You will learn: a.how to help someone who is choking b.how to treat a burn or scald c.how to help someone who is bleeding heavily from a wound d.how to

You will learn:

a. how to help someone who is choking

b. how to treat a burn or scald

c. how to help someone who is bleeding heavily from a wound

d. how to treat a sprain or strain

Learning objectives

Suddenly your friend starts choking on a piece of food…

… struggling for breath… holding his throat… turning red in the face…


mild choking

both

unable to speak difficulty

breathing

unable to breathe coughs red face

holding throat

unable to cough

answers when questioned

First ask: “Are you choking?”

Sort the boxes into the Venn diagram. See the next slide for answers…

severe choking


mild choking

severe choking

unable to speak

difficulty breathing

unable to breathe

coughs

red face

holding throat

unable to cough

answers when questioned

First ask: “Are you choking?”

both


If choking is mild, encourage the choking person to cough.

This should clear the problem.


If your friend can’t speak or cough, the choking is severe.

Your friend’s airway has been blocked by food.

Unable to breathe, your friend may quickly pass out.

You must act right away.

Airway

Food


When someone’s choking badly, you must do something.

The video clip shows you what to do…


If someone is choking, hit them firmly on their back between the shoulder blades to dislodge the object.

How does it work?This action creates a strong vibration and pressure in the airway, which is often enough to dislodge the blockage.

Dislodging the object will allow them to breathe again.

This animation shows how this works.


If necessary, call 999 or get someone else to do it.

Jon’s story My dad started choking at a BBQ. He was panicking - couldn't breathe or anything. At first I thought he was mucking around. I gave him a whack on the back or 'back blows' as they're called.

The first one didn't work so I had to do it again. The second one worked. Dad coughed up a bit of sausage. It was such a relief, I was treated like a hero for the rest of the day - well, I got extra pudding anyway.


Jay’s story

“My mum was ironing T-shirts when I heard her scream. She’d caught her arm on the hot iron.

The burn was huge and she was in tears. I knew I should do something…

It left a scar. I wish I’d known what to do. I should’ve helped her, but I didn’t know how.”

Watch the video clip to see what

to do



Cover the burn with cling film or a plastic bag.

Remove tight clothes or jewellery from around the burn...

Pour cold water on the burn.

Keep pouring cold water for at least 10 minutes.

Call 999 for an ambulance if the burn is very bad, or if in any doubt.

… but don’t remove any clothing that’s stuck to the burn itself.

Put the instructions in the right order…

Click to see the answer… C F E B D A

No!Cotton wool will stick to the burn. Never cover a burn with anything fluffy.

Yes!If you haven’t got water to cool a burn, a cold liquid, like milk will do

Yes!Use water to cool a burn for at least 10 minutes.

Would you put it on a burn? Click yes or no!

5. Cling film3. Cold water 4. Cold milk

2. Cotton wool1. Butter

Yes No


No!A doctor would have to scrape butter off the burn before treating it. Ouch!

Yes!Cling film won’t stick, so its great for covering burns to keep them clean.

“If only I’d known what to do.

I could’ve given my mum the right treatment!

If only I could go back in time…”

How could things have been different?


1. Cool the burn under cold running water for at least 10 minutes

2. After the burn has been cooled, cover it with cling film or a clean plastic bag.

3. If necessary, call 999 or get someone else to do it.

The main points again:


“I dropped a glass and cut my arm really badly clearing it up. There was so much blood!

It was all over the kitchen floor.

I started to panic, but my girlfriend was there and she knew what to do…”

If someone is losing a lot of blood, you need to do something.

c. how to treat a big bleed

How do you treat a big bleed?

To answer this question…

> Watch the video clip.


How do you treat a big bleed?

1. Put pressure on the wound

2. Call 999

3. Keep pressure on the wound until help arrives


Karl’s story

“I was about to score the first goal of the game when I tripped. It should have been embarrassing… but my ankle hurt too much for me to care!”

“I’d sprained my ankle. My ankle was bruised and it swelled up. I could hardly move it.

The coach told me that the soft parts of my ankle around the bones had been overstretched…”

d. how to treat sprains and strains

Strains and sprains are common injuries where there has been a sudden movement to part of the body.

How can you tell if someone has a strain or sprain?

How to treat a sprain or strain:

d. how to treat sprains and strains

1. Apply an ice pack to the injuryAn ice pack is ice or frozen vegetables wrapped in something such as a tea towel. Applying it to the injury will reduce the swelling and pain.

2. If there is no improvement seek medical advice.

Plenary

What key things have you learned from this session?

How confident do you feel that you would be able to help someone in an emergency?

Documents

You will learn: a.how to help someone who is choking b.how to treat a burn or scald c.how to help someone who is bleeding heavily from a wound d.how to