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RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Enhancing and implementing Knowledge based ICT solutions within high Risk and Uncertain Conditions for Agriculture Production Systems
(RUC-APS)
WP Leader
Pascale Zaraté
Work-Package No 12 :
Facilitation and Participatory based Decision Support Systems
YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
• HDR Computer Science
• Professor in IT at University Toulouse 1 Capitole
• Researcher at IRIT – AI Department – Co-Manager
• EWG-DSS – Coordinator
• IJDSST – Editor in Chief
Presentation
Prof. Pascale Zaratéwww.irit.fr/~Pascale.ZarateORCID : 0000-0002-5188-1616
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Presentation
• 24 000 Students
• City center
• Law / Mangement / Economy
• IT Faculty• Masters
• PhD
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
• 700 persons• Researchers• Administrative staff• Students
• Main IT research actor France
• 7 Departments
• AI Department• ADRIA : Reasoning / Decision• MELODI : Text Mining• LILAC : Logic (Symbolic AI)
Presentation
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
• Decision Making
• Decision Support Systems
• Multicriteria Decision Making
• Group Decision Making
• Collaborative Decision Making
Presentation : Team
Amir Sakka : PhD studentGuy Camilleri : Associate ProfessorPascale Zaraté : Professor WP 12 : Facilitation and Participatory based Decision Support Systems
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
RUC-APS : Facilitation and Participatory based Decision Support Systems
Year 1
• Scenario
• GRUS
Year 2
• Experiments
• Feedback
Year 3
• GRUS Improvement
• Experiments
Year 4• Appropriate methodology
Objetive / Task
OBJ 1 Conception, Design, Implementation of a Group Decision Support System (GDSS)to assist decision making processes in horticultural and agricultural production
OBJ 2 Evaluation of a Group Decision Support System (GDSS)to assist decision making processes in horticultural and agricultural production
T11.1: Develop scenarios for horticultural and agriculturalproduction
T11.2: Define the adequate facilitation depending on the defined scenario in the task 11.1
T11.3: Apply Group Decision Making methdology for enhancing horticulture value chain decision-making.
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
• Decision Making Rational Methodologies• Alternatives perfect evaluation, criteria
• Limited Rationality Principle
Decision Support
Roy and Bouyssou (1993) :o First Order Reality Postulate
o Decision Maker Postulate
o Optimum Postulate
Decision Making Non Rational Methodologieso Implicit Favorite Model
o Organizational Anarchy
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
• Limited Rationality Principle (H. Simon, 1969)
• No optimization but satisficing solution research (best
consensus) : satisficing
• Decisions Made one by one in a limited area
• Progressive Process
• Decision Makers can use contradictory criteria
• No more Global Utility Function (Contradiction with Von Neumann and Morgenstern’s hypothesis)
Decision Support
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
Management Information Systems
Operational Research
Decision Support Systems
DataWarehouse
Group Decision Support Systems
Intelligent DSS
70
PC
90
DataHuge
Volume
Group
AI(KBS)
Internet
2000
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
DSS
Interactive Optimization
MBMS
DBMS
User Human / Computer Interface
Sprague and Carlsson (1982)
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
• Keen and Scott Morton (1978) :• Support decision makers in their semi-structured
decision making processes
• Help rather than replace decision makers judgment
• Improve effectiveness(+) and efficiency of decision making.
DSS
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Intelligent DSS
Cooperative Designing Approach
User Human / Computer Interface
MBMS
DBMS
InferenceEngine
Marakas (2003)
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
• ICT : Decision Making processes modification- Organizational : Multi-actors
- Cognitive : Sorting Step reinforcement
• Cooperative Decision
ICT Introduction
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Cooperative DSS
User
MBMS
DBMS
KnowledgeBase
TasksManagement
InterpersonalCommunication
Other User
KnowledgeManagement
CDSS
DynamicalHCI
DynamicalHCI
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
• A Group Perspective
• A recommendation perspective
Two Approches
A Multi-Criteria Approach◦ MCDM
◦ MCDA
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
• “… mix of devices, software, persons, processes, allowing collaboration among group of persons.” (Sprague and Carlson, 1982)
• …mix of computers, communications, technologies of decision working together to support problems identification, formulating and generating solutions during work meetings.” (DeSanctis and Gallupe, 1987)
Group Decision Support Systems
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
• Improve groups efficiency
• Tangible• Time reduction• Increasing the number of good ideas
• Intangible (difficult to quantify)• Improve group cohesion• Improve problem definition• Good group commitment
GDSS Advantages
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Kinds of GDSS
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
• Important impact on the group outputs and productivity
• “…activities done, before, during and after a collective decision meeting to support the group to reach their objectives defined during the decision process.” (Bostrom, Anson and Clawson, 1993)
• “… defined as a process through which an external person of the group, non concerned by the decision, officially recognized and accepted by the group, is employed to support a group engaged in a decision making process.” (Adla, 2010)
Facilitation - Definitions
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
• Technical• Assist stakeholders with the technology use
• Process• Moderate the stakeholders and their interactions in the tasks achievement in
order to make arising the meeting objectives, and to guide the participants
• Content• Imply to directly deal with the problem to solve
Kinds of Facilitation
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
• Content oriented• Dynamical Text Guide in a Multi-Criteria GDSS (Limayen, De Sanctis, 2000)
• Cooperative Knowledge Based System (Adla, 2011)
• Automatic ideas clustering (Yuan, 2008)
• Process oriented• Agent Based System (Nunamaker at al., 2002)
• Group activity analysis (indicators analysis) (Nunamaker et al., 2002; Vivacquaet al., 2011)
• Facilitation Process (Adla, 2010) Difficulties to agree on common criteria used for Decision Making
Tools for Facilitation
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Facilitation ProcessGROUP FACILITATION
PROCESS
DURINGMEETINGPRE MEETING
Creating
Agenda
Generating
alternatives
Organizing
alternativesEvaluating
alternatives
Choosing
solution
Presentingsolution
Fig. 1: Group facilitation process
Selecting
participants Reporting
POST MEETING
(Adla, 2010)
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
• Macharis et al. (2018) • GDSS: Promethee
• Decision Makers • Individual Preferences
• Private Criteria
• One performance matrix by Decision Maker
• Global aggregation for the group Weighted Sum
• MAMCA
• Advantage: Sensitive Analysis among Stakeholders
• Limit: No Collaboration, No Co-Decision, No Common Share
MCDM Group Decision Making
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
» Web Application : ToolBox˃ Raphael Chatellet
˃ Adama Coulibaly
˃ Morteza Yazdani
˃ Collaboration Jacqueline Konate –
Université Bamako Mali
» Based on Grails web application framework ˃ Open Source Framework
» GRUS is a fully open source system : available upon request
GRoUp System (GRUS)
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
» Can be used in several situations
» In GDSS, 2 roles of user ˃ One facilitator (meeting manager)
˃ Several Participants (meeting contributors)
GRUS Features 1/2
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
» 2 kinds of meetings are available ˃ Public meetings
+ All registered users in GRUS system can participate˃ Private meetings
+ Only invited users can participate to a private meeting
» Some collaborative tools are available˃ Electronic Brainstorming˃ Categorizer˃ Vote˃ Agenda˃ Report…
» User with the role of facilitator can for her/his meeting ˃ Define the meeting type
+ Group process (sequence of collaborative tools)˃ Invite users˃ Manage the group process (stop, add, delete,…) tools
GRUS Features 2/2
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
» Open System for˃ Sharing collaborative tools
˃ Sharing group processes
» Promote the use of GDSS in organizations
» Improve the efficiency of group work
GRUS Objectives
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
• Several tools
• Combine them
• Flexible process
GRUS as a Tool-Box
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
• Process• Several steps
• Several tools
• Dynamically updated• Add / Remove stakeholders
• Add / remove steps
GRUS : Process oriented
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
MCDM ProcessesParameters Facilitator
StakeholdersWeight
Brainstorming AllCrietria and Alternatives Definition
Clustering FacilitatorCriiteria and Alternatives
reduction
IndividualPreferences
AllMCDA Matrix
(Clusters)
Consensus FacilitatorResultsDisplay
Decision Facilitator Decision
Report Facilitator File report
Weighted SumChoquet Integral
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Vote Processes
Parameters FacilitatorStakeholders
Weight
Brainstorming AllAlternatives Definition
IndividualPreferences
AllRanked
Alternatives
Consensus FacilitatorDisplay Results
Decision Facilitator Decision
Report Facilitator File report
BordaCondorcet
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Experiments in WP12
27 sessions
•Differents countries
13 secondments
•FEDACOVA
•IFA
•UNLP
•INIA
12 hosted secondments
•UNLP
•FEDOCAVO
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Experiments WP12 (Non academic)
Group Decision MakingExperiment
17/06/2019
IFA
Coventry - UK
Group Decision Making - Thinklet
08/07/2019
FEDACOVA
Valencia - Spain
Group Decision making – Test Tomatoes production
06/11/2019
FEDACOVA
Valencia - Spain
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Experiments WP12 (Academics)
Academic Results27/05/2019ICDSST-2019
Madeira - PORTUGAL
New project preparation
3/07/2019
UoP & UPV
Plymouth - UK
Academic Results
12/06/2019
GDN 2019
Loughborough - UK
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Feedback• Based on the 1st period learning outcomes, we improved our way to teach our
knowledge about Group Decision Making and our developed system called GRUS
• We established a generic session of teaching / testing:1. Presentation based on Power Point of the system developed called GRUS2. Presentation of a video explaining how the system can be used – Video established in
collaboration with UNLP (see the last slide)3. Use the GRUS system4. Feedback of the end-users based on a questionnaire
• 27 teaching and experimentation sessions / 3 years / 4 countries / 6 different partners
• Based on these 27 sessions, we improved our Group decision Support System : recommendation of a process depending on the context
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Outcome : GDSS• Improvement of the Group Decision Support Systems (GRUS)
• BrainstormingStrategic
• VoteTatic
• MulticriteriaOperationnal
GR
OU
DA Consensus
Thinklets
Multi-Criteria
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Outcome : Multi-Criteria
• MCDM approach time-consuming• AHP (Saaty) • Automatic
• Web-AugmentationIntelligence
• Profiling
• Case baseDesign
• Multi-criteria
• AHPChoice
• Case baseReview
• LOGIKOS• Collaboration UNLP
• Cognitive Decision Process (Simon)
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Outcome : Testing• Testing steps approach time-consuming
• Make the generation of User Acceptance Test (UAT) easier
• Generate UAT in semi-automatic way
• Support the software engineers to elicit, to clarify and to discuss the business processes and the requirements ⇒ Decision Support System
• Semi Automatic tests : Combination of two approaches• Software Engineering (Scenario approach)• Planning• Collaboration with UNLP
Scenarios description
Websiteapplication interface
Task/method model
Translation rules
Execution tree
Execution engine
Test cases
Graph traversing
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Outcome : Generating solution• Solutions generation time-consuming
• Tomato scenario• Objectives :
• SC profit• SC wastes• Unfulfilled demand
• Combination of Optimization models Group Decision Making• Collaboration UPV• Optimisation model : Simulation
Generation of 10 alternatives• GRUS : Ranking
10 optimal
solutions
GRUS
Final ranking
Researchersexperiments
Businessmen experiments
• SC Profit : main objective
• SC Wastes and Unfulfilled demand influence final ranking
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Long term outcomes
• Proposal of a new STIC-AMSUD project jointly with UNLP and Universidade de la Frontera, Chile
• Knowledge transfer Workshop InnOpenFood: Open Innovation in the food sector for a complex and rapid-changing environment. AINIA., Valencia, Spain; November 13th 2018.
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Videos and links
• Role of the UT1C team in the RUC-APS project – Created by UT1C out of RUC-APS support
https://dai.ly/x7bftd2
• Video of the Group Decision Support System use based a farm scenario – Created in collaboration with UNLP
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m6YUTJy5OW8&feature=youtu.be(Spanish)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jkn7XhNK8hU&feature=youtu.be(English)
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Publications
• Leandro Antonelli, Mariángeles Hozikian, Guy Camilleri, Alejandro Fernandez, Julian Grigera, Diego Torres, Pascale Zarate. Wiki support for automated definition of software test cases. Kybernetes, ISSN: 0368-492X, Publication date: 19 June 2019
• Amir Sakka, Gabriela Bosetti, Julián Grigera, Guy Camilleri, Alejandro Fernandes, Pascale Zaraté, Sandro Bimonte, Lucile Sautot. UX challenges in GDSS: An Experience Report (regular paper). In : Group Decision and Negotiation (GDN 2019), Loughborough, UK, 11/06/2019-15/06/2019, Vol. 351, Danielle MORAIS, Ashley CARRERAS, Adiel TEIXEIRA DE ALMEIDA, Rudolf VETSCHERA (Eds.), Springer, Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, p. 67-79, juin / june 2019.
• Alejandro Fernandes, Gabriela Bosetti, Sergio Firmenich, Pascale Zaraté. Logikós: Augmenting the Web with Multi-criteria Decision Support (regular paper). In : International Conference on Decision Support Systems Technologies (ICDSST 2019), Funchal, Madeira,Portugal, 27/05/2019-29/05/2019, Vol. 348, Paulo Sérgio Abreu Freitas, Fatima Dargam, José Maria Moreno (Eds.), Springer, Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, p. 123-135, may 2019.
• Pascale Zaraté, Mareva Alemany, Mariana Del Pino, Ana Esteso Alvarez, Guy Camilleri. How to Support Group Decision Making in Horticulture: An Approach Based on the Combination of a Centralized Mathematical Model and a Group Decision Support System (regular paper). In : International Conference on Decision Support Systems Technologies (ICDSST 2019), Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, 27/05/2019-29/05/2019, Vol. 348, Paulo Sérgio Abreu Freitas, Fatima Dargam, José Maria Moreno (Eds.), Springer, Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, (on line), may 2019.
• Julian Grigera, Alejandra Garrido, Pascale Zaraté, Guy Camilleri, Alejandro Fernandez. A Mixed Usability Evaluation on a Multi Criteria Group Decision Support System in Agriculture (regular paper). In : ACM International Conference on Human Computer Interaction, Palma, Spain, 12/09/2018-14/09/2018, ACM : Association for Computing Machinery, (on line), september 2018.
RUC-APS YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS
Enhancing and implementing Knowledge based ICT solutions within high Risk and Uncertain Conditions for Agriculture Production Systems
(RUC-APS)
WP Leader
Pascale Zaraté
Work-Package No 12 :
Facilitation and Participatory based Decision Support Systems
YEAR 4 HIGHLIGHTS