust Belt” was increasingly applied to Ohio and the other older industrial states of the Northeast and Midwest.

Ohio’s industrial decline bottomed out in the 1980s as the older, heavier industries were modernized, replaced, or supplemented with newer, high technology industries. By the 1990s Ohio again ranked among the top five manufacturing states, producing automobiles, machinery, computers, chemicals, paper products, plastics, primary and fabricated metal products, soaps, and processed food.

Youngstown and Mahoning County, Ohio

Native Americans populated the eastern Ohio territory thousands of years before the arrival of the white Europeans. The mysterious Mound Builders left 8,000 earthen mounds in the Ohio Valley, but the people disappeared centuries before modern man arrived. The only historical Native American Indian tribe, the Eries, was of Iroquoian ancestry and roamed around the Mahoning Valley. The area had a natural salt springs which drew many nomadic peoples, but they did not

110

THE HUBLER HISTORY

seem to stay. The Delaware probably were the most populous in the area.990 Cavalier LaSalle claimed the Ohio territory for France in 1670 and is reputed to be the first "white man" to have trod the soil. The American Indians controlled the wild area for 120 more years. The French usually became allies of the Native Americans while the English antagonized the natives. The French trader was often cut from the same metal as his host and was more interested in commerce than settlements, so was less a threat than his English counterpart who invaded the land with eyes for claiming it as his own. Also, the French seemed to attempt to convert the "heathen" to Christianity with gentle persuasion in juxtaposition to the English demagogue who demanded total and immediate civilization of all Native Americans. So, the French traversed the western and central Ohio territory with impunity while the English claimed the eastern fringe.

The French and Indian War resolved European claims to Ohio--England obtained Ohio. However, settlement by the white man was infrequent because of the hostility of the Native American resident. The American Indians allied with their old enemy, the English, against the land hungry American who always moved west in search of space and farmland. But the Indians lost out again. Ohio was ceded to the United States by the treaty, which ended the Revolutionary War. Several Eastern seaboard states extended their western borders to engulf the newly annexed territory. Connecticut claimed the area of 5,000 square miles south of Lake Erie, including Mahoning County.991 The land was called the Western Reserve and it slightly larger than the modern state of Connecticut. The hostile natives were finally chased out on 1794 by General Anthony Wayne. The was no peaceful coexistence possible; the Native American was simply forced to moved west, and their homeland was filled with Connecticut immigrants. The last altercation between settlers and Indians in Mahoning County was in 1800.

John Young and a group of settlers purchased 15,500 acres of land for $16,000 from the Connecticut Land Company in 1797, managed to clear 3 acres of brush that was as high as a man's head when mounted on horseback and built a cabin. His name was given to the settlement, Youngstown. Coitsville Township was begun nearby in 1798 by Amos Loveland. By 1802, a sawmill and tavern served the immigrants to Coitsville.992

During the latter part of the 1700's, settlers arrived by three roadways, which had been hacked through the wilderness. Forbes Road (later known as the Pennsylvania State Road) was a military supply road from Philadelphia through Lancaster and Pittsburgh into Mahoning County. Braddock's Road (Cumberland Road) was a more difficult passage as it went from Virginia, across the Appalachian Mountain from Fort Cumberland. The third way to Mahoning County was the most circuitous, the Wilderness Trail through the Shennandoah Valley, across the Cumberland Gap and along the Warrior's path. Steamboat travel down the Ohio River and Lake Erie brought American settlers; and a series of canals crisscrossed Ohio by the early 1800's.993 When the Erie Canal was completed in 1825, hordes of people flowed into the state of Ohio.

Ohio became a "territory" in 1799 and the 17th state in 1803. The Western Reserve region of northeastern Ohio was divided into ten counties. Mahoning County was carved from Trumbell and Columbiana Counties in 1846.994 Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) was a pioneer in eastern Ohio when he braved the wildness in 1832 and carved out a farm for his family in the hamlet of Coitsville (located just west of Youngstown), and later moved to Youngstown proper. The population of Coitsville in 1840 was 1,009 and Youngstown village was 1,630.995

Travel in Ohio in the 1830’s was limited to a few trails and the rivers winding through the wooden terrain, but that changed in the 1850's as trains replaced and supplemented canal, river and road transportation. By 1860, the population of Youngstown had skyrocketed to 5,377. It would no longer be called a village. In the Youngstown area of old Ohio, the farming fields of Coitsville were replaced by urban centers.

When in 1845 coal was discovered in nearby Pennsylvania; Youngstown used the element and 19th century technology to develop an iron smelting industry. The Civil War fanned the growth and prosperity of Youngstown. The war machine of the North needed cannon, bullets, 990Aley, Howard C. A Heritage to Share. The Bicentennial History of Youngstown and Mahoning County, Ohio. 1975. Obtained through CC Interlibrary Loan System, Oct., 1993.

111

THE HUBLER HISTORY

and more iron products for its survival, and Youngstown filled the need. In addition, thousands of Mahoning County men volunteered for service in the Great Army of the Republic.996

Youngstown made it through the gay nineties, despite the national economic panic of 1893, and emerged even stronger. By 1900, Youngstown had grown to over 150,000 residents and was one of the major industrial metropolitan sites in Ohio. Steak cost 15 cents a pound, a very good home in the best part of town was $2,200 and spinach sold for 20 cents for 3 cans. Life in Youngstown was good and prosperous. An opera house graced the town square; a hospital severed the people; monuments and fountains sprouted throughout the parks; and the lifestyle was comfortable.997

Once more, war strained the smelting capacity of Youngstown as World War II erupted. But this time, steel, as well as, iron and lead was the smelting product in demand. Steel was for ships, helmets and guns; lead was for ammunition. The prosperity of Youngstown surged ahead when World War I began in 1917. But prosperity was also combined with sacrifice. Food was in short supply. "Meatless" and "wheatless" days were the way American citizens shared hardship with the soldiers in Europe.998 The War ended in 1918; a surprise to almost all Americans.

An unwanted immigrant from Europe arrived in 1918--the Spanish influenza. The pandemic killed 400,00-500,000 Americans. The disease might have been carried to France by Chinese coolies; and from there, the virus went to Spain, then to America. Mahoning County saw scores of its residents die from the disease. Almost no street escaped a funeral. The medical community was hard pressed since many doctors and nurses were away in the War.999

112

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Moses HUBLER (1803-1855)

Moses HUBLER (April 14, 1803 Center Co, PA-March 16, 1855 Mahoning Co, OH)1000, 1001,1002

Sara NEWBERRY (July 14, 1807 Center Co, PA-April 17, 1891 Mahoning Co, OH) 1003,1004

(m Oct. 9, 1825)Eliza HUBLER (Sept. 18, 1826 Centre Co, PA-April 29, 1908 Youngstown, OH) 1005,1006

(m Nathanial Aga, on Oct. 9, 1843/42 in OH) (see following)Nathaniel Aga (Ague)—1st husband (m 1843)Sarah S. Aga (b 1845)1007, 1008,1009

Amanda Jane Aga (b 1847/8) 1010,1011,1012 (m Alexander Mckibben in 1864)1013

Jane M. Aga (b 1848/50) 1014,1015,1016

Mary B. Aga (b March 28, 1852) 1017 (m William R. Hodge in 1868) 1018

Lillian E. Hodge (b Jun 1876) 1019

Jessey Hodge (b Sep 1878) 1020

Maud Hodge (b Feb 1851) 1021

Florence Hodge (b 1887) 1022

William Hodge (b 1889) 1023

Mary Hodge (b 1892) 1024

Ruth Hodge (b 1894)1025

Lillian Aga (b 1857) 1026,1027

Charles Aga (b 1859)1028, 1029

Jacob Hughes—2nd husband)1030, 1031 (m ca 1870) 1032,1033

William Barton Jacob Hughes (1868-1945) 1034 (m Sarah Chambers) (2 children)(Sue Collins is a descendant) 1035

James NEWBERRY HUBLER (May 12, 1828 PA1036,1037-19051038 CA) (moved to CA) (m 2x) (see following)

1st wife, Eugenia Laurant (ca 1830-Oct. 28, 1863) (m in 1854):Eugene William (Bill) HUBLER (b 1857)1039, 1040 (worked as a blacksmith in

Sacramento and Oakland, CA1041 until he moved to Portland, OR)

1000True American Newspaper, Mahoning County Nespaper ObituaryAbstracts, 1843-1870. Ohio Newspaper Abstracts Series.1001History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. VoL. I, p 475. Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.1002 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1003 Obituary of Sarah (NEWBERRY) HUBLER.1004 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1005 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1006 E-mail from Sue Collins (BCOLL3038@aol.com) on Oct. 13, 1999.1007 E-mail from Sue Collins (BCOLL3038@aol.com) on Oct. 13, 1999.1008 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 31, 1997 (she has collected much on the Ague family), listed 1850 census for Weatherfield Dist., Trumball Co,OH..1009 GED from Shirley Landry.1010 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 31, 1997 (she has collected much on the Ague family), listed 1850 census for Weatherfield Dist., Trumball Co,OH.1011 GED from Shirley Landry.1012 E-mail from Sue Collins on Jan. 5, 2000.1013 E-mail from Sue Collins on Jan. 5, 2000.1014 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 31, 1997 (she has collected much on the Ague family), listed 1850 census for Weatherfield Dist., Trumball Co,OH..1015 GED from Shirley Landry.1016 E-mail from Sue Collins on Jan. 5, 2000.

113

THE HUBLER HISTORY

2nd wife, Cayatana Pena (1845-1918) (m on Feb. 2, 1865):1042, 1043 (see following)Jouquina HUBLER (1866-between 1870-1880) 1044

James M. HUBLER (1867-1896; never married) 1045,1046

Manuel P. (M.P.) HUBLER (1868-1940; never married)1047,1048 (Under-Sheriff of San Benito Co, CA)

Mary Julia HUBLER (1870-1952; never married) 1049, 1050

Henry F. HUBLER (1872-1926; never married) 1051

Frank V.HUBLER (1873-1961; never married) 1052

Sylvia J. HUBLER (1876-1912) 1053 (m James S. Gibson) 1054

John S. Gibson (b 1908) 1055 (m Gloria Bianucci) 1056

James P. Gibson (b 1945) 1057 (m Martha Bozzo) 1058

Jeff Gibson1059

Robert Gibson (Robert Gibson) 1060

Phillip Gibson1061

Linda Gibson (b 1949) 1062

Charles J. Gibson (b 1911)Guadalupe (Lou) HUBLER (b 1880)1063 (m Al Neilson, a butcher; no children)1064

Elizabeth G. HUBLER (1881-1957; never married) 1065

Henry HUBLER (April 22, 1830 PA-June 1, 1903 Platteville, WI)1066, 1067 (m Feb. 20, 1850) 1068 (m Martha Haney in OH)1069, 1070 (see following)

William Scott HUBLER (Aug 17, 1852 OH-Feb 6, 1927 Harrison Twp, WI) 1071

(m Rose Abigal Hinman in WI) 1072,1073

Byron Oliver HUBLER (Sep 25, 1885 WI-1924 Los Angelos, CA) 1074 (m Catherin Topp in CA) 1075

4 sonsMagdalena (Madonnie) HUBLER (b Ap 5, 1911 WI) 1076

(m Elmar Becker) 1077

Robert (Bob) Becker (May 8, 1935)1078(line of Bob Becker) 1079

Leashen (Lea) Rae Becker (Oct 10, 1943) 1080

William H. HUBLER (Feb. 6, 1832 PA1081-June 22, 1880) (m Sara Clink in 1853) 1082,1083 (see following)

Charles HUBLER1084,1085 [? m Harriet (1870-1871)] (bur in Oak Hill Cemetery) 1086

Clara HUBLER1087,1088 (1854-Apr. 21, 1941)1089,1090, 1091 (m A.M. Probst)Elizabeth (Lizzie) HUBLER (? b 1857) 1092,1093 (m Frank A. Scott)1094

Olive HUBLER1095,1096 (1859-1878) (buried in Oak Hill Cemetery) 1097

Angus Edgar HUBLER (? b 1860) 1098,1099,1100

Lucy HUBLER (1864-Jan. 17, 1933) 1101,1102,1103, 1104,1105 (m Albert Sanders)William HUBLER1106 (? 18681107, 1108-June 23, 1880)1109

Harriet HUBLER (April 18701110-1871)1111,1112

Jennie HUBLER1113 (m ? Resner) 1114

Abraham HUBLER (Jan. 23, 1834 OH1115-Mar. 10, 1918) (m 1861 Sara Jane Williamson)1116 (buried in Oak Hill Cemetery)1117, 1118 (see following)

Frank E. HUBLER (??-March 19, 1942 Youngstown, OH)1119,1120 (m Isabelle Gaither) 1121

Myron G. HUBLER1122 (d Dec. 28, 1946 Lake Milton, OH) 1123,1124 (? m Lole) 1125

Pi(y)att W. HUBLER (Nov. 12, 1866-Nov. 11/ Sept. 11, 1950) 1126 ,1127,1128,1129, 1130

(m Maude Ormsby) 1131 (he was born in a log cabin at what became 900 South Ave.; named after his uncle, Pyatt Williamson; served with Logan Rifles in Spanish-American War) 1132 (died from prostrate cancer)1133 (of Ellenswood Ave.)1134

114

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Jesse S1135,1136/L1137 HUBLER (March 5, 1868 Youngstown, OH-Oct. 3, 1942 1138

Youngstown, OH)1139 [m Alice May HUBLER (?? St. Louis-March 30, 1923 Youngstown, OH), 1140 a stenographer from St. Louis1141 who went to Youngstown on vacation to visit relatives, met and married at St. Louis) (he was a merchant

John W. HUBLER (1908-2000)1142,1143 (born in Youngstown and lived there until 1983 when he moved to Indiana to be near his son; he was a retired foreman at Youngstown Sheet & Tube; he was a good friend via snail mail of mine who gave me many photos of gravestones; lived in Elkhart, IN) 1144 (m Ester Meek)

David HUBLERFrank HUBLER (Aug. 25, 1916 Youngstown, OH-June 2, 1997 )1145

(m Laura Carman) 1146

Frank HUBLERMaurice HUBLER

Alice May HUBLER1147 (1909- >2000) (buried in Oak Hill Cemetery)1148

(m George Yates) 1149

Katheryn Yates [Katheryn Johnson (has written to me and sent copies of a HUBLER family album for identification and will send her family tree)1150]

Howard C. HUBLER1151 (d July 15, 1952 Boardman, OH) 1152,1153

Edgar HUBLER (??-Jan. 1, 1870) (buried in Oak Hill Cemetery) 1154,1155 (died in childhood)

Hirem HUBLER (Feb. 1, 1836 OH-June 8, 1838 OH) 1156

Jane B. HUBLER (Nov. 1, 1837 Coitsville, OH1157-Dec. 26, 1158,1159/June1160 26, 1881) (m David Weaver on Oct. 4, 1858) 1161, 1162,1163 (see following)

William H. Weaver (b 1859)1164 Desdemona Weaver (b 1861) 1165

Cassio D. Weaver (b 1863) 1166

Selina L. Weaver (b 1866) 1167 (m Meyer) 1168

Claude Newberry Weaver (b 1868) (m Jenny Rachel Spigler) 1169 (line of Don Pedicini)

Jennie Lola (Jane) Weaver ( b 1871) 1170 (m Peter Hake) 1171

Cora Weaver (b 1873) 1172

Charles C. Weaver (b 1876) 1173

Lyle Herbert Weaver (b 1879) 1174

Amanda HUBLER (Jan. 29, 1840 OH-1909) 1175 (m Anthony Welch on Dec. 15, 1860)1176 (see following)

Harry WelchAlfred Wick HUBLER (July 11, 1842 OH-Dec. 20, 1921 OH)1177 (m Kate STRALEY)Sarah HUBLER (April 16, 1845 OH1178- ?) (m James Dixon) 1179 (see following)

Vain DixonCharles DixonUnknown (male) Dixon

Harriet HUBLER (March 31, 1848 OH1180-> 1891) (m John Welch) 1181 (see following)Roy WelchDolph WelchCharlotte WelchFlorence (Betty) WelchBeatrice Welch

Caroline A. HUBLER (March 30, 1850 OH-May 5, 1886) 1182 (m ? Dixon) 1183

115

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Charlie Dixon (of Beaver Falls, PA)1184 (see following)

In 1800-1801, Abraham HUBLER (ca 1779- ??) and Anna Margaret PAUL (1780- ??) moved with their children from their home in Hanover Twp, Northampton Co, PA to New Berlin, Buffalo Township (later Limestone Twp), Northumberland Co (later Union Co), PA. (The township was part of Buffalo Twp, Northumberland Co until 1813; then it became part of Union Co, and finally Limestone Twp was formed in 1850.) The Abraham HUBLER couple had several children in central Pennsylvania.

Moses HUBLER was born in Centre Co, Pennsylvania (Centre Co was founded in 1800 from Northumberland Co and others) on April 14, 1803.1185 [Actually, he was probably born at home in Northumberland Co, since his parents lived in New Berlin, which was in Northumberland Co (later Union Co). Centre Co was formed in 1800, but New Berlin was outside of its borders, and he was baptized in Egypt Reformed Church in Northampton Co (later Lehigh Co), PA.1186 (Lehigh Co was founded in 1812 from Northampton Co). So when Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) was christened, the family would have returned to the Egypt Reformed Church in Northampton Co on May 23, 1803 from Centre Co.1187 The trip across part of Pennsylvania (about 160 miles) would have taken days and could not have been started until his mother was stable. [Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) was born on April 14, 1803 and christened on May 23, 1803]. Alternatively, there might have been a traveling preacher from Egypt; however, a brief review of the church ministry indicates that the minister of Egypt Reformed Church quit traveling in the mid-1770s, and central Pennsylvania was not in the range of missionaries from Northampton (Lehigh) Co. The sponsors for the christening were Daniel Schneider and Catharina Aria Schneider.1188 [There are some unanswered questions. Were they friends who traveled with the HUBLERs from Centre Co, or were they friends in Northampton Co (a cursory review of birth records of 18th century PA reveal that the Schneider couple parented multiple children in N Whitehall Township, Northampton Co PA from 1780-1798 with the last in 1798, and they were listed in the 1800 census in Northampton Co, PA, but I cannot find a 1810 census listing; so they resided in Northampton Co until 1800), and why did the HUBLERs go back to Northampton Co when churches existed closer to home—(1) was Egypt Reformed the church used by Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) whose birth record has not been found [he used Christ Reformed Church, Shoenersville, Lehigh Co, PA for the baptismal of his oldest son, Jacob HUBLER (b 1800); and also his brother, Wm. Henry HUBLER (b 1781), and his sister, Christina HUBLER (b 1783), were baptized at Christ Reformed Church, Shoenersville, Lehigh Co, PA; but his uncle, Jacob HUBLER the younger, used Egypt Reformed Church, Lehigh Co, PA for the baptismal of his twin children, Salome and Rueben HUBLER (b 1806)1189]; or by NEWBERRYs (but there were no NEWBERRYs christened there in applicable years) 1190 or (2) was the church connected to the sponsors (but there were no baptismals for the Schneiders there during the applicable time span) 1191??. Records of the Egypt Reformed Church of Leigh Co are published for events from 1734 until 1834; however, the major reference is by Humphrey on all the births in Lehigh Co did not record the HUBLER births at Egypt Reformed Church.1192 No roving ministers for the Egypt Reformed Church at Lehigh Co for 1803 was identified in the church records.1193]

Abraham HUBLER (b 1779) and Anna Margaret PAUL (b 1780) lived in New Berlin, Northumberland Co (later Union Co) from 1800-1801 until 1820 and then moved to Clearfield Co with their many minor children. Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) was a teenager when he moved to Clearfield Co with his family; however, about 1823 he returned near to his previous home. Probably, Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) moved in with his maternal grandparents (Nicholas and Barbara PAUL) who lived near Northumberland, Northumberland Co. There was a family (the James NEWBERRY family) who were neighbors of Nicholas PAUL and whose many children married the PAUL children and visa versa. Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) married a NEWBERRY daughter. I do not know if he knew his future wife before the HUBLER family moved to Clearfield Co in 1820 or if met her when he moved back to Northumberland.

Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) married Sara NEWBERRY on Oct. 9, 1825. She was the daughter of James NEWBERRY, a Revolutionary War veteran and long-time resident of

116

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Northumberland Co, PA. Sara NEWBERRY's mother was named Sara GUEST. (It was common for mothers to name their daughters after themselves.) In 1830, Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) and his family lived in Point Township, Northumberland Co, and Pennsylvania. Northumberland, Northumberland Co, PA was the major town of Point Twp, and the town still exists on the point of land where the west branch of the Susquehanna River meets the north branch of the Susquehanna River.1194 (Northumberland is at the western edge of Point Twp and the NEWBERRY and PAUL farms are both in Point Twp and just east of Northumberland.) Point Township was formed from Turbot and Mahoning Townships in 1786.1195 In 1815 and 1817, two large flourmills were the major industries of Point Township, and the township became well known as the home of several distilleries.1196 (There are 23 townships in modern Northumberland Co.) Probably Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) was a tenet farmer or laborer since there is no record of land ownership in Northumberland, Centre or Union counties; and he probably worked on the farms of his in-laws (the NEWBERRYs), his maternal grandparents (the PAULs) or both, both of whom lived nearby and since he probably worked there prior to his marriage. Also, there is no land or tax record of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) in Centre County.1197

Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) and Sara (NEWBERRY) HUBLER (1807-1891) had four children in Pennsylvania. In 18321198 or 1833,1199 they moved to Coitsville (now a suburb of Youngstown), Trumbull Co (now Mahoning Co—Mahoning Co was first formed in 1846 from part of Trumbull Co), Ohio where Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) became a successful farmer and family man. He and his wife parented eight more children in Ohio in addition to the four that they brought with them from Pennsylvania.1200 [The 1830 census listed Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) in Point Twp with two sons less than 4 years old (James and Henry) and one daughter (Eliza). There were 987 residents of Point Twp in 1830.]

When Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) moved from Pennsylvania, Youngstown was a montage of townships. Coitsville became the home of the HUBLER family, and the population of Coitsville in 1840 was 1,280. (The population of Youngstown in 1840 was 999 and in 1980 was 115,436; while in 1980, residents of Coistville numbered 2,105).1201

I am not sure of the occupation of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855). His father was a weaver, but his brothers were farmers. I suspect that he was a “jack of all trades” on the farm, including “laborer” (a euphonium for farmer), tenant farmer, weaver, mechanic and more. I have been unable to find land ownership records of a farm in Pennsylvania or Ohio. Perhaps, in Pennsylvania, he tenant farmed or was a “laborer” on the farm of his in-laws (the NEWBERRYs), grandparents (the PAULs) or both. [The 1830 federal census of Point Twp, Northumberland Co, PA listed Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) next to his brother-in-law, Richard NEWBERRY, who as the eldest NEWBERRY son probably lived on the NEWBERRY family farm. Moses HUBLER’s (1803-1855) father-in-law, James NEWBERRY had died a decade earlier, and his maternal grandfather, Nicolas PAUL, died that year.] In the 1850 federal census of Mahoning Co, OH, the occupation of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) is recorded as “laborer,” which was often a euphemism for “farmer.” An 1896 biography of his eldest son [James Newberry HUBLER (b 1823)] listed the trade of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) as weaving, but he also “engaged at mechanical work.” 1202 [It is interesting that his father, Abraham HUBLER (b 1779), was also a weaver.] [James N. HUBLER (b 1828) left home to go to California before the death of his father, Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), but grew up in his shadow, and his biography was published in California while he lived, so it probably accurately reflected his memories of his father. Furthermore, tax lists of Mahoning Co for 1846 did not list any land owned by Moses Hubler (1803-1855).1203 Thus, if Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) became a land-owning farmer, it probably would have been after 1849 or 1850 after which James N. HUBLER (b 1828) left home.] In another biography, this time about Abraham HUBLER (1834-1918), another son of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), it is reported that Abraham HUBLER (1834-1918) helped his widowed mother, Sara NEWBERRY (1807-1891), on the farm, which implies that Moses had been a farmer; however, he still could have been a tenet farmer. That same son, Abraham, was recorded as a “laborer’” (sic farmer).

117

THE HUBLER HISTORY

According to the obituary of Sarah (NEWBERRY) HUBLER (1807-1891), she and her family moved from Coitsville to Youngstown in 1851.1204 In 1853, Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) bought a lot (# 168) in Ward 2, Youngstown, Mahoning Co, Ohio [near the railroad and the Mahoning River on Lawrence (now Wilson) Ave.]. Probably, it was purchased from Thomas H. Wells.1205 It appears to be one acre or less near the juncture of Poland Road (now Wilson Ave.) and Coistville Road (now Sehey St.).1206 It was sold to Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) for $150. 1207 According to the 1850 census (before he died), Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) had real estate valued at $250. According to the 1860 census [after Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) had died], Sarah (NEWBERRY) HUBLER (1807-1891) had real estate valued at $150 and personal property valued at $75. No will or estate for Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) is recorded,1208 probably because of his sudden, premature death in 1855. In 1879, the same Youngstown lot was sold to William Schmick for back taxes. Probably the HUBLER families repurchased the lot, or it was given back to them (and not recorded), because in 1883, lot # 168 was sold (actually "Quit Claimed") for $2 to Abraham HUBLER (1834-1918), the son of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855).1209 [Since Moses was not on the property tax roll in 1846, I think that it is safe to assume that he was a tenet farmer or laborer when he arrived in Coitsville in 1833 and for 13 years thereafter. If the assumption is correct, the lot by the river in Youngstown was his first land purchase.]

Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) died in 1855,1210, 1211 possibly of typhoid fever. The family tradition1212 is that a man Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) knew developed the fever, and he went to visit him, not knowing anything about typhoid (the germ theorem had not been established—diseases such as typhoid fever and cholera were thought to be caused by evil miasmic mists which commonly gathered around swampy or watery areas—contagiousness and vectors were unrecognized; and the diseases were common killers of settlers throughout the United States). Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) caught the fever and died on March 16, 1855. According to an obituary in the March 23, 1855 Republican Sentinel, Moses HUBLER died on March 19, 1855.1213 (The obituary in the local Youngstown newspaper consisted of a two-line announcement without expansive information.) 1214

Typhoid fever and smallpox were common killers in 19th century America. Typhoid fever is a contagious bacterial disease that is transmitted by ingesting contaminated water or food products and has a classical fecal-oral pattern. There are symptomatic carriers (Typhoid Marys). The disease usually responds to antibiotic therapy and has been eliminated in most industrialized areas because of mass water purification and hand washing procedures and the availability of antibiotics, but typhoid is still common in 3rd World areas; and recently, antibiotic-resistant cases have revitalized the fear of the infection. A vaccination is available, but it is not 100% effective. In 19th century America, typhoid fever was common and often lethal. Smallpox is a uniquely human viral infection that has killed over 100 million people over the last five centuries. The infection is transmitted via respiratory or physical contact with the victims. Fever is often the first symptom and is followed in a few days by a horrible, disfiguring, facial pustular eruption. Vaccination is effective, and a worldwide vaccination program eliminated smallpox, and the last case was in 1977; however, it is feared that terrorists might use the poxvirus in germ warfare attacks in the population as the vaccine-protected populace expires to initiate a recrudescence of a dead disease.

In 1855, Ohio had a yellow fever epidemic. Yellow fever is a mosquito borne acute viral illness, which was common cause of febrile fatal disease in early America. The disease was probably introduced to America in the 1600s from Africa during the slave trade, and waves of epidemics menaced settlers. An infected person is bitten by a mosquito, and the virus is transmitted to uninfected by the vector, so yellow fever is not contagious by person-to-person contact but require an intermediary vector. After a three-day incubation period, fever begins, and death often occurs within a week. There was no treatment, in fact, at the time, the infectious agent was unknown, and it was thought to be present in miasmatic mists. Yellow fever has been eliminated in America by draining mosquito breeding, swampy areas, vaccinations and vector repellants and eradication programs, but the disease still plagues some areas of the world.

118

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Although family tradition1215 is that Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) died of “black” fever, that nomenclature was not part of the medical jargon of the day. Typhoid, yellow fever and smallpox were three of the most common infectious, febrile illnesses of Ohio at the time.

The burial site for Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) is not known; however, it may be in Oak Hill Cemetery where almost all his family is interred. Oak Hill Cemetery began formal operations in 1852, and burials were made for years earlier; but formal records only began in 1878. No headstone for Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) exists there.1216 There is a small cemetery about five blocks from Oak Hill Cemetery in Coitsville that sports a sign that it was established in 1839.1217 It is called Pioneer Cemetery. A volunteer group cleaned the site well in 1976, and there are many unmarked and sinking graves there, and no caretaker to fill them. Also, Jackson Cemetery is about 2 miles from Pioneer and is old. Both of the cemeteries are only about 4-5 acres in size. Perhaps, Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) was buried in either one, but there are no HUBLER headstones in either.1218 Maybe he had no marker, or it disappeared long ago. Family sources1219 say that Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) is buried in Coitsville, but the records were kept in an on-site building that burned down, and all records were lost. I do not think that Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) died of smallpox; however, victims of the pox were usually burned to reduce the contagion, but that would not preclude a monument or headstone.

When Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) died, his widow, Sara NEWBERRY (1807-1891), managed the farm and brood of a dozen children. Between the 1850 census and the 1860 census, the younger brother, Abraham HUBLER (1831- ??), of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) moved from Clearfield Co, PA with his family, undoubtedly to settle in a prosperous place and maybe to help the widow of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855). But, the widow, Sara NEWBERRY (1807-1891), and her son, Abraham HUBLER (1834-1918), managed the farm in Coitsville.1220 In 1883, she lived with her son (Abraham HUBLER, grocer) on Wells and Flint Hill Streets.1221

Sara NEWBERRY (1807-1891) was born on July 14, 1807 in Northumberland, Pennsylvania and died on April 18, 1891.1222 She was buried on April 19, 1891 at age 84 years in Oak Hill Cemetery, Youngstown, Ohio.1223 Sara NEWBERRY (1807-1891) died in Youngstown, Ohio at home of her daughter, Mrs. John (Harriet HUBLER) Welch, of "neuralgia of stomach" from which she had suffered for years; however, she died very suddenly and was sick only one half an hour. 1224 [Neuralgia of the stomach is not a modern medical term or a specific disease, but it would be called a pain in the stomach by a layman. She might have had a ruptured abdominal aneurysm that might have caused pain (leakage) for years until suddenly rupturing, recurring angina for years and then a massive myocardial infarction, a recurring cardiac arrthymia until a fatal episode occurred, or something unknown. No autopsy was performed.] She did not leave a will, but probably gave any estate to her many children prior to her death.1225 Sara NEWBERRY (1807-1891) was an active member of Trinity M.E. Church (previously the Methodist church) in Youngstown.1226

About 1850, Sara NEWBERRY (1807-1891) purchased a new Bible (published in 1850) and began to record her family's births and marriages. All of the early entries were in the same script. (She could write, which many women of that time could not). Later, Sara NEWBERRY (1807-1891) apparently gave the family Bible to her daughter-in-law (Sara Jane Williamson HUBLER), and then her grandson (John W. HUBLER) saved it from his grandmother's last effects,1227and he sent me a copy that he had transcribed. Much of the family information in this report was retrieved from this Bible.

The children of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855)

Eliza HUBLER (1826-1908) was the oldest child of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) and was born in Centre Co, PA. She married Nathaniel Aga, on Oct. 9, 1843/42 in Trumbull Co, OH. Interestingly, the ceremony by Minister A.G. Stringes (Vol. 4, 1842-49) was on the same day that the same minister married Mary Anne HOOBLER and Anthony Ague (Aga).1228 Eliza HUBLER was the niece of Mary Anne HUBLER, but they were similar ages, and the grooms were undoubtedly related. In the 1850 federal census of Trumbull Co, OH, (p.120, House 304), Nathaniel

119

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Ague, 26, (b PA) and Eliza (b PA) had Sarah S. 5, (b OH), Amanda 2, (b OH), Jane M 1/12 (b OH) (Weathersfield Dist.). Apparently, Nathaniel Ague died in the Civil War, because “Nathaniel Ague” was listed as “died in hospital” in 1864 1229 [another Nathaniel Ague (? his father) died in 1872 at 82 years of age (he had moved to Ohio when he was 8, and he was the son of Frederick Ague)].1230 Later in 1868, she married for a second time to Jacob Hughes. She died from a complication of diseases at the residence of her daughter, Mrs. William Hodge, 103 Decatur St, Youngstown, and she is buried in Oak Hill Cemetery.

James NEWBERRY HUBLER (1828-1905), the son of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), was born in Pennsylvania and moved to Ohio as a child. In the 1850 Federal census for Mahoning Co, James NEWBERRY HUBLER (1828-1905) was recorded as a blacksmith,1231 and he left soon after the census was taken. A blacksmith was a master craftsman who manipulated metal for pre-20th century Americans and was integral to the survival of settlements in the New World. The “smithy” was both engineer and artisan. He would design and create virtually any metal article needed in the home, shop or farm for the pioneer, and each item was unique. Blacksmiths did not sign their work (as did silversmiths of the time), but each creation was a testament to the skill of its creator. By 1722, ironworks dotted the land wherever an iron bed was located near a waterpower source. 1232 Nails were needed to build the settlements sprouting everywhere, and nails where made of iron, the bailiwick of blacksmiths. Each apprentice blacksmith could make about 3,125 nails per week working early in the mornings before the shop opened.1233 The trade became in such demand that colonial courts reduced levies on non-farm workers to encourage the immigration of blacksmiths from Europe.

A blacksmith usually had an apprentice 12-15 year old boy who worked seven-hour days for room and board for 3-5 years. The apprentices worked for another three to five years as a journeyman before becoming a master blacksmith. 1234 A formal apprentice for James Newberry HUBLER (1828-1905) is unknown, and his training may have been less formal or structured.

By the mid-19th century, the blacksmith was an entrenched member of the advancing settlement scene. His talents intercalated with of other craftsmen, such as, wheelwrights, saddlers, millers, farmers and coach makers. However, the end was nearing. As railroads crisscrossed the country making transportation cheaper and faster, standardized, machine-made implements became readily available and began to replace the individualized, hand-made goods crafted by blacksmiths. In rural areas, blacksmiths still shod horses and made farm instrument repairs, because horseshoes had to be individually made and fitted, depending of the weight of the horse, the shape of the hooves and the terrain in which they worked. A smith who specialized in shoeing horses was called a farrier. 1235 But, gasoline-powered, rubber-wheeled automobiles and farm vehicles rendered blacksmiths obsolete. Only a few remain.

James Newberry HUBLER (1828-1905) went to California with a crowd of gold seekers in the Gold Rush, probably heading south by foot from Youngstown, then sailing via boat down the Ohio River to the Mississippi River, thence south on the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico and to Panama, crossing Central America by foot, and finally sailing by ship from Panama north to southern California.1236 That route to the Elysian gold fields in California was more expensive, but faster, than the ship trip around Cape Horn off South America (4 months vs. 8-12 months). [Gold was found in 1848 in California, and word of riches rapidly permeated the settled parts of the USA. In the spring of 1848, most gold rushers from the East Coast of the USA sailed to California via the 15,000-mile trip around Cape Horn, a lesser number took the trans-Panama trek (a total of 25,000 sailed) and the largest number (30,000) crossed overland from Missouri. Immigrant ships were left to rot in the harbor of San Francisco as passengers and crews rushed into the nearby woods blinded by gold fever—few found wealth, while the harbor was filled with their abandoned vessels.]1237

Described in a letter1238 written by his eldest son about 30 years after James NEWBERRY HUBLER died in 1905, he reached California in early May 1850 (in 1848, San Francisco was a sleepy town of 900, while in 1850, it had a boisterous population of 30,000),1239 and James NEWBERRY HUBLER (1828-1905) practiced his trade of blacksmithing in Hollister until 1890 when he took up ranching. James NEWBERRY HUBLER (1828-1905) died in Sept. 1905. He never returned to Ohio.1240,1241 He is buried in Hollister, CA.

120

THE HUBLER HISTORY

According to a biographical sketch1242 published in 1896 (about 10 years before he died), James NEWBERRY HUBLER (1828-1905) went to California via the Isthmus arriving in San Francisco on June 17, 1854, went to Sacramento next day and began work at his trade on June 19, 1854. He married twice in California. (There were few women in California in the 1850s—one contemporary resident could only recall about ten women out of thousands of men that he knew there.)1243 In 1854, James NEWBERRY HUBLER married Eugenie Laurent (a girl of French ancestry), and they had one child before she died in 1863. James HUBLER married a second time to a native of Durango, Mexico, Cayetana Pena (the population of California at that time was mostly of Mexican nationality who lived in that part of Mexico until it was annexed by the United States), and James HUBLER apparently went to Tehuantepec, Mexico for a while in 1857.1244 He was a smithy until about 1882,1245 when he turned his attention to ranching and farming (he owned 160 acres of tillable farmland in San Benito, CA).1246 He served as the constable, 1247 and his son as the under-sheriff of the county.1248 He had ten children with his second wife,1249 but only eight lived to adulthood, only two married and only one had children.1250 However, his children account for the HUBLER surname families in the West.1251 Bill HUBLER, a son by his first wife, moved to Portland, Oregon; his daughter, Mary HUBLER, was a teacher; and his daughter, Elizabeth HUBLER, was a secretary and later a beautician. Guadalupe (Lou) HUBLER married Alford Neilson, and Sylvia HUBLER married James Gibson and had two sons (John and Charles Gibson).1252,1253

Henry HUBLER (1830-1903), was the son of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855). He married Martha Haney in Ohio1254, 1255 on Feb. 20, 1850.1256 He migrated to Wisconsin some time after he was married in 1850, and his son was born in 1852. In 1891 when Sarah (NEWBERRY) HUBLER (1807-1891) died, he was “of Wisconsin.”1257

William HUBLER (1832-1880), the son of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), married Sara Clink in 1853. 1258,1259 On the 1870 federal census, he was listed as age 32? and was a railroad engineer.1260 The 1875 Youngstown City Directory lists William HUBLER as an “engineer” residing at Thomas St between Foster and Covir??, while in 1879, he was an engineer for A&G WRR.1261 He died when a locomotive struck him in 1880. 1262 He is buried in Oak Hill Cemetery.1263

His estate was administered by Alfred HUBLER, which passed to his heirs.1264 Pyatt HUBLER and A. HUBLER took out a bond of $100. 1265

Abraham HUBLER (1834-1918) was the son of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855). He helped his widowed mother, Sara NEWBERRY, on the farm for six years [1855-1861; he was age 21-27] and then probably his mother moved to Youngstown proper. Soon after, he married Sara Jane Williamson (1838-1929),1266 the daughter of a prominent Youngstown businessman (Piatt Williamson), and a charter member of the Central Christian Church of Youngstown (1894)1267 on Nov. 21, 1861 [when he was 28].1268 According to the 1860 census, Abraham HUBLER was living at home with his widowed mother and several siblings. In 1864, he moved to his new home at 900 South St. in the Williamson Addition (which was probably given to him by his new father-in-law Pyatt Williamson). Pyatt HUBLER was born there in 1866 (also, so maybe were his brothers, Robert and Myron). Abraham HUBLER (1834-1918) became a major citizen of Youngstown in such diverse fields as farming, steel rolling, grocery and real estate.1269 After his marriage, he worked in a rolling mill until 1880 [age 28-46] when he began a career as a grocer. The 1875 Youngstown City Directory lists Abraham HUBLER as a “bundler” residing at Mahoning Ave. at the corner of Clarke St. (his son, Myron HUBLER, was a “roller” and lived at the same address), while in 1883 he was a “grocer” living at the corner of Wells and Flint Hill (his sons, Frank and Myron HUBLER, were both clerks at his grocery store and lived at home with him, and his widowed mother, Sara Newberry HUBLER, also resided with him).1270 (Now, Flint Hills St. is called Williamson St.)1271 In 1882, he still had a grocery store but also had an insurance agency and was interested in real estate.1272 He fathered seven children—six were alive in 1882 [see above].1273 In 1891 when Sarah (NEWBERRY) HUBLER died, he was “of Flint Hill” in Youngstown,1274 which was a reference to his home address of Flint Hill and Wells. Now, Flint Hills St. is called Williamson St.)1275 At his fiftieth wedding anniversary in 1911, Abraham HUBLER (1834-1918) and his wife, Sara

121

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Williamson, were feted by several hundred people, and they were in good health.1276 The party was held next door to the HUBLER home on Ellenwood Ave. at the home of Frank HUBLER (probably his son).1277 The guest register was signed by many of his descendants and relatives.1278 He died from pneumonia from complications of a broken hip and is buried in Oak Hill Cemetery, Youngstown, OH. [John Hubler, his grandson, wrote in 1991 that when he was 7 or 8 years old, his family moved in with Abraham HUBLER (1834-1918) so that his mother could help his grandmother, Sara Jane Williamson HUBLER, care for him during his recovery from a broken leg. He was able to get around a little, but died soon after.]1279,1280 His sons, Frank and Howard HUBLER, were involved in the printing business and worked for The (Youngstown) Vindicator during which time they invented an improved printing process.1281 Howard HUBLER had one daughter.1282 [Kathryn Johnson, the granddaughter of Abraham HUBLER and Sara Jane Williamson, (her mother was Alice Mae HUBLER who married George Yates) has written to me and sent copies of a HUBLER family album for identification and will send her family tree.]1283

Hirem HUBLER (1836-1838) died at age two years of unknown cause.Jane HUBLER (1837-1881), the daughter of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), married

David Weaver on Oct. 4, 1858 in Mahoning Co, OH., and they parented the children listed above.Amanda HUBLER (1840-1909), the daughter of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), married

Anthony Welch. He was an unusually large and strong man, held down two of the most arduous jobs in the steel mill, and made fabulous wages, but he drank heavily. Their son, Harry Welch, graduated from Western Reserve and then studied in Germany or Austria. He was the Mahoning Co, Ohio Health Commissioner for 40 years.1284

Alfred Wick HUBLER (1842-1921) is detailed in the following section.Sara HUBLER (b 1845), the daughter of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), married James

Dixon. They had three sons—Vain Dixon (who married his first cousin, Charlotte Welch, the daughter of Harriet HUBLER), Charles Dixon and another who was a lawyer in Sharon, PA.1285

Harriet HUBLER (b 1848), the daughter of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), married John Welch, the brother of Anthony Welch. He worked in a steel mill. In 1891 when Sarah (NEWBERRY) HUBLER died, they lived on Vine St., Youngstown.1286 Their son, Roy Welch, also started work in mill when he was young; but he rose to become the secretary to James Campbell, president of Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. Their daughter, Charlotte Welch, studied music at European schools. She married her first cousin, Vain Dixon, and taught piano in Cleveland until her husband died young. She was distraught at his death, returned to Youngstown, and taught music.1287

Caroline A. HUBLER (1850-1886), the daughter of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), is a mystery. She was married to Mr. ? Dixon, but his relationship to James Dixon who was married to her sister, Sara HUBLER (b 1845), is not known. The HUBLER sisters might have married brothers. Apparently Mr. ? Dixon had died (or they were separated) before 1883 because Caroline A. Dixon (b 1850) was represented on a land deed dated 1883, but her spouse was not (although Sara Dixon and James Dixon were both listed). 1288 She had only one offspring (Charlie H. Dixon) in 1855 (her husband was dead and A.W. HUBLER administered her estate).1289

The 1850 Federal Census of Mahoning Co, OHMoses HUBLER—age 47; labor; value of real estate=$250; born PASarah HUBLER—age 44; born PAJames HUBLER—age 22; blacksmith; born PAWilliam HUBLER—age 18; labor; born PAAbram HUBLER—age 16; born OHJane HUBLER—age 12; born OHAmanda HUBLER—age 11; born OHAlfred W. HUBLER—age 7; born OHSarah HUBLER—age 6; born OHHarriet HUBLER—age 3; born OHCaroline HUBLER—age 9/12; born OH

122

THE HUBLER HISTORY

[Missing: Eliza HUBLER had married (1843) and was in her husband’s household; Henry HUBLER had married (1850) and was on his own; Hirem HUBLER (1836-1838) was dead]

The 1860 Federal Census of Mahoning Co, OHSara HUBLER---age 52; value of real estate=$150; value of personal prop.=$75; born PAAbram HUBLER—age 26; laborer; born OHAmanda HUBLER—age 20; born OHAlfred HUBLER—age 18; laborer; born OH; could read/writeSarah HUBLER—age 15; born OH; attended school in the previous yearHarriet HUBLER—age 12; born OH; attended school in the previous yearCaroline HUBLER—age 10; born OH; attended school in the previous year[Missing (explanation): Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) was dead; Eliza

HUBLER had married (in 1843) and was in her husband’s household; James HUBLER had moved to CA (1850); Henry HUBLER had married (1850) and was on his own; William H. HUBLER had married (ca 1852) and was on his own; Hirem HUBLER (1836-1838) was dead; Jane B. HUBLER was married and in her husband’s household]

Also listed was the younger brother of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) who moved from PA. The listing was next door to Sarah (NEWBERRY) HUBLER.

Abraham HUBLER—age 46; laborer; value of personal property; born in PAEliza HUBLER—age 40; born in OHJohn C. HUBLER—age 20; born in OHHoracio E. HUBLER—age 18; born in OHElizabeth J. HUBLER—age 17; born in OHLorenzo HUBLER—age 12; born in PAFastina HUBLER—10; born in PAMarcillus HUBLER—2; born in OH

The 1870 Federal Census of Mahoning Co, OH:Hubler, Abraham & Sarah J.; Youngstown Township; p. 270A (son of Moses HUBLER) Hubler, Abraham & Eliza; Youngstown 2nd Ward; p. 331A (brother of Moses HUBLER)Hubler, Lorenzo; Youngstown 2nd Ward; p. 331A (nephew of Moses HUBLER) Hubler, Sarah; Youngstown 2nd Ward; p. 353B (widow of Moses HUBLER) Hubler, William & Sarah; Youngstown 1st Ward; p. 316A (son of Moses HUBLER) Hubler, William & Louisa; Youngstown 2nd Ward; p. 336A (??)

123

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The NEWBERRY Family

James NEWBERRY (Sr.)1290 (Nov. 11, 1750 PA-Feb. 23, 1830 Point Twp, Northumberland Co, PA or (Nov. 19, 1749 Chester Co, PA-Feb. 22, 1830 Point Twp, Northumberlnd Co, PA)1291,1292

Sara GUEST (1746 Chester Co PA1293-Mar. 3, 1850 Point Twp, Northumberland Co, PA) (m 1784) 1294

? John NEWBERRY/NEWBOROUGH (??-??) [(this mysterious relative is unclear—he was listed on family papers dated 1802 and could only have been a son of James/Sara, was on the 1806 Northumberland Co tax rolls and could account for an extra NEWBERRY on the 1790 and 1800 census for Northumberland Co; however, he was not on any PA census as the head of a household nor was he listed on the RW pension files (he might have died young or moved and thus would not be on a PA census and might have been a child of a previous marriage or an illegitimate offspring)1295]

Richard NEWBERRY (17851296-between 1830 & 18401297 Northumberland Co (m ??) 1298

Albin NEWBERRY, Jr. (Sep. 14, 1810 Point Twp-July 11, 18611299, 1300 Cumberland Co, MD1301) [Albin NEWBERRY’s service Record in the Civil War was as a private in Co B, 5th Reglt., PA. Reserves (Inf.) in Capt. James Grant’s Co. He died of fever at camp meginnis ? near Cumberland, Maryland.1302 [m Mary Potter (1811-1906)]1303,1304,1305 on June 15, 1833 at Bellefonte, Centre Co, PA1306 or Sarah ??)1307,1308

Augustus NEWBERRY (Jun 19, 1836 Point Twp-Jul 22, 1918 Northumberland) (m Sarah Jane Stramm 1860)

Joseph M. NEWBURY (1861-1934) (note: name change)Charles Edward NEWBURY (1894-1949) (m Sarah Steele)

Martha Jane NEWBURY (b 1930 ) (m Wilfred H Duncan)

Stephany K. Duncan (1954- ) (m Eugene Richard Gormley) [ line of Stephany D. Gormley]

Grantham Newbury (Feb. 2, 1852-March 9, 1904 (tombstone) 1309

Hannah NEWBERRY (1814-Sept. 24, 1837)Josiah NEWBERRY1310 (1820-1892)1311

John NEWBERRY (1818-Sept. 29, 1837) 1312 (19 years old)Elisa NEWBERRY1313

Ann NEWBERRRY (m to ?? Bodine) 1314

Sarah NEWBERRY (m to ?? Foymine/1315Frymire1316)Rebecca NEWBERRY (m to ?? Smith) 1317

Caroline NEWBERRY (m to ?? Yost &/or Taylor/Tyler) 1318,1319

Albin NEWBERRY (Dec.19, 1787-May 23, 18541320 Point Twp, Northumberland Co, PA) (m Nancy Ann ”Anna” PAUL)1321,1322,1323,1324 (was a farmer) 1325

1290DAR membership application from Mrs. William Brungard, Northumberland, PA; from DAR.1291 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1292 E-mail from the Newton Family (jandk@wnol.net) cited 1991 letter from Stephany Gormley date Jan. 11, 1998.1293 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1294 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.

124

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Washington NEWBERRY (Oct. 16, 1815 Northumberland Co-Dec. 6, 1900 Tioga Co, PA) (buried with his wife at Frieden’s Cemetery, Jackson Twp, Lycoming Co, PA)1326 (was a millwright; died of pneumonia at age 85)1327

[m Susannah F. (1820-1860) (died at age 40; lived in Lycoming Co, PA)]1328

Emeline NEWBERRY (? 1846-??)1329

Carolina NEWBERRY (? 1847- ??) 1330

George W. NEWBURY (Feb. 20, 1853- ??)1331, 1332 (GW NEWBURY did not like the spelling ‘NEWBERRY” and used the spelling “NEWBURY” so all the subsequent generations used “NEWBURY”)1333 [ ancestral line of Larry Hitchcock]1334

Lewis N. NEWBERRY (1855- ??) 1335

Emma I. NEWBERRY (1857- ??) 1336

William H. NEWBERRY (1853-1878) (died at age 20 years) 1337,1338

[m Harriet ? (2nd wife)]Amanda NEWBERRY (Oct. 11, 18171339-Sep. 20, 19021340) (m Joseph Scull)1341

Amos NEWBERRY (?-??)1342 (m Catharine Taylor) (lived in Clarion Co, PA)1343

Jacob NEWBERRY (ca 1844- ??)Alben NEWBERRY (ca 1846- ??)Mary Newberry (ca 1849- ??)

Oresha NEWBERRY (1822-1900) 1344 (m Elizabeth Smith) 1345, 1346

Lorenzo NEWBERRY (1824-??) (m Elizabeth ??; lived and farmed in Lycoming Co, PA)1347, 1348

Lavina NEWBERRY (1847- ??)1349

Malissa A. NEWBERRY (1849- ??) 1350

John P. NEWBERRY (1851- ??) 1351

Anna M. NEWBERRY (1853-??)1352

Martha NEWBERRY (1855- ??) 1353

Amanda NEWBERRY (1858- ??) 1354

Joseph NEWBERRY (1860- ??) 1355

More ???George NEWBERRY (1827-??)1356

Martha NEWBERRY (June 29, 1826/1829 Northumberland Co, PA-Apr. 5, 1910)1357 (m Charles Wendle; lived in Muncy Twp, Lycoming Co, PA1358 in 1852 in Muncy)1359 (she might have died near Cleveland, OH where others in her family married, died and are buried.)1360

Anna Susannah Wendle (Feb. 6, 1854-Apr. 5, 1910)1361 (m John Henry Fisher) 1362

Lucille Fisher (Dec. 14, 1873 OH- ??) 1363 [Anna WendleLucille FisherWendle HamleyLois HamleyKathleen McDermont Mirabell]1364

Lewis NEWBERRY (1831- ??) 1365

Amelia NEWBERRY1366

Harvey NEWBERRY (1838-??)1367

Susan NEWBERRY (1841-??)1368

Sanera/Lanora1369 NEWBERRY (1844-??)1370

Mary Anne NEWBERRY (17891371-18851372) (m Henry McBride1373 in 1812) 1374

Margaret McBride (1814-1893) 1375 (m Wm. Little Thomas)1376

Hannah NEWBERRY (March 26, 17921377-Aug. 8, 1865 Northumberland1378) [m John PAUL (1791-1847), the brother of Nancy PAUL and Sarah PAUL (who

125

THE HUBLER HISTORY

married NEWBERRY brothers)]1379,1380

Jessie N. PAUL (1818 Point Twp, Northumberland Co-1896) 1381

John F. PAUL (1826 Point Twp-1851) 1382

Hannah PAUL (Dec. 30, 1829 Point Twp-Apr. 14, 1910) (m William Grady) 1383

[Hannah PaulMay GradyMrytle PhillipsGerald HamorGerald Hamor, Jr.] 1384

Charles PAUL (??-??)1385

Barbara PAUL (??-??) (m George Barnhart) 1386

Elizabeth PAUL (??-??) (m Anthony NEWBERRY) 1387

Sarah PAUL (??-??)1388

Harriet PAUL1389

Jacob PAUL1390

James NEWBERRY, Jr. (1792/17941391/17901392 Chester Co or Point Twp, Northumberland Co, 1393 PA-1829 Northumberland Co, PA) [m Sarah PAUL (1795 Point Twp-1871 Point Twp)1394 in 1810/1813, 1395 Nancy PAUL’s sister (Albin NEWBERRY’s wife)]1396

Thomas NEWBERRY (1814 Point Twp-??)1397, 1398 (m Margaret ?)1399

William NEWBERRY (1817 Point Twp-Sept. 1, 1845) 1400 [m Catherine HUBLER (Oct. 8, 1818 Union Co, PA-Aug. 10, 1900 Edwards Co, IL)—she remarried after his death in Marrieta, Washington Co, OH to Henry Miner who already had 8children--in Lewisburg, Union Co, PA by 1837; moved to western PA/OH)1401

Margaret Jane NEWBERRY (1837-??) (d young) 1402

Cynthia Ann NEWBERRY (1839-??) (d young) 1403

Lorenzo Paul NEWBERRY (Jun. 29, 1843-ca 1861) 1404

William NEWBERY (Apr. 11, 1846 Marietta, OH-July 26, 1912 Bone Gap, IL) (m Leah Ellen Stanley)1405 (born after his father died; spelled his name with one “r” when he enlisted in the Northern Army in the Civil War in 1863, and after that, he and his descendants spelled it “NEWBERY”) 1406,1407 [William NEWBERYOlive Ann NEWBERRYLevi SternerWilliam BirdBetty Brungard][William NEWBERRYWilliam NEWBERY…R. Steven NEWBERY]

[m Henry P. Miner (2nd husband)] 1408

Charles L. Miner (1848-1898) 1409

Phebe Jane Miner (1850-1934) 1410

Judson H. Miner (1852- ??) 1411

Melville C. Miner1412

Archibald Paragrin Miner (1859-1937) 1413

Joshua J. NEWBERRY (Nov. 6, 1821 Northumberland Co-1899) (m Jane Todd in Pardoe, OH) 1414 (moved West to live with his uncle, Richard Pardoe, in Trumbull Co, OH and settled in Findley Twp, Mercer Co, PA) 1415,1416 [One account1417 (probably erroneously) that his mother (Sarah Paul) was born in Germany and immigrated as a child (actually she was born in PA) and that his father (James Newbury) was of Scotch ancestry (but born in PA); he was a farmer whose farm in Mercer Co contained 62 of arable acres)

Unamed son (1845??) 1418

Sara Newberry (1846-1849) 1419,1420

126

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Andrew Todd NEWBERRY (1849-1923) (m Mary Helen Waldenschmidt) (was a railroad worker) 1421,1422

Charles Todd NEWBERRY (d 1939)John Josiah (JJ) NEWBERRY (b Sept. 26, 1877) (the dime-store

magnet, see below)

Edgar A. NEWBERRY many more1423

Mary Ann NEWBERRY (1851- ??) (m Albert Cooper) 1424,1425

James Clarence Newberry (1854-1944) (m Elizabeth Canning) (lived in MN and WA) 1426,1427

John NEWBERRY (1856-1881) (died of yellow fever while gold hunting in MN; buried in Iowa) 1428,1429

Celia Jane NEWBERRY (1858- ??) (m John Graham) 1430,1431

4 children (Jean, Victor, Elizabeth, Clyde) 1432

Montrose NEWBERRY (1867- ??) (m Claire Graham) 1433,1434

Hunter NEWBERRY (1825-ca 1880-1885)1435,1436 (wife #1=died 1857; wife #2 = Amelia ?)

Anna NEWBERRY (b 1851) 1437

James NEWBERRY (b 1854) 1438

Margaret NEWBERRY (b 1859) 1439 [ancestral line of Linda Wain]Harry NEWBERRY (b 1865) 1440

Elizabeth NEWBERRY (b 1867) 1441

Eliza NEWBERRY (??-??) (m ? Dykes) 1442

Dysemy NEWBERRY (??-??) (m ? Ferris) 1443

Sarah NEWBERRY (??-??) (m ? McCreary) 1444

Mary Ann NEWBERRY (??-??) (m Wm York) 1445

One unidentified daughters (no information known except that on the 1820 federal census, 2 girls younger than 10 were listed) 1446,1447

Joshua C. NEWBERRY (ca 1796 Point Twp1448- > 1850) 1449 (on 1840 but not 1850 census, but was alive in 1850 when his mother died, and he might be the “Cauncey” NEWBERRY living with the Barhart family on the 1850 census)1450

Anthony NEWBURY1451

Isaac NEWBERRY (Sept. 19, 1826-May 15, 1909)1452

(m Jane McMahon in Northumberland Co, PA1453) (was a farmer)1454

Mary J. NEWBERRY (1857- ??) 1455

Margaret E. NEWBERRY (1859- ??) (m Thomas Q. Burch in Milton, PA in 1880; had 5 children) 1456 [line of Linda Wain] 1457

Sara H. NEWBERRY (1861- ??)1458

William L. NEWBERRY (1862- ??) 1459

Fannie B. NEWBERRY (1863- ??) 1460

John W. NEWBERRY (1866- ??) 1461

Slater B. NEWBERRY (1871- ??) 1462

Rebecca NEWBERRY (1875- ??) 1463

Ella M. NEWBERRY (1877- ??) 1464

Unknown NEWBERRY1465

Jane NEWBERRY (ca June 18001466,1467 Point Twp 1468-Jan. 3, 18801469) (m Mr. Evan Hamor) 1470,1471

John Hamor1472

Evan Hamor1473

Jane Hamor1474

127

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Rebecca Hamor1475

Abraham Hamor1476

George NEWBERRY (18011477- July 4, 1851 Jersey Shore, PA)1478 (m Sarah ?)1479,1480 (possibly his middle name was Washington, see below)1481, 1482

Jane NEWBERRY (1830 Point Twp, Northumberland Co, PA-??)Richard NEWBERRY (1831-??)William NEWBERRY (1834-??)Hannah NEWBERRY (1836-??)George Washington NEWBERRY (1839-??)Eliza NEWBERRY (1841-???)Martha NEWBERRY (1842-??)Mary NEWBERRY (1846-??)James NEWBERRY (1848-??)

?? Washington NEWBERRY (ca 18041483 Point Twp-, 1858)1484 (possibly died young & single, so not listed in estate or pension papers, but controversy rages about his existence, 1485 and it could be that Washington was the same person as the George and the full name was George Washington NEWBERRY) 1486, 1487, 1488

Sarah NEWBERRY (Jul.14, 1807 Point Twp, Northumberland Co, PA-1891 Mahoning Co, OH) (m Moses HUBLER)

The spelling variations of the NEWBERRY name is as follows: de Neubourg, de Newburgh, Newburgh, Newburg, Newbury, New borough, Newberowe, Newberye, Newbery, Newbury and NEWBERRY. NEWBERRY became in use in America in the mid-1700s.

The family history of all the NEWBERRYs in America can be traced to Bernard the Dane who was part of a group of Vikings who invaded and conquered Normandy, France in about 900. Bernard the Dane was the son-in-law of Rollo (Hrolf the Ganger), the Viking chief who led the invasion and who was baptized and renamed Robert. Bernard the Dane settled in Normandy.

The son of Bernard the Dane was Torf de Torville (which is near Le Harve, on the Normandy coast across the Channel from England) who was born about 920 in Normandy and raised his family there among the hundreds of Scandinavian settlers who moved to Normandy in the ensuing century. His descendants included Tourde Sire Du Ponteaudemer (950) and Humphrey De Veulles, Sire Du Ponteaudemer (980). 1489

A descendent of Torf of Torville was Roger de Beaumont (1010-1094) who married Adeline de Meullant about 1040. When William I (the Conqueror) invaded England in 1066, Roger de Beaumont furnished 60 armed ships for the invasion force; but Roger stayed in Normandy where he was left in charge of the government of Normandy by William I (the Conqueror).

Roger de Beaumont and Adeline de Meullant had four children. The first was Roger de Beaumont (II) who went with William I (the Conqueror) when England was invaded in 1066. Roger (II) distinguished himself on the battlefield at Hastings when Harold, the King of England, was defeated; and Roger II was rewarded by the victorious William I (the Conqueror) with 91 manors near Warwickshire, England.

The second child of Roger de Beaumont and Adeline de Meullant was Henry who was born in 1045 at the castle of Neubourg in Normandy (about 75 miles west-northwest of Paris). Henry was identified by his birthplace (the Castle of Neubourg) as was common at that time.1490 He became known as Henry de Neubourg. Later this was anglicized to Newburgh. The evolution of NEWBERRY had begun.

When William I (the Conqueror) invaded England in 1966, Henry's older brother (Roger II) went to England also, but Henry de Neubourg stayed in Normandy and succeeded to his father's (Roger I) estate in the Pont Audemer area of Normandy (near Le Harve). Even though Henry had not participated in the Norman invasion of England, he was given grants of great estates in Warwickenshire, England (80 miles northwest of London) by William I (the Conqueror) who

128

THE HUBLER HISTORY

obviously appreciated the family's support in the war. Henry de Neubourg built Warwick Castle; and in 1090, William II, King of England and the son of William I, the Conqueror, named him the Earl of Warwick.

In 1090, Henry de Newburgh (notice the name evolution), the Earl of Warwick, married Margaret de Perche. Their oldest son, Roger de Newburgh (1090-1153), remained in England and succeeded his father as the second Earl of Warwick. Henry of Newbergh returned to his homeland of Normandy, France. Henry of Newbergh is buried beside his father (Roger de Beaumont) in the Abby de Preaux at Pont Audemer (20 miles west of Rouen and 20 miles northwest of Neubourg).

Roger de Newbergh continued the family line in England, from whence many oft he NEWBERRYs of modern America arises.

The first NEWBERRY immigrant to America was Thomas NEWBERRY (1594-1636). Thomas NEWBERRY (1594-1636) was a puritan who joined the exodus of Englishmen leaving their homeland in search of religious freedom in the New World. Thomas NEWBERRY (1594-1636) left Dorsetshire, England and arrived in Dorchester, Massachusetts in 1634, a scant dozen years after the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock in the same area. Thomas NEWBERRY enjoyed his religious freedom for only a short time since he died two years later, but his progeny account for most of the NEWBERRYs in New England, New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio and Michigan [the father of Thomas NEWBERRY (1594-1636), the immigrant, was Richard NEWBERRY; this line is called the Northern NEWBERRYs.]. 1491

The subsequent NEWBERRY immigrations had an economic impetus. Between 1700 and 1770, several waves of NEWBERRYs immigrated from England and Ireland into the southern tier of states--North and South Carolina, Georgia and Florida. Bounties awarded after the Revolutionary War inspired the "southern NEWBERRYs" to migrate west to Tennessee; and the opening of the Indian land encouraged more migration west to Alabama and subsequently to Arkansas, Texas, Oklahoma, Washington and California.

Frankly, the father, the forefathers and the ancestral tree of James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) is unknown and confusing. One author speculates that my NEWBERRY line began with ?? NEWBERRY who came to America in 1765 from Scotland to Connecticut.1492 A biography of Charles Todd NEWBERRY, a partner in the famous five and dime stores founded by his brother (John J. NEWBERRY=J. J. NEWBERRY) and a great grandson of James and Sara (PAUL) NEWBERRY (his grandfather was Josiah NEWBERRY and his father was Andrew NEWBERRY), lists his great-great-grandparents as James and (Linsley) NEWBERRY as immigrants from Scotland to Connecticut in 1765.1493 I do not know from whence is the data. A newspaper biography of J. J. (John Josiah) NEWBERRY (1877 Sunbury, PA- 1954) lists his two brothers as C. T. NEWBERRY and Edgar A. NEWBERRY.1494 The history of J. J. Newberry is interesting, especially since he became the most successful and well-known Newberry. John Josiah NEWBERRY was born on Sept. 26, 1877 in Sunbury, PA and died in 1954. He was educated in the public schools. In 1894, he went to work for a department store. In 1899, he joined S.H. KRESS and Co; and after 12 years with the company, he occupied a buyer's desk. He resigned due to illness; and on Dec. 16, 1911, he opened the first J.J.NEWBERRY store in Stroudsburg, Pa. J.J. Newberry served as buyer, manager, floorwalker, sales clerk, and stockman in his first store—a single-minded dedication to duty that produced profits to finance the opening of a second store after just a year and a half of operation. By 1918, he was operating seven stores. During the same period, his brother, C.T.NEWBERRY, was superintendent of buyers with F. W. WOOLWORTH CO. In 1919, the brothers joined forces in the NEWBERRY stores. A third brother, Edgar A. NEWBERRY joined the company as a stock clerk in Shamokin, PA in the same year following his discharge from the U. S. Army. By the end of 1919, there were 17 stores in the chain with annual sales of $500,000. The company was incorporated in 1923. On the death of C.T. NEWBERRY in 1939, J.J. NEWBERRY became chairman of the board and his younger brother Edgar NEWBERRY assumed the presidency, a post he retained until 1953 when he, in turn, advanced to the chairmanship. By 1961, the company was operating 565 stores with annual sales of $291,000,000. J. J. NEWBERRY was one of the early

129

THE HUBLER HISTORY

pioneers in establishing a sales promotion department and continued to be among the leaders in chain store sales promotion.1495

James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) was probably born in Chester Co, PA in 17501496or more likely Nov. 19, 17491497,1498 [There is a controversy about where he was born. On her application to the DAR, Mrs. Miriam Giles concluded that he was born in Northumberland Co; however, he was probably born in Chester Co1499 or Philadelphia Co since (1) in the 1750’s in what was to become Northumberland Co, the only “white men” there were fur traders who lived in temporary camps among the Indian “savages”—there were no permanent settlements;1500 (2) when James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) enlisted in the Pennsylvania Line in March 1, 1777 (see below), he was in the Philadelphia area; (3) when he tried to get a pension, he returned to the Philadelphia area where he enlisted; (4) there were NEWBERRY families in Philadelphia and Chester Co; (5) the 9th Pennsylvania Line Regiment in which he served drew many of its members from Philadelphia and nearby counties and was commanded by Jack Nelson, a Philadelphian, and (6) he married Sara Guest in Chester Co].1501,1502 Possibly James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) moved to East Nantmeal, Chester Co from Philadelphia after the Revolutionary War where he married Sara Guest in 1784 by Dan Griffiths, a justice of the peace.1503,1504

However, the lineage of James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) is unclear. First, the spelling of the name varies among families, locales and time, but even the spelling differs among siblings. Common spellings of the same name in Pennsylvania include NEWBERRY, NEWBERY, NEWOROUGH, NEWBROUGH, and NEWBURY. Possibly James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) was the son of (1) John NEWBERRY who resided in Newlin Twp, Chester Coin 1785 (on the tax rolls) or (2) John NEWBERRY who was listed in Pennsbury Twp, Chester Co in the 1790 census (this family might have been descended from John NEWBERRY who settled in Montgomery Co, PA in 1706);1505 but any connection has not been established. (3) One immigration record lists a John NEWBERRY (no age mentioned) who arrived in Germantown, PA in 1706, and that might be the John NEWBERRY mentioned in Montgomery Co PA1506 (Montgomery Co was part of Philadelphia Co until 1784).1507 (4) One source states that James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) was the son of James Newbury and Sara (Linley) Newbury. James Newbury reportedly emigrated from Scotland to Connecticut in 1765.1508 It is also possible that might be part of the Irish NEWBERRYs who originated in Scotland, migrated to Cavan Co, Ireland and several generations later to Chester Co, PA in the 1700s.1509

The ancestors of John NEWBERRY (1677-1759) (described above and below) were large landowners of Devonshire, England near Plymouth on the south coast of England on the English Channel.1510 Thomas NEWBERRY (??-1635), his wife and seven children immigrated on the ship “Mary & John’ in 1630 (leaving several NEWBERRY brothers behind) and settled in Dorchester, MA by 1634 (becoming one of its largest land owners), Plymouth Rock and Windsor, CN. Confusing? Yep. An American tree follows: 1511

Thomas NEWBERRY (??-1635) (several children including Joseph and John NEWBERRY) 1512

John NEWBERRY (1677 England-Aug. 30, 1759 Shippack Twp, PA)1513 [anEnglishman by blood, an Episcopalian by religion and a husbandman by trade in Oct. 26, 1706 bought 450 acres of a 5,000 acre tract of the Van Bebber purchase (originally bought from Wm. Penn in 1682) on the north and south shores of the Skippack Creek, Skippack Twp (then called Bebber’s Twp) about a mile west of the current village of Skippack; he purchased more land as time went on and became the largest landowner of the township)1514 (probably he was a grandson of Thomas NEWBERY, the immigrant) [m Rebekah Jacobs (1685-March 30, 1762)] 1515 on July 23, 17001516 (daughter of John Jacobs)

Henry NEWBERRY (1724 Skippock Plantation, Philadelphia Co, PA-July 4, 1789) [m Anna Bull1517 (ca 1734 VA-July 31, 1812) (Episcopalian of Perkiomen, Montgomery Co, PA) 1518 and is

130

THE HUBLER HISTORY

buried in St. James Episcopal Cemetery in Montgomery Co, PA and was on 1790 and 1800 census there;1519 Anna was the daughter of Thomas Bull and Elizabeth Addams] (he was also know as Harry NEWBERRY)1520

Isaac NEWBERRY1521 (possibly)Isreal NEWBERRY (1757-1828)1522, 1523, 1524 (m Sibella Pennebacker)1525

Henry NEWBERRY, Jr. (1755-1844) 1526,1527,1528 (inherited all the possessions of his father, including his plantation in Worcester Twp, Montgomery Co, PA in the will of his father; it was administered by Jesse Bein (Bean), 1529 probably the son of John NEWBERRY and Elizabeth HUBLER and the grandson of John NEWBERRY (1677-1759)1530 (m Elizabeth Hawkhurst) 1531

Rebekah NEWBERRY (1778-1857) 1532 (m Abraham Skeen) 1533

Elizabeth NEWBERY (??-1797) 1534 (m David Thomas) 1535

Jermimah NEWBERRY (1760 Shippack Twp, Philadelphia Co-Oct. 5, 1813 Pottsgrove Twp, Montgomery Co, PA) 1536 [m Samuel Skeen (1746-1813) 1537 in 1784); 1538,1539 (he was an Lt. in RW commanded by Col. John Bull] 1540

Thomas NEWBERRY (1772-??)1541 (m Sarah Burns) 1542

John NEWBERRY (1774-1829) (m Sarah Gordan) 1543,1544 (?? in the 1790 census he was in Pennsbury Twp, Chester Co, PA with two children,1545 so he might not be the same John)

James NEWBERRY (see above)Rebecca NEWBERRY (m David Rees) (possibly)Ann NEWBERRY1546 (1715-1795) (unmarried) (in a lawsuit filed June 21,

1796 by Jesse Bein, administrator for Ann Newberry, who had died intestate in Northumberland County in 1795. The document alleged that Thomas Rees, a miller from Philadelphia, owed Ann Newberry 80 pounds sterling which he had promised in December 1772;1547 Rees was from Nantmeal Twp, Chester Co, PA and might indicate a connection of my James NEWBERRY with this line, and also Jesse Bean probably was the son of John NEWBERRY and Elizabeth HUBLER and the grandson of John NEWBERRY (1677-1759)1548

Mary NEWBERRY1549,1550 (m John Davis) 1551

Elizabeth NEWBERRY (??-> 1758) (m John Bean) (possibly)Richard NEWBERRY (1725-1758)

Isaac NEWBERRY (1755-1763) (died at age 8)Isaac NEWBERRY

Julia NEWBERRY (possibly) 1552

Nancy NEWBERRY (possibly) 1553

However, there were at least two John NEWBERRYs in Chester Co. The data is not clear and may rule out one John NEWBERRY of Pennsbury, PA (Pennsbury Twp was formed from part of Kennett Twp in 1770; it is the easternmost township in Chester Co, PA and borders Delaware). The spelling of this John was “NEWBRAUGH.”

John NEWBRAUGH, Sr. (??-ca 1735) [he was on the tax rolls of Cain Twp (1720, 21), Middleton Twp (1722), Bradford Twp (1730) and E. Bradford Twp (1732), all in Chester Co; he died in 1735 and was married to Dinah

131

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Butterfield (??-ca 1779)]John NEWBRAUGH, Jr. (ca 1730 Chester Co, PA- ca 1797 Winchester, VA) [he

married Eleanor McClure in Wilmington, DE in 1753 but resided in Pennsbury Twp, PA until he moved to VA in 1791; he was a blacksmith and there are several court cases in Chester Co about his running away from his apprenticeship as a blacksmith; he lived in and was taxed in Kennett Twp (1756-1769) which later Pennsbury (1770-1772), moved to London Grove Twp (1773-1781) and finally to VA (1791)]

John NEWBRAUGH, III (1760- ??) [he married Elizabeth Grist/Greist, was a RW soldier in Chester Co and resided in Berkley Co; he was a farmer and had 12 kids]

Joshua NEWBRAUGHJoseph NEWBRAUGH (??-1752 Chester Co, PA) [he left his wife and 2 kids in

England, so he may have been a different Joseph]Sarah NEWBRAUGHAnn NEWBRAUGH

James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) joined the Pennsylvania forces in the Revolutionary War. He enlisted on May 20, 1776 in the 5th South Carolina Regiment and served as a private in Company D (led by Capt. John Nelson and Capt. George Grant), 9th Pennsylvania Regiment commanded by Col. George Nagel and successively by Col. Richard Butler from his enlistment on March 1, 1777 in Philadelphia until his honorable discharge on Jan. 24, 1781 in Trenton, New Jersey. He participated in the battles of Short Hills, Brandywine, Germantown, Monmouth and Stoney Point.1554,1555 After the war, James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) probably went with a Company D buddy (a drummer, Albin GUEST) to East Nantmeal Twp, Chester Co where he met his buddy's sister, Sara GUEST (1764-1850). James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) and Sara (GUEST) NEWBERRY (1864-1850) were married by Dan Griffth, a Justice of the Peace, in 1784 in Chester Co1556 Albin GUEST subsequently moved northwest to settle in Stone Valley, Northumberland County where he purchased land on a confiscated estate in July 1781. James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) stayed in Chester County1557 and married Sarah GUEST (1764-1850) in East Nantmeal Twp, Chester Co in 1784. He was listed on the tax rolls in Coventry Twp, Chester Co in 1785.

Probably about 1787, James and Sara NEWBERRY moved to Turbut Township, Northumberland Co1558 James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) is listed on the 1790 census in Northumberland Co. I do not know where he lived in relationship to Albin GUEST, but they lived about 3 miles above Northumberland on the Danville Road near Chulasky.1559 About ten years later, the PAUL family moved just north of the NEWBERRY place and across the road. Subsequently, three of the NEWBERRY children married three PAULs. Earlier, two PAUL sisters (Margaret and Catherine PAUL) had married two HUBLER brothers (Abraham and Henry HUBLER) in Northampton County in about 1797.

Albin NEWBERRY (1787-1854) was a farmer and landowner in Northumberland and with his wife, Nancy Ann (later known as Anne) PAUL had many children as listed above. 1560

The exact lineage of William NEWBERRY (<1817-1845) is unclear. He was almost surely the son of Albin NEWBERRY (1787-1854) and Nancy Ann PAUL or James NEWBERRY, Jr. (1794-1829) and Sara PAUL1561 The consensus1562 favors the latter, so I outlined his lineage as above.

The 1790, 1800 and 1810 census for Northumberland Co shows James NEWBERRY (1750-1830). On April 21, 1818, he applied for a pension as a Revolutionary War soldier at age 68 and as a resident of Northumberland Co. He went before the Judge of Courts of Common Pleas, 9th of the Eight Judicial District of Pennsylvania (in accordance with the “late Act of Congress” to provide veterans for the Revolutionary War—it was passed in March 1818) and requested a pension, as declared by law. He stated that he enlisted in October 1776 in PA in the Company commanded by

132

THE HUBLER HISTORY

George Grant of the 9th Regiment and was discharged on Jan. 24, 1781 at Trent, New Jersey. He stated that he participated in the battles of the Short Hills, Brandywine, Germantown, Monmouth and Stoney Point. James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) signed his petition with an “X.”1563 The amount that he received was not listed, but in later documents (see below), it was revealed that James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) obtained an annual stipend of $110.

James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) applied for a pension related to his service in the Revolutionary War. He was allowed an annual pension of $96.00 beginning on April 21, 1818.1564 On Aug. 1, 1820, James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) appeared in court in Chester Co to plead for an additional pension,1565 and he stated that he was a resident of East Nantmeal Twp, Chester Co, had no family with him and was in need of funds. He said that he was a resident of East Nantmeal Twp and served in the Revolutionary War in the Company commanded by Capt. Joseph McClellan in the Regiment commanded by Richard Butler. He admitted that he had obtained a pension (certificate # 3719) that amounted to $110/year. James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) said that he owed $50, had no family and could not earn his sustenance because of age (70 years) and infirmary (blind in one eye and almost the same in the other eye). James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) was given $83.73. Meanwhile, his wife, Sarah (GUEST) NEWBERRY (1764-1850), was listed as the head of a household (as well as, her grown sons Albin, James, Jr. and Richard NEWBERRY) in Northumberland Co in the 1820 census. James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) took his funds and returned to Northumberland Co in Oct.1820 where he died on Feb. 22, 1830. Sara (GUEST) NEWBERRY (1867-1850) said later that he stayed in Chester Co for 9 months in 1820. It appears that they colluded to defraud the government.1566,1567,1568, 1569 Until 1900, the government kept copies of all correspondence TO, but not FROM, them;1570 so much of the official thinking had to be conjectural, and maybe the seeming collusion was just a misinterpretation of the fragmentary data.1571

In 1838, Congress passed another pension law to provide pensions to widows of Revolutionary War veterans. On September 5, 1839, Sara (GUEST) NEWBERRY (1764-1850) applied for a federal pension as a resident of Northumberland, Northumberland Co.1572 She stated that she was 75. She signed with an “X.” A Mary NEWBERRY (probably her daughter, but using her maiden name) attested to the veracity. A final disposition was not given about the pension request was not given; however, it is obvious that her honesty was in doubt [recall that her husband, James NEWBERRY (1750-1830), had previously testified on his second pension request that he lived alone]. Thus, on Feb. 1, 1840, Sara (GUEST) NEWBERRY (1764-1850) testified before a JP in Northumberland that her husband had not kept official certification papers (such as, a Marriage Certificate or Birth Records), and thus in 1820, he traveled to Harrisburg to seek his service record and honestly testified that he lived alone. She explained that he was gone for nine months and then returned home to Northumberland (with no ill will) where he resided until his death. She added that James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) drank liquor, and that neither of them could write. Additional persons signed affidavits supporting the marriage of James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) and Sara (GUEST) NEWBERRY (1754-1850) (the pastor who performed the marriage in Chester Co, had died thirty years earlier). Also, on Feb. 3, 1840, the Court requested further documentation, and her son, Albin NEWBERRY, certified the truth of her statements (but he said that he could not read, but none-the-less, he had seen paper which certified the marriage of hi parents). The truth that Albin NEWBERRY was who he said was declared by signature by Henry S. (Paul) (possibly his nephew). Even the pastor who had followed Dan Griffith, the JP in Chester Co who had married the NEWBERRYs, certified that Griffith was indeed a JP in Chester Co, as she had claimed. By May 1840, Sara (GUEST) NEWBERRY (1764-1850) still had no pension. Finally, a military officer apparently obtained the elusive pension, and she began to get her pension.1573

However, in 1843, Congress passed a law to reauthorize its 1838 pension law, and so recipients had to re-apply (there were fewer left who would qualify because of advancing age). In June 1884, Sara (GUEST) NEWBERRY (1764-1850) (then 80 years old) declared the same facts as before, and the document was witnessed by John PAUL. Apparently, she continued to receive the pension until her death in 1849/50.1574

133

THE HUBLER HISTORY

James and Sara NEWBERRY lived on a farm in Point Twp, Northumberland Co (later Centre Co), PA just north of the North Branch of the Susquehanna River, near Northumberland Twp. The NEWBERRY farm was separated from the PAUL farm by a canal. A road was first, and then the canal was built. Betty Brungard, who lived in Point Twp in the 1950s, recalls that the canals were no longer in use then, and a dirt-crossing passageway across had been built. When the highway (Route 11) from Northumberland to Danville, PA was widened, the NEWBERRY farmhouses were removed (one was torn down; the other was moved to Point, where it stands today). There was a Presbyterian Church beside the NEWBERRY farmhouse in 1858, but only a foundation and spring are left there. I do not know how the PAULs and NEWBERRYs crossed the canal, which separated the farms.1575,1576

James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) and Sara GUEST (1764-1850) both died at home in Point Twp, Northumberland Co. No one knows where James and Sarah NEWBERRY are buried. The only cemetery in Point Twp was on the Wm. Wilson farm (Presbyterian Cemetery), but no one knows where the Wilson farm was. The NEWBERRYs must have been buried in unmarked graves on their own land, or in Riverview Cemetery, Northumberland Co, PA1577 or on the Wilson farm.1578

Sara GUEST (1764-1850) left a sizable estate divided among 9 heirs—her children, including her daughter, Sarah NEWBERRY HUBLER.1579 Each of her seven living children (in 1850 when she died, her sons Richard and James NEWBERRY had preceded her in death) received $124.77, but the children of her two dead sons (Richard and James NEWBERRY) divided an equal amount of $124.77.1580,1581

James Newberry (1750-1830) could not write and signed his name with an "X.”1582

The Chester courthouse has several records on NEWBERRYs during the appropriate time, including John and Henry NEWBERRYs.

The parents of James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) have not been discovered. One source states that they were James Newbury and Sara Linsley from Connecticut. His grandfather emigrated from Scotland and settled in Connecticut.1583

There are various NEWBERRYs from various parts of the USA (like, NJ and MO), is a NEWBERRY Research Society, are several web pages and is a group on the Internet—all sorting out NEWBERRYs. Some of those (e.g. Larry Hitch and Gerry Hamor) are referenced above while others with pending connections are on the Internet (rootsweb). The PA census for NEWBERRY follows:

1790 Pennsylvania Census:James NEWBERRY--1 male > 16 years (James); 4 males < 16 years (John, Richard, Albin,

and James); 1 female > 16 years (Sara); (Point Twp, Northumberland County)

John NEWBERRY—1 male > 16, 1 male < 16, 2 females (Pennsabury Twp, Chester Co)George NEWBERRY—1 male > 16, 2 males < 16, 2 females (Martick Twp, Lancaster

Co)Israel NEWBURY—1 male > 16, 1 male < 16, 4 females (no Twp, Montgomery Co)Henry NEWBURY—1 male > 16, 3 females (no Twp, Montgomery Co)Ann NEWBURY—1 male > 16, 3 females (no Twp, Montgomery Co)

1800 Pennsylvania Census:James NEWBERRY, Northumberland Co, p 809, 22201-21010:

2 males under 10 (Joshua and George (?)) 2 males between 10-15 (Albin and James) 2 males between 16-25 (John and Richard) 1 male 45 or older (James, Sr.)

Ann NEWBERRY (PHIL 172)Henry NEWBERRY (MONT 837)John NEWBERRY (MONT 853)

134

THE HUBLER HISTORY

1810 Pennsylvania Census:James NEWBERRY (NUPT 358; Point Twp)Richard NEWBERRY (NUPT 358; Point Twp)(I could not find James or Richard on the microfilm)

1820 Pennsylvania census:Sarah NEWBERRY (NMBR 039), Point TwpAlben NEWBERRY (NMBR 039)John NEWBERRY (NMBR 039)Richard NEWBERRY (NMBR 039)

1830 Pennsylvania census:James NEWBERRY (NRTH 153)Alben NEWBERRY (NRTH 153)Joshua NEWBERRY (NRTH 153)Richard NEWBERRY (NRTH 153)

no Sara NEWBERRY (she had already married Moses HUBLER)

Controversy or at least questions are possed on several issues, as follows. The birthdate of James NEWBERRY is published as 1750 by one author and 1749 by several

others. The later date (1749) is probably accurate. The existance of Washington as a son of James NEWBERRY and Sara GUEST is debated, and

it may be that George NEWBERRY had a middle name of Washington which might be the source of the confusion. Washinton was not listed in the estate of Sara GUEST NEWBERRY in 1858 (but he might have died young and childless), but he is mentioned by his aunt (Ann Waters) in 1841. 1584, 1585

The GUEST Family

Henry GuestMary ??

Henry Guest (m to ??)

Henry Guest (??-??)??

James Guest (?? -1782) (m to Unknown)

James GUEST (??-1782 East Nantmeal Twp, Chester Co, PA1586), 1587

Unknown (??- <1782)James GUEST, Jr. (??-Dec 14, 1836)1588 (m unknown)John GUEST (??-1830 East Nantmeal Twp, Chester Co, PA1589))William GUEST (??-1802 East Nantmeal Twp, Chester Co, PA1590))Thomas GUEST (??-1836 East Nantmeal Twp, Chester Co, PA1591))Mary GUEST (??-1846 West Goshen Twp, Chester Co, PA1592)) (m ?? Evans)Hannah GUEST (??-1833 East Nantmeal Twp, Chester Co, PA1593))

James GUEST, Jr. (??-Dec 14, 1836) 1594

UnknownRichard GUESTAlbin GUESTMargaret GUEST

135

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Sarah GUEST (1764-1850) (not listed in will)1595, 1596) (m James NEWBERRY)Ann Guest (m John Watters) [lived in Philadelphia; she declared herself as Sara’s sister on

formal papers on the claim of Sara (GUEST) NEWBERRY for a federal pension in 18421597,1598].

The 1768 tax rolls of Chester Co, PA list:Daniel GUEST--E. BradfordHenry GUEST--ThornburyJames GUEST, Jr--??, unmarriedJohn GUEST--??, unmarriedJAMES GUEST--EAST NANTMEALPhebe GUEST--ConcordThomas GUEST--??, same Twp as James, Jr. and John aboveWilliam GUEST--Bethel(James Jr., John, Wm and Thomas were sons of James GUEST)

The 1780 tax rolls of Chester Co, PA list:James GUESTJohn GUEST (inmate, married but landless)James GUEST, Jr. (inmate, married but landless)

The GUEST family is part of the HUBLER heritage. Sarah GUEST (1764-1850) married James NEWBERRY (1749-1830); her father was James GUEST (??-1782), a landowner in East Nantmeal, Chester Co, PA in 1774. This branch of the GUEST family might be descended from Henry GUEST (or Gest) who immigrated to Philadelphia from Bristol, England on May 11, 1686 on the ship, "Delaware,” John Moore, master. He was a sawer from Birmingham, England who immigrated with his wife, Mary ?, and son, Henry GUEST, Jr.1599,1600 Other 17th century GUEST immigrants included William GUEST who arrived on “The Hester and Hannah” in Aug. 1682.1601

The will of James GUEST, Sr. (??- 1782) gives his offspring as above. His son, James GUEST, Jr. (??-1836), was the father of Sarah GUEST (1764-1850) who married James NEWBERRY (1749-1830) in 1784 in East Nantameal, Chester Co, PA. James GUEST, Jr. (??-1836) served as a sergeant in the Company of Capt. Caleb North in the Regiment of Col. Wayne in the Revolutionary War, and he was a Pensioner. 1602

Sara Guest (1764-1850) was probably born and married in Chester Co, PA. James GUEST (??-1782) died in 1782 when Sarah GUEST was 18 years old (and presumably living at home). Sarah GUEST (1764-1850) probably met James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) for the first time after his discharge from the Army in 1781 and married James NEWBERRY in 1784, two years after the death of her father, James GUEST (??-1782). [See the discussion above about the marriage of GUEST and NEWBERRY. James NEWBERRY (1750-1830) and Sarah GUEST (1764-1850) were living in Chester Co in 1785 and probably moved to Northumberland about 1787 (before 17901603). She died on March 3, 1850 in Point Twp, Northumberland Co, PA. 1604.

Johannes HUBLER and Christina had a child (Johannes) in Centre Co on Aug. 10, 1803, and the sponsors were Nicholas Gast and Catharine.1605 Is this another Gast-HUBLER connection? It is also interesting that Albin GUEST was not on the tax rolls in 1768 (probably too young), in 1780 (he was gone in the Army) or in the will of James GUEST (perhaps he had already been given his share of the estate since he settled in Northumberland Co in 1781, one year before James GUEST died).

136

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Alfred Wick HUBLER (1842-1921)

Alfred Wick HUBLER (July 11, 1842 Mahoning Co, OH-Dec. 20, 1921 Mahoning Co, OH)1606, 1607 (buried in Oak Hill Cemetery, Youngstown, OH) 1608,1609,1610

Anna Catherine (Kate) STRALEY (June 15, 1846 Germany-Jan. 13, 1934 Mahoning Co,OH) 1611,1612 (m June 25, 1868)1613,1614 (buried in Oak Hills)1615

A complete family tree follows:1616, 1617, 1618, 1619, 1620 ,1621, 1622,1623

Nora May HUBLER (July 7, 1869 OH1624-June 25, 1959 OH) (m Maurice Oldaker)Helen Katherine Oldaker (June 16, 1902-May 30, 2001) [m Lloyd Shaw (d

1961)]1625,1626

Step-children:Marilyn Shaw (m ? Boggs)Norman Shaw

Ada Irene HUBLER (Sept. 3, 1871 OH1627-May 13, 1956 OH) (see following notes)Edwin Lafayette HUBLER (Dec. 7, 1873 OH1628-Apr 17, 1960 OH) (m Doris Klingensmith)

Caroline HUBLER (b Dec 3, 1915) (m Leland Jukes)Paul JukesMary Lou Jukes

Mary Louise HUBLER (b 1923) (m John A. Wren)1629,1630

Jonathan David (JD) Wren (b Aug. 13, 1951) 1631

Darcy Leigh Wren (b May 1, 1953) (m ? Gauriloff) 1632

Peter John Gauriloff (b 1986) 1633,1634

Leigh Gauriloff (b 1988) 1635,1636

1606 Death Certificate, State of Ohio.1607 AW Hubler family Bible.1608 Dept. of Interior, Bureau of Pension—copies of official papers contemporaneously given but received on Nov. 28, 1997.1609 Death Certificate, State of Ohio.1610 Oak Hill cemetery plot listing.1611 Death Certificate Index Mahoning Co, OH sent by Don Pedicini on Sept. 10, 1999.1612 AW Hubler family Bible.1613 Dept. of Interior, Bureau of Pension—copies of official papers contemporaneously given but received on Nov. 28, 1997.1614 Dodd, Jordan, Liahona Research, comp. "Ohio Marriages, 1803-1900." [database online] Provo, UT: Ancestry.com, 2000.1615 Oak Hill cemetery plot listing.1616Letters from Wm. Host, Assistant Superintendent, Oak Hill Cemetery, dated Dec. 1, 1989 and March 7, 1990.1617Interment records from Mill Creek Memorial Park Assoc. (Oak Hill Cemetery), 1990.1618Newspaper obituaries.1619Family Bible, in possession of Helen HUBLER Oldacker Shaw in Florida, 1990. Photocopies in personal file.1620Letter from William Powers, Canfield, Ohio, professional genealogist, dated April 19, 1991.1621 Dept. of Interior, Bureau of Pension—copies of official papers contemporaneously given but received on Nov. 28, 1997.1622 Department of the Interior, Bureau of Pensions, Questionarie, March 25, 1915.1623 General Affidavit, Ohio, Mahoning Co Claim for Pension.1624 Mahoning County Court Birth Record.1625Helen Kate HUBLER Oldaker Shaw; see many letters; her health began to fail about 1989 with an increasing tremor which made it difficult to write and eye problems which made blind, but her mind and memory remained clear; she visited in CC many times and I visited her in her Ft. Myers, Florida home.1626 AW Hubler family Bible.

137

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Susan Kimberly (Kim) Wren (b Mar. 13, 1956) (m ? Medoch) 1637

Clark Wren (b Aug. 13, 1960) 1638

Harry Wick HUBLER (Apr. 22, 1875 OH-Apr. 10, 1909 OH) 1639 (buried inOak Hill Cemetery, Youngstown, OH) (single)

Grace Ethel HUBLER (Mar. 3, 1879 OH-Mar. 4, 1952 OH) [m Francis Patterson(d 1947)]1640

Clara Brook HUBLER (May 18, 1880 OH-Sept. 10, 1968 FA) (single)Amy Harriet HUBLER (Apr. 18, 1882 OH1641-May 5, 1949 OH) (buried in

Oak Hill Cemetery, Youngstown, OH) (m ? Jewett1642or Clarance McFadden1643 or both) (buried May 10, 1949)

Lloyd Lincoln HUBLER (Feb. 12, 1886 OH-July 9, 1972 AL) (m Edith WEBER)

Alfred Wick HUBLER (1842-1921) was born on July 11, 1842 in Youngstown (Coitsville), Ohio.1644 He was the youngest son and the tenth child of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) and Sara NEWBERRY (1807-1891). "Wick" is an historical name in Youngstown. One of the earliest Wicks in Youngstown was Phoebe Wick who was a school "marm" in the 1840's. Later, Wick became a very prominent surname with the members of the steel business who were paramount in the formation of Republic Steel Company.1645 Wick Avenue is an important street in old Youngstown. Alfred Wick HUBLER (1842-1921) may have been named after Phoebe Wick, but no one knows.

A. W. HUBLER (1842-1921) was raised on the farm that was managed by his widowed mother, Sara NEWBERRY (1807-1891), and his older brother, Abraham HUBLER (1834-19??), after his father, Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), had died.1646, 1647 He was only 13, but not was never a farmer or weaver like his dad. One source states that 1851 his mother, Sara NEWBERRY (1807-1891), left the farm and moved to Youngstown proper. I suspect that the correct year was 1861 (1851 would have been before his father had died). Her son, Abraham HUBLER (1834-1918) [who helped her with the farm] was 21, and soon after, he began work in the new steel mills. A. W. HUBLER (1842-1921) was 19 years old. I do not know if Sara NEWBERRY sold the farm, or just moved.

During the height of the American Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln feared that the North would be invaded by the South along the Midwestern states (especially since most of the regular army was stationed in the confines of the South), so he called for citizens to sign up for a 100 day stint in the Army of the United States (called the G.A.R., the Great Army of the Republic). President Lincoln hoped that the short time of service would minimize the sacrifice and encourage enlistment. Ohio's share of the force was 30,000. The quota was rapidly filled mostly from the Ohio National Guards. The 44th battalion, a Mahoning County organization, was composed of four companies was consolidated with the 92nd Ohio volunteer infantry formed the 155th Ohio volunteer infantry. Alfred W. HUBLER (1842-1921) joined the G.A.R. at age 22 and was a member of Tod Post, G.A.R. and served in the Civil War in Company B, 155th O.V.I.1648, 1649 (as a one hundred days volunteer). He volunteered at Youngstown, OH on May 2, 1864 1650 and mustered into service on May 8, 1864 as a private.1651 The next day, the 155th OVI started for New Creek, WV. His division went through Washington, West Virginia, Virginia and North Carolina (mostly garrison and escort duties) and suffered few war causalities from battle, but sickness felled many of his cohorts.1652 Typhoid fever, cholera, smallpox and other illnesses were the biggest killers in the Civil War, before there were antibiotics and sterilization techniques. An understanding of "germs" and contagion was years in the future; and if a person developed a wound in battle, he often faced certain amputation, death or both. A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921) contracted “camp fever” (typhus) at Camp Euleudid (?), VA in July 1864 (according to his notarized application for a pension in 1891; in July 1864, the OVI was in Bermuda City, City Point and Norfolk, VA then moved to Elizabeth City, NC)1653 or typhoid fever (according to family tradition as expressed by his granddaughter, Helen Hubler Shaw) in those 100 Days Service, and the effects of the disease would weaken him later.1654

138

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Typhus is an acute, infectious, rickettsial disease transmitted by lice and fleas. Endemic (murine) typhus is common especially in Southeastern states, is carried by fleas and is an uncomfortable, but relatively benign, disease. Epidemic typhus has also been called jail fever, war fever, and camp fever, names that suggest overcrowding, under-washing, and lowered standards of living. It is rare in modern America. The body louse, which spreads the disease, has a powerful sucking mouth. As it sucks the blood of a typhus victim, rickettsias (the actual cause of typhus) pass into the louse's gut, where they invade the intestinal cells. They multiply and the cells burst after a few days, releasing hordes of rickettsias into the louse's intestinal canal. These either re-infect other cells or are passed out in the louse's feces. Lice leave a body when it gets too hot from fever or too cold from death and crawl to another human host. The clothing of a heavily infested typhus patient is contaminated with louse feces, and careless removal of it may raise a cloud of infected dust in the air and, in this way, spread typhus to others. The rickettsias are a family of microorganisms named for a U.S. pathologist, Howard T. Ricketts, who died of typhus in 1910 while investigating the spread of the disease.1655 The epidemic is louse borne (the organism, Pediculus humanus, is carried by body lice). The disease is characterized by high fever, intractable headache, and rash. Temperature reaches 104° F in several days and remains high. Headache is generalized and intense. On the 4th to 6th day, a rash develops and spreads. Prostration is due to low blood pressure, may be followed by vascular collapse. Now with antibiotics, fatalities are rare, but untreated epidemic typhus killed adults in the double-digits. Mortality still increases with age. Synonyms include typhus fever, malignant fever (in the 1850s), jail fever, hospital fever, ship fever, putrid fever, brain fever, bilious fever, spotted fever, petechial fever, and camp fever. The disease is most common in wartime with close contact and poor hygiene.1656 [In 1997, the treatment is broad-spectrum antibiotics (tetracycline) and control of dehydration. Because there is no vaccination available (or any planned), prevention is most important. Typhus is not new. In the 17th century, Napoleon lost thousands of his men to typhus in Russia - as did the Russians who caught it from their enemy. Many historians believe that Napoleon would have won were it not for the might of his opponents "General Winter, General Famine and General Typhus."] DDT was used extensively (and effectively) during World War II, but newer (and safer) insecticides are applied.]

A. W. HUBLER (1842-1921) mustered out on Aug. 27, 1864 at Camp Dennison in Ohio.1657

Many photographs of various battalions of the G. A.R. have been identified, but those of Company B have not been found (they said to try later).1658, 1659 Also, the Recorder's Office of Mahoning Co, Ohio has no discharge papers on file for Alfred Wick HUBLER in the Civil War,1660 but the Department of the Interior, Bureau of Pensions has many official documents and paid a pension for almost thirty years.1661 Bureaucrats strike again.

After the Civil War, A. W. HUBLER (1842-1921) worked in the Youngstown steel mills (the major employer at that time) as a “boiler” and later as a "puddler.” The 1875 Youngstown City Directory lists Alfred as a “boiler,” while in 1879; 1883 he was a “puddler,”1662 and in 1890 he was a puddler at Brown, Bonnell & Co. 1663 Iron was smelted by a process that heats the iron ore (which was mined in Pennsylvania and Ohio) to high degrees. “Boilers” were workers who initiated and oversaw the heating process in the formation of pig or wrought iron. It was a very labor-intensive, blue-collar job, which often eventuated in a more technical occupation in the iron industry. “Puddlers” were a prime example of skilled labor in 19th century iron and steel mills. These workers performed the first step in removing impurities from the pig iron and shaping the molten metal into a pasty ball weighing about 150 pounds. When the puddler thought the iron was of the proper consistency, other workers removed it from the furnace and ran it through squeezers to make a "muck bar" free of impurities. Skilled laborers known as rollers then took the mass of metal and rolled it between grooved cylinders on a finishing mill, producing more iron. Puddlers and rollers were "key laborers" in any iron works, and they jealously guarded their skills, acquired by long years of experience.”1664

139

THE HUBLER HISTORY

On June 25, 1868,1665 A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921) married Kate (Anna Catherine) STRALEY (1846-1934), a German immigrant who had been reared in Youngstown, Ohio (see the STRALEY family). [On the wedding license, the bride’s name was an informal “Kate,” and it was co-signed by J. Johnson, a probate judge, and John Peate, a ME church minister.]1666 Neither had been previously married.1667 They raised eight children in Youngstown, the steel town. 1668

For many years, A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921) worked for Brown-Bonnell Co (steel) and was President of Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel and Tin Workers for the region.1669, 1670 The Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel and Tin Workers was founded in 1876 to represent the workers against the iron and steel company owners. It was a time when six-day workweeks, twelve-hour workdays and child labor were the norm. No one represented the workers. The union went through hard times when organizers were brutally beaten and their lives threatened; and any worker who joined the group faced immediate dismissal, so the society held secret meetings and used passwords. In 1892, a bitter labor strike (the Homestead Strike) against the biggest steel company of the land, the Carnegie Company (in 1892 it became U.S. Steel) was broken by company-hired police-thugs and state militia. It was not until the roaring 1920s after the Great Depression that President Franklin Roosevelt started the New Deal and Congress passed the Labor Relations Act that recognized workers’ rights. In 1942, the United Steelworkers became the workers’ union.1671

But, he quit the demanding rigors of steel work before the usual retirement age. The effects of camp (typhus) fever during his youth had weakened Alfred Wick HUBLER (1842-1921), so he left the strenuous work in the steel mill and worked for his brother-in-law making candy and later for his son (Edwin HUBLER) laying cement for Eureka College.1672 In 1920, he listed his occupations during his life as “puddler, clerk and contractor.” 1673

On Aug. 15, 1891, A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921) applied to the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Pensions for a pension based on disability (“rheumatism, fever and diarrhea”), which was contracted while he served in the Civil War in Virginia in July 1864. On April 13, 1891, he modified a statement from a previous application for a pension in which he described the physical disability that occurred because of his Civil War service. Alfred Wick HUBLER (1842-1921) testified in front of a notary public that in July 1864 (while in the OH Volunteers) that he had “contracted chronic diarrhea and resulting piles” and “a disease of the nervous system and partial paralysis the result of camp fever” (claim # 1,013,882).1674 He did receive a pension (certificate # 7672166) until his death on Dec. 20, 1921 [when he died it was $72/month] was renewed annually (and later quarterly). 1675 After his death, his widow, Catharine (STRALEY) HUBLER received a widow’s pension (certificate # 921228) of $36/month until her death in January 1934 [the amount seems paltry in today’s terms, but was significant especially in destitution days of the Great Depression.1676]

It is unclear to me about his Civil War-related disability. In a notarized affidavit on April 13, 1891 in an effort to obtain a pension, A. W. HUBLER (1842-1921) testified he contracted a “disease of nervous system and a partial paralysis [as] the result of camp fever.”1677 Such neurological conditions are not the usual sequella of typhus or typhoid fever. In subsequent applications, he added rheumatism, gastrointestinal pain and chronic diarrhea, and GI symptoms are associated with typhoid. Typhus (camp fever) was an acute epidemic disease that is lethal for some (usually because of acute dehydration and high fever); but in young soldiers, it is not usually deadly, but it is temporarily debilitating and effectively ends the ability to fight battles. Typhus is not usually (by itself) associated with “rheumatism,” chronic diarrhea or paralysis; however, the disease can give an opportunistic disease a chance to begin.

A slim man of medium height (5 feet, 8 inches)1678 with a dark white completion1679 who sported a distinctive, pencil-thin, black mustache, blue eyes1680 and a dark, combed coiffure, 1681,1682,1683 A. W. HUBLER (1842-1921) was a dapper dresser who was proud of his handsome, rakish appearance. He was called “Al.”1684 In 1918, the glint in his eyes that was caught in his fiftieth wedding anniversary photograph showed that his septuagenarian exterior was a facade. His

140

THE HUBLER HISTORY

picture in his obituary showed his proud countenance sporting round, wire glasses,1685 while earlier photographs did not demonstrate eyewear.

The 1875 Youngstown City Directory lists Alfred as living on Wood St. near Watt, while in 1879 at 20 Summit Ave., and 1883 he resided at 239 Summit Ave.1686 For most of his life, A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921) owned a stately home in Youngstown located at 218 W. Rayen Avenue, and he died there [his son-in-law, Francis Patterson, and his daughter, Grace HUBLER Patterson (who was a caretaker during the last years of his life), apparently lived there also since she listed that as her mailing address on Oct. 12, 1920 and Francis Patterson recorded that as his residence on the death certificate in 1921]. Sometime after A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921) died in 1921, Grace HUBLER Patterson purchased a home at 2301 Volney Rd., Youngstown, OH, and it became the HUBLER stronghold for generations. 1687,1688 Grace HUBLER Patterson was 32 in 1920 [her husband, Francis S. Patterson, was alive (he died in 1947) and signed a pension declaration in 1920], and she bought the Volney Rd. house and lived there (with her husband until his death in 1947) with several single or widowed sisters and her mother, Kate STRALEY (1846-1934), who died there. In 1915, Grace HUBLER was still single,1689 but by 1920, she had married Francis Patterson. 1690 The family tradition was that she married late in life, had no children, became a widow and took care of many of her siblings at her home on Volney Rd. Figuring from the known data, A.W. HUBLER, Kate STRALEY, Grace HUBLER Patterson, Francis Patterson, Ada HUBLER, and Clara HUBLER all lived at Rayen Rd. until after the death of A.W. HUBLER in 1921 when the surviving HUBLERs moved to Volney Rd. Subsequently, Kate (1934), Francis (1947), and Grace (1952) died, Clara moved to FL (1960) and Nora (? 1956) moved to a nursing homes, and Helen Oldaker Shaw moved to Florida with her husband prior to his death in 1947. Helen Shaw probably inherited the house and sold it in 19601691 when she took her aunt Clara (19601692) to Florida. The house on Volney Rd. still stands and is well maintained, but it holds no HUBLERs. It appears modest in size, is two-storied and has multiple bedrooms. A search of the Youngstown tax records showed that the house was built in 1922 (so it was new when it was purchased by the HUBLERs), was about 2,200 sq. ft., had 4 bedrooms and 1½ bathrooms and had a detached garage built in 1930 (undoubtedly by Grace HUBLER Patterson).1693 The property on Rayen Ave. is vacant of buildings. 1694

Alfred Wick HUBLER (1842-1921) died at 4:05 AM, Tuesday, Dec. 20, 1921 at his home on Rayden Ave., and the funeral services were held at the family home. Interment was at Oak Hill Cemetery1695 on Dec. 22, 1921.1696 [Apparently, the Mahoning County Soldiers Relief Fund gave assistance for his burial. He probably died penniless and interstate (no will or estate papers are on file;1697 he had been unable to work for 11 years before he died. 1698]. He was 79 years old when he died. The cause of death was arteriosclerosis, "infirmities of age" and senile dementia.1699,1700 [The physician who signed the death certificate was “H.E. Welch, M.D.,” 1701 and I wonder if he was related to his brother-in-law’s family, the Welch’s]. In old age, he had became "senile," his mind failed, and he would wander off.1702 In 1921, his daughter, Clara B. HUBLER Patterson, sought financial aid from the Department of the Interior testifying that for two years (Jan. 10, 1920-Dec. 20, 1921) he required constant help, being unable to dress/undress, go to the toilet, feed himself, etc. She also described short periods of mental clarity and times of severe memory loss (but did not relate any violent behavior). The caretakers were his wife, Kate STRALEY (1846-1934), and his daughter, Grace HUBLER Patterson.1703 Today he would probably be diagnosed as a victim of Alzheimer's disease. [Several of his children and all of his grandchildren (including my father) developed classical Alzheimer’s disease late in their lives.]

Kate (Anna Catherine) STRALEY (1846-1934) died at 1:30 PM on Jan. 13, 1934 at home of her daughter Mrs. F.S. (Grace) Patterson, 2301 Voleny Rd., Youngstown, Ohio1704 at the age of almost 88 years. 1705 She was interred on Jan. 15, 1934 in Oak Hill Cemetery, lot # 291 (in the HUBLER family plot--the later generations are buried in Forrest Lawn Cemetery, Youngstown1706). The cause of death was unknown—senility, 1707 a stroke, 1708, old age and sclerosis1709 were all suggested. Her death certificate states the cause of death as “old age, and sclerosis cerbro-spinal-arterio” (the diagnosis was clinical; no autopsy was performed). 1710 After all, this spunky lady was

141

THE HUBLER HISTORY

87 ½ years old at her death1711—quite a feat at that time (and this)! After her death on Feb. 15, 1934, her daughter, Clara B. HUBLER, sought reimbursement for expenses associated with her burial ($313.56). [In her affidavit, she lists the following (mostly daughters) as helping during the last of her life at the family home at 2301 Volney Rd., Youngstown, OH: Clara B. HUBLER, Ada HUBLER, Nora Oldaker and Francis Hartman (I do not know who he was—the name was clearly written on the affidavit (specifically, it was not Francis Patterson—and strangely Grace HUBLER Patterson are not listed.]. Kate STRALEY (11846-1934) apparently was serious ill only for three days before her death. She was very elderly, but her physician, D.E. Montgomery (2286 Voleny Rd.) only cared for her for the last three days (and his bill was $9).1712

When Kate (Anna Catherine) STRALEY (1846-1934) died, she left three half brothers--Daniel Goeltz of Youngstown, John Goeltz of Youngstown and William Goeltz of Canton, five daughters--Mrs. F. S. (Grace) HUBLER Patterson, Clara HUBLER, Ada HUBLER, Mrs. Nora (HUBLER) Oldaker and Mrs. Clarence (Amy) HUBLER McFadden and two sons--Lloyd L. HUBLER (of Birmingham) and Edwin L. HUBLER (of Youngstown).1713 She was a member of Trinity M. E. Church.1714

For more information about Kate (Catherine) STRALEY (1846-1934) please se The Straley Story by W.R. HUBLER, Jr.

Neither A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921) nor and Catherine STRALEY (1846-1934) left a will; however, A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921) sold his property to his wife (Catherine STRALEY) before he died for $1, and she sold property to Alex G. Duncan for $1.1715 (In the obituary of Pyatt HUBLER, a nephew of A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921), states that he had a stepdaughter named Mrs. Alex G. Duncan.)1716

The Children of A. W. HUBLER (1842-1923)

Nora May HUBLER Oldaker (1869-1959), the daughter of A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921), married Maurice Oldaker and died on June 25, 1959 in Cupola Nursing Home (where she lived for six weeks before she died) “of old age” with a disturbance of the mind following slight strokes. [I wonder if she had Alzheimer’s disease like so many in her genetic line.] She died of a “heart ailment” at age 89 years.1717 She was the mother of Helen Shaw. She had blue eyes, brown hair and a fair complexion. She was 5 feet, 3 inches tall. Only finishing elementary school, she had special talents in embroidery and sewing and worked as a seamstress in the drapery department of a large department store in Youngstown.1718 She was a member of Trinity Methodist Church. She was buried in Forrest Lawn Cemetery, Youngstown on June 27, 1959 (Section: Central Park; Block A; Lot 11; Grave 6) in the family plot owned by Helen Oldaker Shaw.1719 She out lived her spouse. A family story tells that her brother, Edwin HUBLER, took her and her daughter, Helen, from her home because her husband was abusive and that she was pregnant at that time and later gave birth, but her baby was stillborn.1720 I cannot confirm the story, but I have reviewed dozens of snapshots taken at different times (in Helen Shaw’s estate) and found many of Helen Shaw with her mother, Nora HUBLER, but there was not one of her father even though he outlived her; so, it appears that they might have been separated. In her newspaper obituary, her husband was not mentioned at all, and she was living with her daughter, Helen.

Helen Katherine Oldaker Shaw (1902-2001), the granddaughter of A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921) and the daughter of Nora HUBLER Oldaker (1869-1959) married late in life (in 1954) to a widower, Lloyd Shaw. 1721 He had children by his previous wife, but they had no children together. She taught high school in Youngstown. 1722 She stayed very family oriented and supplied much of the information in this report [when I began collecting information in about 1989, she was the only living HUBLER who could relate data (most were dead, and the survivors were incapable of sharing family history) and had an excellent memory (and felt badly about discarding the family historical data collected by her aunt, Grace HUBLER Patterson)]. Helen Shaw stayed in Youngstown and helped care for her older aunts until she moved to the warm, sunny retirement state of Florida (1752 Castaway and later Yacht Club Colony in Ft. Myers) with her husband in 1960. 1723 When her aunt, Clara HUBLER, became

142

THE HUBLER HISTORY

ill (about 1959), Helen Shaw took her into her Florida home and cared for her until she died eleven years later in Ft. Myers. Her husband (Lloyd Shaw) died in May 1961. In a 1964 Christmas card to the HUBLERs in Corpus Christi, Helen Shaw lived at Yacht Club Colony and signed the card “Aunt Clara and Helen (her husband, Lloyd Shaw, had died in 1961 and his aunt, Clara HUBLER, would die in 1968). As a young lady, she visited many family members, and even late in life, she flew to Corpus Christi to visit her first cousin, W.R. HUBLER, Sr. (1916-1993) (who she called “Winthrope”), her uncle, L.L. HUBLER (who she called “Lloyd”), L.L. HUBLER’s second wife (Mabel Taylor), me and my family, W.R. Hubler’, Sir’s first wife (Marie SEALE) and his second wife (Helen Mullen). I knew her well. She was in great physical shape and had a sharp mental acuity even at advanced age. I visited her at her home in Florida several times (the last time was about 1990). In the early 1990’s, a benign, intension tremor, poor eyesight with glaucoma, inverted eyelashes with eye infections, and poor hearing bothered Helen Shaw. She sold her home on the canal and purchased a condominium in a high rise in Ft. Myers (2525 East First St, Apartment 1403, Ft. Myers, FL). By 1993, she suddenly, inexplicably and unexpectedly stopped all communication with me, and she did not answer my letters or accept my telephone calls. She also became taciturn with others and lost her spark. [Many in her HUBLER family had old-age-onset senile dementia (Alzheimer’s Disease) including her grandfather, mother, aunts, uncles and all of her first cousins; so some of her symptoms might have been the onset of that awful disease. She told her stepdaughter that everyone in her family developed it except Clara HUBLER (who lived with Helen in old age until she died), and Helen was lugubrious in old age fearing that she would fall victim also.] In 1997, I was notified (as one of her few living relatives) by a Florida court of a legal action by her stepchildren to declare her incapable of caring for her financial affairs and asking for a court appointed caretaker. Since I had lost all communication with her, I could not judge her competence. She was subsequently declared incompetent, but she asked her caretaker to gave a china plate to my family. She was moved to an assisted care center in Ft. Myers (after refusing to return to cold Youngstown) where she resided until she died at age 98.1724 In her last days, she lost her memory and cerebral functions and at times became agitated and angry with spells of verbal combativeness (but no physically violent behavior), but she never lost her spunk or independence. She developed colon cancer at the end, but she died peacefully with a total shutdown of all of her systems. 1725 Senile dementia failed a great mind. What comes around goes around. Most of her genealogical records were discarded—just as she done with her aunt’s possessions. Helen Shaw died on May 30, 2001 and is buried beside her mother at Forrest Lawn Cemetery in Youngstown. 1726,1727

Ada HUBLER (1871-1956), the daughter of A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921), never married and spent most of her life in the HUBLER houses at 218 W. Rayen Ave. and 2301Volney Rd. in Youngstown with her sisters. Her name was misspelled on her birth record (Adda)1728--a very common mistake there. She had brown eyes and hair and stood 5 feet, 5 inches tall. She finished elementary school and worked as a seamstress (in 1889, she was an apprentice at Strouss & Hirsberg)1729. She had multiple strokes late in life.1730, 1731 (She might have had Alzheimer’s Disease.) She died on May 13, 19561732 at age 84 at her residence at the Professional Nursing and Convalescence Home in Youngstown (“she was of 2301 Volney”). She had been ill for seven years before her death.1733 She was listed as a caretaker for her mother, Kate STRALEY, (in the Volney home) when her mother died in 1934. [She was 63 at that time.] She was buried in Forrest Lawn Cemetery, Youngstown on May 15, 1956 (Section: Central Park; Block A; Lot 11; Grave 4) in the family plot owned by Helen Oldaker Shaw.1734 She was survived by two sisters [Nora (HUBLER) Oldaker and Clara HUBLER], a niece (Helen Shaw) and two brothers (Edwin and L.L. HUBLER). She was a member of Trinity Methodist Church. According to her newspaper obituary, she was a member of the Daughters of Union Veterans of the Civil War;1735 however, a search by the National Treasurer and Registrar of the organization did not show her name as a member.1736 (A further search might be fruitful).

Edwin L. HUBLER (1873-1960), the son of A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921), was a cement contractor who owned his own business. His name was misspelled on his birth record (Gelivin)1737--a very common mistake there in Mahoning Co. His interment record and newspaper obituary records his birth year as 1875, but that date does not jive with his county court birth

143

THE HUBLER HISTORY

record, the family Bible or family records and is not compatible with the birth date of his brother, Harry HUBLER, who was born in 1875. He gave money to his younger brother, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972), to attend college. Edwin HUBLER was very artistic, a talent that he undoubtedly used at work. During the Depression, he began drawing, and his grandchildren possess some of his artwork. 1738 He died in 1960 “of complications” five weeks after a fall.1739 His interment record lists the cause of death is recorded as nephrosclerosis. His mind and memory began to fail in his late 60's [he retired at age 64], and he had and his two daughters have typical Alzheimer’s disease.1740,1741 In the 1950s, he was struck by a city bus when a drunk driver crossed lanes, and he recovered after several months in bed, but then he was hit by a car while he was crossing the street by his house. When he developed symptoms of dementia, at first it was thought to result from his accidents.1742 He was buried in Forrest Lawn Cemetery, Youngstown at age 84 on April 19, 1960 (Section: Central Park; Block A; Lot 11; Grave 3) in the family plot owned by Helen Oldaker Shaw.1743 He died in hospital, but his residence was 1114 Ford Ave., Youngstown. He was a Unitarian. His wife, Doris Klingsmith, two daughters, Leland Jukes and Carolyn Jukes, a sister, Clara HUBLER and a brother, Lloyd L. HUBLER, survived him. He was a member of the First Unitarian Church. He was called “Uncle Ed” by his neice, Helen Shaw, so he perferred the informal “Ed” over a more formal “Edwin.”

Harry Wick HUBLER (1875-1909) never married. He died at a young age of pneumonia and is buried in Oak Hill Cemetery, Youngstown, OH) (Lot 291).1744

Grace Ethel HUBLER Patterson (1879-1952), the daughter of A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921), married late in life and had no offspring. In 1915, Grace HUBLER was still single, 1745 but by 1920, she had married Francis Patterson,1746 she was between 36 and 41 when she married. Her husband, Francis Patterson, died in 1947 (she was 68).1747 A high school graduate, she was a home maker with blue eyes, blond hair and a 5 foot, 6 inch frame.1748, 1749 For years she was the head of the house and matriarch of the single sisters who lived in the old HUBLER homestead at 2301 Volney Rd.1750 For most of his life, A.W HUBLER (1842-1921) owned a stately home in Youngstown located at 218 W. Rayen Avenue, and he died there [his son-in-law, Francis Patterson, and his daughter, Grace HUBLER Patterson (who was a caretaker during the last years of his life; she was 42 when he died), apparently lived there also, since she listed that as her mailing address on Oct. 12, 1920 and Francis Patterson recorded that as his residence on the death certificate of A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921) in 1921]. Sometime after A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921) died in 1921, Grace HUBLER Patterson and her husband purchased a large home at 2301 Volney Rd., Youngstown, OH, and it became the HUBLER stronghold for generations. 1751,1752. She lived there until she died in 1952 (her husband also lived there until his death in 1947) with several single or widowed sisters and her mother, Kate STRALEY (1846-1934). Figuring from the known data, A.W. HUBLER, Kate STRALEY, Grace HUBLER Patterson, Francis Patterson, Ada HUBLER, and Clara HUBLER all lived at Rayden Rd. until after the death of A.W. HUBLER in 1921 when the surviving HUBLERs moved to Volney Rd. Subsequently, Kate (1932), Francis (1947), and Grace (1952) died, Clara moved to FL (1959) and Nora (? 1956) moved to a nursing homes, and Helen Oldaker Shaw moved to Florida with her husband prior to his death in 1947. Helen Shaw probably inherited the house and sold it when she took her aunt Clara (about 1959)1753 to Florida. (In 1999, the Volney house still stands, but its residents are no longer HUBLERs.) When Grace HUBLER Patterson died, Helen HUBLER Oldaker Shaw cleaned out the HUBLER house in Youngstown and found a large trunk filled with pictures, letters and family mementoes. She threw the entire trunk contents in the trash,1754 and thus discarded a genealogical treasure chest. A “heart ailment” killed Grace HUBLER Patterson at age 73.1755 She had been ill for six years prior to her death. (She might have developed Alzheimer’s disease.) She attended Trinity Methodist Church. She was buried at Forrest Lawn Cemetery (Section: Central Park; Block A; Lot 11; Grave 5) in the family plot owned by Helen Oldaker Shaw.1756

Clara Brook HUBLER (1880-1968), the daughter of A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921), never married nor produced offspring. She was a secretary. For many years, she lived in the old family home on Volney Rd. in Youngstown, Ohio, and moved to Ft. Myers, FA with her niece, Helen

144

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Shaw, 19591757 (when the Volney Rd. house sold and Helen Shaw moved). 1758 She had brown hair and eyes and was 5 feet, 5 inches. At the end, weighing only 74 pounds, frail and weak, Clara Brook HUBLER (1880-1968) died of congestive heart failure while her niece, Helen Oldaker Shaw, cared for her in her Florida home (1752 Castaway Dr., N. Ft. Myers).1759,1760,1761 She was buried in Forrest Lane Cemetery (Section: Central Park; Block A; Lot 11; Grave 1) in the family plot owned by Helen Oldaker Shaw.1762 She was interred six days after her death because memorial services were held in Florida and the body was sent to Youngstown where only a graveside service was held. She left a brother (L.L. HUBLER) and a niece (Helen Oldaker Shaw).

Amy Harriet HUBLER (? McFadden) Jewett (1882-1949) married and moved away from Youngstown (maybe to Indiana), but her body was returned for interment at Oak Hill Cemetery (Lot # 291). Her name was misspelled on her birth record (Clymy Harriet)1763--a very common mistake there. She married Mr. ? Jewett. Little is known of her circumstances, but she probably died of cancer. She was short (5 feet) and fair complexioned. She completed elementary school.1764 In the IGI, she was listed as married to Jewette and is buried under the name “Amy Jewette,” but in the newspaper obituary for her father, A.W. HUBLER, in 1921 and mother, Kate STRALEY, in 1934, she was listed as “Mrs. Clarence McFadden.” In plot #291at Oak Hills, “Anna” Jewett is listed in he same space as A.W. and Catherine HUBLER; however, the record was faulty, and the name should have been Amy Jewett instead of Anna Jewett.1765 It is possible that she married twice (first to McFadden then after 1934 to Jewett) and moved out of the Youngstown area. She was 67 when she died.

Medical ProblemsSeveral medical problems seem predominate in the HUBLER family. Considering the poor

medical diagnostics, the incomplete recording and the prevalent diseases, the medical picture may be skewed. However, Alzheimer’s disease and arteriovascular diseases seem clear-cut. A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921), his son [Edwin HUBLER (1873-1960)] and daughter [Nora HUBLER] and all four grandchildren [W.R. HUBLER, Sr., Mary Lou HUBLER Wren, Caroline HUBLER Jukes and Helen HUBLER Oldaker Shaw] all seem to have developed Alzheimer’s late in life.

Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative disease of nerve cells in the cerebral cortex that leads to atrophy of the brain and senile dementia. Alois Alzheimer first described the disease in 1906, but undoubtedly the disorder existed earlier; and in 2001, it is the most common form of dementia. In the USA, Alzheimer’s disease attacks 4 million people in 2001; 8.5 million citizens will be suffering from the disorder in 2030, and the incidence is probably higher.1766 It is an unbelievable story. Alzheimer's disease is difficult to diagnose since the onset is gradual, the symptoms in early cases cannot be quantified and there is no diagnostic blood test. The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is often made by excluding other known causes of dementia and by post-mortem brain biopsy. Alzheimer's disease interferes with the ability to remember, reason, learn and imagine; and it has associated depression, paranoia, anxiety, violent behavior and other personality changes. No cause, prevention or treatment is known. Alzheimer’s disease is one of the blackest maladies of mankind. It devastates many lives in each case—the victim and each of his or her loved ones, all of whom watch as the affected slowly, progressively and relentlessly loses memory, love and life, only to become a lonely shell.

Alzheimer's disease is clearly age related. About 10% of Americans suffer from Alzheimer's disease at age 65, while almost 50% of octogenarian Americans have it and some studies show over 70% of selected novagenerians suffer. 1767 It seems as if the incidence of Alzheimer's disease has skyrocketed, but most scientists state that it not increasing and attribute the perceived increase to the increased awareness of Alzheimer's disease by the public and professionals, the grouping of elderly in nursing homes instead of the dispersal of older Americans in private homes, and the increased longevity of the American populace. Some cases of Alzheimer's disease occur at age thirty or forty, but those are rare and usually are familial.

Although the cause for Alzheimer's disease is unknown, a genetic predisposition is evident. Abnormalities of one of three genes located on chromosomes 1, 14 and 21 have been identified in early-onset cases, 1768 and the search continues. Late-life onset Alzheimer's disease cases have abnormalities of

145

THE HUBLER HISTORY

chromosomes 10, 12 and 19, especially with E4 gene on chromosome 19, but a genetic marker in all cases has not be pinpointed. 1769

For the genealogist, tracing Alzheimer's disease in the family tree is difficult. First, individuals have to reach older age (when short life spans were ubiquitous, pioneers who qualify might be few). Second, identifying symptoms might be difficult since other conditions, such as, multiple small strokes, might masquerade as Alzheimer's disease and the cause of death was often cursorily recorded by physicians as “old age” or not identified at all (if such death certificate can be found or even existed). Theoretically, the diagnosis cannot be traced before 1906 when it was first described, even though the disease probably killed before then. However, descriptions of older folks who tend to “wander off,” who cannot remember other family members, or become violent might have had Alzheimer's disease, and of course, the diagnosis is established in anyone in modern medical times or who have been autopsied.

The incidence of Alzheimer's disease in the family of A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921) is striking. A.W. Hubler (1842-1921), his two sons (Ed and Lloyd) and all of grandchildren (Ed's two daughters, LL's son and the daughter of Nora) died with it. Maybe, more of the children of A. W. HUBLER (1842-1921) had it--I don't know. Alzheimer described the disease in 1906; however, undoubtedly it was present earlier, known simply as dementia. Everyone in A. W. HUBLER's (1842-1921) line developed it late in life (at 70-85 years of age). Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) died when he was 52, so he died too young to develop Alzheimer’s disease. His wife (Sara NEWBERRY) lived until she was 84 and did not have problems that I can find. I do not know of problems in the HUBLER line earlier, even though most lived long lives, but it is hard to know about dementia or memory problems that long ago.

Although about 30-50% of people over age 70 develop Alzheimer’s disease, the genetic line of A. W. HUBLER definitely had a higher incidence. If the disease seems common in the family tree distil to Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), Alzheimer’s disease would be genetically linked to Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) or beyond, but if it is not in the lines of other children of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855), either there was a change of the genes of A. W. HUBLER (1842-1921), the exposure to the offspring of A. W. HUBLER (1842-1921) to a new pathogen or probably both. Members of several families of other children of Moses HUBLER (1803-1855) have not found Alzheimer’s disease (or at least sure evidence of such). Eliza HUBLER (b 1826) died of "complications of diseases" (whatever that means), and no one in her line suffered from the disease.1770 No clear record is known in the line of his oldest son, James HUBLER (b 1828).1771

Several HUBLERs died of strokes or heart failure. However, longevity also seems part of the genetic picture.Oak Hill Cemetery applied to operate in 1852, but burials there many years earlier. Records

begin in 1878. The burial place of Moses HUBLER who died in 1855 is unknown—perhaps he lies in Oak Hill Cemetery before records were kept. The staffs at Oak Hill and Forrest Hills Cemeteries have been very cooperative and informative.

146

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The HUBLER Family in Alabama

Alabama

Hunter-gatherers were the earliest inhabitants of the area now called Alabama. Native Americans dwelled in northeastern Alabama for more than 10,000 years, and about 6,000 BCE very organized groups, Mound Builders, built large the ceremonial earthen platforms, some of which persist today. That culture inexplicably disappeared, when Europeans first came in the 16th century, Alabama was well populated. The local Native American nations had highly developed sociopolitical groups with complex trade and family networks. Central locations, often fortified towns, were hubs of economic, social, religious, and political activity. Agriculture centered around the cultivation of beans, corn, and squash. The pottery, stone carvings, and metalwork of these peoples show sophisticated artistic skill and complex symbolic systems.

Alabama was named after the Alabama River, which was named after a Native American tribe that inhabited the region at the time the first Europeans arrived. The name is believed to be a combination of two Choctaw words roughly meaning vegetation (alba) and gatherer (amo), which were applied to the Alabama, or Alibamon, people. The first Europeans to reach Alabama were Spanish explorers looking for gold. Alonso Alvarez de Piñeda and Pánfilo de Narváez explored the coast early in the 16th century, and in 1539, Hernando de Soto led the first expedition into the interior. He sought gold. After winning some battles (and losing others) and being racked with diseases, famine and injury, de Soto headed home empty-handed. De Soto died near the Mississippi River, and only a small number of his force of several hundred survived to return in 1543 to their starting point in Mexico. In 1559, Don Tristán de Luna with 500 soldiers and 1,000 Spanish colonists from Mexico, arrived in Mobile Bay to start a settlement. However, they abandoned the colony and returned to Mexico. The local population adopted the Spanish made no further effort to settle the area, but their horses, hogs, and cattle, and their diseases continued to decimate the Native Americans.The Native Americans had no immunity to the new diseases brought by the Europeans, and their societies were drastically changed. Thousands of people became ill and died. Many towns and villages were abandoned. The survivors merged into larger groups, so that by the 18th century few of the peoples that de Soto met were still organized under the same names. Most of the native Alabamians became members of four major Native American nations: the Cherokee in the north, the Chickasaw in the northwest, the Choctaw in the southwest, and the Creek Confederacy in the center and southeast.

The first successful European colonizers in Alabama were the French. In 1682 they claimed the huge land (that they called Louisiane), which extended from the Gulf Coast to Canada and included Alabama. The first French settlements were fortified trading posts—the first in Alabama was Fort Louis de la Louisiane, commonly called La Mobile, built in 1702 by Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville, on the Mobile River. This fort was the seat of French government for Louisiana until 1711, when Bienville moved the colony downriver to the site of present-day Mobile. Called Fort Condé, this settlement was the capital until 1719, when the seat of government was moved into present-day Mississippi. Many colonists arrived from France and Canada. Black slaves were introduced to clear the fields after 1719. French traders moved inland, building Fort Toulouse (1717) and Fort de Tombecbé (1736). Traders from Great Britain, who were rivals of the French and disputed the boundary of Louisiana, arrived in Alabama from South Carolina and later from their new colony, Georgia. French influence waned as the Native Americans learned that British traders offered better products than the French and demanded fewer deerskins in exchange.

Great Britain and France fought a series of wars in the 18th century that climaxed with the French and Indian War (1754-1763). Great Britain was the decisive winner and concluded a peace treaty that removed the French from the North American continent. Mobile was incorporated into West Florida, a colony that Spain ceded to Great Britain in 1763. All of Alabama north of West Florida became part of the Lands Reserved for the Indians, administered by a British superintendent for Native American affairs. White settlement in this reservation without the permission of the Native Americans

147

THE HUBLER HISTORY

was forbidden by the king’s order. British colonists who lived on the frontier resented the ban on settlement. They felt this was an arbitrary infringement on the original colonial grants, most of which had vague or unlimited western boundaries.

During the American Revolution (1775-1783), the Cherokee and Creek supported the British against the Americans. The Spanish, who supported the Americans, captured Mobile in 1780 over British and Native American resistance. At the end of the Revolution, West Florida was returned to Spain and interior Alabama was turned over to the United States. Georgia claimed most of Alabama as part of its original grant. Settlers from Georgia encroached on the lands of the Native Americans.

For several years, the United States and Spain disputed the southern boundary of the United States. Finally, in 1795, the two countries agreed on a boundary that still forms most of the border between Alabama and Florida.

Three years later in 1798, the Congress of the United States created Mississippi Territory, comprising most of present-day Mississippi and Alabama. In 1800, nearly all of Alabama was still controlled by Native Americans, but that soon changed. After the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, the United States federal government built the Federal Road to connect the new territory with the national capital at Washington, D.C., and for the first time, access from the east was relatively easy. Settlers came to Alabama by the thousands, which further crowded the Native Americans.

By 1817, so many white settlers had migrated into the eastern (Alabama) part of Mississippi Territory that they seemed likely to get political control of the whole territory. Citizens living along the Mississippi River, who had dominated the territorial government until then, were eager to separate from the Alabama portion. Thus, when Mississippi became a state in 1817, Alabama became a separate territory with its capital at Saint Stephens. On December 14, 1819, it was admitted to the federal Union as the 22nd state.

An influx of settlers from Tennessee, South Carolina and North Carolina filled Alabama during the first years of statehood. The population more than doubled (from 127,901 in 1820 to 309,527 in 1830). Small subsistence farms and large cotton plantations were established as caravans of slaves, mules and household goods clogged the roads and trails into the state. Cotton production became paramount. Driven by the cotton boom, planters bought land and slaves and sold their crops to transporters who shipped them to Mobile or New Orleans. To grow cotton, Alabama adopted the plantation system, organized around slave labor that had been developed in Virginia. Thus, the slave population of the state grew greatly from 1830 to 1860. A lifestyle based on cotton wealth developed, and an elite group of wealthy planters dominated Alabama society.

However, slave owners were a small minority (only 6.4 percent of the white population in 1860) and did not control the votes of the common people. The mostly non-slave owning small farmers dominated statewide elections. Slavery was one of the most divisive political issues in the U.S. Congress during the first half of the 19th century. Many senators and congressmen from the Northern states pressed to end slavery, both because it was considered immoral and because white labor could not compete with unpaid black labor. Members of Congress from the Southern states, including Alabama, believed that slavery was essential to their agricultural system and that the North was trying to dominate the national economy. Sectional tension rose to a furor. In the 1850s many Alabamians came to believe that secession was the only way to protect what they believed were Southern rights, including the right to own slaves, and Alabama became the fourth state to vote for secession on January 11, 1861, and about a month later, it was a charter member of the Confederate States of America.

Most Alabamians supported the Confederacy in the American Civil War (1861-1865) that followed. Union forces invaded several times and occupied parts of north Alabama, and Union cavalry raids swept through the state late in the war and caused devastation. The Confederacy surrendered in 1865, and Union troops were stationed in the Southern states. A new voter registration excluded many former Confederates and Northerners and pro-Union Southerners (carpetbaggers and scalawags), joined with blacks to form the state Republican Party and take control of the government. The new government adopted a new state constitution, and Alabama was readmitted to the Union in 1868. However, many whites opposed military occupation and rule by carpetbaggers and scalawags based on black votes. The Ku Klux Klan and similar violent groups were organized to intimidate blacks and

148

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Republicans. Because of the violence, which drove both black and white Republicans from the polls, but also because of the high taxes imposed by the ambitious Reconstruction government, the Democrats regained control of state government in 1874. This ended Reconstruction in Alabama.

With slavery abolished, blacks and whites had to adjust to wage labor. Landless, most blacks and many poor whites had to work for large landowners, who had little cash to pay them. Under these conditions, a system of sharecropping and tenant farming evolved. A sharecropper raised part of the landlord’s crop and was paid a share of the profit after deductions for living expenses and the cost of tools and supplies. A tenant farmer sold what he raised and paid rent to the landlord out of the profit. The sharecropper or tenant took what was left or, if any, and borrowed to keep going for another year. Thus, the tenant farmers and sharecroppers fell into an endless cycle of debt. When widespread mechanization of cotton production made sharecropping and tenant farming unprofitable for the landlords in the early 20th century, the system begin to disappear.

By 1900, iron and steel were the most important industries in the state. United States Steel Corporation moved into the Birmingham district in 1907. Alabama’s economic base continued to diversify after World War II. Through the 1970s, the rural population and the number of farms decreased as people moved to urban areas. The remaining farms were mostly large agribusinesses. In the 1990s, Alabama’s economy was sluggish despite investments by manufacturing firms to modernize facilities and equipment. At the end of the century Alabama faces many of the problems that plague other areas, including widespread poverty, rising crime rates, and unemployment.

Alabama is also known as the “Heart of Dixie” and the “Yellowhammer State.” Both nicknames date from the American Civil War (1861-1865)—the first from its physical and psychological position in the Confederate States of America and the latter from a company of Alabama soldiers who decked their uniforms with yellow trimmings that resembled the wing patches of the yellowhammer. According to the 1990 national census, Alabama had a population of 4,040,587 (22nd among the states). Whites are 73.6 percent of the people; and blacks 25.2 percent.

Birmingham, Jefferson County, Alabama and Gadsden, Etowah County, Alabama1772,1773

Birmingham is the county seat of Jefferson County. Jefferson County was created by the Alabama legislature on Dec. 13, 1819. It was named in honor of Thomas Jefferson. The county is located in the north-central portion of the state, on the southern extension of the Appalachians, in the center of the iron, coal and limestone belt of the South. Birmingham was named for England's iron and steel center in Warwickshire.1774

Gadsden, AL is the county seat of Etowah. Etowah County was created by the Alabama legislature on Dec. 7, 1866, and was originally named Baine County in honor of Gen. David W. Baine, a Confederate soldier from Lowndes County. The county was abolished on Dec. 1, 1868 by the Constitutional Convention and re-established on the same day, under the name of Etowah, which is from the Cherokee language. Etowah County is located in the northeastern section of the state, in the southern Appalachians. Marshall, DeKalb, Cherokee, Calhoun, St. Clair and Blount Counties border it. Sand Mountain and Lookout Mountain are located in Etowah County. Gadsden, the county seat of Etowah County, is named after Col. James Gadsden, distinguished soldier, diplomat and railroad president. It was settled in 1840 and was incorporated in 1871. Gadsden is one of Alabama’s major industrial centers—begun with the building of one of the world’s first hydroelectric projects in 1906.

1772 Owen, Thomas McAdory. History of Alabama and Dictionary of Alabama Biography. Chicago: S.J. Clarke Publishing Co, 1921 (obtained from the Interet on June 6, 1997—

http://www.asc.edu/archives/counties/etowah.html).1773 Encarta Encyclopedia.1774 Obtained from the Internet on June 6, 1997 (http://www.asc.edu/archives/counties/jefferso.html).

149

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Lloyd Lincoln HUBLER (1886-1972)

Lloyd Lincoln HUBLER (Feb. 12, 1886 Youngstown, OH-July 9, 1972 Gadsden, AL)Edith WEBER (Jan. 10, 1883 Jackson, MI-Feb. 28, 1951 Jackson, MI) (m 1913 Cleveland, OH)

Winthrope R. HUBLER, Sr. (July 31, 1916 Youngstown, OH-Oct. 20, 1993 Corpus Christi, TX) (m Marie Seale)

Mabel Orr Taylor (Aug. 1, 1906 Macon, GA1775-Feb. 7, 1991 Corpus Christi, TX) (m July 12, 1960 Centre, AL)1776 (2nd wife; no children)

The birth date of Lloyd Lincoln HUBLER (1886-1972) is unclear. He was born on Feb.12, but the year is debated. Family tradition, the vital statistics recorded in the family Bible, the Mormon Church,1777 a pension application signed by his father1778 and other family historians1779 1775 Brth Certicate, delayed, notarized.1776 AL newspaper announcement.553 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.554 E-mail from Justin Houser in May 1999 citing the Philadelphia Inquirer Thurs. Feb. 9, 1865 and History of the illegel arrests and imprisonment of American citizens during the late Civil War by John Marshall.555 1850 Census scanned on genealogylibrary.com (FTW).556 GED from Shirley Landry.557 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.558 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.559 Commerative Biographical Record of Central Pennsylvania. 1898.560 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.561 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.562 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.563 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.564 Intenet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/2300/susannah.html).565 E-mail from Melanie Holtz (holtzm@prodigy.com) (her line) on Nov. 21, 1997.566 E-mail from Justin Houser in May 1999 citing the Philadelphia Inquirer Thurs. Feb. 9, 1865 and History of the illegel arrests and imprisonment of American citizens during the late Civil War by John Marshall.567 1850 Census scanned on genealogylibrary.com (FTW).568 GED from Shirley Landry.569 GED from Shirley Landry.570 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.571 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.572 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.573 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.574 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.575 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.576 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.577 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.578 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.579 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.580 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.581 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.582 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.583 Many letters with Jean Carr in 1990-01, but she died ,and her daughter has not responded to several letters in 1997.584 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.585 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.

150

THE HUBLER HISTORY

record his birthday as Feb. 12, 1886. The 1900 Federal Census, which was taken on June 1, lists the birth date of Lloyd HUBLER as Feb. 1886 (age 14).1780 The 1910 federal census (taken in April) listed Lloyd HUBLER as age 23, making his birth year 1887. However, under Social Security number 209-05-7119, Lloyd HUBLER is listed with a birth date of Feb. 12, 1885 in Youngstown, OH and a death date of July 1972 in Alabama.1781, 1782 [The SS Act was passed by Congress and signed by F. D. Roosevelt in 1935, but the attempt to register the millions of citizens began in Nov. 1936 with the distribution of application forms, and SS cards began being issued on Jan. 1, 1937. The US Postal Service was contracted to collect the data, verify the information and issue identification cards. The SS numbers were sent to Baltimore for registration. 35 million numbers were issued in 1936-37.1783 Usually, Social Security data is very accurate since the individual (by signing the application) swears to the authenticity of the data submitted (which has many financial ramifications). So, I ordered a photocopy of his original Social Security 586 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.587 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.588 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.589 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.590 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.591 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.592 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.593 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.594 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.595 E-mail from Melanie Holtz (holtzm@prodigy.com) (her line) on Nov. 21, 1997.596 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.597 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.598 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.599 Internet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/2300/).600 GED from Shirley Landry.601 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.833Brochure entitled, "Clearfield County Pennsylvania"; obtained from the county in 1991.834Aldrich, Lewis Cass. History of Clearfield County Pennsylvania. 1887. Microfilm copy obtained from CC Library interlibrary loan system.835Aldrich, Lewis Cass. History of Clearfield County Pennsylvania. 1887. Microfilm copy obtained from CC Library interlibrary loan system.836Aldrich, Lewis Cass. History of Clearfield County Pennsylvania. 1887. Microfilm copy obtained from CC Library interlibrary loan system.837Letter from Jean HUBLER Carr, Morrisdale, PA.838Letter from Jean HUBLER Carr, Morrisdale, PA.839 History of Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, edited by Lewis Cass Aldrich, Syracuse, NY: D. Mason & Co, Publishers, 1887, pp 542-546. Transcribed in May 1999 by Myrna Livingston Hewitt for the Clearfield County Aldrich Project and published in 1999 by the Clearfield County Pennsylvania Genealogy Project.840 Harzell, Gloria C. Genealogical History of John Francis Huber from Bucks County, PA.841Court records from Union and Northumberland Co, obtained in 1991.842Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated July 21, 1990.843IGI Mormon Church.844Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated July 21, 1990.845Estate administration of Nicholas PAUL in Centre Co, PA in 1825, sent by Betty Brungard, dated July 15, 1991.846 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.847 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton County 1733-1800. 1992. In CC Library.848IGI Mormon Church.

151

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Application on which he wrote [it appears to be his handwriting—his signature was scripted “LL Hubler,” while the data was capitalized (and block-printed)]. His birth date was Feb. 12, 1885, which also corresponded to his written age (51) at the time of his application (Nov. 1937). His funeral certification papers and headstone (taken from information supplied by his second wife, Mabel Taylor) states that his birth date was Feb. 12, 1885, and that he was 87. When he was hospitalized in 1944 (see below), his recorded age was 58, which would make his birth year 1886. Further confusing the issue is the age of “33” on his official, notarized marriage application in 1913 in Cuyahoga Co (Cleveland), Ohio, which would make his birth year 1880, and in Oct. 1965 his Texas hunting license listed his age as “78,” which would mean that his birth year was 1887. [His son (my father), W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993), wanted to be forever young and purposely tried to hide his age by misstating his birth date by several years whenever possible, but that did not seem to be a motivating factor in the confusing data with L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) since a birth year 849 Dryland Reformed and Lutheran Church, Nazareth, Northampton Co850 Dryland Church Records sent by Joanne Chubb (baseball@blast.net) on May 4, 1999.851 DAR Linage Book, Vol. LXXXII, 1910 (Mrs. Alice Paul).852 E-mail from Garry Hamor on Aug. 20, 2000.853 E-mail from Nancy Clark nclark@southwind.net in Aug. 2000.854 Email from Steve Shack on Sept. 4, 1997.855 E-mail from Nancy Clark nclark@southwind.net in Aug. 2000.856 DAR Linage Book, Vol. LXXXII, 1910 (Mrs. Alice Paul).857 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton County 1733-1800. 1992. In CC Library.858Estate administration of Nicholas PAUL in Centre Co, PA in 1825, sent by Betty Brungard, dated July 15, 1991.859 Dryland Church Records sent by Joanne Chubb (baseball@blast.net) on May 4, 1999.860 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton County 1733-1800. 1992. In CC Library.861IGI Mormon Church.862Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated July 21, 1990.863 Dryland Church Records sent by Joanne Chubb (baseball@blast.net) on May 4, 1999.864Estate administration of Nicholas PAUL in Centre Co, PA in 1825, sent by Betty Brungard, dated July 15, 1991.865 A family tree from David and Linda Hoffman, Ducanville, TX sent by Gerry Hamor, Camarilla, CA in July 1997.866 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.867 A family tree from David and Linda Hoffman, Ducanville, TX sent by Gerry Hamor, Camarilla, CA in July 1997.868Estate administration of Nicholas PAUL in Centre Co, PA in 1825, sent by Betty Brungard, dated July 15, 1991.869 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton County 1733-1800. 1992. In CC Library.870 Information obtained from the Moravian Church on the Internet (http://www.moravian.org) on July 22, 1997.871 A family tree from David and Linda Hoffman, Ducanville, TX sent by Gerry Hamor, Camarilla, CA in July 1997.872IGI Mormon Church.873 Dryland Church Records sent by Joanne Chubb (baseball@blast.net) on May 4, 1999.874Estate administration of Nicholas PAUL in Centre Co, PA in 1825, sent by Betty Brungard, dated July 15, 1991.875 Deeds of Record, Northumberland Co copies sent by Betty Brungard n July 19, 1991.876 Data from Gerry Hamor on the Internet on July 6, 1997; this is his family line.877 A family tree from David and Linda Hoffman, Ducanville, TX sent by Gerry Hamor, Camarilla, CA in July 1997.878 Deeds of Record, Northumberland Co copies sent by Betty Brungard n July 19, 1991.

152

THE HUBLER HISTORY

of 1885 would have made him older.] A birth certificate should resolve the question, and I ordered it, but the county clerk of Mahoning Co has no record of his birth there,1784 even though all my sources state that Youngstown, Ohio was his birth site! Finally, after repeated tries, an official birth record in probate court of Mahoning County (Vol.4, Pg. 29) for Lloyd HUBLER (1886-1972) was found in Youngstown. It was misfiled under the name “Roy,” but it was an obvious mistake since the parents were “Alford [Alfred] HUBLER and Kate Straley.” 1785 The birth year was 1886. [The names of at least three of his siblings (Adda=Ada, Clymy=Amy and Gelivin=Edwin) were also misspelled on the Mahoning County Probate Court Birth Records. With all the misspelling of the names of the principals, the accuracy of the birth year on the record is suspect; however, I would expect the year to have been valid, especially since the numerical data is corroborated by the family Bible on all of his siblings.] Thus, the preponderance of evidence points to the birth date of

879 Deeds of Record, Northumberland Co copies sent by Betty Brungard n July 19, 1991.880 Deeds of Record, Northumberland Co copies sent by Betty Brungard n July 19, 1991.881 Deeds of Record, Northumberland Co copies sent by Betty Brungard n July 19, 1991.882 Deeds of Record, Northumberland Co copies sent by Betty Brungard n July 19, 1991.883 Deeds of Record, Northumberland Co copies sent by Betty Brungard n July 19, 1991.884Estate administration of Nicholas PAUL in Centre Co, PA in 1825, sent by Betty Brungard, dated July 15, 1991.885 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton County 1733-1800. 1992. In CC Library.886IGI Mormon Church.887 Dryland Church Records sent by Joanne Chubb (baseball@blast.net) on May 4, 1999.888 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton County 1733-1800. 1992. In CC Library.889 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.890 A family tree from David and Linda Hoffman, Ducanville, TX sent by Gerry Hamor, Camarilla, CA in July 1997.891IGI Mormon Church.892 Dryland Church Records sent by Joanne Chubb (baseball@blast.net) on May 4, 1999.893 Data from Gerry Hamor (a relative of John PAUL) on the Internet (ghamor@mail.vcnet.com) on June 25, 1997.894 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.895 A family tree from David and Linda Hoffman, Ducanville, TX sent by Gerry Hamor, Camarilla, CA in July 1997.896 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).897 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).898 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).899 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).900 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).901 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).902 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).903 A family tree from David and Linda Hoffman, Ducanville, TX sent by Gerry Hamor, Camarilla, CA in July 1997.904 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.905Estate administration of Nicholas PAUL in Centre Co, PA in 1825, sent by Betty Brungard, dated July 15, 1991.906 A family tree from David and Linda Hoffman, Ducanville, TX sent by Gerry Hamor, Camarilla, CA in July 1997.907 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.

153

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Lloyd HUBLER (1886-1972) as Feb. 12, 1886. It is possible that L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) forgot (and thus misstated) his birth year. In this book, I have recorded the year as 1886.

He was the last child and third son of A. W. HUBLER (1842-1921). The source of the middle name of L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) is as unsettled as his birth date. The grandson of L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972)1786 recalls that he said that since his birthday was the same as that of Abraham Lincoln, he adopted the middle name of “Lincoln.” But also, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) could have been named after Abraham Lincoln who had visited Youngstown and who was President of the United States when Lloyd’s father served in the Union forces in the Civil War, or after Richard Todd Lincoln, the son of Abraham Lincoln, who was a good friend of a man named Logan who was a prominent Youngstown businessman and who was in the news and on everyone’s lips in Youngstown in 1886 as Logan’s wedding was in preparation. (Logan's father was nominated Vice President for the Republican Party in 1886.).1787 The birth record of L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) is mired in uncertainty since his name was mistakenly recorded as “Roy” and his 908 A family tree from David and Linda Hoffman, Ducanville, TX sent by Gerry Hamor, Camarilla, CA in July 1997.909Estate administration of Nicholas PAUL in Centre Co, PA in 1825, sent by Betty Brungard, dated July 15, 1991.910 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.911 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.912 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).913 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.914 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.915 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).916 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).917 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).918 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).919 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).920 A family tree from David and Linda Hoffman, Ducanville, TX sent by Gerry Hamor, Camarilla, CA in July 1997.921 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.922Estate administration of Nicholas PAUL in Centre Co, PA in 1825, sent by Betty Brungard, dated July 15, 1991.923 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.924 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Nov. 6, 1997 citing DAR application by Miriam Storms Giles in 1958, # 459591.925 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Nov. 6, 1997 citing DAR application by Miriam Storms Giles in 1958, # 459591.926 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.927 E-mail from Martha (cemhbreene@mail.usachoice.net) on Nov. 2, 1997.928 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.929 Data sent by Betty Brungard in 1991.930 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.931 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Nov. 6, 1997 (her family).

154

THE HUBLER HISTORY

father was recorded as “Alford.” No middle name was registered, but there was no space designated for a middle name. If he adopted the middle name “Lincoln,” it must have been early since his marriage record in 1913 records his name as “Lloyd L. HUBLER.” [The other children of A.W. HUBLER (1842-1921) all had first and middle given names, and the birth record in HUBLER family Bible (which might have been recorded in close timeframe to the event) include “Lincoln” as his middle name.] Lincoln is also the name of a busy street in Youngstown (just as was “Wick,” his father’s middle name). It could be that his tale to his grandson was an inside joke and that his parents gave him the name to commemorate Lincoln’s birthday or simply as a way to remember his own birthday.

Lloyd Lincoln HUBLER (1886-1972) grew up in a brood of twelve children, attended public school in his hometown and lived in the large home on Rayden Avenue that housed the A.W. HUBLER family. His large family was financially comfortable, but not wealthy. As the 932 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.933 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.934 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.935 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.936 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.937 A family tree from David and Linda Hoffman, Ducanville, TX sent by Gerry Hamor, Camarilla, CA in July 1997.938 DAR application by Betty Brungard, verified on May 30, 1980.939IGI Mormon Church.940 Letter from Charles Sandwick dated Oct. 9, 1990.941 Dryland Church Records sent by Joanne Chubb (baseball@blast.net) on May 4, 1999.942 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton County 1733-1800. 1992. In CC Library.943 E-mail from Garry Haegy (gheagy@sgci.com) on Nov 29, 2001.944 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton County 1733-1800. 1992. In CC Library.945 Dryland Church Records sent by Joanne Chubb (baseball@blast.net) on May 4, 1999.946Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Sept. 10, 1990; cited was the PA Archives, Series 5, VoL. 8, p 369.947PA Archives. 948PA Series , VoL. 6.949PA Archives , Series 5, XIX, 204, 364.9501790 PA Census.951 “Foreigners Who Took the Oath of Allegiance to the Province and State of Pennsylvania” on the Ancestry home page on March 26, 1998.952Hartzell, Gloria Genealogical History of John Huber from Berks Co, Pennsylvania and His Descendants.953Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Sept. 10, 1990.954Letter and 1858 map from Betty Brungard, Northumberland, PA, dated July 9, 1990.955Letter from Betty Brungard, dated 1990.956Letter from Betty Brunguard with 1858 map of Point Twp., dated July 9, 1990.957 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Lehigh County 1734-1800. 1992. In CC Library.958 E-mail from Gerry Hamor (ghamor@vcnet.com) dated Jan. 6, 1997 and cited Betty Brungard who looked at the headstones at wrote to him in the ‘80s.959 E-mail from Gerry Hamor (ghamor@vcnet.com) dated Jan. 6, 1997 and cited Betty Brungard who looked at the headstones at wrote to him in the ‘80s.960Letter from Betty Brunguard with 1858 map of Point Twp., dated July 9, 1990.

155

THE HUBLER HISTORY

"baby" of the family, L. L. HUBLER (1886-1972) enjoyed the security of many older siblings and remained close to them throughout his life. He was called “Lloyd” by his family, signed his name in 1913 (on his marriage application) “Lloyd L. Hubler” and as an adult usually signed his name “L.L. Hubler.” He never used his middle name, “Lincoln.”

L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) attended Ohio Northern University in Ada, Ohio in the engineering department. His older brother Ed [Edwin HUBLER (1873-1960)] who owned a small cement plant paid his college expenses. He was an engineering major in 1911 in the college, which at that time was named Ohio Normal University (and is now known as Ohio Northern University). L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) was a member of Lambda Tau Delta fraternity and probably lived in the large fraternity house (which is now gone).1788 Ada is a small town in Hardin County in northwestern Ohio that is now the home of the Wilson Sporting Goods Company that manufactures almost all the sporting equipment for America’s professional sports teams. The 1910 Federal Census that was taken on April 28, 1910 lists him as a student,1789 and he probably enrolled in 961Court records from Union and Northumberland Co, obtained in 1991.962Court records from Union and Northumberland Co, obtained in 1991.963Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Sept. 10, 1990.964IGI, Mormon Church in CC.965Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated July 21, 1990.966 Dryland Church Records sent by Joanne Chubb (baseball@blast.net) on May 4, 1999.967Letter from Charles Sandwick, file # 4200, dated Sept. 10, 1990.968 Dryland Church Records sent by Joanne Chubb (baseball@blast.net) on May 4, 1999.969 Email from Garry Haegy (gheagy@sgci.com) on Nov. 27, 2001.970 Email from Garry Haegy (gheagy@sgci.com) on Nov. 27, 2001.971 E-mail from Susan Canney (canney@msn.com) on Feb. 2, 1998 citing 1772 Tax records and will book.972PA Archives, Series 3, XIX, p 156.973 Email from Garry Haegy (gheagy@sgci.com) on Nov. 27, 2001.974PA Archives, Series 3, p 20.975 E-mail from Susan Canney (canney@msn.com) on Feb. 2, 1998 citing 1772 Tax records and will book.976 Email from Garry Haegy (gheagy@sgci.com) on Nov. 26, 2001.977Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Sept. 10, 1990.978Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Sept. 10, 1990; cited was the PA Archives, Series 5, VoL. 8, p 369.979Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Sept. 10, 1990; cited was the PA Archives, Series 5, VoL. 8, p 369.980Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Sept. 10, 1990.981Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Sept. 10, 1990; cited was the PA Archives, Series 5, VoL. 8, p 369.982 Email from Garry Haegy (gheagy@sgci.com) on Nov. 26, 2001.983Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Sept. 10, 1990; cited was the PA Archives, Series 5, VoL. 8, p 369.984Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Sept. 10, 1990; cited was the PA Archives, Series 5, VoL. 8, p 369.985 FHL microfilm #388563.986 Ancestry.com, The Registers of Tohicken Church, 1744-1801.987Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Oct. 9, 1990.988 Dryland Church Records sent by Joanne Chubb (baseball@blast.net) on May 4, 1999.989 E-mail from Larry Hitch (HitchLH@aol.com) on Nov. 22, 1997.991The Handy Book for Genealogists , 8th Edition, 1991. In personal library.992Aley, Howard C. A Heritage to Share. The Bicentennial History of Youngstown and Mahoning County, Ohio. 1975. Obtained through CC Interlibrary Loan System, Oct., 1993.

156

THE HUBLER HISTORY

college after graduating from high school (probably about 1907), took a four or five year curriculum and graduated from the university (probably about 1912). [I have contacted Ohio Northern University requesting information, but I was told that the only extant data was a picture in the 1911 college yearbook taken in front of his fraternity.]

L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) married Edith (Edythe) F. WEBER (1883-1951) in Cleveland, Cuyahoga Co, Ohio on Nov. 4, 1913 (Vol. 86, page 296).1790 I do not know why he was in Cleveland. (He was 27 and probably had graduated from college one or two years earlier, and she was 23.) It might be illuminating to see if he ws listed in the Cleveland diectory in 1912-11916. According to a notarized copy of their marriage application (Cuyahoga Co; # 90078), his occupation was “engineer,” and hers was “none;” and his residence in Cleveland was 1202 E. 100th St., while his bride resided at 1252 E. 100th St.;1791 so he either met a neighborhood girl, or they were living in Cleveland as “neighbors.” However, his age was recorded as 33 (so he would have 993Aley, Howard C. A Heritage to Share. The Bicentennial History of Youngstown and Mahoning County, Ohio. 1975. Obtained through CC Interlibrary Loan System, Oct., 1993.994The Handy Book for Genealogists , 8th Edition, 1991. In personal library.995Aley, Howard C. A Heritage to Share. The Bicentennial History of Youngstown and Mahoning County, Ohio. 1975. Obtained through CC Interlibrary Loan System, Oct., 1993.1017 E-mail from Sue Collins on Jan. 5, 2000.1018 E-mail from Sue Collins on Jan. 5, 2000.1019 1900 census.1020 1900 census.1021 1900 census.1022 1900 census.1023 1900 census.1024 1900 census.1025 1900 census.1026 E-mail from Sue Collins (BCOLL3038@aol.com) on Oct. 13, 1999.1027 E-mail from Sue Collins on Jan. 5, 2000.1028 E-mail from Sue Collins (BCOLL3038@aol.com) on Oct. 13, 1999.1029 E-mail from Sue Collins on Jan. 5, 2000.1030 E-mail from Sue Collins (BCOLL3038@aol.com) on Oct. 13, 1999.1031 E-mail from Sue Collins on Jan. 5, 2000.1032Deeds from Mahoning Co, Ohio. Research done by Mrs. Robert (Jacelyn) Wilms, professional genealogist, Canfield, Ohio.1033 E-mail from Sue Collins on Jan. 5, 2000.1034 E-mail from Sue Collins on Jan. 5, 2000.1035 E-mail from Sue Collins (BCOLL3038@aol.com) on Oct. 13, 1999.1036 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1037 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.13, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1038 Letter written by M.P. HUBLER, the son of James N. HUBLER, in 1934 to Peter P. HUBLER in Gore, OK; copy mailed to me by Howard HUBLER of Gore, the son of Peter.1039 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1040 List found in safety deposit box of WR HUBLER, Sr. after his death, in 1994.1041 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1295 E-mail from Gerry Hamor (ghamor@vcnet.com) eentitled “Ponderings” on March 21, 1998.1296 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1297Estate of Sara GUEST NEWBERRY, Northumberland, 1857.1298 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).

157

THE HUBLER HISTORY

been born in 1880), and her age was 25 (so she would have been born in 1888). [Both birth dates differ from those accepted—could it have been a miscalculation on their part in the heat of the moment or a mistake on the recorder’ part? The document is very legible.]

After marrying Edith WEBER (1883-1951), L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) began work in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in a steel company as a civil engineer. His only child, W. R. HUBLER (1916-1993), was born in 1916 in Youngstown, OH, the product of a difficult pregnancy and delivery. His wife, Edith WEBER (1883-1951), had rheumatic heart disease and was told by her doctors never to get pregnant again. The physical strain was intensified by her controlling, dominant nature—far from his laid back, easy-going personality. Their lives together became "in name only"; and separations were frequent while their son, W. R. HUBLER (1916-1993), grew up; and finally, the split became permanent when he graduated from high school and began to attend college.1299 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Nov. 6, 1997.1300 E-mail from Kathie Mirabella (KathieMir@aol.com) dated Nov. 9, 1997.1301 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1302 E-mail from Kathie Mirabella (KathieMir@aol.com) dated Nov. 9, 1997.1303 Letter and tree of Stephany D. Gormley, 24 N. 12th St., Lewisburg, PA 17837 on May 2, 1991.1304 E-mail fom Bob Leishman (LeishmanR@aol.com) on Nov. 8, 1997 (editor of Newberry News).1305 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.net) on Jan. 11, 1998.1306 E-mail from Kathie Mirabella (KathieMir@aol.com) dated Nov. 9, 1997.1307 E-mail (forward copy by Kathie Mirabella) from Anette Carroll on Oct. 17, 1997 (her family).1308 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Nov. 6, 1997 citing the settlement of Sarah Guess NEWBERRY’s estate.1309 E-mail from Kathie Mirabella (KathieMir@aol.com) dated Nov. 9, 1997.1310 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Nov. 6, 1997 citing the settlement of Sarah Guess NEWBERRY’s estate.1311 Internet page by Gerry Hamor listing details of 3 generations (http://www.vnet.com/ghamor/trigen01.htm). 1312 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1313 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Nov. 6, 1997 citing the settlement of Sarah Guess NEWBERRY’s estate.1314 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Nov. 6, 1997 citing the settlement of Sarah Guess NEWBERRY’s estate.1315 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Nov. 6, 1997 citing the settlement of Sarah Guess NEWBERRY’s estate.1316 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1317 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Nov. 6, 1997 citing the settlement of Sarah Guess NEWBERRY’s estate.1318 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Nov. 6, 1997 citing the settlement of Sarah Guess NEWBERRY’s estate.1319 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1320 E-mail from Kathie Mirabella (KathieMir@aol.com) dated Nov. 9, 1997.1321Letter from Betty Brungard, Northumberland, PA; dated March 12, 1990.1322 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1323 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1324 From Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) on Jan. 15, 1998 citing Orphan Court of Sunbury filed on Albin Newberry.1325 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1627 Mahoning County Court Birth Record.1628 Mahoning County Court Birth Record.

158

THE HUBLER HISTORY

L. L. HUBLER (1886-1972) was not listed in the 1920 Federal Census in Birmingham, Alabama, Ensley, Alabama or in Youngstown, Ohio, so his family might have resided in Pennsylvania. In about 1922 when W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was about 6 years old, L. L. HUBLER (1886-1972) moved to Ensley, a suburb of Birmingham, Alabama and worked in a steel plant.1792 L. L. HUBLER (1886-1972) was in Ensley in 1928, and Edith was with him.1793 He was in Birmingham, Alabama when W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) graduated from high school in 1934, but Edith WEBER (1883-1951) was in Jackson, Michigan. Often Edith WEBER (1883-1951) went to her family home in Jackson, Michigan where she lived with her sister, Tina WEBER Larkey; and her son, W. R. HUBLER (1916-1993), attended elementary schools in Jackson at times.

The Depression affected the steel business especially hard, and many workers and companies were left without work. Raymond A. Burkhard knew L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) in Birmingham in 1931. (Burkhart's father was also a steel engineer; and so they shared in the economic woes of the times. His family moved to Selma, Alabama and eventually ended up 1629Letter from Mary Lou Wren, dated June 13, 1991.1630 Email from Darcy Wren Gauriloff [DWG4323@aol.com] on Sept. 11, 2001.1631Letter from Mary Lou Wren, dated June 13, 1991.1632Letter from Mary Lou Wren, dated June 13, 1991.1633 Email from Darcy Wren Gauriloff [DWG4323@aol.com] on Sept. 7, 2001.1634Letter from Mary Lou Wren, dated June 13, 1991.1635 Email from Darcy Wren Gauriloff [DWG4323@aol.com] on Sept. 7, 2001.1636Letter from Mary Lou Wren, dated June 13, 1991.996Aley, Howard C. A Heritage to Share. The Bicentennial History of Youngstown and Mahoning County, Ohio. 1975. Obtained through CC Interlibrary Loan System, Oct., 1993.997Aley, Howard C. A Heritage to Share. The Bicentennial History of Youngstown and Mahoning County, Ohio. 1975. Obtained through CC Interlibrary Loan System, Oct., 1993.998Aley, Howard C. A Heritage to Share. The Bicentennial History of Youngstown and Mahoning County, Ohio. 1975. Obtained through CC Interlibrary Loan System, Oct., 1993.999Aley, Howard C. A Heritage to Share. The Bicentennial History of Youngstown and Mahoning County, Ohio. 1975. Obtained through CC Interlibrary Loan System, Oct., 1993.1042 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com).1043 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1044 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1045 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1046 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999.1047 List found in safety deposit box of WR HUBLER, Sr. after his death, in 1994.1048 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1049 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1050 http://userdb.rootsweb.com/ca/death/search.cgi?surname=hubler&given=&dyear=&dplace=&mlast=&flast=&year=&bplace=&sex=&start=61&stype=Exact.1051 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1052 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1053 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1054 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com).

159

THE HUBLER HISTORY

employed in the steel mills of Pittsburgh). Burkhard was about 10 years old when he knew L. L. HUBLER (1886-1972) in Birmingham and called him "Hubie," as did others then.1794 L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) was living with his son, W. R. HUBLER (1916-1993), (when he was finishing high school) and was separated from his wife Edith WEBER (1883-1951).1795 W. R. HUBLER (1916-1993) graduated from Ensley High School (Birmingham, Alabama) in 1934, began Howard College (Birmingham, Alabama) in the fall term of 1934, transferred to Birmingham Southern in the spring of 1935 and was a full time student there through the spring term of 1937. His address was 2824 16th Place, N. Birmingham, Alabama in 1934 when W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) began college.

Probably L. L. HUBLER (1886-1972) lost his job in 1933 or 1934. It must have looked bleak. However, in March 1935, United Engineering and Foundry in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania gave him a job at $1.25/hour. His son, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993), was in college in Alabama 1055 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1056 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com).1057 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1058 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com).1059 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com).1060 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com).1061 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com).1062 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1063 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1064 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1065 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1066 E-mail from Bob Becker (becker.bob@colteng.com) on Oct. 18, 1999.1067 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1068 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1069 E-mail from Bob Becker (becker.bob@colteng.com) about his family.1070 E-mail from Bob Becker (becker.bob@colteng.com) on Oct. 18, 1999.1071 E-mail from Bob Becker (becker.bob@colteng.com) on Oct. 18, 1999.1072 E-mail from Bob Becker (becker.bob@colteng.com) about his family.1073 E-mail from Bob Becker (becker.bob@colteng.com) on Oct. 18, 1999.1074 E-mail from Bob Becker (becker.bob@colteng.com) on Oct. 18, 1999.1075 E-mail from Bob Becker (becker.bob@colteng.com) about his family.1076 E-mail from Bob Becker (becker.bob@colteng.com) on Oct. 18, 1999.1077 E-mail from Bob Becker (becker.bob@colteng.com) about his family.1078 E-mail from Bob Becker (becker.bob@colteng.com) about his family.1079 E-mail from Bob Becker (becker.bob@colteng.com) on Oct. 18, 1999.1080 E-mail from Bob Becker (becker.bob@colteng.com) on Oct. 18, 1999.1081 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1082 E-mailfrom Robert Gibson on Nov. 17, 1999.1083 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Jan. 14, 2000 citing Wm HUBLER’s will.1084 E-mailfrom Robert Gibson on Nov. 17, 1999.1085 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Jan. 14, 2000 citing Wm HUBLER’s will.1086 Oak Hill Cemetery listing provided in a letter frrom Wm Host, Superintendant, on May 14, 1991.1087 E-mailfrom Robert Gibson on Nov. 17, 1999.1088 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Jan. 14, 2000 citing Wm HUBLER’s will.

160

THE HUBLER HISTORY

and Burkhardt remembers that L.L. HUBLER (1886-1993) moved into the same housing division on Mohangola Avenue in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, as did his family in 1935.1796

Apparently, L. L. HUBLER (1886-1972) worked in several steel mills in Ohio, Pennsylvania and Alabama during the late 1930s and early 1940s. On Nov. 20, 1936 when L. L. HUBLER (1886-1972) first applied for Social Security, he lived at 1928 Mononghela, Swissvale, Pennsylvania and was employed by United Engineering and Foundry of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.1797 In 1937, he still lived at 1928 Monogahela Ave., Swissvale, Pennsylvania.1798 Later, he resided at 2621 St., Ensley, Alabama (1942),1799 18th Court, Ensley, Alabama (1942)1800, 1801 and 6366 Monitor Avenue, the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (1944).1802

When he was laid off in 1945, L. L. HUBLER (1886-1972) left Youngstown to go to Pascagoula, Mississippi for a new job. He stopped in Gadsden, Alabama at the impetus of a friend to visit the head of a steel mill. He was hired on the spot and started that day as a "checker,” an 1089 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1090 1870 census sent by Don Pedicini in Nov. 1999.1091 Oak Hill cemetery plot listing.1092 1870 census sent by Don Pedicini in Nov. 1999.1093 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Jan. 14, 2000 citing Wm HUBLER’s will.1094 E-mail (pictures) from Robert Gibson.1095 E-mailfrom Robert Gibson on Nov. 17, 1999.1096 1870 census sent by Don Pedicini in Nov. 1999.1097 Oak Hill Cemetery listing provided in a letter frrom Wm Host, Superintendant, on May 14, 1991.1098 1870 census sent by Don Pedicini in Nov. 1999.1099 E-mailfrom Robert Gibson on Nov. 22, 1999.1100 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Jan. 14, 2000 citing Wm HUBLER’s will.1101 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1102 E-mailfrom Robert Gibson on Nov. 17, 1999.1103 1870 census sent by Don Pedicini in Nov. 1999.1104 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Jan. 14, 2000 citing Wm HUBLER’s will.1105 Oak Hill cemetery plot listing.1106 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Jan. 14, 2000 citing Wm HUBLER’s will.1107 E-mailfrom Robert Gibson on Nov. 17, 1999.1108 1870 census sent by Don Pedicini in Nov. 1999.1109 Oak Hill cemetery plot listing.1110 1870 census sent by Don Pedicini in Nov. 1999.1111 Oak Hill cemetery plot listing.1112 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Jan. 14, 2000 citing Wm HUBLER’s will.1113 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Jan. 14, 2000 citing Wm HUBLER’s will.1114 E-mailfrom Robert Gibson on Nov. 17, 1999.1115 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1116 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1117 Letter with cemetery listing from William Powers, 2505 Calla Rd., Canfield, OH on April 19, 1991.1118 Dodd, Jordan, Liahona Research, comp. "Ohio Marriages, 1803-1900." [database online] Provo, UT: Ancestry.com, 2000.1119 Letter from Karethyrn Johnson (228 Smithfield St., Struthers, OH 44471-1561) dated July 27, 1997 (she is a Hubler descendent from this line).1120History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. VoL. I, p 475. Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.1121 Letter from Karethyrn Johnson (228 Smithfield St., Struthers, OH 44471-1561) dated July 27, 1997 (she is a Hubler descendent from this line).1122History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. VoL. I, p 475. Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.1123 Death Certificate Index Mahoning Co, OH sent by Don Pedicini on Sept. 10, 1999.

161

THE HUBLER HISTORY

engineer who checked the final plans for design and accuracy, and he would give the final clearance for construction. L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) began employment with Republic Steel in Gadsden, Alabama on Oct. 1, 1945. [Republic Steel Co. has its roots in 1886 when its forbearer, Berger Manufacturing Co, was born in Canton, Ohio. In 1930, the late Cleveland financier, Cyrus S. Eaton, consolidated a group of steel companies, including Interstate Iron and Steel Co, and Central Alloy Steel Corp., to create the Republic Steel Corp. During the 1940s and 1950s (when L.L. HUBLER worked there), Republic Steel played a critical role in supplying steel products for the production of military equipment, as well as, the burgeoning post-war economy. In 1984, the Republic Steel Co. merged, and the result was LTV Steel, the country's second-largest steel maker. But, faced with a sluggish economy, soaring imports and burdensome debt, the company fell into reorganization bankruptcy in July 1986 and eventually became Republic Engineered Steels Inc., owned by its employees, and now as public stock.] Although he was separated [but named Edith 1124 E-mail from Don Pedicini dated Jan. 14, 2000 citing probate sheets of Caroline HUBLER Dixon.1125 E-mail from Don Pedicini dated Jan. 14, 2000 citing probate sheets of Caroline HUBLER Dixon.1126 Certificate from the Belmont Park Cemetery Assoc., Youngstown, OH.1127 Letter from Karethyrn Johnson (228 Smithfield St., Struthers, OH 44471-1561) dated July 27, 1997 (she is a Hubler descendent from this line).1128History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. VoL. I, p 475. Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.1129 Death Certificate Index Mahoning Co, OH sent by Don Pedicini on Sept. 10, 1999.1130 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.alt.net) citing the 1900 and 1910 censuses and more.1131 Letter from Karethyrn Johnson (228 Smithfield St., Struthers, OH 44471-1561) dated July 27, 1997 (she is a Hubler descendent from this line).1132 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.alt.net) citing the 1900 and 1910 censuses and more.1133 Certificate from the Belmont Park Cemetery Assoc., Youngstown, OH.1134 E-mail from Don Pedicini dated Jan. 14, 2000 citing probate sheets of Caroline HUBLER Dixon.1135 Newspaper article about the 1911 golden anniversay celebration.1136 Death Certificate Index Mahoning Co, OH sent by Don Pedicini on Sept. 10, 1999.1137History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. VoL. I, p 475. Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.1138 Death Certificate Index Mahoning Co, OH sent by Don Pedicini on Sept. 10, 1999.1139 Letter from Karethyrn Johnson (228 Smithfield St., Struthers, OH 44471-1561) dated July 27, 1997 (she is a Hubler descendent from this line).1140 Letter from Karethyrn Johnson (228 Smithfield St., Struthers, OH 44471-1561) dated July 27, 1997 (she is a Hubler descendent from this line).1141 Letter from John HUBLER in Elkhard dated Mar. 19, 1991.1142 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.alt.net) citing the 1900 and 1910 censuses and more.1143 Obituary.1144 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1145 Letter from Karethyrn Johnson (228 Smithfield St., Struthers, OH 44471-1561) dated July 27, 1997 (she is a Hubler descendent from this line).1146 Letter from Karethyrn Johnson (228 Smithfield St., Struthers, OH 44471-1561) dated July 27, 1997 (she is a Hubler descendent from this line).1147History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. VoL. I, p 475. Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.1148 Letter with cemetery listing from William Powers, 2505 Calla Rd., Canfield, OH on April 19, 1991.1149 Newspaper article about the 1911 golden anniversay celebration.1150 Kathryn Johnson, 228 Smithfield St., Struthers, OH 44471, letters in 1995.1151History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. VoL. I, p 475. Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.1152 E-mail from Don Pedicini dated Jan. 14, 2000 citing probate sheets of Caroline HUBLER Dixon.1153 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.alt.net) citing the 1900 and 1910 censuses and more.

162

THE HUBLER HISTORY

HUBLER (1883-1951) as the beneficiary of his pension plan],1803 L. L. HUBLER (1886-1972) never divorced Edith WEBER (1883-1951). In 1951, his estranged wife, Edith WEBER (1883-1951), died in Jackson, Michigan.

In 1948, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) lived in Gadsden, Alabama at 501 10th St., and in 1950 at 1020 Walnut St., Gadsden, Alabama.1804, 1805 He then bordered in a home owned by Mabel Taylor (1906-1991) and her mother at 412 Southside, Gadsden, Alabama. In 1957, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) made $9,433 from Republic Steel (his Social Security number was 209-05-7119).1806 He retired soon after and moved to Corpus Christi, Texas to be with his son, W. R. HUBLER (1916-1993) where he lived for about two years. L. L. HUBLER (1886-1972) enjoyed retirement, which gave him time to pursue his favorite avocations—hunting and fishing.

His eyes were blue, and his hair was light brown. L. L. HUBLER (1886-1972) was about 5' 6" and weighed 185 lb. (1942),1807 and 177 pounds (1944),1808 but by 1965, he had slimmed down to 1154 Oak Hill cemetery plot listing.1155 Letter with cemetery listing from William Powers, 2505 Calla Rd., Canfield, OH on April 19, 1991.1156 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1157 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1158 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1159 GED from Shirley Landry.1160 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.att.net) on Oct. 13, 1999.1161 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1162 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.att.net) on Oct. 13, 1999.1163 Dodd, Jordan, Liahona Research, comp. "Ohio Marriages, 1803-1900." [database online] Provo, UT: Ancestry.com, 2000.1164 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.att.net).1165 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.att.net).1166 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.att.net).1167 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.att.net).1168 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.att.net) on Oct. 13, 1999.1169 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.att.net).1170 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.att.net).1171 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.att.net) on Oct. 13, 1999.1172 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.att.net).1173 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.att.net).1174 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.att.net).1175 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1176 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1177 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1178 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1179Deeds from Mahoning Co, Ohio. Research done by Mrs. Robert (Jacelyn) Wilms, professional genealogist, Canfield, Ohio.1180 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1181Deeds from Mahoning Co, Ohio. Research done by Mrs. Robert (Jacelyn) Wilms, professional genealogist, Canfield, Ohio.1182 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1183Deeds from Mahoning Co, Ohio. Research done by Mrs. Robert (Jacelyn) Wilms, professional genealogist, Canfield, Ohio.1184 E-mail from Don Pedicini dated Jan. 14, 2000 citing probate sheets of Caroline HUBLER Dixon.1185PA Archives , Series 6, VoL. 6, p 866. 1803; Records of Egypt Reformed Church, Lehigh Co, PA; in Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.1186 Egypt Reformed Church records on-line (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/3955/lehegypt.htm).1187PA Archives , Series 6, VoL. 6, p 866. 1803; Records of Egypt Reformed Church, Lehigh Co, PA; in Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.

163

THE HUBLER HISTORY

150 pounds.1809 His complexion was light and ruddy. He had thinning hair late in life, and although he was not totally bald, his pate was sparsely populated. In Gadsden, Alabama, he attended the First Baptist Church (Mabel Taylor a was Baptist); in Corpus Christi, he attended the First Methodist Church (W.R. HUBLER was Methodist). He was not especially religious, but Edith HUBLER (1883-1951) was an active and devout Lutheran.

For years before he died, L. L. HUBLER (1886-1972) had a heart irregularity. In October 1944 (he was 58), he had his first minor heart attack and was admitted and treated in a hospital in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania where he lived at the time. According to the records there, he had been suffering chest pains for two years. He did not drink alcohol and had stopped smoking one year earlier. He did not have significant social or physical abnormalities.1810 His blood pressure was normal. Later, he had a pacemaker implanted, which really helped.1811

1188PA Archives , Series 6, VoL. 6, p 866. 1803; Records of Egypt Reformed Church, Lehigh Co, PA; in Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.1189 Egypt Reformed Church records on-line (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/3955/lehegypt.htm).1190 Egypt Reformed Church records on-line (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/3955/lehegypt.htm).1191 Egypt Reformed Church records on-line (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/3955/lehegypt.htm).1192 Egypt Reformed Church records on-line (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/3955/lehegypt.htm).1193 Egypt Reformed Church records on-line (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/3955/lehegypt.htm).1194Letter from Jean Carr, 1991.1195 http://www.gettysburg.edu/~sdreese/norrytwp.html.1196 Bell's History of Northumberland Co PA, Chapters XX - XXVI: Township Histories (ftp://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/pa/northumberland/areahistory/bell0024.txt). 1197Letter from Recorder/Registrar of Centre County, PA, July, 1993.1198 Obituary of Sarah (NEWBERRY) HUBLER.1199History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. VoL. I, p 475. Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.12001850 Federal Census.1201”Mahoning Meadnerings,” March 1994 (a monthly newsletter published by the Mahoning Co Genealogical Society.1202 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1203 E-mail from Don Pediini Oct. 2000.1204 Obituary of Sarah (NEWBERRY) HUBLER.1205 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Feb. 2, 2000 with a scanned copy of the deed.1206 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Feb. 3, 2000.1207 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Feb. 2, 2000 with a scanned copy of the deed.1208Deeds from Mahoning Co, Ohio. Research done by Mrs. Robert (Jacelyn) Wilms, professional genealogist, Canfield, Ohio.1209Deeds from Mahoning Co, Ohio. Research done by Mrs. Robert (Jacelyn) Wilms, professional genealogist, Canfield, Ohio.1210True American Newspaper, Mahoning County Nespaper ObituaryAbstracts, 1843-1870. Ohio Newspaper Abstracts Series.1211History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. VoL. I, p 475. Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.1212Helen Oldacker Shaw recalled stories about her great uncle.1213 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Feb. 17, 2000.1214 E-mail from Don Pediini Oct. 2000.1215Helen Oldacker Shaw recalled stories about her great uncle.1216Letter from Wm. Host, Assistant Superintendent, Oak Hill Cemetery, dated March 7, 1990.1217Letter and photographs of tombstones from John HUBLER, dated July 16, 1990.1218 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.att.net).

164

THE HUBLER HISTORY

In 1972, the failing physical condition of L. L. HUBLER (1886-1972) became beyond the control of his wife, Mabel Taylor (1906-1991), and he entered a nursing home in Gadsden, Alabama. Mabel Taylor (1906-1991) always felt that a nursing home was the end of the line.1812 [Toward the last of his life, he developed memory and logic loss, and even though his wife did not want to send him to a nursing home, she could not care for him. It is probable that L.L HUBLER (1886-1972) was beginning the senile dementia that plagued almost all of his family. I tried to find more about his final health status. All knowledgeable family members were dead, so in November 2001 I telephoned the funeral parlor that handled his mortal remains to find the name of the nursing home. [They said that he died at Maguffie Nursing Home and not at a hospital, as indicated by the newspaper obituary. However, when I called the nursing home, I was told that about a year ago, the home had changed owners and that the new manager had ordered the destruction of all records prior to 1995. There was one employee who had worked there in 1972, but she could not recall L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972).] His departure date is as enigmatic as his arrival day. Various sources 1219 Helen Shaw on April 20, 1988.1220History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. VoL. I, p 475. Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.1221 E-mail from Don Pedicine on Feb. 13, 2000.1222Letter from Wm. Host, Assistant Superintendent, Oak Hill Cemetery, dated March 7, 1990.1223Letter from Wm. Host, Assistant Superintendent, Oak Hill Cemetery, dated March 7, 1990.1224 Obituary of Sarah (NEWBERRY) HUBLER.1225Deeds from Mahoning Co, Ohio. Research done by Mrs. Robert (Jacelyn) Wilms, professional genealogist, Canfield, Ohio.1226 Obituary of Sarah (NEWBERRY) HUBLER.1227Letter and photocopies from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, Indiana, dated Jan. 24, 1990. Also, letter from Sue Collins which gave more photocopies from John HUBLER.1228 E-mail from Doris F. Williams on Oct.4, 1997 with data from Trumbull Co Marriages, Vol 4, 1842-49.1229 GED from Shirley Landry.1230 History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties. PubL. 1882 HZ Williams & Sons, Cleveland.12311850 Federal Census.1232 Nancy Hendrickson, “The Blacksmith” in History Magazine, April/May 2000.1233 Nancy Hendrickson, “The Blacksmith” in History Magazine, April/May 2000.1234 Nancy Hendrickson, “The Blacksmith” in History Magazine, April/May 2000.1235 Nancy Hendrickson, “The Blacksmith” in History Magazine, April/May 2000.1236Telephone conversation with Helen HUBLER Oldacker Shaw on Nov. 14, 1989.1237 Western Migration: Dreams of Gold and a Better Life Drive Mass Movement, Nationl Geographic Society, September 2000.1238Letter written by M.P. HUBLER, the son of James N. HUBLER, in 1934 to Peter P. HUBLER in Gore, OK; copy mailed to me by Howard HUBLER of Gore, the son of Peter.1239 Western Migration: Dreams of Gold and a Better Life Drive Mass Movement, Nationl Geographic Society, September 2000.1240Letter written by M.P. HUBLER, the son of James N. HUBLER, in 1934 to Peter P. HUBLER in Gore, OK; copy mailed to me by Howard HUBLER of Gore, the son of Peter.1241Telephone conversation with Helen HUBLER Oldacker Shaw on Nov. 14, 1989.1242 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1243 Western Migration: Dreams of Gold and a Better Life Drive Mass Movement, Nationl Geographic Society, September 2000.1244 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1245 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).

165

THE HUBLER HISTORY

record different death dates [June 17, June 28, July 9, July (only) and July 10], but all agree on 1972, and the consensus is that L L. HUBLER (1886-1972) died on July 9, 1972 at 9 P.M. at a local hospital in Gadsden, Alabama and was interred in Crestwood Cemetery in Gadsden, Alabama.1813,1814,1815 Collier-Butler Funeral Parlor1816 handled the funeral arrangements. The cause of death was cardiac arrest.1817 His Social Security number was 209-05-7119. 1818

In 1960, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) moved back to Gadsden, Alabama, and on July 12, 1960 at Centre, Alabama, he married a second time to his old-time friend, Mabel Orr Taylor (1906-1991).1819, 1820 Mabel Taylor (1906-1991) was born in Macon, Georgia on Aug. 11, 1906. Her father was Alec Morgan Taylor (born in Vienna, Georgia, but moved to Gadsden, Alabama before the First World War) and her mother was Pearl Leonard Stewart (born in Howard, Georgia).1821 Her father, A. M. Taylor, died when he jumped or fell from a bridge into the Coosa River at 4 o’clock in the morning of July 10, 1939.1822 There was strong belief that he committed suicide, and 1246 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1247 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1248Letter written by M.P. HUBLER, the son of James N. HUBLER, in 1934 to Peter P. HUBLER in Gore, OK; copy mailed to me by Howard HUBLER of Gore, the son of Peter.1249 E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.8, 1999 citing an 1896 biography of James Newberry HUBLER (but it contains many errors).1250E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.7, 1999. 1251Telephone conversation with Helen HUBLER Oldacker Shaw on Nov. 14, 1989.1252Telephone conversation with Helen HUBLER Oldacker Shaw on Nov. 14, 1989.1253E-mail from Robert Gibson (robert-gibson@mailcity.com) on Oct.7, 1999. 1254 E-mail from Bob Becker (becker.bob@colteng.com) about his family.1255 E-mail from Bob Becker (becker.bob@colteng.com) on Oct. 18, 1999.1256 Letter from John W. HUBLER, Elkhart, IN dated Jan. 24, 1990.1257 Obituary of Sarah (NEWBERRY) HUBLER.1258 E-mailfrom Robert Gibson on Nov. 17, 1999.1259 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Jan. 14, 2000 citing Wm HUBLER’s will.1260 1870 census sent by Don Pedicini in Nov. 1999.1261 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Feb. 17, 2000.1262 Oak Hill Cemetery listing provided in a letter frrom Wm Host, Superintendant, on May 14, 1991.1263 Oak Hill Cemetery listing provided in a letter frrom Wm Host, Superintendant, on May 14, 1991.1264 E-mail from Don Pedicini dated Jan. 14, 2000 citing probate sheets of Caroline HUBLER Dixon.1265 E-mail from Don Pedicini dated Jan. 14, 2000 citing probate sheets of Caroline HUBLER Dixon.1266Aley, Howard C. A Heritage to Share. The Bicentennial History of Youngstown and Mahoning County, Ohio. 1975. Obtained through CC Interlibrary Loan System, Oct., 1993.1267Mahoning Meanderings , March 1994--a bi-monthly newsletter from the Mahoning Co Genealogical Society.1268 IGI Morman Church.1269History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. VoL. I, p 475. Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.1270 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Feb. 17, 2000.1271 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Feb. 21, 2000.1272History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. VoL. I, p 475. Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.1273History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. VoL. I, p 475. Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.1274 Obituary of Sarah (NEWBERRY) HUBLER.1275 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Feb. 21, 2000.1276 Newspaper article about the 1911 golden anniversay celebration.

166

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Mabel Taylor (1906-1991) always felt strongly about her father’s suicide and could hardly talk about it over fifty years later.1823 Mabel Taylor (1906-1991) was an only child.

Mabel Taylor (1906-1991) was a graduate of Avert College in Danville, VA and Ashley Hall College in Charleston, South Carolina1824 (now Ashley Hall has been converted into a high school)1825. She applied her training in primary education in a private kindergarten and elementary school, which she owned and operated in Gadsden, Alabama. When L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) was searching for employment in the 1945, he became acquainted with the matronly librarian and teacher. Later, he stayed with Mabel Taylor (1906-1991) as a boarder at her three-story home which served as her school and the home for her elderly aunt and herself. In 1960, when he married Mabel Taylor (1906-1991), she was still running her school, and they resided on the second floor, while her school was on the first. Their honeymoon was spent at a Canadian fishing camp. (He was afraid to tell his son, W. R. Hubler (19916-1993), with whom he lived every fall; 1277 Newspaper article about the 1911 golden anniversay celebration.1278 Newspaper article about the 1911 golden anniversay celebration.1279 Letter from John HUBLER in Elkhard dated Mar. 19, 1991.1280 Letter with cemetery listing from William Powers, 2505 Calla Rd., Canfield, OH on April 19, 1991.1281Aley, Howard C. A Heritage to Share. The Bicentennial History of Youngstown and Mahoning County, Ohio. 1975. Obtained through CC Interlibrary Loan System, Oct., 1993.1282Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Sept. 10, 1990; cited was the PA Archives, Series 5, VoL. 8, p 369.1283 Kathryn Johnson, 228 Smithfield St., Struthers, OH 44471, letters in 1995.1284Helen Shaw remembers.1285Helen Shaw remembers.1286 Obituary of Sarah (NEWBERRY) HUBLER.1287Helen Shaw remembers.1288Deeds from Mahoning Co, Ohio. Research done by Mrs. Robert (Jacelyn) Wilms, professional genealogist, Canfield, Ohio.1289 E-mail from Don Pedicini dated Jan. 14, 2000 citing probate sheets of Caroline HUBLER Dixon.1326 Data from e-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) on Oct. 20, 1997.1327 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HittchLH@aol.com) on Dec. 2, 1997.1328 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1329 1860 PA Census, Lycoming Co1330 1860 PA Census, Lycoming Co1331 1860 PA Census, Lycoming Co1332 E-mail from Larry Hitch (HitchLH@aol.com) on Nov. 5, 1997.1333 E-mail from Larry Hitch (HitchLH@aol.com) on Nov. 16, 1997.1334 E-mail from Larry Hitch (HitchLH@aol.com) on Nov. 5, 1997.1335 1860 PA Census, Lycoming Co1336 1860 PA Census, Lycoming Co1337 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1338 Data from e-mail from Larry Hitch (HitchLH@aol.com) on Oct. 20, 1997.1339 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1340 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Nov. 6, 1997 citing DAR application by Miriam Storms Giles in 1958, # 459591.1341 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Nov. 6, 1997 citing DAR application by Miriam Storms Giles in 1958, # 459591.1342 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1343 E-mail from Martha (cemhbreene@mail.usachoice.net) on Nov. 2, 1997.

167

THE HUBLER HISTORY

and thus he telephoned with the news one evening from Canada while on his honeymoon; however, his son was not home, so he told his daughter-in-law, Marie Seale HUBLER (1918-1988), who smoothed the news when she told his son.).1826

After L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) died in 1972, Mabel Taylor (1906-1991) continued her school in Gadsden, Alabama. She developed mild adult onset diabetes late in life and went to a nearby hospital for her major meal. Mabel Taylor (1906-1991) never liked to cook much anyway. When her aunt was alive and residing with her, she channeled her energy toward the school while her elderly aunt managed the food preparation.

In 1984, Mabel Taylor (1906-1991) sold her home/school and moved to Corpus Christi, Texas to be close to her stepson, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993). Lloyd David HUBLER (b 1947) gave her a small car, and she rented an apartment. A straight-laced Baptist, Mabel Taylor (1906-1991) was a lady who espoused the gentile, Southern traditions. She always spoke in a soft, 1344 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1345 Data sent by Betty Brungard in 1991.1346 E-mail from Kathie Mirabella (KathieMir@aol.com) dated Nov. 9, 1997.1347 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1348 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) on Dec. 14, 1997 citing the 1860 census for Muncy Twp., Lycoming Co, PA. and marriage records in same.1349 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) on Dec. 14, 1997 citing the 1860 census for Muncy Twp., Lycoming Co, PA. and marriage records in same.1350 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) on Dec. 14, 1997 citing the 1860 census for Muncy Twp., Lycoming Co, PA. and marriage records in same.1351 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) on Dec. 14, 1997 citing the 1860 census for Muncy Twp., Lycoming Co, PA. and marriage records in same.1352 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) on Dec. 14, 1997 citing the 1860 census for Muncy Twp., Lycoming Co, PA. and marriage records in same.1353 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) on Dec. 14, 1997 citing the 1860 census for Muncy Twp., Lycoming Co, PA. and marriage records in same.1354 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) on Dec. 14, 1997 citing the 1860 census for Muncy Twp., Lycoming Co, PA. and marriage records in same.1355 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) on Dec. 14, 1997 citing the 1860 census for Muncy Twp., Lycoming Co, PA. and marriage records in same.1356 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1357 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Nov. 6, 1997 (her family).1358 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1359 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) on Dec. 14, 1997 citing the 1860 census for Muncy Twp., Lycoming Co, PA. and marriage records in same.1360 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Dec. 15, 1997 cited source as application for National Society of the Children of American Revolution by Robert Fisher in Cleveland, OH, marriage registrations in Cuyahoga Co, OH (Cleveland), newspaper obituary for Charles Wendel and cemetery listing in Cleveland..1361 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Dec. 15, 1997.1362 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Dec. 15, 1997.1363 E-mail from Kathie Mirabell (KathieMir@aol.com) on Dec. 15, 1997.1364 E-mail correspondent—Gerry Hamor and Kathie Mirabell (http://www.vcnet.com/ghamor/cousin0.1.htm).1365 Internet page by Gerry Hamor listing details of 3 generations (http://www.vnet.com/ghamor/trigen01.htm).

168

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Georgia accented voice, liked to play bridge, loved her pet dog, Beaux, and always dressed immaculately and appropriately. Mabel Taylor (1906-1991) was the antipathy of the modern urbanite. It was refreshing to visit with her. Mabel Taylor (1906-1991) often served as an adult sitter for her stepson, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993), when he became disabled with Alzheimer's disease, and she could almost always be found with W.R. and Helen HUBLER. After W. R. HUBLER (1916-1993) moved into a nursing home in 1990, she continued her close relationship with Helen Mullen HUBLER (1934- ), but she guarded her independency. However, her health began to fail. Helen Mullen HUBLER (b 1934) did not want another obligation, so Mabel Taylor (1906-1991) joined her stepson, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993), in Westwood Manor Nursing Center in Corpus Christi.

In 1991, Mabel Taylor (1906-1991) developed intestinal blockage problems and underwent emergency surgery. She died in Humana Hospital in Corpus Christi on Feb. 7, 1991. She was 1366 Internet page by Gerry Hamor listing details of 3 generations (http://www.vnet.com/ghamor/trigen01.htm). 1367 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1368 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1369 Internet page by Gerry Hamor listing details of 3 generations (http://www.vnet.com/ghamor/trigen01.htm). 1370 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1371 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1372 Newberry home page (www.vcnet.com/ghamor/newbury) on Dec.14, 1997.1373 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1374 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1375 Internet page by Gerry Hamor listing details of 3 generations (http://www.vnet.com/ghamor/trigen01.htm). 1376 DAR Lineage Book CXLVII, 1919 (Mrs. Nellie Laird LeBun).1377 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1378 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1379 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1380 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1381 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1382 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1383 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1384 E-mail correspondent—Gerry Hamor and Kathie Mirabell (http://www.vcnet.com/ghamor/cousin0.1.htm).1385 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1386 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1387 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1388 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1389 Internet page by Gerry Hamor listing details of 3 generations (http://www.vnet.com/ghamor/trigen01.htm). 1390 Internet page by Gerry Hamor listing details of 3 generations (http://www.vnet.com/ghamor/trigen01.htm). 1391 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.

169

THE HUBLER HISTORY

interred in Crestwood Cemetery in Gadsden, Alabama beside her husband, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972).1827 In her will, Mabel Taylor (1906-1991) left all of her estate assets (there was not much) to her stepson, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993).1828

Vignettes of Lloyd Lincoln HUBLER

I knew my grandfather well when he lived with my family about 1958 (he was 72 and I was 13) and for years later; however, I could not attempt to describe him in a few paragraphs, so I am offering a few vignettes of a complex man.

A jovial, gentle man, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) always had a comely countenance, a placid demeanor, a frequent smile, an occasional laugh, a twinkle in his eyes, a warm-blue aura and an “I can do it” attitude. He was short, rather rotund and huggable rather that tall, slim and stern like his son. L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) was always ready to go. He tolerated the occasional 1392 E-mail from Gerry Hamor (ghamor@vcnet.com) on Dec. 3, 1997 cited 1830 census which listed him as 40-50, and no listing in 1790, so birthdate probably was 1790.1393 Newberry home page (www.vcnet.com/ghamor/newbury) on Dec.14, 1997.1394 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1395 Furman, Stuart J. “The Ancestors and Descendants of Andrew Todd Newberry” ,1991; a monograph (11 pages) from Gerald Hamor in Nov. 1997 who copied it from the Northumberland County Historical Soc.1396 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1397 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1398 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1399 E- mail from Myrna Bloomberg (myrnab@cedar.alberni.net) in April 1998 cited 1850 Northumberland Co, PA census.1400 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1401 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1402 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1403 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1404 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1405 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.com) citing a letter from John Newberry dated Jan. 9, 1998.1406 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.com) citing a letter from John Newberry dated Jan. 9, 1998.1407 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1408 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1409 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1410 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1411 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1412 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.

170

THE HUBLER HISTORY

ranting of his son and the shanagins of his teenage grandchildren. He did not seem to become outwardly angry or allow frustration to control him, despite due cause, but instead embraced tolerance, the joy of life and the idea that hope was always in reach for those who grasp it. He was not the kind of sage who would espouse lessons designed to change a person’s life, but his philosophy was taught by example, and L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) left a memorable message. As a teen, I never resented including him in my plans, and that speaks volumes.

L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) was a fastidious man. He prided himself on his appearance, and continued his careful coiffure long after his retirement. He always emerged immaculate in the morning after his sleep. He was always clean-shaven (most of his life, he lathered with a brush and beard soap, used a straight razor after sharpening it on a long, leather razor strop). L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) donned similar clothing everyday—a white, pressed shirt, tucked into belted pants (usually light in color and pressed with a crease visible) and polished shoes. In the “casual” days of 1413 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1414 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1415 Furman, Stuart J. “The Ancestors and Descendants of Andrew Todd Newberry” ,1991; a monograph (11 pages) from Gerald Hamor in Nov. 1997 who copied it from the Northumberland County Historical Soc.1416 E-mail from Marty Smith (bsbmd@pennohio.com) on Feb. 17, 1998 referenced “History of Mercer County, Pennsylvania" published by Brown, Runk & Co in Chicago, Ilin 1888:1417 E-mail from Marty Smith (bsbmd@pennohio.com) on Feb. 17, 1998 referenced “History of Mercer County, Pennsylvania" published by Brown, Runk & Co in Chicago, Ilin 1888:1418 Furman, Stuart J. “The Ancestors and Descendants of Andrew Todd Newberry” ,1991; a monograph (11 pages) from Gerald Hamor in Nov. 1997 who copied it from the Northumberland County Historical Soc.1419 Furman, Stuart J. “The Ancestors and Descendants of Andrew Todd Newberry” ,1991; a monograph (11 pages) from Gerald Hamor in Nov. 1997 who copied it from the Northumberland County Historical Soc.1420 E-mail from Marty Smith (bsbmd@pennohio.com) on Feb. 17, 1998 referenced “History of Mercer County, Pennsylvania" published by Brown, Runk & Co in Chicago, Ilin 1888:1421 Furman, Stuart J. “The Ancestors and Descendants of Andrew Todd Newberry” ,1991; a monograph (11 pages) from Gerald Hamor in Nov. 1997 who copied it from the Northumberland County Historical Soc.1422 E-mail from Marty Smith (bsbmd@pennohio.com) on Feb. 17, 1998 referenced “History of Mercer County, Pennsylvania" published by Brown, Runk & Co in Chicago, Ilin 1888:1423 Furman, Stuart J. “The Ancestors and Descendants of Andrew Todd Newberry” ,1991; a monograph (11 pages) from Gerald Hamor in Nov. 1997 who copied it from the Northumberland County Historical Soc.1424 Furman, Stuart J. “The Ancestors and Descendants of Andrew Todd Newberry” ,1991; a monograph (11 pages) from Gerald Hamor in Nov. 1997 who copied it from the Northumberland County Historical Soc.1425 E-mail from Marty Smith (bsbmd@pennohio.com) on Feb. 17, 1998 referenced “History of Mercer County, Pennsylvania" published by Brown, Runk & Co in Chicago, Ilin 1888:1426 Furman, Stuart J. “The Ancestors and Descendants of Andrew Todd Newberry” ,1991; a monograph (11 pages) from Gerald Hamor in Nov. 1997 who copied it from the Northumberland County Historical Soc.1427 E-mail from Marty Smith (bsbmd@pennohio.com) on Feb. 17, 1998 referenced “History of Mercer County, Pennsylvania" published by Brown, Runk & Co in Chicago, Ilin 1888:1428 Furman, Stuart J. “The Ancestors and Descendants of Andrew Todd Newberry” ,1991; a monograph (11 pages) from Gerald Hamor in Nov. 1997 who copied it from the Northumberland County Historical Soc.

171

THE HUBLER HISTORY

retirement, he wore his shirt opened at the neck, but his collar was always crisp and pressed. His hair was brushed, neat, coated with hair oil and combed straight back (he had male-pattern baldness with very little on top). L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) always smelled Old Spice fresh and sweet (a combination of fragrances from his hair oil, after-shave, toothpaste and deodorants). He easily slipped into a light, stripped seersucker suit and lively tie for more “dressy’ events, like on church days. He never smelled nor looked old. Even during hunting trips with nights spent in tents, his woolen, red-plaid shirt looked ironed!

Every morning after breakfast, he would attend to his car. One of the passions of his life was the automobile (a trait and interest that he instilled in his son, also). Actually, the automobile in America came into being during his lifetime and changed American landscape and life forever. Almost all of the photographs that I have seen of L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) show him proudly posing beside a car. (In fact, many pictures just show the auto, without humans.) Anyway, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) was very proud of his car—at that time a 1951 model Lincoln (that is still 1429 E-mail from Marty Smith (bsbmd@pennohio.com) on Feb. 17, 1998 referenced “History of Mercer County, Pennsylvania" published by Brown, Runk & Co in Chicago, Ilin 1888:1430 Furman, Stuart J. “The Ancestors and Descendants of Andrew Todd Newberry” ,1991; a monograph (11 pages) from Gerald Hamor in Nov. 1997 who copied it from the Northumberland County Historical Soc.1431 E-mail from Marty Smith (bsbmd@pennohio.com) on Feb. 17, 1998 referenced “History of Mercer County, Pennsylvania" published by Brown, Runk & Co in Chicago, Ilin 1888:1432 Furman, Stuart J. “The Ancestors and Descendants of Andrew Todd Newberry” ,1991; a monograph (11 pages) from Gerald Hamor in Nov. 1997 who copied it from the Northumberland County Historical Soc.1433 Furman, Stuart J. “The Ancestors and Descendants of Andrew Todd Newberry” ,1991; a monograph (11 pages) from Gerald Hamor in Nov. 1997 who copied it from the Northumberland County Historical Soc.1434 E-mail from Marty Smith (bsbmd@pennohio.com) on Feb. 17, 1998 referenced “History of Mercer County, Pennsylvania" published by Brown, Runk & Co in Chicago, Ilin 1888:1435 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1436 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on March 16, 1998 (her ancestor).1437 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on March 16, 1998 (her ancestor).1438 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on March 16, 1998 (her ancestor).1439 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on March 16, 1998 (her ancestor).1440 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on March 16, 1998 (her ancestor).1441 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on March 16, 1998 (her ancestor).1442 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1443 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1444 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1445 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1446 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1447 E-mail from Gerry Hamor (ghamor@vcnet.com) on Nov. 29, 1997.1448 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1449 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1450 E-mail from Gerry Hamor (ghamor@vcnet.com) on Mar. 28, 1998.1451 Internet page by Gerry Hamor listing details of 3 generations (http://www.vnet.com/ghamor/trigen01.htm). 1452 E-mail from Gerry Hamor (ghamor@vcnet.com) on Mar. 16, 1998 citing death certificate of Isaac Newberry.1453 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on Mar 27, 1998, cited also a letter from Steve Newbery.

172

THE HUBLER HISTORY

owned and maintained by L. David HUBLER). His son constructed a concrete driveway in front of his home just for the vehicle [later, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) needed the parking space for the overflow of the cars in his own collection]—and L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) would wash and chamois his car every day, including the motor and under the hood. L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) lovingly waxed his car at least every month with the best product available (usually Turtle Wax). He kept his vehicle as immaculate as he kept himself.

L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) was a purveyor and connoisseur of beauty. When he lived with my family, he cultivated roses in a flowerbed allocated to him, just outside of his bedroom window. L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) cared for his rose bushes as meticulously as his car. He grew various varieties of roses, and our home was always filled with the aroma and beauty of fresh-cut flowers. L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) purchased a solid-wood, fine mahogany bedroom suite, which he pampered with frequent waxing, immaculate cleaning and daily Endust dusting. His bedroom floor was covered with muted, multicolored Oriental rugs. As a teenager, I visited his room with the 1454 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on Mar 27, 1998, cited also a letter from Steve Newbery.1455 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on Mar 27, 1998, cited also a letter from Steve Newbery.1456 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on Mar 27, 1998, cited also a letter from Steve Newbery.1457 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on Mar 27, 1998, cited also a letter from Steve Newbery.1458 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on Mar 27, 1998, cited also a letter from Steve Newbery.1459 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on Mar 27, 1998, cited also a letter from Steve Newbery.1460 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on Mar 27, 1998, cited also a letter from Steve Newbery.1461 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on Mar 27, 1998, cited also a letter from Steve Newbery.1462 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on Mar 27, 1998, cited also a letter from Steve Newbery.1463 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on Mar 27, 1998, cited also a letter from Steve Newbery.1464 E-mail from Linda Wain (WainBrain@aol.com) on Mar 27, 1998, cited also a letter from Steve Newbery.1465 Internet page by Gerry Hamor listing details of 3 generations (http://www.vnet.com/ghamor/trigen01.htm). 1466 Fact sheet from Northumberland Co Historical Soc., copy sent by Betty Brungard in 1991.1467 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1468 Newberry home page (www.vcnet.com/ghamor/newbury) on Dec.14, 1997.1469 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1470 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1471 Fact sheet from Northumberland Co Historical Soc., copy sent by Betty Brungard in 1991.1472 Internet page by Gerry Hamor listing details of 3 generations (http://www.vnet.com/ghamor/trigen01.htm). 1473 Internet page by Gerry Hamor listing details of 3 generations (http://www.vnet.com/ghamor/trigen01.htm). 1474 Internet page by Gerry Hamor listing details of 3 generations (http://www.vnet.com/ghamor/trigen01.htm).

173

THE HUBLER HISTORY

same hushed, awe-aspired ambiance as found in a museum. Fresh roses from the yard always crowned the aura.

L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) was hard of hearing. Probably, all the years of firing rifles and shotguns combined with age ruined his hearing. At first, he used a battery-powered hearing aide that was carried in his shirt pocket with a wire attached to a receptacle in his left ear. It helped, but it only “heard” whatever was in front of him, and it was unsightly and cumbersome. Then, he bought a behind-the-ear type, and that resolved the problems. Whenever his son “fussed” at L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972), he would subtlety scratch his pate, turn off his aide behind his ear and revel in the silence. It would frustrate his son but amuse everyone else.

Hunting and fishing were the ultimate passions of L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972). Everyday, after tending to his car, he would read every hunting or fishing magazine possible. Often, he would walk to the nearby grocery store to peruse and purchase the newest issues. He also cleaned and 1475 Internet page by Gerry Hamor listing details of 3 generations (http://www.vnet.com/ghamor/trigen01.htm). 1476 Internet page by Gerry Hamor listing details of 3 generations (http://www.vnet.com/ghamor/trigen01.htm). 1477 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1478 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) on Jan. 25, 1998 cited was data from Betty Brungard referencing “now and Then,” VoL. 9, p 195, published 1950.1479 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1480 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1481 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) on Jan. 25, 1998.1482 E-mail from Gerry Hamor (ghamor@vcnet.com) dated Jan. 29, 1998 in answer to Larry Hitchcock.1483 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1484 Internet NEWBERRY Family Group (htttp://www.vcnet.com/newberry).1485 E-mail from Larry Hitch (HitchLH@aol.com) on Nov. 26, 1997.1486 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) on Jan. 25, 1998.1487 E-mail from Gerry Hamor (ghamor@vcnet.com) dated Jan. 29, 1998 in answer to Larry Hitchcock.1488 E-mail from Gerry Hamor (ghamor@vcnet.com) eentitled “Ponderings” on March 21, 1998.1489 E-mail (seeries) from Kathy Newton in Jan. 1998.1490 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1491 E-mail (seeries) from Kathy Newton in Jan. 1998.1492Betty Brungard, Northumberland, PA.1493 National Cyclopedia of American Biography, pg. 135, copy sent by Betty Brungard on July 15, 1991.1494 Data sent by Betty Brungard in 1991.1495 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.com) citing a letter from John Newberry dated Jan. 9, 1998.1496DAR membership application by Mirum Giles, 1958; sent by Steven NEWBERRY, Bettendorf, IA.1497 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1498 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.caol.com) on March 12, 1998.1499 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.caol.com) on March 12, 1998.1500Letter from Steven NEWBERRY, Bettendorf, IA, dated March 31, 1990.1501 Email from Steven Newberry (Steven.Newberry@InternetMCI.com) on Nov. 24, 1997.1502 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1503Letter from Steven NEWBERRY, Bettendorf, IA, dated March 31, 1990.1504 Email from Steven Newberry (Steven.Newberry@InternetMCI.com) on Nov. 24, 1997.1505Letter from Steven NEWBERRY, Bettendorf, IA, dated March 31, 1990.

174

THE HUBLER HISTORY

oiled his reel and guns. L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) was always ready to go fishing or hunting. Since his son was a South Texas physician, he received many invitations to hunt deer, hogs and birds. In addition, his son had hunting leases and was a member of multiple hunting/fishing clubs. In short, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) had hunting trips weekly during the winter, and during the rest of the year, the fish beckoned him from the salt water in Laguna Made and fresh water in Lake Mathis. It must have seemed like heaven.

Just like everything else in his life, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) took care of his hunting and fishing gear. His rifles and shotguns were shiny clean inside and out, anointed with the heaviest gun grease and protected by the best rifle cases. L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) had several firearms displayed in a windowed gun cabinet beside his bed. Those were the good old days when things were made to last a lifetime and were not threatened by a factory-devised, one to three-year self-destruction period (such as with cars) or a one-year obsolescence (such as with computers). In fact,

1506 E-mail from Kathy Newton citing as the source: Hull: William Penn and the Dutch Quaker Migration to Pennsylvania page 4161507 E-mail from Gerry Hamor (ghamor@vcnet.com) on March 14, 1998.1508National Cyclopedia of American Biography , p 135,; copy from Betty Brungard, Northumberland, PA, June 15, 1991.1509 Email from Larry Htchcock (Hitchl@aol.com), Sept. 1, 2001.1510 E-mail (seeries) from Kathy Newton in Jan. 1998.1511 E-mail (seeries) from Kathy Newton in Jan. 1998.1512 E-mail (seeries) from Kathy Newton in Jan. 1998.1513 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.net) on Feb. 18, 1998 citing as the main source, a book on the Bull Family written by James H. Bull around 1919.1514 E-mail (seeries) from Kathy Newton in Jan. 1998.1515 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.net) on Feb. 18, 1998 citing as the main source, a book on the Bull Family written by James H. Bull around 1919.1516 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) dated Feb. 26, 1998 citing a GenServa Internet report.1517 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) dated Feb. 26, 1998 citing a GenServa Internet report.1518 E-mail (seeries) from Kathy Newton in Jan. 1998.1519 E-mail from Bob Leishman (LeismanR@aol.com) on Feb. 21, 1998, and his cited references were a pedigree chart, Marrion Arther Newberry; Book about Montgomery Co, PA cemeteries; will of Henry Newberry, Rose Reyonds; "John Newberry" a paper read by Charles Boyer, 6 June 19061520 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.net) on Feb. 18, 1998 citing as the main source, a book on the Bull Family written by James H. Bull around 1919.1521 E-mail from Bob Leishman (LeismanR@aol.com) on Feb. 21, 1998, and his cited references were a pedigree chart, Marrion Arther Newberry; Book about Montgomery Co, PA cemeteries; will of Henry Newberry, Rose Reyonds; "John Newberry" a paper read by Charles Boyer, 6 June 19061522 E-mail from Bob Leishman (LeismanR@aol.com) on Feb. 21, 1998, and his cited references were a pedigree chart, Marrion Arther Newberry; Book about Montgomery Co, PA cemeteries; will of Henry Newberry, Rose Reyonds; "John Newberry" a paper read by Charles Boyer, 6 June 19061523 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.net) on Feb. 18, 1998 citing as the main source, a book on the Bull Family written by James H. Bull around 1919.1524 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) dated Feb. 26, 1998 citing a GenServa Internet report.1525 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) dated Feb. 26, 1998 citing a GenServa Internet report.1526 E-mail from Bob Leishman (LeismanR@aol.com) on Feb. 21, 1998, and his cited references were a pedigree chart, Marrion Arther Newberry; Book about Montgomery Co, PA cemeteries; will of Henry Newberry, Rose Reyonds; "John Newberry" a paper read by Charles Boyer, 6 June 1906

175

THE HUBLER HISTORY

his vehicle and bedroom furniture are still used and maintained by his grandchildren and great-grandchildren.

L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) was a good outdoorsman, but his hearing deficient was a handicap. Whenever I took my granddad fishing in our small, metal boat, as he shifted to get his tackle box, to retrieve his rod and reel or to get in the best position for casting, he was so noisy that no fish would dare to venture into casting range. He was totally unaware of the cacophony. We tried a wooden boat, which although the boat was larger and more cumbersome, hopefully that might mute the sounds. However, the vibrations were lower in pitch and traveled better under water, so we still caught no fish. Finally, surf fishing from the beach or wade fishing in waist-deep water that tamped the noise was successful, and we caught many fish. Deer hunting offered similar obstacles. In South Texas sendera hunting was the norm, and that usually that entailed arising

1527 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.net) on Feb. 18, 1998 citing as the main source, a book on the Bull Family written by James H. Bull around 1919.1528 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) dated Feb. 26, 1998 citing a GenServa Internet report.1529 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) dated Jan. 29, 1998 citing the will.1530 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) dated Jan. 28, 1998 containing a message forwarded from Steve NEWBERRY.1531 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) dated Feb. 26, 1998 citing a GenServa Internet report.1532 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.net) on Feb. 18, 1998 citing as the main source, a book on the Bull Family written by James H. Bull around 1919.1533 E-mail from Bob Leishman (LeismanR@aol.com) on Feb. 21, 1998, and his cited references were a pedigree chart, Marrion Arther Newberry; Book about Montgomery Co, PA cemeteries; will of Henry Newberry, Rose Reyonds; "John Newberry" a paper read by Charles Boyer, 6 June 19061534 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.net) on Feb. 18, 1998 citing as the main source, a book on the Bull Family written by James H. Bull around 1919.1535 E-mail from Bob Leishman (LeismanR@aol.com) on Feb. 21, 1998, and his cited references were a pedigree chart, Marrion Arther Newberry; Book about Montgomery Co, PA cemeteries; will of Henry Newberry, Rose Reyonds; "John Newberry" a paper read by Charles Boyer, 6 June 19061536 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.net) on Feb. 18, 1998 citing as the main source, a book on the Bull Family written by James H. Bull around 1919.1537 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) dated Feb. 26, 1998 citing a GenServa Internet report.1538 E-mail from Bob Leishman (LeismanR@aol.com) on Feb. 21, 1998, and his cited references were a pedigree chart, Marrion Arther Newberry; Book about Montgomery Co, PA cemeteries; will of Henry Newberry, Rose Reyonds; "John Newberry" a paper read by Charles Boyer, 6 June 19061539 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.net) on Feb. 18, 1998 citing as the main source, a book on the Bull Family written by James H. Bull around 1919.1540 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.net) on Feb. 18, 1998 citing as the main source, a book on the Bull Family written by James H. Bull around 1919.1541 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.net) on Feb. 18, 1998 citing as the main source, a book on the Bull Family written by James H. Bull around 1919.1542 E-mail from Bob Leishman (LeismanR@aol.com) on Feb. 21, 1998, and his cited references were a pedigree chart, Marrion Arther Newberry; Book about Montgomery Co, PA cemeteries; will of Henry Newberry, Rose Reyonds; "John Newberry" a paper read by Charles Boyer, 6 June 19061543 E-mail from Bob Leishman (LeismanR@aol.com) on Feb. 21, 1998, and his cited references were a pedigree chart, Marrion Arther Newberry; Book about Montgomery Co, PA cemeteries; will of Henry Newberry, Rose Reyonds; "John Newberry" a paper read by Charles Boyer, 6 June 19061544 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.net) on Feb. 18, 1998 citing as the main source, a book on the Bull Family written by James H. Bull around 1919.

176

THE HUBLER HISTORY

before dawn and silently hiding in an elevated deer blind on a sendera or clearing waiting for an unsuspecting buck to mosey into sight. With his hearing loss, Granddad was unaware of the noises that warned the skittish bucks of our presence, so the only shots that we had were very long distance. However, he became an excellent marksman at deer 300 yards away, and our larder was always chockablock with venison. Bird hunting was better. Wild ducks, geese, turkey, dove and quail filled our freezer.

When I was thirteen, I wanted to hunt just like my dad and granddad. Before I could begin, my Dad required that I complete a rifle course with the National Rifle Association. I dutifully completed the six-week course. For Christmas, my granddad gave me my first gun (a 20-gauge single-shot shotgun) from his personal collection. The strength of that gun always reminded me of my granddad.

1545 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) dated Feb. 28, 19981546 E-mail from Bob Leishman (LeismanR@aol.com) on Feb. 21, 1998, and his cited references were a pedigree chart, Marrion Arther Newberry; Book about Montgomery Co, PA cemeteries; will of Henry Newberry, Rose Reyonds; "John Newberry" a paper read by Charles Boyer, 6 June 19061547 E-mail from Steven Newbery to Gerry Hamor dated Nov. 27, 1997.1548 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) dated Jan. 28, 1998 containing a message forwarded from Steve NEWBERRY.1549 E-mail from Bob Leishman (LeismanR@aol.com) on Feb. 21, 1998, and his cited references were a pedigree chart, Marrion Arther Newberry; Book about Montgomery Co, PA cemeteries; will of Henry Newberry, Rose Reyonds; "John Newberry" a paper read by Charles Boyer, 6 June 19061550 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) dated Feb. 26, 1998 citing a GenServa Internet report.1551 E-mail from Kathy Newton (jandk@wnol.net) on Feb. 18, 1998 citing as the main source, a book on the Bull Family written by James H. Bull around 1919.1552 E-mail from Bob Leishman (LeismanR@aol.com) on Feb. 21, 1998, and his cited references were a pedigree chart, Marrion Arther Newberry; Book about Montgomery Co, PA cemeteries; will of Henry Newberry, Rose Reyonds; "John Newberry" a paper read by Charles Boyer, 6 June 19061553 E-mail from Bob Leishman (LeismanR@aol.com) on Feb. 21, 1998, and his cited references were a pedigree chart, Marrion Arther Newberry; Book about Montgomery Co, PA cemeteries; will of Henry Newberry, Rose Reyonds; "John Newberry" a paper read by Charles Boyer, 6 June 19061554Application for DAR membership by Betty Brungard, 1979; footnoted "military record--GSA,” Washington DC; received from DAR in 1990.1555DAR membership application by Mirum Giles, 1958; obtained from DAR in 1991.1556 Pension paper (68 pages!) summarized by Gerry Hamon on Internet (ghamon@mail.vcnet.com) on July 9, 1997.1557Letter from Steven NEWBERRY, Bettendorf, IA, dated March 31, 1990.1558The NEWBERRYs, Northumberland Co, PA Historical Society, copy sent by Betty Brungard, Northumberland, PA.1559The NEWBERRYs, Northumberland Co, PA Historical Society, copy sent by Betty Brungard, Northumberland, PA.1560 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1561 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1562 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1563 Information from a summary of 68 pages of Court Pention Papers retrieved from a Morman Family Library by Gerry Hamon received via Internet in July 1997.1564 Internet (www.ancestry.com).

177

THE HUBLER HISTORY

When I knew him, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) did not smoke and rarely had a beer, and he never had the memory loss, confusion and violence that was typical of the horrible affliction, Alzheimer’s Disease, that felled his father, uncle, son and nieces; however, at the end of his life, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) began the symptoms of dementia. L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) loved Friday fisticuffs on television. Our family had only one television set (T.V. was an upscale treasure at that time, and so we were lucky to have one black-and-white set), and it was reserved for Grandad each Friday night to view professional boxing matches. L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) was not a gambler, but he just liked fights. L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) was an early practitioner of power naps. He infrequently when to his room to lie down; however, he took catnaps during the day in his favorite lounge-chair, which seemed to refresh him. His son, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1996), liked to lie down on the couch every day for 45 minutes for an after lunch snooze, and his grandson, Lloyd David HUBLER (b 1946) could catch a few winks anywhere, anytime.1565 Pension paper (68 pages!) summarized by Gerry Hamon on Internet (ghamon@mail.vcnet.com) on July 9, 1997.1566Letter from Steven NEWBERRY, Bettendorf, IA, dated March 31, 1990.1567Letter from Betty Brungard, Northumberland, PA; dated March 12, 1990.1568DAR list.1569 Pension paper (68 pages!) summarized by Gerry Hamon on Internet (ghamon@mail.vcnet.com) on July 9, 1997.1570 Pension paper (68 pages!) summarized by Gerry Hamon on Internet (ghamon@mail.vcnet.com) on July 9, 1997.1571 Pension paper (68 pages!) summarized by Gerry Hamon on Internet (ghamon@mail.vcnet.com) on July 9, 1997.1572 Pension paper (68 pages!) summarized by Gerry Hamon on Internet (ghamon@mail.vcnet.com) on July 9, 1997.1573 Pension paper (68 pages!) summarized by Gerry Hamon on Internet (ghamon@mail.vcnet.com) on July 9, 1997.1574 Pension paper (68 pages!) summarized by Gerry Hamon on Internet (ghamon@mail.vcnet.com) on July 9, 1997.1575Letter from Betty Brungard, Northumberland, PA; dated March 12, 1990.1576Letter from Betty Brungard, Northumberland, PA; dated July 9, 1990 with 1858 map of Point Twp, Northumberland Co, PA.1577Letter from Steven NEWBERRY, Bettendorf, IA, dated May 10, 1990.1578Letter from Betty Brungard, Northumberland, PA; dated July 9, 1990 with 1858 map of Point Twp, Northumberland Co, PA.1579Estate of Sara GUEST NEWBERRY, Northumberland, 1857.1580 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) on Jan. 25, 1998.1581 E-mail from Gerry Hamor (ghamor@vcnet.com) dated Jan. 29, 1998 in answer to Larry Hitchcock.1582Papers of Revolutionary War Pension, copy sent by Steven NEWBERRY, Bettendorf, IA1583National Cyclopedia of American Biography , p 135, from Betty Brungard on July 15, 1991.1584 E-mail from Larry Hitchcock (HitchLH@aol.com) on Jan. 25, 1998.1585 E-mail from Gerry Hamor (ghamor@vcnet.com) dated Jan. 29, 1998 in answer to Larry Hitchcock.1586Records of wills from Chester Co Registrar, from Stephany Gormley, dated Aug. 20, 1991.1587 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1588 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1589Records of wills from Chester Co Registrar, from Stephany Gormley, dated Aug. 20, 1991.1590Records of wills from Chester Co Registrar, from Stephany Gormley, dated Aug. 20, 1991.1591Records of wills from Chester Co Registrar, from Stephany Gormley, dated Aug. 20, 1991.1592Records of wills from Chester Co Registrar, from Stephany Gormley, dated Aug. 20, 1991.1593Records of wills from Chester Co Registrar, from Stephany Gormley, dated Aug. 20, 1991.

178

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The Weber Family

For a discussion on the on the WEBERs in this line, see The Weber Way by W.R. HUBLER, Jr.

1594 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1595Letter from Steven NEWBERRY, Bettendorf, IA, dated May 10, 1990.1596Records of wills from Chester Co Registrar, from Stephany Gormley, dated Aug. 20, 1991.1597 E-mail from Gerry Hamor (ghamor@vcnet.com) dated Jan. 27, 1998.1598 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1599Letter from Steven NEWBERRY, Bettendorf, IA, dated May 10, 1990.1600 E-mail from Kathie Mirabel (KathieMir@aol.com) on Nov. 11, 1997 and the cited souch was Passenger and Ships Prior to 1684, Penn’s Colony, VoL. 1, Walter Lee Shepard, Jr., Heritage, 1992.1601 E-mail from Kathie Mirabella (KathieMir@aol.com) on Nov. 11, 1997 cited reference was History of Chester Co by Futhey and Cope and The Welcome Claiments by George McCraken.1602 Newbery, John G., Hart, Ruby Newberry and R. Steven Newbery. Ancesty of the Newbery Family, 1996; copy obtained from Dolly Findley in CC (cousin of author) in 1997.1603 Furman, Stuart J. The Ancestors and Descendants of Andew Todd Newberry, 1991 copy sent by Gerry Hamor Aug. 1997.1604 Furman, Stuart J. The Ancestors and Descendants of Andew Todd Newberry, 1991 copy sent by Gerry Hamor Aug. 1997.1605Centre Co Library, July 1, 1993.1637Letter from Mary Lou Wren, dated June 13, 1991.1638Letter from Mary Lou Wren, dated June 13, 1991.1639 Death Certificate Index Mahoning Co, OH sent by Don Pedicini on Sept. 10, 1999.1640 AW Hubler family Bible.1641 Mahoning County Court Birth Record.1642 IGI Morman Church.1643 Newspaper obituary for A. W. HUBLER.1644Newspaper obituaries.1645Aley, Howard C. A Heritage to Share. The Bicentennial History of Youngstown and Mahoning County, Ohio. 1975. Obtained through CC Interlibrary Loan System, Oct., 1993.1646History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. p 475.16471860 Federal Census.1648History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. p 149-150.1649Obituary published in Youngstown newspaper on Dec. 20, 1921.1650 General Affidavit, Ohio, Mahoning Co Claim for Pension.1651History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. p 149-150.1652History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. p 149-150.1653History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. p 149-150.1654 Memories of Helen Shaw.1655 Encyclopedia Britanica.1656 Internet dictionary.

179

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The HUBLER Family in Texas

Texas

The history of Texas is as complex and gargantuan as the state itself. Condensing the Bunyanesque Texan historical enigma is not easy. Recently, prodigious novelist and historgraphic manuscript maestro, James Michener (of Hawaii fame), tried to capture the spirit, geography and history of the state in his novel, Texas, but his tome eventually just rivaled the readability and length of Leo Tolstoy’s masterpiece, War and Peace, and ended up as a magnificent paperweight--another failed attempt at scaling a slippery slope. Actually, Texas is not just a state; it is a mindset that defies delineation. Condensing Texas is as ethereal as photographing the wind, bottling the aroma of a thought or recording a multi-1657 Declaration for Pension (Act of May 1, 1920) on Sept. 22, 1920, personallly signed and notarized.1658Answer to a request to Department of the Army, dated Jan. 18, 1990.1659Newspaper obituary.1660Letter from Recorder's Office, dated Sept. 18, 1993, in response to an inquiry from me.1661 Internet (http://images.ancestry.com/sid/bin/show_sid.plx?client=T288_229&image=735.sid&sidplug=1&databaseid=4654&ti=).1662 Youngstown City Directory, 1875-1884 in e-mail from Don Pedicini on Feb. 17, 2000.1663 Youngstown City Directory, 1889-1900.1664 Internet on Aug. 8, 1996 (http://malthus.morton.wm.edu/~srnels/antrichf95/bumgard.htm)..1665History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties . 1882. VoL. I, p 475. Clayton Genealogy Library, Houston.1666 Marriage License, State of Ohio.1667 Department of the Interior, Bureau of Pensions, Questionarie, March 25, 1915.1668 Department of the Interior, Bureau of Pensions, Questionarie, March 25, 1915.1669Newspaper obituary.1670Helen Shaw remembers.1671 The Brief History of the United Steelworkers of America obained from the Internet (http://www.uswa.org/history.html) on Sept. 19, 1996.1672Helen Shaw remembers.1673 Declaration for Pension (Act of May 1, 1920) on Sept. 22, 1920, personallly signed and notarized.1674 General Affidavit, Ohio, Mahoning Co Claim for Pension.1675 Department of the Interior, Bureau of Pensions, Questionarie, March 25, 1915.1676 Pension papers, Department of the Interior.1677 Declaration for Pension (Act of May 1, 1920) on Sept. 22, 1920, personallly signed and notarized.1678 Declaration for Pension (Act of May 1, 1920) on Sept. 22, 1920, personallly signed and notarized.1679 Declaration for Pension (Act of May 1, 1920) on Sept. 22, 1920, personallly signed and notarized.1680 Declaration for Pension (Act of May 1, 1920) on Sept. 22, 1920, personallly signed and notarized.1681 Declaration for Pension (Act of May 1, 1920) on Sept. 22, 1920, personallly signed and notarized.1682 Helen Hubler Shaw remembers.1683 Pictures available.1684 Helen Shaw remembers.1685 Obituary published in Youngstown newspaper on Dec. 20, 1921.1686 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Feb. 17, 2000.1687 Department of the Interior, Bureau of Pensions.1688 Department of the Interior, Bureau of Pensions.1689 Department of the Interior, Bureau of Pensions.1690 Department of the Interior, Bureau of Pensions.1691 Notation on the back of a picture of the Volney Ave. house in Helen Shaw’s handwriting.1692 Newspaper obituary.1693 http://www.mahoningcountyauditor.org/maho208/LandRover.asp.

180

THE HUBLER HISTORY

linguistic marketplace—the essence is there, but defining its soul is the problem. Even though I was born a Yankee, I was reared in Corpus Christi and claim to be a Texan; so, I am proudly biased.

In a nutshell, American Indians controlled Texas until the 19th century, although “white eyes” claimed ownership. By the 21st century, Texas has served under six flags, has a kaleidoscope of ethnicities (such as, African-American, Hispanic, European, Slavic, Jewish, Middle Eastern, Indian, Asian, and more), polysyllabic linguists (such as, English, Spanish, Japanese, Chinese, Indian, German, and more) diverse occupations (such as, ranching, medical, astrophysics, petroengineering, and more) and divergent religions (such as, Christianity, Judaism, Islamism, atheism, agnosticism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and more) in a multifaceted geography (such as, seashores, lakefronts, mountain peaks, deserts, plateaus, brush land, and more) and varied living communities (such as, sprawling cities, desolate deserts, collapsing colonias, monied metropolises, poverty-plagued parts, family farms, and more). Clearly, compression is challenging.1694 http://www.mahoningcountyauditor.org/maho208/LandRover.asp.1695 Newspaper obituary.1696 E-mail from Don Pedicini citing a list of HUBLERs in Oak Hill on Oct. 14, 1999.1697 Mahoning County Clerk, 1991.1698 Department of the Interior, Bureau of Pensions.1699 Interment records.1700 Death Certificate, State of Ohio.1701 Death Certificate, State of Ohio.1702Helen Shaw remembers.1703 Department of the Interior, Bureau of Pensions.1704Newspaper obituary.1705Death Certificate.1706Helen Shaw remembers, 1990.1707Data from Oak Hill Cemetery.1708Helen Shaw remembers, 1990.1709Death Certificate.1710Death Certificate.1711Death Certificate.1712 Application for Reimbursement, Feb. 15, 1934.1713Newspaper obituary.1714Letters from Wm. Host, Assistant Superintendent, Oak Hill Cemetery, dated Dec. 1, 1989 and March 7, 1990.1715 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Nov 18, 1999.1716 E-mail from Don Pedicini on Nov 18, 1999.1717 Newspaper obituary.1718Helen Shaw remembers.1719 Interment Record of Mill Creek Memorial Park Association.1720 E-mail from Darcey Gaurloff.1721 Newspaper obituary.1722 Newspaper obituary.1723 Notation on the back of a picture of the Volney Ave. house in Helen Shaw’s handwriting.1724 Acccording to her step-daughter, Marilyn Boggs, Youngstown on Oct. 7, 2001.1725 Acccording to her step-daughter, Marilyn Boggs, Youngstown on Oct. 7, 2001.1726 Acccording to her step-daughter, Marilyn Boggs, Youngstown on Oct. 7, 2001.1727 Newspaper obituary.1728 Mahoning County Court Birth Record.1729 Youngstown City Directory, 1889-1900.1730Helen Shaw remembers.1731Newspaper obituary.1732 Death Certificate Index Mahoning Co, OH sent by Don Pedicini on Sept. 10, 1999.

181

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Humans lived in the Texas area 15,000 years ago. Between 1,000 BCE and the arrival of Europeans, several Native American cultures existed in different parts of what is now Texas. A well-developed society existed in the wooded areas of eastern Texas, the Mound Builders (the same industrious culture that populated Mississippi, Alabama and Louisiana). They raised corn, beans, squash and tobacco, and built houses of poles, thatch, and mud plaster. They made beautiful pottery and used stone implements.

When the first European explorers arrived, they found settled, agricultural, peaceful Native Americans. The peoples of eastern Texas belonged to the Caddoan linguistic group and were loosely organized into two confederacies, the Caddo of the Texarkana area and the Hasinai on the upper Angelina and Neches rivers. When Spanish explorers first met the Hasinai, the Spaniards were greeted with the word techas, or allies; and the Spanish pronounced the word as Tejas (Texas), and adopted it for both the area and the people. These people lived in small villages with 7 to 15 dome-shaped huts. They 1733 Newspaper obituary.1734 Interment Record of Mill Creek Memorial Park Association.1735 Newspaper obituary.1736 Letter from Daughters of Unioon Veterans of the Civil War dated Jan. 3, 1990.1737 Mahoning County Court Birth Record.1738 Emails from Darcy Gauriloff, Oct. 2001.1739Newspaper obituary.1740Letter from Mary Lou Wren, dated June 13, 1991.1741 Email from Darcy Gauriloff (DRW4323@aol.com) Sept. 8, 2001.1742 Emails from Darcy Gauriloff, Oct. 2001.1743 Interment Record of Mill Creek Memorial Park Association.1744Helen Shaw remembers.1745 Department of the Interior, Bureau of Pensions.1746 Department of the Interior, Bureau of Pensions.1747 Newspaper obituary.1748Helen Shaw remembers.1749Newspaper obituary.1750W.R. HUBLER, Jr. heard family stories.1751 Department of the Interior, Bureau of Pensions.1752 Department of the Interior, Bureau of Pensions.1753 Newspaper obituary.1754Stories from W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) as told to the author.1755 Newspaper obituary.1756 Interment Record of Mill Creek Memorial Park Association.1757 Newspaper obituary.1758 Notation on the back of a picture of the Volney Ave. house in Helen Shaw’s handwriting.1759Letter from Helen Shaw to W.R. HUBLER, Sr., dated Sept. 10, 1968.1760Newspaper obituary.1761 Death Certificate Index Mahoning Co, OH sent by Don Pedicini on Sept. 10, 1999.1762 Interment Record of Mill Creek Memorial Park Association.1763 Mahoning County Court Birth Record.1764Helen Shaw remembers.1765 Oak Hill cemetery plot listing.1766 The Harvard Mental Health Letter, vol 18, number 4 , October 2001.1767 The Harvard Mental Health Letter, vol 18, number 4 , October 2001.1768 The Harvard Mental Health Letter, vol 18, number 4 , October 2001.1769 The Harvard Mental Health Letter, vol 18, number 4 , October 2001.1770 E-mail from Sue Collins on Oct. 1, 2001.1771 E-mail frrom Robert Gibson on Oct. 1, 2001.92Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Dec. 1, 1993.

182

THE HUBLER HISTORY

were accomplished farmers and raised many different crops. Deer, bears, and fish were plentiful, and these peoples sometimes made long trips to hunt buffalo. Along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico early inhabitants (the Karankawa) lived principally on seafood and practiced ceremonial cannibalism. They made pottery that was waterproofed with asphalt and used dugout canoes to catch seafood from the lagoons along the shore, smearing their bodies with fish oil to repel mosquitoes.

The Spanish were the first Europeans to explore present-day Texas. In 1519, a contengent of the group led by Alonzo Álvarez de Piñeda mapped the coast of the Gulf of Mexico from Florida to Vera Cruz, spending 40 days at the mouth of the river they named Rio de las Palmas (probably the present-day Río Grande). In 1528, Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca and other members of an expedition led by Pániflo de Narváez were shipwrecked on the Texas coast. Cabeza de Vaca and three others made their way across Texas, wandered through what would become the southwestern United States, and in 1536 reached a Spanish settlement in Mexico. [The native inhabitants told Cabeza de Vaca tales about cities 93Letter from Ernst HUBLER, Biel, Switzerland, dated Dec. 1, 1993.94IGI Morman Church, CC; as of April 1, 1994..95IGI Morman Church, CC; as of April 1, 1994..602 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.603 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.604 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.605 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.606 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.607 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.608 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.609 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.610 E-mail from Lyn Guerreri (guerr@erols.com) on Nov. 19, 1999.611 E-mail from Lyn Guerreri (guerr@erols.com) on Nov. 19, 1999.612 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.613 E-mail from Lyn Guerreri (guerr@erols.com) on Nov. 19, 1999.614 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.615 E-mail from Nancy Taylor (njt5@psu.edu) on Nov. 23, 1999.616 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.617 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.618 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.619 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.620 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.621 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.622 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.623 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.624 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.625 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.626 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.627 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.628 Intenet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/2300/susannah.html).629 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.630 Commerative Biographical Record of Central Pennsylvania. 1898.631 1850 Census scanned on genealogylibrary.com (FTW).632 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.633 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.634 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.635 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.636 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.637 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.638 Intenet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/2300/susannah.html).

183

THE HUBLER HISTORY

full of gold and jewels, and in 1540, an expedition led by Francisco Vásquez de Coronado marched northward from Mexico in search of the Seven Cities of Cíbola (actually a village of the Wichita in present-day Kansas) and the city of Quivira (actually a pueblo of the Zuñi people in present-day New Mexico). The group spent much time wandering over the Llano Estacado, or Staked Plain, of western Texas and eastern New Mexico in 1541, but returned empty-handed.]

At about the same time, the Spanish adventurer Hernando de Soto was exploring the Mississippi River. After de Soto died of fever, his men tried to reach Mexico by an overland route. They traveled through eastern Texas, but when they reached the plains area, they turned back to the Mississippi. The Spanish lost interest in the territory after the disappointing reports of the two expeditions. In 1682, the Spanish established the first mission in Texas at Ysleta (a village near present-day El Paso) to bring Christianity to the native peoples. In 1685, the French explorer René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, built Fort Saint Louis near Matagorda Bay and claimed for France all the 639 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.640 GED from Shirley Landry.641 Kym (Krykev@aol.com), 1/25/2001 (desc of Leander Hubler. 642 1850 Census scanned on genealogylibrary.com (FTW).643 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.644 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.645 Kym (Krykev@aol.com), 1/25/2001 (desc of Leander Hubler. 646 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.647 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.648 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.649 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.650 Kym (Krykev@aol.com), 1/25/2001 (desc of Leander Hubler. 651 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.652 Kym (Krykev@aol.com), 1/25/2001 (desc of Leander Hubler. 653 Kym (Krykev@aol.com), 1/25/2001 (desc of Leander Hubler. 654 Kym (Krykev@aol.com), 1/25/2001 (desc of Leander Hubler. 655 Kym (Krykev@aol.com), 1/25/2001 (desc of Leander Hubler. 656 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.657 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.658 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.659 E-mail Shirley (Mrs. Marvin Richard) Landry (Momtroll@aol.com) onJan. 5, 1999.660 GED from Shirley Landry.661 1850 Census scanned on genealogylibrary.com (FTW).662 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.663 GED from Shirley Landry.664 GED from Shirley Landry.665 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.666 E-mail Shirley (Mrs. Marvin Richard) Landry (Momtroll@aol.com) onJan. 5, 1999.667 E-mail Shirley (Mrs. Marvin Richard) Landry (Momtroll@aol.com) onJan. 5, 1999.668 E-mail Shirley (Mrs. Marvin Richard) Landry (Momtroll@aol.com) onJan. 5, 1999.669 E-mail guerr@erols.com forwarded by Doris Williams (Itcwms@fidnet.com) on Nov. 22, 1997.670 E-mail Shirley (Mrs. Marvin Richard) Landry (Momtroll@aol.com) onJan. 5, 1999.671 E-mail Shirley (Mrs. Marvin Richard) Landry (Momtroll@aol.com) onJan. 5, 1999.672 E-mail Shirley (Mrs. Marvin Richard) Landry (Momtroll@aol.com) onJan. 5, 1999.673 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.674 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.675 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.676 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.677 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.678 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.

184

THE HUBLER HISTORY

lands drained by the Mississippi River and its tributaries; but soon afterwards, La Salle was killed on another expedition, and the men at the fort died from disease or were killed by the native inhabitants. The French claim alarmed the Spanish, however, and they sent several expeditions to find and destroy the French fort. In 1690, churchmen from these expeditions established the first of several missions among the Tejas people of eastern Texas.

The missions were difficult to maintain and were quickly abandoned. The eastern province of what was called New Spain was ignored until 1714, when a French trading expedition crossed Texas and founded a settlement on the Río Grande near present-day Eagle Pass. Again the Spanish were alarmed by the French activities. In 1716, fearing more French incursions into their territory, the Spanish re-created the eastern Texas mission system and built more than 30 new missions. No official boundary had ever been set between the territories claimed by Spain and those claimed by France, and even when

679 Intenet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/2300/susannah.html).680 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.681 1850 Census scanned on genealogylibrary.com (FTW).682 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.683 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.684 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.685 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.686 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.687 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.688 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.689 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.690 Intenet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/2300/susannah.html).691 GED from Shirley Landry.692 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.693 1850 Census scanned on genealogylibrary.com (FTW).694 GED from Shirley Landry.695 GED from Shirley Landry.696 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.697 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.698 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.699 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.700 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.701 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.702 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.703 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.704 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.705 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.706 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.707 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.708 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.709 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.710 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.711 Intenet (http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/2300/susannah.html).712 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.713 GED from Shirley Landry.714 1850 Census scanned on genealogylibrary.com (FTW).715 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.716 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.717 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.718 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.

185

THE HUBLER HISTORY

the United States bought the Louisiana territories from the French in 1803, the boundary was still unclear.

Between 1800 and 1820, Spain’s hold on the province of Texas became even more insecure. Although Spain had claimed Texas for more than 300 years, there were only three settlements between the Río Grande and the Sabine rivers: San Antonio, Goliad, and Nacogdoches. Spanish officials realized that more settlers were needed to prevent other countries from trying to claim the land. In 1820, Moses Austin, a United States citizen, asked the Spanish government in Mexico for permission to settle in Texas. Austin died soon after making his request, but his son, Stephen Fuller Austin, was permitted to continue with the project in 1821. Mexico gained its independence from Spain in a revolution that same year, and Austin negotiated a contract with the new government to settle 300 families in Texas. It was the beginning of the empresario system. Empresarios were people who contracted with the Mexican government to bring Roman Catholic settlers to Texas in exchange for 9,300 hectares (23,000 acres) of 719 Letter with cemetery listing from William Powers, 2505 Calla Rd., Canfield, OH on April 19, 1991.720 “Hubler Bible Records”---the Bible was in the possesion of Thomas J. Lewis of Warren, OH; however, I could not contact him in 1991, so he might be deceased.721 “Hubler Bible Records”---the Bible was in the possesion of Thomas J. Lewis of Warren, OH; however, I could not contact him in 1991, so he might be deceased.722 Letter with cemetery listing from William Powers, 2505 Calla Rd., Canfield, OH on April 19, 1991.723 Trumbull County Directory as listedt by Ancestry.com.724 “Hubler Bible Records”---the Bible was in the possesion of Thomas J. Lewis of Warren, OH; however, I could not contact him in 1991, so he might be deceased.725 “Hubler Bible Records”---the Bible was in the possesion of Thomas J. Lewis of Warren, OH; however, I could not contact him in 1991, so he might be deceased.726 “Hubler Bible Records”---the Bible was in the possesion of Thomas J. Lewis of Warren, OH; however, I could not contact him in 1991, so he might be deceased.727 “Hubler Bible Records”---the Bible was in the possesion of Thomas J. Lewis of Warren, OH; however, I could not contact him in 1991, so he might be deceased.728 Letter with cemetery listing from William Powers, 2505 Calla Rd., Canfield, OH on April 19, 1991.729 “Hubler Bible Records”---the Bible was in the possesion of Thomas J. Lewis of Warren, OH; however, I could not contact him in 1991, so he might be deceased.730 “Hubler Bible Records”---the Bible was in the possesion of Thomas J. Lewis of Warren, OH; however, I could not contact him in 1991, so he might be deceased.731 “Hubler Bible Records”---the Bible was in the possesion of Thomas J. Lewis of Warren, OH; however, I could not contact him in 1991, so he might be deceased.732 “Hubler Bible Records”---the Bible was in the possesion of Thomas J. Lewis of Warren, OH; however, I could not contact him in 1991, so he might be deceased.733 “Hubler Bible Records”---the Bible was in the possesion of Thomas J. Lewis of Warren, OH; however, I could not contact him in 1991, so he might be deceased.734 Letter with cemetery listing from William Powers, 2505 Calla Rd., Canfield, OH on April 19, 1991.735 “Hubler Bible Records”---the Bible was in the possesion of Thomas J. Lewis of Warren, OH; however, I could not contact him in 1991, so he might be deceased.736 “Hubler Bible Records”---the Bible was in the possesion of Thomas J. Lewis of Warren, OH; however, I could not contact him in 1991, so he might be deceased.737 “Hubler Bible Records”---the Bible was in the possesion of Thomas J. Lewis of Warren, OH; however, I could not contact him in 1991, so he might be deceased.738 Mahoning County, Ohio Newspaper Obituary Abstractions, 1843-1870.739 Letter with cemetery listing from William Powers, 2505 Calla Rd., Canfield, OH on April 19, 1991.740 Newbery, John, Hart, Ruby Newbery and Newbery, R. Steven. Ancestry of the Newbery Family, 1996.741 Newbery, John, Hart, Ruby Newbery and Newbery, R. Steven. Ancestry of the Newbery Family, 1996.742 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 13, 1997.743 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 31, 1997 (she has collected much on the Ague family).

186

THE HUBLER HISTORY

land for each 100 families that they brought. The first Anglo-American settlements were at Washington and San Felipe de Austin on the Brazos River, and at Columbus on the Lower Colorado River.

From 1821 to 1836, the population of Texas increased to about 50,000. Most of the immigrants were from the southern United States. They only pretended to be Catholic, spoke English, did not have much respect for authority, and refused to assimilate. Most importantly, they brought black slaves with them to cultivate cotton. The Anglo-Americans were worried about promised land titles; and as the population increased, they wanted to be separate from the Mexican state. Mexican officials were too busy with internal political problems to give much attention to the new settlers.

Realizing that there were more Anglo-Americans in Texas than Mexicans, the Mexican government restricted further Anglo-American immigration and prohibited the importation of slaves. A Texan army was quickly gathered, and won a series of battles in the fall of 1835. However, the Texas forces were defeated at the Alamo, a former mission in San Antonio. On March 2, 1836, during the 744 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 13, 1997.745 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 31, 1997 (she has collected much on the Ague family).746 E-mail from Doris Williams on Oct. 5, 1997.747 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 31, 1997 (she has collected much on the Ague family).748 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 31, 1997 (she has collected much on the Ague family).749 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 31, 1997 (she has collected much on the Ague family).750 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 31, 1997 (she has collected much on the Ague family).751 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 31, 1997 (she has collected much on the Ague family).752 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 31, 1997 (she has collected much on the Ague family).753 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 31, 1997 (she has collected much on the Ague family).754 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 31, 1997 (she has collected much on the Ague family).755 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 31, 1997 (she has collected much on the Ague family).756 Charles Sandwick updated Jacobsburg on Oct. 9, 1990.757 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton Co 1733-1800. 1991. In CC Library.758 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Lehigh Co 1734-1800. 1992. In CC Library.759Hartzell, Gloria C. Genealogical History of John Francis Huber from Bucks County, PA and His Descendants. From Gloria Hartzell and also Betty Brungard, 1990.760 Records on Tohickon Union Reformed Church on Aencestry.com on Aug. 24,, 2001.761Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated July 21, 1990.762 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Lehigh County 1734-1800. 1992. In CC Library.763 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Northampton Co 1733-1800. 1991. In CC Library.764 IGI Morman Church, from original source, Feb. 14, 1990.765 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Lehigh County 1734-1800. 1992. In CC Library.766 Lynn, John Blair. Annuals of Buffalo Valley, Pennsylvania 1755-1855. Page 392.767 E-mail from John Newbery (jnewbel@juno.com) on Feb. 24, 1998.768Letter from Al Henry, professional researcher, dated Oct. 20, 1990; data from List of Taxable Inhabitants of Bradford Twp., Clearfield Co, PA.769Data from Registrar of Wills, Northampton County, purchased in June, 1990.770 Lynn, John Blair. Annuals of Buffalo Valley, Pennsylvania 1755-1855. Page 322.771 1810 Census, online, un-indexed, Ancestry.com, August 2002.

187

THE HUBLER HISTORY

siege of the Alamo, a convention of American Texans met at Washington-on-the-Brazos and declared independence from Mexico. The Texans defeated Santa Anna and his troops at the Battle of San Jacinto on April 21, 1836. Santa Anna was captured, and forced to recognize Texas’s independence and to withdraw south of the Río Grande.

The Republic of Texas was beset by many problems, principally financial ones. Although Texas had much land, until it was farmed by settlers little money would be available. Mexico refused to recognize the boundaries of Texas, arguing that the treaty signed by Santa Anna claimed territory that was not part of the original state of Tejas. The republic asserted that the Río Grande from its mouth to its source was the western boundary of the new country, which would have given Texas parts of present-day New Mexico and Colorado. Mexico maintained that the southern boundary of Texas should be the Nueces River and not the Río Grande.

772Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Jan 14, 1991.773 Encarta Encyclopedia 2000.774 Charlotte M. Knapp, History of Salona Clinton County, Pennsylvania, 1976 [provided by Nancy Neuman (neuman@jdweb.com)].775 Charlotte M. Knapp, History of Salona Clinton County, Pennsylvania, 1976. 776 Encarta Encyclopedia 2000.777 Charlotte M. Knapp, History of Salona Clinton County, Pennsylvania, 1976. 778 Encarta Encyclopedia 2000.779 Charlotte M. Knapp, History of Salona Clinton County, Pennsylvania, 1976. 780 Encarta Encyclopedia 2000.781 Charlotte M. Knapp, History of Salona Clinton County, Pennsylvania, 1976.782 Justin Houser, professional genealogist, 1277 Valley View Rd., Bellefonte, PA 16823-8913, JKHouser@aol.com in Aug. 2001.783 http://www.rootsweb.com/~paunion/formingunionco.htm.784 Godcharle, Frederic A. Chronicles of Central Pennsylvania. NewYork: Lewis Historical Publishing Co, 1944. Information from the Internet on June 8, 1997 (http://www.rootsweb.com/~paunion/townships.html).785Letter from Nancy Wheaton, Lake City, FL, dated Aug. 6, 1990.786 Lynn, John Blair. Annuals of Buffalo Valley, Pennsylvania 1755-1855. Page 274.787 http://www.rootsweb.com/~paunion/formingunionco.htm788 Geological survey from Internet on March 6, 2001 (http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/gnis/gnisform.html).789 1810 Census, online, un-indexed, Ancestry.com, August 2002.790 Humphrey, John. Pennsylvania Births: Lehigh County 1734-1800. 1992. In CC Library.791 Lynn, John Blair. Annuals of Buffalo Valley, Pennsylvania 1755-1855. .792Will of Nicholas PAUL; copy received from Centre Co Registrar, Aug, 1990.793 1810 Census, online, un-indexed, Ancestry.com, August 2002.794 1810 Census, online, un-indexed, Ancestry.com, August 2002.795Annals of Buffalo Valley , 1811, p 392.796Letter from Recorder of Centre Co; dated June 7, 1990.797Letter from Registrar of Centre Co; dated June 8, 1990.798 Justin Houser, professional genealogist, 1277 Valley View Rd., Bellefonte, PA 16823-8913, JKHouser@aol.com in Aug. 2001.799 Justin Houser, professional genealogist, 1277 Valley View Rd., Bellefonte, PA 16823-8913, JKHouser@aol.com in Aug. 2001.800 Justin Houser, professional genealogist, 1277 Valley View Rd., Bellefonte, PA 16823-8913, JKHouser@aol.com in Aug. 2001.801 Justin Houser, professional genealogist, 1277 Valley View Rd., Bellefonte, PA 16823-8913, JKHouser@aol.com in Aug. 2001.802 Wild, Ron. Volcanoes in History Magazine, Oct/Nov. 2001, p 45.803 Letter from Jean Hubler Carr dated 9/27/1990.

188

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Texas joined the Union on December 29, 1845. Mexico immediately broke off diplomatic relations with the United States. U.S. General (and future U.S. President) Zachary Taylor was ordered to the Río Grande to enforce it as the Texas boundary. [He set up headquarters at Corpus Christi, where W. R. Hubler (1916-1993) settled.] Mexico held that the boundary was the Nueces River, considered Taylor’s advance a provocation and sent troops across the Río Grande. So, Congress declared war on Mexico on May 13, 1846. General Winfield Scott invaded Mexico City, and it fell on September 14, 1847. In the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo on February 2, 1848, Mexico relinquished its claims to Texas, and the United States acquired land that would become the states of California, Nevada, and Utah, and parts of Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, and Wyoming.

Slavery accompanied Southern immigrants to Texas, but the plantation system for growing cotton did not penetrate farther than east Texas. Prior to the Civil War, pro-Union sentiment was strong in west Texas (since it neighbored Mexico and needed federal protection against the attacks of Native Americans) and in central Texas (since German settlers opposed slavery). Although the governor,Sam 804Commemorative Biographical Record of Central PA--Including the counties of Centre, Clearfield, Jefferson, Clairton, Chicago, Beers.., 1898, p 803; received from Nancy Keith Wheaton, dated Sept., 1990.805Commemorative Biographical Record of Central PA--Including the counties of Centre, Clearfield, Jefferson, Clairton, Chicago, Beers.., 1898, p 803; received from Nancy Keith Wheaton, dated Sept., 1990.806Commemorative Biographical Record of Central PA--including Counties of Centre, Clearfield, Jefferson, Clarion. 1898. p 803. Copied by Nancy Weaton at Mongomery County Library, Dayton, Ohio.807 Ohio Wills and Estates to 1850: An Index. In CC Library.8081790 Federal Census.809Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Aug. 2, 1990.8101800 Federal Census.811Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Aug. 2, 1990.8121810 Federal Census.813Letter from Charles Sandwick, dated Aug. 2, 1990.8141810 Federal census.815 1810 Census, online, un-indexed, Ancestry.com, August 2002.8161820 Federal census.817Letter from Jean HUBLER Carr, Morrisdale, PA, dated Oct, 1990.818 1820 Federal Census (on-line).8191830 Federal census.820Letter from Jean HUBLER Carr, Morrisdale, PA, dated Oct, 1990.8211860 Federal Census, Mahoning Co, OH.822 IGI Morman Church, from original source, Feb. 14, 1990.823 IGI Morman Church, from original source, Feb. 14, 1990.824 E-mail from Linda Guerrieri (guerr@erols.com) on Nov. 24, 1997.825 Data from Glori Hand, 609 Parker St., Ft. Collins, CO 80525 received on Dec. 6, 1997.826 E-mail from Loretta Johnson (Johnsou@aol.com) on Nov. 22, 1999, citing internet source without corraberation.827 1850 Census scanned on genealogylibrary.com (FTW).828 E-mail from Justin Houser in May 1999 citing the Philadelphia Inquirer Thurs. Feb. 9, 1865 and History of the illegel arrests and imprisonment of American citizens during the late Civil War by John Marshall.829 E-mail from Billy Maxwell (NU4341@aol.com) cited reference was History of Clearfield Co, Graham Twp., Chaper 38.830 E-mail from Lyn Guerreri (guerr@erols.com) on Nov. 19, 1999.831 GED from Shirley Landry.832 E-mail from Doris Williams (ltcwms@fidnet.com) on Dec. 13, 1997.1777 LDS Internet (http://www.familysearch.org/Search/IGI/igi_individual_frame.asp?recid=AAAAdsAAOAABY2rAAA&ldsnn=12).1778 General Affidavit, Ohio, Mahoning Co Claim for Pension.

189

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Houston strongly opposed secession, in February 1861, delegates voted to secede and join the Confederate States of America. The majority of Texans supported the Confederacy once secession took place. Few Civil War battles were fought in Texas.

After the Civil War ended in 1865, the Southern states that had seceded from the Union were governed by a combination of appointed federal officials and the army until Congress readmitted them to the union. Texas grew rapidly. By 1900, the population of Texas surged over 3 million. In the 1880s, railroads opened new lands across Texas, and farmers flocked to those areas and planted staple crops—wheat, corn, and cotton—encouraged by new mechanical reapers, barbed wire (which helped control wandering cattle), and better farming techniques.

The cattle industry also grew after the Civil War. The Spanish introduced cattle to Texas, but because of the long distance to markets, the cattle had little value. Ranching had been neglected during the Civil War, and vast herds of wild cattle roamed southwestern Texas, where the famed longhorn breed 1779 Mormon Church on internet (http://www.familysearch.org/Search/af/ancestral_file_frame.asp?recid=12215537).1780 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.alt.net) citing the 1900 and 1910 censuses and more.1781 Social Security Records on CD-ROM Sec. III, Ch. 9 by Family Tree Maker.1782 The ‘Master” Social Security Index as displayed on the Internet (www.everton.com) on June 3, 1997.1783 http://www.ssa.gov/history/pdf/briefhistory2000.pdf.1784 E-mail from Don Pedicini, Nov. 1999.1785 Copy of Birth Record e-mailed by Don Pedicini on Nov. 18, 1999.1786 L.D. HUBLER (b 1947).1787Aley, Howard C. A Heritage to Share. The Bicentennial History of Youngstown and Mahoning County, Ohio. 1975. Obtained through CC Interlibrary Loan System, Oct., 1993.1788Letter from the archivist of Ohio North University.1789 E-mail from Don Pedicini (cpeddie@worldnet.alt.net) citing the 1900 and 1910 censuses and more.1790 Certified copy of marriage certification, obtained by W.R. HUBLER, Sr. In 1972 and found in his state papers in 1994.1791 Certified copy of marriage certification, obtained by W.R. HUBLER, Sr. In 1972 and found in his state papers in 1994.1792Helen Shaw remembers.1793School report card.1794Letter from Raymond Burkhart, 1960 Jefferson St., Red Bluff, CA 96080, dated Aug. 10, 1991.1795 School report card.1796 ? Letter from Raymond Burkhart, 1960 Jefferson St., Red Bluff, CA 96080, dated Aug. 10, 1991.1797 Social Securitty Application.1798Data from pay vouchers.1799 Selective Service Registration Certificate.1800School report card.1801Data from pay vouchers.1802Data from pay vouchers.1803Data from pay vouchers.1804Data from pay vouchers.1805School report card.1806 Social Security card.1807 Registration Certificate, April 1942.1808 Medical records, 19444.1809 State of Texas hunting license, Oct. 16, 1965.1810 Medical records, 1944.1811Recollections of author.1812Recollections of author.1813Obituary, Gadsden, AL, newspaper.1814 Records of Collier-Butler Funeral Home.

190

THE HUBLER HISTORY

originated. Before the Civil War, cowboys riding horses had rounded up the cattle and driven them from East Texas to Louisiana markets, but after railroads were built from Chicago to Kansas it was possible to send beef to the large Chicago market. The first major cattle drive all the way from Texas to Kansas took place in 1866. [The cattle drives often began with free-roaming head in south texas, where W. R. HUBLER (1916-1993) lived, and cattle outnumbered people when he settled there in 1847.] As the railroads pushed farther west, the cowboys drove their herds to the railroad terminal points, called cow towns. As the railroads pushed west, they opened new land for growing cotton, which could be shipped to Galveston, Houston, or transported to St. Louis and then into the international trade. By 1890, Texas produced more than one-third of the cotton grown in the United States. [When W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) and his family moved to Corpus Christi in 1947, the 1st bale of the cotton harvest brought a reward to its procreator.]

During World War II, Texas benefited from the rapid construction of defense-related factories. The Gulf Coast became a center of naval activity. [Corpus Christi had one of the world’s largest U. S. Naval bases when W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) and his family moved to Corpus Christi in 1947, and its station is still important to the economy of the area.] Although some of these military sites were shut down after the war ended, many remained open, providing jobs as the nation geared up for the Cold War, the economic and diplomatic struggle between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) that followed World War II.

Although the oil industry was important to the economy of the Gulf Coast, it did not dominate the state’s economy before 1930. The demand for oil and petrochemicals (chemicals based on oil or natural-gas) during and after the war made the strip from Houston to Lake Charles in southwestern Louisiana along the Gulf Coast the most industrialized area in the South.

In the 1960s, the economy of Texas remained centered on oil, defense and agriculture. Oil created new jobs, which attracted new settlers, which in turn encouraged real estate, financial, and manufacturing booms. Farms continued to grow in size, and the 1970 U.S. Census reported that less than 3 percent of the population owned farms. East Texas and west Texas became almost uninhabited, with an occasional island city that served the vast territory. No one discounted the importance of agriculture to the Texas economy, however; somewhere between 20 and 25 percent of the state was involved in the $33 billion “agribusiness” industries. Many towns or cities, for example San Antonio, listed military bases as their major employer. In addition, the location of the manned-space center near Houston and the 1958 development of the microchip attracted high-tech defense contractors to the Houston and Dallas-Fort Worth areas. Although the economy was much different than that of prewar Texas, it remained one based on raw materials and defense.

In the mid-1970s and early 1980s, the Texas economy and population grew spectacularly. The price of Texas oil tripled, and Texas oil profits caused real estate prices to soar, construction to skyrocket, and banks to enjoy unprecedented growth. Texas agriculture, however, suffered from the high oil prices, which increased the cost of running machinery and petrochemical fertilizers and 1815 Hubler family Bible.1816Obituary, Gadsden, AL, newspaper.1817Death certificate, Gadsden, AL.1818 The ‘Master” Social Security Index as displayed on the Internet (www.everton.com) on June 3, 1997.1819 Newspaper article, Gadsden, AL.1820 Certificate of Marriage, in the estate papers of Mabel Taylor (1906-1991).1821 Certificate of Birth, Atlanta, GA.; found in the estate papers of Mabel Orr Taylor (1906-1991).1822 The Gadsden Times, page 1, July 10, 1939; in the estate papers of Mabel Taylor (1906-1991).1823 Remberances of the author.1824Newspaper obituary in Gadsden, AL, Feb. 12, 1991.1825 Conversation with Marie (Mrs. Richard) Dotson at the Master’s dinner at the AAD convention in Washington, D. C. on 2/12/96.1826 Memories of author.1827Newspaper obituary in Gadsden, AL, Feb. 12, 1991.1828Last will and testament, filed in Corpus Christi, Nueces Co, TX.

191

THE HUBLER HISTORY

pesticides. Nevertheless, the economic boom brought 2.5 million people to Texas between 1970 and 1985.

In the early 1980s, after world oil demand decreased and the embargo collapsed, oil prices dropped quickly. Real estate and banking fell into a depression that was accented by a reduction in the increase in defense spending, particularly after the end of the Cold War. By the mid-1980s, the Texas economy had been badly damaged.Beginning in 1989 the state’s economy improved, and lost its reliance on raw materials industries. Service industries, high-tech companies, finance, and trade all prospered in the 1990s. The number of people in trade and trade-related jobs increased, but Texas has also continued to lose petroleum-related and defense jobs. In addition, Texas farmers faced drought conditions in the late 1990s. Texas’s population grew by 1.5 million in the early 1990s, making the state the second largest in the country—after California. In the 1980s and 1990s, the largest immigrant group came from south of the U.S. border, mostly from Mexico, but also from other Latin American countries. Mexican immigration to Texas, both legal and illegal, has made Hispanics the largest minority in the state. Demographers predict that by 2010 Texas will have a population composed of 36.7 percent non-Hispanic whites; 9.5 percent blacks; 45.9 percent Hispanics and 7.9 percent of other racial and ethnic groups.

Nueces County, Texas

The early history of Corpus Christi and Nueces County is shrouded in mystery, partly because (1) the area was remote; (2) the region’s was a buffer zone between Mexico and the United States filled with entrepreneurs with shady allegiance to Mexico or Texas, and (3) all records were lost when the Hurricane of 1919 destroyed the official repositories in Nueces County.

Controversy rages among local historians about the first visitation of Europeans. Most say that the Spaniard, Alonzo Alvarez de Pineda, sailed off shore on the Feast of Corpus Christi Day in 1519 and named the bay after the religious day, Corpus Christi.1829 Pineda was 25 years old when he was sent from Jamaica by the governor of the Spanish colony, Francisco de Garay, who financed the expedition with the intention of finding riches along the southern coast of the Gulf of Mexico. Some historians believe that the governor of Jamaica was competing with his Cuban counterpart who sent Hernado Cortez to Mexico. Pineda mapped nearly 600 miles of Gulf Coast shoreline, including rivers and bays. When he arrived in Vera Cruz in late 1519, Pineda found Cortez (who in the ensuing two years had conquered the Aztecs and had captured tons of gold) and had to evade capture by Cortez (who jealously guarded the land and riches that he had claimed for his Cuban benefactor). Pineda’s map is now in Seville, Spain.1830, 1831

A few groups of Spaniards may have trod the soil in Nueces Tract, but it is clear that the indigenous Native Americans, the Karankawas, and the migratory Native Americans, the Comanches, ruled the area for 250 years before the first European discovered the land.

The Karankawa Indians were unique. The ancestral origins of the tribe are not clear, but some believe that they sailed by canoe from the Caribbean Islands thousands of years before their contact with the Old World. Reputed to be gigantic (6’ 6” tall as opposed to the 5”2” European men of the time), primitive, war-like and cannibalistic, the coastal Indians migrated along the Gulf coast living off seafood and shellfish caught from the shallow bays and berries and plants growing at the edge of the marshes. The Karankawa left no buildings, and there have been few campsites or burials found for these elusive residents. White settlers eventually decimated the Karankawa, and by 1820, their last group disappeared, and their tribe became extinct.

“Nueces” means “nuts” in Spanish. By legend, Spanish conquistadors or Mexican vaqueros were impressed by the natural occurrence of pecan trees growing along the major river in South Texas and named the waterway after the trees. Many years later when Texas became an organized entity, the county was named after its river, Nueces.

A few Mexican rancheros and vaqueros dared the desolate terrain and war-like Indians to scratch out existence in South Texas in the 1700’s; and it was not until the 1820’s that empresarios

192

THE HUBLER HISTORY

brought Irish and German immigrants that the population of the isolated country climbed. In 1839, Henry Kinney founded a trading post, which eventually evolved into Corpus Christi.

The history of Nueces County began when Texas became a state in the USA in 1845. A rural area whose bovine population outnumbered people, Nueces County has survived many desperate times from economic depressions to hurricane-induced disasters. The cultures of the United States, Europe and Mexico combine and clash along a beautiful bay whose economy is based on trade, oil, tourism and the military. Into this mosaic, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) moved his family in 1947.

193

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Winthrope R. HUBLER, Sr. (1916 -1993)

Winthrope R. HUBLER, Sr. (July 31, 1916 Youngstown, OH-Sept. 20, 1993 Corpus Christi, TX)

Marie Theresa Seale (Nov. 18, 1918 Jennings, LA-Jan. 29, 1988 Corpus Christi, TX) (m 1942)Winthrope R. HUBLER, Jr. (b July 9, 1945 Cleveland, OH) (m Sherron Forrester)

Holly Michelle HUBLER (b Oct. 23, 1978 Corpus Christi, TX)Lloyd David HUBLER (b Nov. 9, 1947 Youngstown, OH) (m Nancy Flodine)

Richard Andrew HUBLER (b Jan. 6, 1976 Wichita, KS)Brian Davis HUBLER (b Oct. 24, 1978 Dallas, TX)

Helen Mullen (b June 28, 1934 Waco, TX) (m 1974)

Winthrope R. HUBLER, Sr. (1916-1993) was born on July 31, 1916 in Youngstown, Ohio. His father, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) and his mother, Edith WEBER (1883-1951), married in Cleveland, Ohio in 1913. Three years later, along came W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993). His birth was not easy because of his mother's fragile health. Parental animosity soon arose at his home, and his parents often separated while W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was a child. He spent his youth shuttling between his mother's hometown of Jackson, Michigan and his father's residence of Birmingham (Ensley), Alabama. He attended 6th grade in Jackson, Michigan at Wilson Elementary School1832 and the 8th and 9th grades (1929 and 1930) at Ensley Minor School (in 1930, grade 8, his grades were mostly “S+” and his report cards were signed by Mrs. L.L. HUBLER and the address was 2621 18th Court St., Ensley, AL);1833 and high school at Ensley High School (his report cards were signed by Mrs. L.L. HUBLER and the address was 2621 18th Court St., Ensley, AL from Jan. 1830 until Jan. 1832, and then his report cards were signed by Mrs. L.L. HUBLER and the address was 2608 18th Court St., Ensley, AL from Jan. 1932 through Jan. 24, 1934).1834 Ensley was a Birmingham, Alabama suburb; and the schools are part of the Birmingham School system. In 1934, he was a staff member of his high school newspaper, The Yellow Jacket.1835 He made mostly A's and high B's in high school.1836 When W.R. HUBLER (1916-19931933) graduated from high school on Jan. 24, 1934, his name was listed on the diploma as "Winthrope Robert HUBLER" and had his degree in the “Arts.”1837

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) entered Howard College on Jan. 29, 1934. His local address was 2516 Ensley Ave., Ensley, AL, and he was living at home with his father, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972), a civil engineer. His religious preference was “Presbyterian.” He took PE (F), Composition (A), Inorganic chemistry (A) and European history (A). His name was recorded on the school enrollment papers as "Winthrope HUBLER."1838 Howard College is now Samford University (800 Lake Shore Drive, Birmingham, AL 35229). Transcripts from Howard College were sent to the University of Alabama (7/34), the University of Indiana (1/36), the University of Virginia (1/36) and Birmingham Southern College (3/35).1839 He transferred to Birmingham Southern College (Arkadelphia Road, Birmingham, AL 35254) in the spring of 1935 and was a full time student through the spring term of 1937.1840 His address was 2824 16th Place, N. Birmingham, AL. His father was a “draftsman,” and his religious preference was “Baptist.” He made A's and B's except for a C in poetry appreciation.1841 Birmingham Southern College still operates and as currently one of the best small colleges in the South. [Birmingham Southern College is a four-year collegiate liberal arts institution founded in 1856 and operates under the auspices of the Alabama-West Florida and North Alabama Conferences of the United Methodist Church. The campus includes 188 wooded acres in the western section of Birmingham. The college currently has 1,562 students enrolled.]1842

L.L. HUBLER (1886-1963) and his son, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993), lived in Ensley until 1937 when L.L. HUBLER (1886-1963) moved to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) moved to Chicago, Illinois to attend medical school at Northwestern Medical School. The official transcript of Northwestern Medical School showed that Winthrope R. HUBLER (1916-1993) began as a freshman on Sept. 29, 1937, earned a Bachelor of Medicine on June 14, 1941 and a

194

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Doctor of Medicine on June 13, 1942. He made all A's and B's except for one C in histology in the 1st quarter of his freshman year.1843 He did a rotating internship at Charity Hospital, New Orleans, Louisiana from June 1941 until June 1942 where he received the paltry annual salary of $100 for one of the most demanding jobs of the day.1844

His mother, Edith HUBLER (1883-1951), followed W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) everywhere throughout his life. A domineering, religious women, she monitored his every move and scrutinized his choices in life. Later, he would rebel; but her presence certainly influenced his life.

While W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was an intern in New Orleans (he completed his internship on June 13, 1942), he met a dark haired, blue-eyed Louisiana beauty, Marie Theresa Seale (1918-1988). She was a registered nurse at Charity Hospital who years later delighted in telling unsuspecting persons that they met in the Venereal Disease clinic.1845 On May 20, 1942, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) married Marie Theresa Seale (1918-1988). His mother, Edith WEBER (1883-1951), attended the nuptials; but his father, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1963), did not. It is doubtful that his parents ever attended anything together; their separation was complete. Most of her Seale family was there in New Orleans at the spring wedding. A honeymoon trip was to Mississippi and was short—there was little time-off for interns and nurses, and his picayune salary further limited their travel.

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) started a dermatology residency at University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio (Case Western Reserve) under Dr. Howard Cole as Assistant Resident from July 1, 1942 to June 30, 1943 and Resident from July 1, 1943 to Jan. 11, 1944; 1846 but he found that too much of his time was spent on syphilis there, and he wanted to move his training to Cleveland Clinic. The irascible Dr. Cole would not let him leave, unless he could find a replacement. (His description of the hard-nosed Dr. Cole was not nice, but throughout all years in practice, he proudly displayed an autographed photo of Dr. Cole on the wall at his office.)1847 Anyway, he arranged for Dr. James Strough (now in dermatology practice in San Antonio, TX) to finish his time at Case Western, and he completed his training at Cleveland Clinic from Jan. 1944 to Aug. 1945 under the world-renowned (and very nice) dermatologist, Dr. Netherton. The only problem was that they did not have a residency program in dermatology established at Cleveland Clinic yet, so he was given the position of "Special Fellow in Dermatology" and was salaried at a much higher rate than the residents in other fields at Cleveland Clinic and his old residency position at Case Western.1848, 1849 Dr. Netherton often wrote personal, warm letters to W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) for years after he completed his residency.

Marie Seale (1918-1993) worked at Mt. Sinai Hospital in Cleveland, Ohio as a head nurse, and W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) made $1,000 or more a year as a “Special Fellow.” His address in Cleveland during his training at University Hospitals (Case Western) was 1862 East 101st St., Cleveland, OH.1850 The couple had their first child, W.R. HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945), on July 9, 1945. Marie Seale (1918-1988) worked until three weeks before delivery, which happened fast. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) almost missed the birth.

It was difficult to break the HUBLER foothold in Ohio, and W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) returned to the family stronghold of Youngstown, Ohio to practice after finishing his medical (dermatological) training in Cleveland, Ohio in 1945. He began dermatology practice in Youngstown at 244 Lincoln Ave. (a four-story building including the basement which served as house and office; purchased from Dr. Fred Norris in Aug. 1945 for $10,000 on "doctor's row;" 1851 however, in March 2000, the whole block had no buildings at all1852) in association with Dr. Claude B. Norris1853 (Dr. Norris retired at age 60),1854 and he announced the opening of his practice at 244 Lincoln Ave. on Sept. 10, 1945. He was examined and received a Certificate in Dermatology by the American Board of Dermatology and Syphilology on July 1, 1947.1855 But, snow flakes and graphite particles from all the steel foundries in Youngstown polluted the air.1856 In late 1947, tried of cold, smoggy Ohio, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) left a lucrative, successful dermatological practice in Youngstown and took his two sons and wife to Texas to begin a new life far from HUBLER country in Ohio and his family.1857

195

THE HUBLER HISTORY

Seeking a place for himself and his family, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) when south to find the “right” spot and scouted out Lake Charles, LA and Corpus Christi, TX. The latter won out.

In 1948, Corpus Christi, Texas was a sleepy town with a population of 90,0001858 on the Gulf of Mexico. The economy of the town was based on farming, an infant oil industry and a World War II vintage US Naval Air Station. It was a perfect spot for W. R. HUBLER (1916-1993) and his family. The smog and snow of Ohio were far left behind for the clear, sunny skies and sand of South Texas. Although Corpus Christi was about 100 years old, growth had been slow; and lifestyles remained rural. Most of the residents were Anglo American with an increasing Hispanic population; however, cattle outnumbered people. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) hunkered down to begin a practice in dermatology, which would last almost 40 years.

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) and Marie Seale (1918-1988) bought a house at 2824 Devon Dr., Corpus Christi, Texas from Mr. and Mrs. Urban B. Jackson on June 2, 1948 and had a 10-year mortgage of $5,592 annually.1859 Marie Seale (1918-1988), 3 year-old W.R. (Billy) HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945 ) and 11-month old Lloyd (Davey) HUBLER (b 1946) arrived in September 1948.

After practicing for about one and one half years in an old house near Spohn Hospital and in the second floor of a two story building at 460 Clifford St. near Six Points in Corpus Christi, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) opened his permanent practice at 1510 S. Brownlee Blvd [a triangle of land in the bright, bustling area of Corpus Christi bought by W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) in early 1949] on Nov. 15, 1950.1860 (The building was a Jewish synagogue whose congregation had outgrown the synagogue.)1861 The structure had few partitions, so W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) divided it. As time went by, he rented part to a dentist (Dr. John Peterson) and later a bookkeeper (Mr. Obmermiller). However, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1933) stayed there until he retired in 1986, even though the neighborhood fell into disrepair and became left in the "bad" part of town as Corpus Christi grew southward leaving Brownlee Blvd. behind. (In 1999, Six Points began a resurgence in commerce, and some local businessmen began to extol the benefits of the area.)

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was in medical school during World War II, and so was exempted from military duty; but in 1953 Uncle Sam called, and he was drafted on April 9, 19531862 when he was 37. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) hated the military and especially the prospect of being in a “trench” with the U. S. Army, so he immediately contacted his local U. S. Congressional Representative (a personal friend and a patient) and Texas Senator to have his draft noticed recalled. The only way out of the dilemma was to join the U. S. Navy for a three-year stint (vs. two years in the Army) [also, with a higher rank (and higher pay) and a better station].1863 Thus, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) enlisted as a Lt. Commander on May 29, 1953.1864 His draft notice was cancelled on April 30, 1953.

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) contracted with a dermatologist (Dr. William Best who later practiced dermatology in Corpus Christi until he died in an accident) to take his medical practice and rented his house in Corpus Christi while he was in Navy. For three years, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was a Lt. Commander in the US Navy and was stationed at Long Island, New York City (May 1953-Feb. 1954), Yokasuka, Japan (Feb. 1954-April 1955), and Treasure Island, Oakland, California (April 1955-Nov. 1955). Quarterly assessment of his performance as a military office by his varying commanding captains uniformly praised him as a man and physician (intelligence, judgment, initiative, loyalty, etc.); however, not surprisingly, he was not considered “highly adaptable to military service.”1865 [In many ways, he liked the pomp of the military (especially since he had a high rank on “the food chain),” but he was always uncomfortable with the regimentation and the loss of control.] He was honorably discharged on Nov. 30, 1955 (# 569585).

It was after the Korean Conflict, but the Far East bristled with guns and jingoism. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) had an exalted position as the only Navy dermatologist in the theater, but he did not like the military, despite the terrific tours of duty in New York, Japan and California. He was anxious to return to civilian life in Texas.

After his military service, Corpus Christi and his medical practice grew steadily; and W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) became a masterful, respected dermatologist and citizen of South Texas; and his wife, Marie Seale (1918-1988), became an avante-guard matriarch of social and educational

196

THE HUBLER HISTORY

attitudes in the community. However, W.R HUBLER (1916-1993) did not forget his roots. He cared for his mother, Edith WEBER (1883-1951), his maternal great aunt, Tina WEBER, and her husband, Fred Larkey, from Jackson, Michigan and his father, L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972), from Gadsden, Alabama--all of whom moved to Corpus Christi when they retired; and he frequently visited with his HUBLER kinfolk in Youngstown, Ohio.

As was her custom to be always near her son, Edith WEBER (1883-1951) moved to Corpus Christi soon after W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) in 1948. She rented a small house or apartment and lived there until she returned to her sister's home in Jackson, Michigan in 1950. After Edith WEBER (1883-1951) died in Michigan in 1851, her brother-in-law, Fred Larkey, retired; and Fred and Tina Larkey moved to Corpus Christi in 1952 and bought a small house. Fred Larkey died in Corpus Christi about two years later and Tina WEBER Larkey lived in a nursing home until she died in 1961. L.L. HUBLER (1886-1972) lived in Corpus Christi at the HUBLER home on Devon St. after his retirement in 1957 until he returned to Gadsden to be with his old girlfriend and future second wife, Mabel Taylor in 1960.

W. R. HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945) was a typical first child—intense, independent and abrasive, and he often was introspective and enjoyed solitude. When he developed a slowly progressive ataxia in high school, his affliction made him focus his intensity toward achievement; and he aimed his abilities toward a medical career. His dreams of success would have been dashed without the support of his cheerleader family. In 1965, he left home for college.

David HUBLER (b 1947) had a different personality. He was a jovial juvenile who often watched with amusement as his brother, W. R. HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945), railed against the establishment. He excelled in all intellectual and physical activity. Clever and innovative, he decided on a medical career almost as a challenge. When David HUBLER (b 1947) left home for school in 1967, the quiet must have been deafening.

With proud parental support, both of the sons of W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) decided to pursue medical careers. Their elder son, W.R. HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945), attended Baylor University in Waco, Texas and the University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston, Texas while the younger boy, Lloyd David HUBLER (b 1947), was a UT student all the way through medical school. Both sons married while in medical training and grandchildren followed. Later, Lloyd David HUBLER (b 1947) specialized in orthopedic surgery and settled in Dallas, Texas; and W.R. (Bill) HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945) returned to Corpus Christi to join his father in dermatological medicine.

In the late 1960's, there was trouble in the HUBLER home in Corpus Christi. With their "nest" empty in 1967, Marie Seale (1918-1988) and W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) could not cope. She sought help in the bottomless pit of dipsomania, and he stepped in the quicksand of cupidity. The couple separated. It must have brought back all of the memories of his parental estrangement, and W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) could not handle the solitude and rejection. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) and Marie Seale (1918-1988) were divorced in on May 1, 1972. It was not amicable.

Shortly afterward, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) met Helen Mullen (b 1934) at the Veterans Clinic that was next door to his office on Brownlee Blvd. He owned the building, and as usual for him, he did the small maintenance jobs to save money and because he had the skills of a handyman, as well as, a dermatologist. It was on one of the fix-it chores that he met Helen Mullen. Later, she would laugh when she recalled that she fell for a janitor, since she did not know who he was. Helen Mullen was a social worker for the Veterans Administration and gave W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) the psychological and emotional support, the vitality and the joie de vivre that he craved and needed after his divorce from Marie Seale (1918-1988). It later became clear that her apparent pristine attributes may have hidden ulterior motives, but it is clear that she gave W. R. HUBLER (1916-1993) succor and understanding.

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) married Helen Mullen (b 1934) on a cruise off Italy (the Isle of Capri) by the ship's captain on October 20, 1974 with Dr. and Mrs. Herb Madelin of Corpus Christi as witnesses. They liked traveling, especially cruises, and were happily married. In 1975, his son, W.R. HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945), joined his medical practice. At last, his life at home and at work had once again became intellectually stimulated, peaceful and productive.

197

THE HUBLER HISTORY

In November 1985, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) while he was stopped at a left turn signal, his car was struck from behind by Dr. Luis Banbandiaran in Corpus Christi. The collision was minor and caused no significant damage to his vehicle. However, the accident occurred a few weeks before his memory loss began, and he blamed his condition on the wreck and sued the driver. But really, the symptoms gradually appeared years before as the memory of W. R. HUBLER (1916-1993) slowly began to fail, and the accident only accelerated the condition. [Recently, studie have shown that persons with a genetic predisposition for Alzheimer’s disease may be very susceptible to developing Alzheimer’s disease after brain damage, such as, strokes, head injuries (which might be mild or even after a loss of consciousness) or open-heart surgery. 1866 Thus, the trauma might have accelerated a mild cognitive impairment. Thus, his claim might have had legitimacy. Also, his uncle, Edwin HUBLER, suffered head trauma before the onset of dementia, and his grandfather, A.W. Hubler (1942-1921) might have suffered trauma, too.] At first, he was able to compensate for 1829Briscoe, Eugenia Reynolds. City by the Sea: A History of Corpus Christi, Texas, 1519-1875. In personal library.1830 Corpus Christi Caller-Times, June 26, 1994.1831 Garcia, Cleotilde. Captain Alonso Alvarez de Pineda.1832 School report card.1833Certificat of promotion to Ensley Minor School to Ensley High School.1834 Report cards.1835 The Yellow Jacket, copy in scrapbook collected by Marie Seale (1918-1988).1836 Report cards.1837 Graduation invitation.1838Transcript from Howard College, Birmingham, AL, papers in the estate of W.R. HUBLER (1916-19931994).1839Transcript from Howard College, Birmingham, AL, in personal file.1840Letter from Records Office, Birmingham-Southern College, dated Sept. 18, 1990, in personal file.1841 Transcript from Birmingham-Southern College in the estate papers of W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993).1842 Obtained from the Internet on June 7, 1997 (http://www.bsc.edu/cgi-bin/counter.pl/misc/glance.htm).1843Transcript from Northwestern Medical School, Chicago, IL, in personal file.1844Author's personal recollections.1845Author's personal recollections.1846Letter from University Hospital of Cleveland, dated Dec. 10, 1990, in personal file.1847Author's personal recollections.1848Letter from The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, dated Sept. 25, 1990, in personal file.1849Author's personal recollections.1850Letter from University Hospital of Cleveland, dated Dec. 10, 1990, in personal file.1851 Notation on the back of a photo of Lincoln Ave. in handwriting of Marie Seale.1852 E-mail Don Pedeeicine on March 7, 2000.1853 Letterhead on stationary.1854 Notation on the back of a photo of Lincoln Ave. in handwriting of Marie Seale.1855 Certificate in the estate of W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993).1856Aley, Howard C. A Heritage to Share. The Bicentennial History of Youngstown and Mahoning County, Ohio. 1975. Obtained through CC Interlibrary Loan System, Oct., 1993.1857Author's personal recollections.1858Christmas newsletter, dated Dec. 21, 1956.1859Deed to house on Devon, in personal file.1860 Announcement in Corpus Christi Caller.1861Article about the history of the Jewish Synagogue in Corpus Christi Caller-Times, Oct. 25, 1993.1862 Selective Service System letter in the estate papers of W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993).1863 Author’s personal recollections.1864 Official records of U. S. Navy in estate papers, 1994.

198

THE HUBLER HISTORY

the defect; but by 1986, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was diagnosed as having Alzheimer's disease, and he had to retire from his medical practice in December 1988. He did wanted to retire, but there was no choice. He sued Dr. Bandandiaran for his loss and received an out-of-court settlement.

His family watched in horror as a disease without a known cause or cure destroyed his mind. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) lived at home with his wife, Helen Mullen , until Nov. 3, 1990 when his physical and mental disabilities became uncontrollable; and he was incarcerated in Westwood Manor Nursing Center in Corpus Christi.

Always walking, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) enjoyed the warmth of sunlight as he ambulated in the outdoor, secure patio for patients at the nursing home. His skin tanned (an anathema to the sunlight-conscious dermatologist that he was before). His hair grayed (from the brown that he had maintained with hair dye). His 5'11" frame remained unbowed and rail thin (he never had a weight problem despite ingesting mounds of fattening food). All in all, the physical status of W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) remained good. Although he existed in a world of his own and did not recognize his surroundings, he seemed happy and did not show the violence that is so characteristic of Alzheimer's Disease. (He had some violent times at home before his nursing home time, but he received some sedating medicine at the nursing center, so his existence there was sweet, cooperative and peaceful.) However, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) could no longer remember his roots, family or personal history. Helen Mullen visited him several times a week, and she always brought him ice cream "goodies" for his insatiable sweet tooth. Before his affliction began, he said that he was allergic to ice cream; but with his memory gone, he relaxed and reveled in the "Blizzards" from Dairy Queen. His daughter-in-law, Sherron HUBLER, often visited him, and his long-time employee, Edith Scott, was a regular, faithful visitor. His son, W.R. HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945), seldom saw him because he could not cope with the death of his father's mind, and it was difficult to go to the nursing home in a wheelchair, but he vicariously visited W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) through the ones who saw him often.

In September 1993, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) broke a hip. It was a spontaneous fracture, which is the most common break in older people. The hip was replaced successfully, but he forgot how to walk. A week after the surgery, he returned to the nursing home, but the quality of his life was different as he was trapped in bed, silently starring at the ceiling of his room. At about 9 o'clock in the evening of Monday, Sept. 20, 1993, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) suddenly died.1867 The cause of death is unknown, but he probably suffered a cardiac arrhythmia or pulmonary embolus. A postmortem examination of his brain tissue was performed by a nueropathologist at Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, Texas. The histopathology report confirmed the clinical diagnosis—advanced Alzheimer’s disease.

Services were held at the Cage-Mills Funeral Home on Everhart Rd. in Corpus Christi at 2 P.M. on Sept. 23, 1993, and he was interred in the Oakwood Cemetery in Waco, Texas on September 24, 1933 in the Mullen family plot next to a spot saved for his wife, Helen Mullen.1868,1869 His Social Security number was 459-76-7195.1870

When the will was read, a dark side of Helen Mullen was revealed.1871 In 1989, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) and Helen Mullen signed mirror image trusts, as well as, wills. The trusts were complex. At that time in 1989, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was not competent to draft or understand such a will or trust. He had already been tested, and the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease was made. He knew the prognosis. His disease had taken his mind; and although his quiet, affable demeanor might have hidden the gravity of his situation, any decision-making or conversation would reveal his problem. (In 1990 he would become a permanent resident of a nursing home and was unable to recognize anyone.) His will named Helen Mullen as the sole beneficiary, except for his 1865 Military records obtained from the National Archives and Records Administration on Dec. 20. 1997.1866 The Harvard Mental Health Letter, vol 18, number 4 , October 2001.1867Author's personal recollections.1868Author's personal recollections.1869Obituary, Corpus Christi Caller-Times, Oct. 22, 1993.1870 The ‘Master” Social Security Index as displayed on the Internet (www.everton.com) on June 3, 1997.

199

THE HUBLER HISTORY

jewelry [W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) disliked jewelry and had very little]. Furthermore, anyone who challenged the will in court would be removed as any beneficiary. Obviously, Helen Mullen had influenced the final wishes of W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993); and in effect, she had disinherited his sons.

Hurt and angered by the situation, David HUBLER (b 1947) and W.R. HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945) filed suit to declare that their father was incompetent in 1989 when the will/trusts were written, and thus he died intestate. Helen Mullen declared that she did not know of an earlier will. The estate suit was settled out of court, but the turmoil was an unsettling end to the life of W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993).

Vignettes of Winthrope R. Hubler

Stories abound about W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993).1872 He was a very complex man who was profoundly influenced by his past and valiantly fought to subjugate his dark side and illuminate his good features. I like to think of his life like a beautiful South Sea archipelago. Surrounding the island is a protective barrier reef, which is analogous to his dark side, his past. In good times, the reef is an invisible shield encircling the beach. However, whenever the tide is low or when the weather is inclement, the reef becomes visible and often fragments anything, good or bad, that tries to cross. Thus, many of his quirks were simply manifestations of his past that got out of his control; and the vignettes below are not meant to ridicule him or trivialize his grandeur.

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) liked cars and usually had several “spares.” He liked to work on them and usually recruited his sons for a "five minute job" that invariably stretched into half a day. He talked the local automobile parts dealer into giving him a volume discount on his never-ending fleet of cars. The HUBLER family of Corpus Christi, Texas usually drove to Eunice, Louisiana to spend the holidays with the Seals, and often W. R. Hubler (1916-1993) would stop in Houston, Texas on the way there to shop for a new or used car and then purchase the vehicle on the way back. Thus, the HUBLERs almost always had a new car each year. Auto safety was always of paramount importance, which meant big and heavy, and so Lincolns and Cadillacs were his choice.

When he was born on Sunday, July 31, 1916, a loaf of bread cost $.07; a gallon of milk, $.37; a new car, $360; a new home, $3,395 and the average annual income was $1,359. Woodrow Wilson was President, and Thomas Marshall was Vice President.1873

Known as a tightwad, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was a shrewd businessman whose deals turned on cents. His miserly ways probably resulted from his tumultuous upbringing as an only child reared by a domineering mother and supple father who separated when he was a child. Also, the Great Depression undoubtedly affected a teenager who lived in tough times. His first wife, Marie Seale (1918-1988), was open and generous, and the contrast bolstered his reputation for parsimony. Tips for waitresses depended on his pocket coinage, not service; and he often hid pennies under the plates, so his avarice would not be noticed. At train stations, he would jump from his car and run ahead to fend off porters, while his family doggedly struggled with the luggage. It saved tip money. At work, he ordered his staff to limit their washroom and bathroom use to one paper towel and one sheet of toilet paper each. He even bought toilet paper dispensers that would only produce one sheet at a time! To save room at his office, he intalled lilliputian lavatories that he purchased from trailers or airliners. Men would have to decide wether to sit or stand at the toilet before entering the room. His sons learned to ask their mother for financial help, and she would intercede with him for them. But, sometimes he would be very generous and magnanimous.

When in Japan, he became friends with junior officers and often used his superior rank to get his friend in the Officers’ Club that barred junior grade officers. One of his friends, Dr. Tom Dooley, was active in a distant country, Viet Nam, and wrote several books about his experiences (Hear No Evil and Deliver Us From Evil). The Viet Nam War was 15 years later, but even then, there was trouble.

1872Author's personal recollections.1873 Time Chronical, a newspaper found in the estate papers of W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993)

200

THE HUBLER HISTORY

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) collected antique American and Japanese guns until almost his whole collection was stolen from his home in 1971. When he was stationed in Japan, he scoured the shops searching for antique bargains. He continued the practice at home, but became discouraged when the burglars took his efforts. (Years later, a salesman at Oshman's Sporting Goods who had sold him contemporary hunting rifles was arrested for the robbery, but the guns were gone.) Years later, he collected American commemorative and antique guns, and they were part of his estate received by David HUBLER (B 1947), and the few remaining oriental firearms were part of the settlement received by W.R. HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945).

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) enjoyed hunting and fishing with his father and sons. Another family sporting tradition was tennis. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) played tennis for his college team and encouraged his sons to chase the same ball. Always cognizant of sports injuries, he refused to allow his sons to participate in contact sports. That was no problem with his elder son, W.R. Hubler, Jr. (b 1947), who was a worthless wimp in school sports, but the admonishment was a hindrance for David Hubler (b 1947) whose gargantuan graces and athletic abilities made for fantastic football fodder, but no way. Tennis courts were ideally situated across from the HULER family home on Devon Drive, and the ping sounds of ball and racquet often reverberated in the yard as he taught his tricks. (Both sons became proficient players of tennis, won honors on school teams and hosted tournament tours at home.) Warped racquet presses (that was before metal and plastic frames), scalped wooden racquets, worn-out tennis shoes and “dead” balls filled the HUBLER den and yelled success. Backyard softball, swimming, golf and bowling were also permissible family-shared sports.

Travel always appealed to W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993), especially cruises; and he went to all the States and many foreign countries. He especially enjoyed plying the Caribbean, Aegean and Alaskan Seas on large cruise ships. He enjoyed all the amenities of luxury cruising, but most of all, he savored the food. He never met a meal that he did not like, even though he was persnickety about some foods. So, he delighted in all-you-can-eat repasts, bottomless buffets and cavernous cafeterias, and devoured his way through the multi-course, eight meals a day served on cruise ships. Even though he ate thousands of pounds of food during his lifetime, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) always remained slim.

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) liked community/social clubs and joined the Rotary Club in Youngstown when he lived there and continued his membership at the Downtown and then the Six Points Rotary Clubs in Corpus Christi. At one time, he also joined the Exchange and Kiwanis Clubs in Corpus Christi. Sometimes, he would attend meetings in distant cities while he was on family vacations. He did not like the food at a Corpus Christi Chinese restaurant (Chung Mai which has now closed) when the Rotarians met there, and instead frequently partook in the fried chicken and camaraderie at the Taft Rotary Club.

Always slim (in 1953 he weighed 152 pounds at age 37),1874 and in 1968, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) weighed 150 pounds at age 49 and had a 5 foot 11 1/4 inch height and had gray eyes.1875

In his 60s, he was obsessed with staying young, and he succeeded. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) always lied about his age and registered his birth year as 1918 whenever possible. He would have characterized it as a benign prevarication or as a mistake, but it was intentional. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) dyed his graying hair black, had a face lift and cosmetic rhinoplasty, refused to wear the “old-age” glasses that his presbyopic eyes needed, worried obsessively about his weight, exercise and musculature, dated stewardesses many years younger than himself, attended wild parties, married someone who was decades his junior, hated to introduce me as his son since that would expose his age, and more. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was very proud of the fact that no one would have guessed his age and that everyone believed that he was many years younger than he really was.

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) developed bowel trouble as an adult. [His mother had also suffered bowel pain and sought medical attention on many occasions at Northwestern Medical Center in Chicago when W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was attending medical school there.] He first 1874 U.S. Naval Reserve Identification Card.1875 Resident Hunting License, dated Sept. 5, 1968.

201

THE HUBLER HISTORY

noted soft, frequent stools in October 1953. It was a problem that plagued him for years. He thought it might have been caused by non-tropical sprue and was evaluated by several physicians (and was treated empirically with sulfas and tetracyclines), and applied to the U. S. Navy for disability for the condition in 1958. The Navy determined that the diarrhea was a food allergy (by dietary elimination), and his claim was denied. Subsequently, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) ate baby food, drank special distilled water with mineral additives, used daily cleansing enemas and more during most of his life. His family endured (and shared in some of his routines, such as, drinking his special water that was mixed by a pharmacist, but refused to partake in the pre-chewed baby food). W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) blamed the neurological condition of his son at one time on malabsorbtion syndrome or on diabetes. Interestingly, both of his sons in adulthoood develop diarrhea when ingesting monosodium glutamate, garlic and some food preservatives.

When W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was a young man, he wore clear plastic-rimed eyeglasses. He did not like to wear them and stridently voided being photographed with spectacles on; however, a few pictures exist which show them. Since W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) did not usually wear them, it is patent that his vision was almost normal. I suspect that they were mostly used to correct a minor distant vision defect. In older age, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) needed glasses for close vision, so called “short-arm” or “old-age” spectacles, and he really hated those. At work as a dermatologist, he constantly wore magnification loops (4-6 x magnification), which many skin physicians wear. So, his need for glasses was negated by the use of the loops. Clearly, his need for vision correction was minimal.

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was a strong believer in preventative medicine. Much to the dislike of his eldest son, W.R. HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945) [who usually hid under his bed and had to be dragged out screaming for a shot, while his younger brother, L. David HUBLER (b 1947) smiled and offered his arm], he vaccinated his family against all infections possible. On one occasion, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) decided to vaccinate his family against yellow fever (which had not occurred in Corpus Christi or the United States in modern memory), but he could only purchase the yellow fever vaccine in batches of twenty-five to fifty. So, he gave a block party and vaccinated all the neighbors too. His was the only block in town that was safe from yellow fever!

When an epidemic of ringworm of the scalp began in Corpus Christi, especially infecting children, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) suspected that the causative fungus was spread in movie theaters as kids leaned backwards on the seats or in barbershops from scissors that were not sterile. So, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) would not let is sons (age 7 and 5) go to movies, and he cut their hair with dog shears at home rather than risk a barbershop. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was an excellent dermatologist, but he was an awful barber. His sons suffered through many a moth-eaten, humiliating burr haircut.

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was a frustrated farmer. The family and friends of his first wife, Marie Seale (1918-1988), were farmers, and he (with his wife) purchased farmland adjacent to the Seales in Louisiana, and he viewed the farming operations there several times a year, but the Seales operated the farming operations. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) enjoyed his role as a “gentleman farmer.” However, when he divorced his wife in 1972, as part of the divorce settlement, the farmland in Louisiana went to his ex-wife, so he lost his role as a farmer. The loss met with mixed emotions because as much as W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) loved farming, but with the same level of passion, he hated paying taxes on the profits to Uncle Sam. Then in the late 1970s, he purchased a farm in Costa Rica. It was the best of both worlds. He could again be a gentleman farmer, and he planned to deposit the profits from the farming operation in an offshore account, and then use that money whenever he traveled abroad (which he loved to do). That way, he would never have to report the income for U. S. taxes. His plan made him happy, but the outcome turned into disappointment. His farming operation became a victim of the graft that permeated bureaucracy in Central America, and he suffered at the hands of larcenous lawyers. After year of profligacy, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) finally found a potential honest, knowledgeable farm manager who was from Costa Rica and who was completing his university training at Louisiana State University. He contracted with the young man who was also to be the head of the department of agriculture for the government of Costa Rica. However, the gleeful anticipation of W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) crashed

202

THE HUBLER HISTORY

when his manager was killed in an automobile accident in Costa Rica as he drove home from the airport after arriving from the U. S. A. before he even began! Disappointed and distraught, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) traded his Costa Rican farm for a farm in Clifton, Texas; but because of looming Alzheimer’s disease, he never got a chance to enjoy his alter ego as a farmer. He had also purchased two pieces of undeveloped land in eastern Costa Rice overlooking the water that he did not swap. Perhaps, his second wife, Helen Mullen, still owns them.

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was not a religious zealot. Edith Weber, his mother, was a devoted and domineering Lutheran, while L.L. HUBLER, his father, was a Christian whose denomination depended on his location and his friends. When he lived in Corpus Christi, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) went to church regularly and enjoyed the social camaraderie, as much as, the religious nature of the faith. He was elected president of the Business Men’s Bible Group at the First Methodist Church in 1951. He enjoyed reading and reciting Bible stories (and Hoppalong Cassidy tales) to his children at bedtime and usually prayed with them on their knees at the side of their beds. His wife, Marie Seale (1918-1988), was staunchly Catholic, and as part of the right to have their marriage sanctioned by the Catholic Church and to have his sons christened in the Church, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) agreed to raise all of his children Catholic. His sons were christened in the Catholic Church, but they began attending the Methodist Church about the age of five. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) stopped attending church in the 1960s when he found that much of his annual monetary donation to the church was sent to the national church and that that portion was subsequently spent on liberal causes, such as the Angela Davis defense fund. I think that the loss of control of his money, his loss of trust, his avariciousness, his hatred for lawyers and his mild racism all converged to outrage him, and he never looked back. His advice to his sons was to use Christianity as a moral guide, but not as a crutch. At his funeral service, Dr. Mark Doty, the minister at First United Methodist Church in Corpus Christi praised him, but did not really know him.

Automobile safety became his passion. In the early 1950's, he welded plane safety belts in the front and back of all the family's' cars and would not allow his sons to ride in cars without seat belts. Since no one else had belts at that time, his children had to use family cars or public transportation, e.g., trains or buses (neither was readiy available in Corpus Christi). He purchased heavy cars and installed the belts for each son when they began to drive. All the HUBLERs drove tanks with all the safety features. His sons were prohibited from riding bicycles, and riding motorcycles would lead to lifetime grounding.

In 1961, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) noted an "epidemic" of diffuse hair loss in several women in Corpus Christi; and after investigating the cases, he found that all of the women had been poisoned with thallium in an insecticide. The tests for thallium depended on demonstrating thallium in 24-hour urine specimens. The local medical laboratories could not assay the urine specimens, so he arranged the tests at a local industrial lab, PPG. While working as a “gofor” one summer at the office, W.R. HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945) recalls breaking a jar full of urine when it slipped from his grasp, struck a metal safety belt in his father’s new car and shattered, spilling the smelly brew over the front seat. For months, the car reeked of the odor of old urine every time it got hot; and he reminded his son of his incompetence on each occasion! More investigation revealed that the source of the heavy metal was Echol's roach poison, which the housewives had used in their homes. He presented the results of his research at the Texas Medical Association annual meeting in May 1962.1876 Following his lead, the Texas Legislature passed a law outlawing thallium and other heavy metals from pesticides in Texas.

His name is a mystery. His birth certificate lists him as "R. Winthrope HUBLER,” his high school diploma calls him "Winthrope Robert HUBLER,” his postgraduate schools enrolled him as "Winthrope HUBLER,” his military papers carry his name as "Winthrope R. (initial only) HUBLER, his son was named “R. Winthrope HUBLER, Jr.” on his birth certificate (and called “Winthrope R. HUBLER, Jr.”), and was simply “W. HUBLER” on the social security death index (459-76-7195). Later he preferred the moniker of "Bill.” Nicknames flourished. He called his first wife, Marie Seale (1918-1988), "Fuffy.” In all his letters to his mother, Edith WEBER (18-1951), 1876Article in The Austin American, VoL. 48, No. 297, page 1, May 16, 1962.

203

THE HUBLER HISTORY

during medical school, he always addressed her as "Ducky" (I think that was a nickname given to her by her husband, L.L. HUBLER). He always closed, "Winthrope." His letters from her always began, "Dear Winthrope" and were signed, "Mother." His letters at that time from L.L. HUBLER began, "Dear Son" and ended, "L.L. HUBLER." In high school, he was called, "Winthrope;" so he did not go by "Bill" until later. He always said that "Winthrope" was the name of a friend of his father, but it was too long to write on school papers, so he used "Bill"; but he must have started using that in college. In later years, his father, L.L. HUBLER, his stepmother, Mabel Taylor, and his first cousin, Helen Shaw, all called him "Winthrope.” He did not hesitate to pass the horrid cognomen to his eldest son, Winthrope R. HUBLER, Jr. (b 1945).

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) did not like children. Often, his sons did not have a loving father until after they were teenagers. His granddaughter, Holly HUBLER (b 1978), and grandsons, Richard HUBLER (b 1973) and Brian HUBLER (b 1978), never knew the warmth of their HUBLER grandfather. W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was possibly pedophobic, but he was not agoraphobic and related well to adults, enjoyed parties and people, and the more the merrier. Actually, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) fought with himself about his inherent Yankee standoff demeanor rather than the ubiquitous South Texas hands-on fellowship.

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was tone deaf and hated dancing. Years of hunting had shattered his hearing. He did not accept aging well---he dyed his hair dark to hide any gray, spurned glasses, would never consider a hearing aide and had plastic-surgical rhinoplasty and face lifts in 1980 when he was 6+4. But, he needed little help with aging. He looked and acted many years younger than his stated age. He regularly water skied in his 60's and rarely fell. He married (his 2nd marriage) someone who was many years his junior. His age was a classified secret. He lied so often about the date of his birth, that only his parents knew for sure.

W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) wrote a series of Christmas newsletters, some which have survived. Many letters show an extraordinary sense of humor, political insightfulness, racial incorrectness and unabashed realism. A few redactions follow.

In 1953, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) was in Japan awaiting the arrival of his wife and sons. Earthquakes were common--usually the tremblers felt like trucks passing close by, and the beaches were crowded with Japanese.

In 1956, W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) told of hunting ducks with his dad who was visiting from Alabama. The hunt began each day at 4:00 A.M., lasted for two hours and was followed by regular office hours that began at 10:00 A.M. Soon, he was "worn out.” Deer season followed, but they did not "noticeably affect the deer population.” His annual trip to the American Academy of Dermatology meeting in Chicago was cold, had poor cuisine and was expensive. Coats in Marshall-Fields cost more than his planned cruise to the Caribbean. Cars were more economical when they were left in the showroom. He was collecting Western antique guns, but he felt collecting $10 would be a better investment, and "easier to store.” His "brats" divided their time among tennis, archery, square dancing, gymnastics and arithmetic "once in a while.” His affection for his father and sons was obvious.1877

In 1957, cars were still too expensive; Billy was hunting and making A's; Dave was in grammar school, the "socialistic" institution using the "mass grading" system of "satisfactory and unsatisfactory"; vacations included Christmas at Eunice with the in-laws and summer at San Francisco and Disneyland; and converting the garage to a playroom.1878

The year of 1960 was good. That was when W.R. HUBLER (1916-1993) bought a lakeside lot and built a weekend home at Mathis, Texas. He sold the family's old wooden Lyman boat and bought a fiberglass white, Magnolia boat. Christmas was spent at the new house and a festive time with neighbors was enjoyed by all. New Year's was spent in Eunice. Deer hunting was successful. He “paid” for hunting by reluctantly going ballroom dancing with his wife, Marie, one night a week.1879

1877Christmas newsletter, dated Dec. 21, 1956.1878Christmas newsletter, dated Dec. , 1957.1879Christmas newsletter, dated Jan. 13, 1961.

204

THE HUBLER HISTORY

The newsletter in 1962 was centered on two topics--hurricane Carla and hunting for deer in Wyoming. The hurricane did much damage along Ocean Drive, but none at home on Devon. There was some moderate destruction of the Lake house. Marie Seale HUBLER spent 24 hours helping at an emergency shelter at W.B. Ray High School, mostly caring for alcoholic street people and older people with pets. He expressed little sympathy for the pets. The hunting trip was an eye-opening experience combining frustration over the hunting-guide personnel and exhilaration over game.1880

1871Author's personal recollections.205

THE HUBLER HISTORY

1880Christmas newsletter, undated but sent in early Dec., 1962.

206