y5 Peek at the Week Geography

YEAR 5TERM 1 / 2011WEEK 2 /

student’s name SUBJECT Test 1SCORE

GEOGRAPHYI Fill in the missing gaps using the words in the box.

oceans ice component die health 70 per cent human half

Planet Earth is a watery place, with more than 1) ___________________ of its surface covered in seawater. Most of this water is found in five 2) ___________________– giant hollows that have filled with salty water. Of the remaining surface water, most is locked up in 3) ___________________ around the North and South Poles. The water in lakes, rivers, clouds, soils, and living organisms is small by comparison, but very important. Water is essential to 4) ___________________ life – it makes up more than 5) ___________________ your body weight, is the main 6) ___________________ of each of your 100 billion body cells, and without it, you would 7) ___________________ in just a few days. The amount of water inside your body must remain almost constant for good 8) ___________________.

Each answer is worth 1 point.

II Fill in the missing gaps using the words.

Water is essential for life. In fact, the human body is 1)__________ water. But dirty water can also carry 2)__________________ that kill! Nearly all water needs to be treated before it can be used. Clear water is not always 3)______________________ water. Waste water from our homes and industries also needs to be cleaned otherwise it causes 4)___________________ and damages the environment. 450 million people today face water 5)__________________, but people in rich countries are wasting it. We are used to turning on the tap and having fresh, 6)_______________________ water whenever we want it. Each person needs 7)____________ of water per day for health and hygiene. The average European uses 500 litres per day. To make one small car requires 450,000 litres of water! Water companies are draining rivers to cope with the 8)_____________________ for water. If we used less, we could stop damaging the 9)_____________________ and save

Score 8

YEAR 5 TERM 1

money. We should all think of ways to 10)____________ water in our daily lives.


III Fill in the missing gaps using the words in the box. You can use these words as many times as needed.

HEAT COOL MELTS FREEZES CONDENCES EVAPORATES 0 ̊c 100 ̊c


IV Explain the water cycle.

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_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

This answer is worth 10 points.

V Look at the picture and answer the questions.

In Kopaonik, the amount of snow has changed over the years. Look at the picture and decide how thick the snow has been each year. Present the results in the grid below.

4 m

3 m

2 m

1 m

2010 2009 2008 2007 2006

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Why do you think there is less and less snow? _______________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

This answer is worth 20 points. 15 for the chart and 5 for the answer.

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Score 20

YEAR 5 TERM 1

VI Read the text about deserts. Can you label the missing deserts on the map.

Deserts occur in five of the world's seven continents.

North America's Sonora and Chihuahuan deserts are situated in the south-west corner of the continent. The Great Basin on the north is home to the infamous Death Valley, which is renowned for its spectacular landscapes and searing heat. Further south lies the Mojave.

Between the Andean Mountains and the Pacific Ocean lie the coastal deserts of Peru and Chile on the South American continent - the Sechura and the Atacama. Patagonia in Argentina boasts large areas of cold semi-desert.

Chief among the African deserts, and probably the most famous of them all, is the Sahara. Extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the West, to the Red Sea in the East, and with an area of over 9 million square kilometres - around the same size as the United States - the Sahara is the largest desert on Earth. Southern Africa is home to the Kalahari and Namib deserts.

The Gobi Desert in Mongolia and China is the fifth largest in the world. Tibet has substantial desert cover despite its very low temperatures, and many central Asian countries are subject to desert conditions. Close to the Gobi is the Taklamakan desert where the temperatures fall to -20ºC in wintertime. Further to the north is the Kyzyl Kum desert, which has very unusual dunes of red sand. India, Pakistan, Iran and the Arabian Peninsula all contain large desert areas, including the Thar and the Arabian Desert.

Australia is the most arid continent on Earth. It has a lot of deserts situated mainly in the centre of the country. The most famous are the Simpson Desert, the Tanami Desert, the Great Victoria Desert, and the Great Sandy Desert.

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Great Basin

Mojave

Sonoran

Chihuahuan

Sechura

Atacama

Patagonian

Namib Kalahari

Kyzyl Kum

Gobi

Taklamakan

Iranian

Thar

Arabian

Sahara

Somali

Great Sandy Tanami

Great Victoria Simpson

YEAR 5 TERM 1

Each answer is worth 2 points.

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VII Circle ONLY the characteristics of rainforests.

1A The climate is dry but very hot.1B The climate is mild but very

humid.

2A Rainforests cover 6% of the world’s land area.

2B Rainforests cover 80% of the world’s land area.

3A Rainforests are located around the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.

3B Rainforests are located around the equator.

4A There are hardly any animals because of hard conditions.

4B There are thousands of species of animals.

5A The vegetation is lush and tall.5B The vegetation is scarce and

short.

6A People live in tents and travel around like nomads.

6B People live in tribes and build houses of twigs and mud.

7A It rains every day.7B It rains once in 100 years.

8 This is the map of rainforests:

A B

C D


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YEAR 5 TERM 1

VIII Circle ONLY the characteristics of deserts.

1A The climate is dry but very hot.1B The climate is mild but very

humid.

2A Deserts cover 82% of the world’s land area.

2B Deserts cover 14% of the world’s land area.

3A It rains every day.3B It rains once in 100 years.

4A There are hardly any animals because of hard conditions.

4B There are thousands of species of animals.

5A The vegetation is lush and tall.5B The vegetation is scarce and

short.

6A People live in tents and travel around like nomads.

6B People live in tribes and build houses of twigs and mud.

7A Deserts are located around the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.

7B Deserts are located around the equator.

8B

8 This is the map of deserts:

A B

C D


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YEAR 5 TERM 1

IX The graphs below show the average rainfall in four countries in Africa: Uganda, Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt. Look carefully at the map and graphs, and answer the questions below.

Jan Feb MarAprMay Jun Jul Au

gSep Oc

tNovDec

05

1015202530

UGANDA

Jan Feb Ma

rAprMay Jun Jul Au

gSep Oc

tNovDec

05

10152025

ETHIOPIA

Jan Feb MarAprMay Jun Jul Au

gSep Oc

tNovDec

0

4

8

12

16

SUDAN

Jan Feb Ma

rAprMay Jun Jul Au

gSep Oc

tNovDec

02468

101214

EGYPT

1. The greatest rainfall was in (country)

_____________________________________________.2. The smallest rainfall was in (country)

_____________________________________________.3. The period with greatest rainfall in Ethiopia was

_________________________________.

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4. The period with smallest rainfall in Egypt was ___________________________________.

5. A drought occurred in (country) _________________________________________________.


X Which of these statements relate to drought? Use or .

When droughts happen…1. … there isn’t enough water to support the growth of plants.2. …people enjoy the long sunny days and bask on the beach.3. …the stock dies because they do not have enough food.4. …there is too much drinking water.5. …dry plants can easily get on fire.6. …people are forced to move from their homes in search for water.7. …famine strikes the people and many die of starvation.8. …people get water from nearby ponds and rivers instead of taps.9. …drinking dirty water brings a lot of diseases.10.…people, animals and plants can survive for a month without water.


XI Read the text and answer the questions below.

When we hear about it, we think of many images: a farmer kneeling in a hot, dusty field with stunted crops, dried-up streams and ponds, many bright, sunny days with no rain, water rationing and brown lawns… Sometimes it lasts for year and affects people’s lives in many ways. And when the rain comes, it pours through the deep, dry crack in the soil.1. What is the text about?

_____________________________________________________2. How does it affect people’s lives?

______________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

Scarce inhabitants hurry to hide from the sun, dashing off over see the endless beige blanket. But at night, the life gets more vibrant as the nocturnal predators come out in search for their pray. From scorching 50°C during the day, the temperature can even reach 0°C at night! People have a very special way of living and they have adapted their clothes, food and hygiene to these conditions.

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3. What is the text about? ____________________________________________________

4. How do the people live in this place?__________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

The noise is sometimes unbearable in this habitat – shrieking, creaking and screeching gets splattered with a quick shower. The scent of bathed leaves mingles among the tall emergent trees. Unfortunately, because of people’s irrationality, the trees are dying away.5. What is the text about?

______________________________________________________6. What are the processes of cutting and re-planting trees called?

_______________________

_____________________________________________________________________________


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XII Read the text about safe water and circle the right question.

More than a billion people, almost one-fifth of the world’s population, lack access to safe drinking water, and 40 percent lack access to basic sanitation. As a result, a child dies every eight seconds from drinking dirty water. It is estimated that 5,000 children die every day as a result of drinking unsafe water, while every 21 seconds a child perishes from waterborne diseases such as typhoid, cholera, and dysentery. A UNICEF Report found that about six million people are blind today from trachoma, an eye infection spread mainly through poor hygiene caused by lack of adequate water supplies and unsafe environmental sanitation conditions.

The UN warns that unless action is stepped up, the number of people without access to safe water will increase to 2.3 billion by 2025, with the number of those who die from unsafe water expected to jump sharply as well. Ensuring access to safe, clean water worldwide is critical. Not only is it essential for successful agriculture, food and energy production, but it is also a children's issue because water is vital for healthy development and survival.

Did you know that each of us uses about 400 litre of water daily? That’s enough to sustain 16 African families for a day. In our homes, we go into the kitchen, turn on the tap and drink clean refreshing water–instantly. In contrast, a mother in Zimbabwe might have to travel a long way in search of clean, drinkable water to save her baby. We, in this part of the world, are blessed with easy access to clean water. Not the case worldwide.

1. How many people lack access to safe drinking water?A One million.B Two billion.C Three thousand.

2. How many people lack access to basic sanitation?A 10 percent.B 25 percent.C 40 percent.

3. What happens every eight seconds in the world as a result of bad sanitation?A A child is born.B A child gets sick.C A child dies.

4. Typhoid, cholera and dysentery are:A Games that children in

Africa play.B Diseases from which

children in Africa die.C Medications that children in

Africa take.

5. Trachoma is a dangerous eye infection caused by:A Unsafe environmental

sanitation conditions.B Eating too much Trachoma

sweets.C Drinking too much water.

6. Why is access to safe water crucial for children?A So that they can play with

water.B So that they can grow

healthily.C So that they can sell water

in bottles

7. The water that we use daily can sustain:A 16 African families.B 5 African families.C 30 African families.

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YEAR 5 TERM 1

XIII Read the story and answer the questions.

High in the mountains, deep in the forest, lives Lucy Lake. Lucy is a large, cold lake with many different plants and animals living in and around her. On a normal day, the wind carries pure air, and the rain comes down clear and clean.

But lately, Lucy Lake and her friends have not been feeling very well. All the plants and animals of the forest gather together to talk about the problem. No one has any answers. Just then, two hikers appear. The creatures of the forest gather around and tell the hikers about their problems. "We are hungry," "We're tired and weak," "Our babies are sick," the plants and animals complain. "Can you help us?" they all ask.

"This rain comes from chemicals in the air, or 'pollution.' A lot of this pollution comes from power plants that burn fossil fuels, like coal, to make electricity. We use this electricity to make our lights and our TVs work. Pollution also comes from the cars and trucks people drive. This pollution also causes acid rain." "So, even though I don't want to, I help pollution travel long distances through the air!" says Wendy Wind. "And whatever's in the air falls from the sky in my raindrops!" cries Raphael Rain. "If you can help us think of solutions to the problem we will deliver a message to other people about how they can clean up our environment," one hiker says. With the help of the plants and animals, the two hikers make a list of ideas for saving Lucy Lake and her friends.

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"Why are we sick?" asks Frannie Frog. "What is doing this to us?" asks Sammy Spruce. "What can we do?" asks Lucy Lake.

The plants and animals at Lucy Lake have enough food and clean water to keep them healthy.

"I think I know what the problem is!" says the hiker. It’s acid rain!

"So, even though I don't want to, I help pollution travel long distances through the air!" says Wendy Wind.

YEAR 5 TERM 1

1. Why are the plants at Lusy Lake in danger?____________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

2. How did the hiker know what the problem was?________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

3. Can YOU make a list of 3 solutions to the problem? Eg: People can turn off the lights when they leave the room.

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Time passes, and after a while, the forest and lake begin to feel a little better.

"We're glad things have started to change, and we're glad you helped us make a difference," say the hikers.

YEAR 5 TERM 1

Answers 1 and 2 are worth 2 points. Answer 3 is worth 6 points.

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Score 10

YEAR 5 TERM 1

XIV How is water cleaned? Take a look at the diagram and then link the words with their definitions.

0.Water from the river is pumped through a screen to remove large debris such as sticks, leaves and rocks. 1.Water is treated with compounds that make small suspended particles stick together and settle out of the water. 2.Water is passed through a settling basin or clarifier allowing time for mud, sand, metals and other sediment to settle out.3.Water is passed through a dual media (sand and anthracite) filter, which removes many remaining pollutants.4.Chlorine is added to the water to kill and/or inactivate any remaining pathogens. Fluoride is added to prevent tooth decay and a rust inhibitor is added to preserve the pipes that deliver the water to homes and businesses.5.The treated water is stored in storage tanks and is gravity-fed to houses and businesses when needed.


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SCREEN

STORAGE

SEDIMENTATIO

N

DESINFECTION

SCREEN

COAGULATION

FILTRAT

ION

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XV Tick ONLY the gases which make the air.

¨ Gorgon¨ Peroxide¨ Carbon dioxide

¨ Papyrus¨ Carbon monoxide¨ Oxygen

¨ Nitrogen¨ Smoke¨ Argon


XVI Answer the questions below.1. What is environment?

_______________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_

_________________________________________________________________________

_

2. What is a word for the scientists who work on preserving the

environment?

_________________________________________________________________________

_

3. Who is responsible for the changes in the climate?

_______________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_

4. What can you do to make the Earth a better place? Give me 3 realistic

ideas.

_________________________________________________________________________

_

_________________________________________________________________________

_

_________________________________________________________________________

_

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YEAR 5 TERM 1

_________________________________________________________________________

_

_________________________________________________________________________

_Answer is 1-3 are worth 3 points. Answer 4 is worth 9 points.

XVII Answer the questions below.

1. What makes life on Earth possible?

____________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

2. What are biomes?

___________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

3. What are the characteristics of the biome that you live in now?

______________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

4. What is a habitat?

___________________________________________________________

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_________________________________________________________________________

_

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_


XVIII Answer the questions below.

5. What are biomes?_______________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

6. Name and describe the 5 biomes.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

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__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

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__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Answer 1 is worth 2 points. Answer 2 is worth 10 points (2 points for each biome).

XIX Order the layers of atmosphere from closest to farthest.

¨ Thermosphere¨ Mesosphere¨ Stratosphere¨ Exosphere¨ Troposphere


XX Answer the questions about environment.

1. What is O3?_______________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

2. Where is the ozone layer in the atmosphere?____________________________________

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__________________________________________________________________________

3. What are CFCs?____________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. How do the CFCs affect the ozone layer?________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


XXI Match the right parts of a sentence by putting the correct letter in the box. Be careful… there are 2 possible endings for each beginning BUT only one is correct.

1. Ozone is made up… A … large areas inhabited by certain wildlife which is adapted to the living conditions.

B …troposphere.

2. Biomes are… C …14ºC.

D … large areas inhabited where people live and work..

3. The largest layer of the Earth’s atmosphere is… E … of three atoms of oxygen.

F …they pollute the air.

4. CFCs are dangerous because… G …thermosphere.

H …25 ºC.

5. The average temperature of the Earth is… I …they destroy the ozone layer.


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10

YEAR 5 TERM 1

XXII Which of these gases are green house gases? Put a tick .

¨ argon ¨ nitrogen ¨ methane

¨ oxygen ¨ carbon dioxide ¨ ozone

¨ nitrous oxide

¨ carbon monoxide ¨ carbon


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Score 3

YEAR 5 TERM 1

XXIII Use the diagram below to explain in your own words what global warming is. Use the principles of explanatory writing.


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Score 10

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y5 Peek at the Week Geography