Year 6 Science – Week 5

Lesson 1 - Monday

Key Words You Will Meet This Week:

*Energy: It is the property of matter and space, objects and fields. It can be transferred

between objects and can also be converted in form; how much potential a physical system

has to change.

*Wavelengths: It is the distance from crest to crest, or from point on one wave cycle to the

corresponding point on the next adjacent wave cycle.

*Electromagnetic waves: It is electromagnetic radiation such as radio wave, microwaves,

infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

*Atoms: An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of

a chemical element.

*Electrons: it is a subatomic particle; whose electric charge is negative one elementary

charge

*Photons: A type of elementary particle that has zero mass and always moves at the speed

of light within the vacuum.

Learn

1. A dark shadow will be cast by a transparent object.

True or False?

2. Light enters our eyes through our…

a) Retina

b) Iris

c) Pupil

d) Lens

3. Name 2 things that can happen when light hits an object.

4. Why is it important to change only one thing at a time during a scientific test?

Knowing more, remembering more

Learn

What do you think?: Can we touch a rainbow?

Learn

Recap

• Light travels in straight lines

• It is faster than the eye can see (light speed)

• Light cannot travel through opaque objects

• We see objects because light reflects off them and bounces into our eyes

Learn

Do you think shiny surfaces are better or worse at reflecting light?

Why/why not?

Learn

Smooth, shiny surfaces such as mirrors and polished metals reflect light well. Dull and dark surfaces such as dark fabrics do not reflect light well.

There are three things that can happen when light hits something: it can pass through (if the object is transparent), be absorbed (if the object is opaque and darkly colored), or it can reflect back again (if the object is shiny, light-colored, and reflective).

PracticeWhen people look into a mirror, they see an image of themselves behind the glass. That image results from light rays encountering the shiny surface and bouncing back, or reflecting, providing a "mirror image."

Using a mirror and a torch, what observations can you make about light and reflection? Write them down as an observation.

Example

When I shine my torch onto the mirror I notice that …

This explains that …

This has brought about the question of …

Lesson 2 - Tuesday

Key Words You Will Meet This Week:

*Energy: It is the property of matter and space, objects and fields. It can be transferred

between objects and can also be converted in form; how much potential a physical system

has to change.

*Wavelengths: It is the distance from crest to crest, or from point on one wave cycle to the

corresponding point on the next adjacent wave cycle.

*Electromagnetic waves: It is electromagnetic radiation such as radio wave, microwaves,

infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

*Atoms: An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of

a chemical element.

*Electrons: it is a subatomic particle; whose electric charge is negative one elementary

charge

*Photons: A type of elementary particle that has zero mass and always moves at the speed

of light within the vacuum.

Learn

Recap

Let’s act as a mirror!

With someone in your home:

P1 move in a certain way

P2 show how a mirror would reflect this

A reflection appears to be the same distance from the "other side" of the mirror as the viewer's eyes are from the mirror.

Also, when light is reflected from a mirror, it bounces off at the same angle in the opposite direction from which it hit.

Example: If the light hits a flat or "plane mirror" at a 30-degree angle from the left, it will bounce off at a 30-degree angle to the right.

Learn

Learn

Normal- the point where a ray of light strikes a reflective

surface

Incident ray- ray of light that strikes the surface

Reflected ray- ray of light reflected by the surface

Angle of reflection-the angle in which the light reflects off the mirror

Angle of incident- the angle in which the light hits the mirror

Mirror

Scientific Diagram

Apply

Your task is to recreate the scientific diagram on the previous slide of how light reflects off of a mirror in your exercise books.

Ensure you label it correctly and write a paragraph or more about what is happening using scientific vocabulary.

Write a scientific description of the process of reflection by thinking about:What surfaces reflect best? Why?How does light reflect?

Lesson 3 - Wednesday

Key Words You Will Meet This Week:

*Energy: It is the property of matter and space, objects and fields. It can be transferred

between objects and can also be converted in form; how much potential a physical system

has to change.

*Wavelengths: It is the distance from crest to crest, or from point on one wave cycle to the

corresponding point on the next adjacent wave cycle.

*Electromagnetic waves: It is electromagnetic radiation such as radio wave, microwaves,

infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

*Atoms: An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of

a chemical element.

*Electrons: it is a subatomic particle; whose electric charge is negative one elementary

charge

*Photons: A type of elementary particle that has zero mass and always moves at the speed

of light within the vacuum.

Learn

Yesterday we spoke about reflection.

Today we will explore refraction and carry out an observation of refraction.

Let’s recap our learning.

Recap

Equal AnglesAngle of Incidence

Angle of Reflection

Mirrored Surface

Recap

Rules of Reflection Angle of Incidence = Angle of Reflection

• Everything in the reflected image is laterally inverted.

• The reflected image is as far behind the mirror surface as the object is in front.

• The reflection in a plane mirror is the same size as the object.

Recap

Scattered and Reflected Light

Rougher surfaces scatter light in many different directions – this is called a diffuse reflection.

Completely smooth surfaces like a mirror will reflect light in a specific direction.

Mirror Paper

Learn

Light Refraction

Refraction = the bending of light rays

For Example:

• When they enter a more dense medium e.g. water - the ray slows down.

• When they enter a less dense medium e.g. air - the rays speed up.

Refraction happens as the rays travel at a slightly different speed

LearnLight Refraction Through Glass

and Water

Glass Water

60°

34.5°

60°

60°

40.6°

60°

Practice

Use a clear plastic cup or bowl filled with water and a colourful straw/pencil to experiment refraction.

Place your hand in bowl.

Observe – what do you notice?

ApplyWrite up an observation and analysis:

1. What did you notice when looking through the water?

2. What did the image on the other side look like?

3. Why do you think this was the case?

Lesson 4 - Thursday

Key Words You Will Meet This Week:

*Energy: It is the property of matter and space, objects and fields. It can be transferred

between objects and can also be converted in form; how much potential a physical system

has to change.

*Wavelengths: It is the distance from crest to crest, or from point on one wave cycle to the

corresponding point on the next adjacent wave cycle.

*Electromagnetic waves: It is electromagnetic radiation such as radio wave, microwaves,

infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

*Atoms: An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of

a chemical element.

*Electrons: it is a subatomic particle; whose electric charge is negative one elementary

charge

*Photons: A type of elementary particle that has zero mass and always moves at the speed

of light within the vacuum.

Learn

Recap

Refraction Refraction is what happens to light when it travels through a substance.

1) It slows down

2) It changes direction

Refraction can create illusions. Because light bends when it travels between air and water, glass or plastic, objects can look bent or distorted.

Recap

White light is made of lots of different colours. When it hits the prism it refracts (slows down and changes direction).

Different colours (different wavelengths) are refracted by different amounts helping to show the different colours of light.

Apply

Use a prism to see the effect of refraction and how it makes a rainbow.

Refraction Through A Prism

You are going to make a water prism.

Making a water prism is easy. 1. Just fill up a glass dish with

water, place a mirror in at an angle.

2. Find a sunny spot to reflect the sunlight through the water.

Voila! A water prism!

1

2

Apply

Refraction Through A Prism

Once you have made your water prism you can experiment with how the angle of the mirror affects the location and look of the rainbow.

1. How do other liquids affect the rainbow? Try out other liquids you have at home.

2. What happens if you add food coloring into your water prism?

3. Can you make a water prism without the mirror?

What can I do with my water prism?

Lesson 5 - Friday

Key Words You Will Meet This Week:

*Energy: It is the property of matter and space, objects and fields. It can be transferred

between objects and can also be converted in form; how much potential a physical system

has to change.

*Wavelengths: It is the distance from crest to crest, or from point on one wave cycle to the

corresponding point on the next adjacent wave cycle.

*Electromagnetic waves: It is electromagnetic radiation such as radio wave, microwaves,

infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

*Atoms: An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of

a chemical element.

*Electrons: it is a subatomic particle; whose electric charge is negative one elementary

charge

*Photons: A type of elementary particle that has zero mass and always moves at the speed

of light within the vacuum.

Learn

Learn

Light and Energy• The word light usually refers to visible light, which is

the visible spectrum that is visible to the human eye and

is responsible for the sense of sight.

• The spectrum of white visible light include red, orange,

yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. This is the rainbow

you observed yesterday.

• Different sources of light produce different patterns of

spectrum.

• The colour of the spectrum is corresponding to the

different energy level of atoms.

• For example, copper produces a blue colour when burnt

and sodium produces a yellow colour.

Learn

The colours of the visible light spectrum are

red, orange, yellow, green, blue and violet.

The visible spectrum of light is the portion of

the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible

light.

When you heat an atom, some of its electrons

may be "excited” to higher energy levels and

produce different colours when spontaneously

they release that energy.

copper produces a blue colourwhen burnt

sodium produces a yellow colour when burnt.

Learn

What are images made from?

Pixels make pictures and videos. There are millions and billions of pixels in a picture (or video) , however they are so small that you are not able to see them without a microscope.

Pixels are the building blocks of images. If you were to put a microscope over your phone/TV/tablet screen you’d see all the different coloured pixels that make up one image.

Learn

Building blocks of images: Pixels

Pixels come in specific shapes, they are squares. They also only come in three colours: red, green and blue.

The colours are different because the light of atoms are different.

Now what do you think: Can we touch a rainbow?

Apply

Apply

Testing the Knowledge

1. What do we call the process of light changing direction or slowing down when it passes through a medium like glass of water?

2. Do all wavelengths of light change direction the same amount as each other?

QLA: Ask a question to show your thinking!

Assessment

Answer the questions on the following slides, then self-assess using the answers on the last slide.

Assessment

Assessment

Assessment Answers

Light Ray

Angle of incidence

Angle of reflection

1.

Assessment Answers

2. We see things when rays from a light source travels straight to our eyes. We also see things when light reflects from objects to our eyes.

3. When an opaque, solid object – such as a hand – is put in front of a light source, light rays are blocked but the object. This then results in a shadow being formed as light can only travel in straight lines. The exception to this would be when light appears to bends via refraction.

4 & 5. No. Jane would not be able to see the lamp because the holes in the screens do not match up in-line with the object, which is the lamp. Light cannot bend and so the image of the lamp cannot bend through the holes in the screen. The only way to do this would be to introduce mirrors to reflect the image (light) towards the eyes.

1. A dark shadow will be cast by a transparent object.

True or False?

2. Light enters our eyes through our…

a) Retina

b) Iris

c) Pupil

d) Lens

3. Name 2 things that can happen when light hits an object. Reflection or Refraction

4. Why is it important to change only one thing at a time during a scientific test? To ensure a fair test and to ensure data is reliable. Testing only one variable at a time lets you analyse the results of your experiment to see how much a single change affected the result. If you're testing two variables at a time, you won't be able to tell which variable was responsible for the result.

Knowing more, remembering moreAnswers