The Dayton Philharmonic Orchestra Neal Gittleman, Music Director

Young People’s Concert

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May 13, 2008 The Dayton Philharmonic Orchestra

Neal Gittleman, Music Director

May 13, 2008 9:30 and 11:10 a.m.

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Greeting Prelude Igor Stravinsky

(1882-1971) Symphony No. 36, 4th mvt. “Linz” Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

(1756-1791) Orpheus in the Underworld, Overture Jacques Offenbach

(1819-1880) Brook Green Suite Gustav Holst

(1874-1934) Trumpet Concerto Alexander Arutiunian

Kyle Kremer, Trumpet Soloist (b. 1920) Variations on “Happy Birthday” John Williams

(b. 1932)

Thank you to Key Bank as a supporter of DPO Education programs. The Dayton Philharmonic Orchestra Young People’s Concerts are underwritten

by MeadWestvaco Foundation

with additional support for Charles D. Berry

About the Conductor Neal Gittleman, Music Director Birthplace: Panama Canal Zone First Music Lesson: Unless you count singing, it was piano lessons from my mother when I was about six Instruments I play: Violin, viola, piano… I became a conductor because: I love orchestral music and I love the music-making that goes on in orchestras My job as a conductor is: To help the musicians play the music as well as they possibly can Favorite food: Black beans and rice Favorite childhood book: Winnie the Pooh What I like to do in my spare time: Play golf, squash, t’ai chi, read books, see movies

♪Listen to Music Director Neal Gittleman’s

introduction on CD Track 1.

Dear Educator, Welcome to the May 13, 2008 Dayton Philharmonic Orchestra Young People’s

Concert, LLeeaappiinngg TThhrroouugghh TTiimmee. (Happy 75th Birthday Dayton Philharmonic

Orchestra!) Each of the compositions on this concert were written

within 75 years of each other leading up to the DPO 2008 birthday year. This concert will explore the cultural, historical, and musical events in 1783, 1858, 1933, and 2008. These events will be explored both at the concert performance and in these concert preparation materials. The program notes and the CD of concert excerpts are created to assist music specialists and classroom teachers in preparing their students for the concert experience. Please feel free to copy these materials to share with other teachers in your building who will attend the concert. You may also download these materials from the DPO website, www.daytonphilharmonic.com. From the homepage at the top, click on Education then Field Trip Programs then Intermediate Grades.

The teacher notes contain information about the composers and their music, and ideas for integrating this information across the curriculum. The activities are meant to be used in the regular classroom, as well as the music classroom, and do not require familiarity with the music. We hope these ideas will help provide an enjoyable and enriching experience for students and teachers.

Gloria S. Pugh Director of Education Dayton Philharmonic Orchestra

♪ Listen to Mr. Gittleman’s introduction to this concert on CD Track 2.

Program Objective: To explore the connection between music and history This concert theme and the information in these notes reinforce

Ohio Academic Content Standards in Fine Arts, Language Arts, and Social St di

GGrreeeettiinngg PPrreelluuddee ((11995555)) IIggoorr SSttrraavviinnsskkyy ((11888822--11997711)) About the Composer Igor Stravinsky is one of the most well-known and important composers of the 20th century. His compositions broke many of the rules of earlier musical time periods and paved the way for

contemporary music. Stravinsky was born in Russia and grew up in St. Petersburg, where his father was an opera singer, so Igor grew up around a lot of musicians who often visited the Stravinsky home. He heard a lot of music during his youth. Igor took piano lessons and later some music theory and composition lessons, but he was not particularly a standout as a young musician. In fact his parents insisted that he should be a lawyer, so he attended law school and didn’t do much with his musical interests until after his graduation in 1907. At this point Stravinsky knew that a law career was not for him so he began to study composition. He is best known for his ballets. The Firebird is the one that is performed most often as an orchestra piece. The performance of one of his other ballets, The Rite of Spring, actually caused a riot in the theater where it was performed. The music was so dissonant and rhythmically irregular that audience members got in fistfights during the performance, and the dancers could barely hear the music over the noise and booing! Many audience members walked out, and the police had to be summoned to control the crowd during the second act. This was the beginning of Stravinsky’s reputation as a composer – one who pushed the traditional rules of composition. During World War II Stravinsky immigrated to the United States and settled in Hollywood, California. He became a US citizen in 1940. Stravinsky spent his last years conducting, recording his own works, and giving interviews. He died at the age of 88 in New York City. Igor Stravinsky has a star in the Hollywood Walk of Fame and after his death was given a Grammy Award for Lifetime Achievement in 1987. Inside the Music Greeting Prelude

♪ Listen to CD Track 3. This short work was written as an 80th birthday surprise for the conductor, Pierre Monteux. The piece uses the familiar “Happy Birthday to You” melody, but in distinctive Stravinsky style. There is an interesting story about Stravinsky’s writing of this piece. Stravinsky assumed (like many of us) that this melody was a folk tune and didn’t realize that it was, and still is, under copyright. So after the first performance of this piece, the publisher who held that copyright called Stravinsky to tell him that he should have asked for permission to use “Happy Birthday” in his music and should have paid the publisher a royalty fee. Luckily for Stravinsky he was a well-known composer by this time and trusting that it was an honest mistake, the publisher forgave him his error without any legal or monetary consequences! ♪ Listen to CD Track 4. This brief excerpt is from the finale of The Rite of Spring. How do your 21st century ears respond to the sounds you hear? Do you find it as unsettling as the first audience might have? Now ♪ listen to “Greeting Prelude” on CD Track 5. Can you identify the tune “Happy Birthday?” Is it difficult to hear? Why or why not? Do you ever hear the complete melody? How is the style similar to or different from The Rite of Spring?

Answer to above: Happy Birthday was actually first written as a children’s song entitled “Good Morning to All.” It was written by two sisters, Mildred Hill, a teacher, and Dr. Patty Hill, the principal at the Experimental Kindergarten School in Louisville, Kentucky. They published the song in 1893 as part of a collection of children’s songs. Thirty-one years later, Robert Coleman added “Happy Birthday” as a second verse to the song and published it without the sisters’ knowledge. Eventually, the first verse was dropped and “Happy Birthday” became popular as the official birthday song. Mr. Coleman was later taken to court by the sisters who successfully argued that they owned the melody. So the family legally owns the song and is entitled to royalties whenever it is performed publicly. According to the Guinness Book of

Discuss This: Where you think the song “Happy Birthday” came from. Make up your own story about this song before reading the information below.

World Records, “Happy Birthday” is the most popular song in the English language.

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Vocabulary ballet copyright prelude publisher royalties, royalty

Symphony No. 36, K. 425, C major “Linz” (1783) 4th mvt Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) About the Composer What were you doing when you were 8 years old? At this young age, Mozart had already toured the major cities of Europe for two years, performing as a child prodigy on the piano and violin. The ultimate ‘stage father’, Leopold Mozart wrote of his son: "The boy will play a concerto on the violin, accompany symphonies on the piano, completely cover the keyboard of the piano with a cloth and play as well as if he had the keyboard under his eyes; he will accurately name any notes that are sounded for him singly or in chords; on the piano or any imaginable instrument, including bells, glasses, and glocks [glockenspiel]. Finally, he will improvise not only on the piano, but also on the organ." As a child prodigy, Mozart’s special gifts amazed all those with whom he came in contact. From the age of six, his father, who was a violinist, took Mozart on the road giving concerts and showing off his amazing talent all through Europe. It seemed there was nothing in music that he could not do better than anyone else. He could compose a complicated piece while thinking another one in his head, read perfectly at sight any piece of music put in front of him, or hear a long piece of music for the first time and write it down note for note! He wrote his first composition when he was only six years old. Mozart wrote over 600 works in his brief lifetime! Twelve of them were operas. Mozart was interested in opera all of his life, writing his first opera at the age of thirteen. Today, his comic operas are standard repertoire in the great opera houses.

Inside the Music Symphony No. 36, “Linz,” 4th movement ♪ Listen to CD Track 6. This lively movement of Symphony No. 36 is much like a conversation. Often the strings of the orchestra play alone, then the winds play, and then often they play at the same time. Sometimes the statements in the conversation are short and sometimes they are long. ♪ Listen to CD Track 7 and see if you can hear the follow conversation:

Strings 6 seconds Strings and Winds 3 seconds Strings 8 seconds Strings and Winds 3 seconds Strings 5 seconds Strings and Winds 8 seconds Strings 5 seconds Strings and Winds 6 seconds Strings 3 seconds

The wonderful thing about music is that we all hear it differently and there is no right or wrong way to respond!

Discuss this: What is a prodigy? What would it be like to be a child prodigy? What would be the advantages and disadvantages? Can you think of any contemporary prodigies? What other composers represented in this concert were child prodigies?

Think About This: Listen to this track again. What kinds of conversation do you hear? How would you describe the moods of the participants? Write down some adjectives that describe the conversation as you listen. Does your list reflect different moods?

Try This: Write a conversation that matches what you hear in this short excerpt, using two characters as represented by the strings and winds. Share your conversations with the class. How did your classmates conversations differ?

Vocabulary compose composition glockenspiel movement prodigy repertoire

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About the Composer Jacob Offenbach was a French cellist and composer who was one of the creators of the operetta form. An operetta is light-hearted and often comical work which includes singing, dancing and spoken words. Offenbach was born in Cologne, Germany and was the seventh child in a musical family. His father, who was a bookbinder, translator, publisher, Jewish cantor, music teacher, and composer, gave him violin lessons. The Offenbach family often played music together.

Jacob wrote his first piece at the age of six and played his first concert when he was twelve. He later decided that he loved playing the cello and was soon so good at it that his father enrolled him at a special music school in Paris to continue his cello studies. It was here that he fell in love with France, changed his name to Jacques and from this point forward considered himself to be a Frenchman. Jacques got a job in the orchestra of the Opera Comique (Comic Opera) and became quite well-known as a cellist. He performed for Queen Victoria and Prince Albert who were so impressed with his performance that they presented him with a very expensive diamond ring. As a result of this gift, he was able to return to Paris with some money in his pocket and was then able to spend all of his time composing. Jacques was a nonconformist and a bit off-beat, so his music was often not very serious. In his music he poked fun at everything: other composers, the court, the Emperor, the army and politicians. He couldn’t get any theaters interested in presenting any of his compositions, so he rented his own theater! He wrote 100 operettas, and audiences and critics either loved them or hated them with little in between. His music was lively, simple, and reflected the fun-loving spirit of the age.

♪ Listen to CD Track 8. Inside the Music Orpheus in the Underworld, Overture (1858) Written 75 years before the DPO was founded, Orpheus in the Underworld was Offenbach’s first full-length operetta. This musical satire is based on the myth of Orpheus and Eurydice (pron: your-ID-ih-see). It pokes fun at politicians and cultural figures of the day and on the beliefs and ideas of the time. This work contains the famous Can-Can which as a musical joke is danced by the gods of the Underworld! The operetta was not well received until a really bad review appeared in the newspaper. After that, Parisians rushed to the theater to see what all the fuss was about! Over 225 performances followed. The run ended because the cast was exhausted! ♪ Listen to CD Track 9. How does the music tell you that the operetta is not going to be terribly serious? ♪ Listen to CD Track 10. The middle of the overture describes the more romantic part of the story. How is the music different from the music on Track 9?

Vocabulary operetta overture

BBrrooookk GGrreeeenn SSuuiittee GGuussttaavv HHoollsstt ((11887744--11993344)) About the Composer Gustav Holst was born in Cheltenham, England to a very musical family. His grandfather was a harp composer and teacher, and his mother was a singer. His father was a pianist, organist, and choirmaster who also taught piano and gave recitals. He was Gustav’s first violin and piano teacher. Holst suffered from asthma and his father thought taking instrumental lessons would help his condition! Like Stravinsky and Offenbach, Holst grew up with a lot of music around him. By the age of 12, Holst was playing the trombone and had started some composing. From this young age he knew that composing was what he wanted to do for a living, but he soon discovered that earning a living as a composer was very difficult. To make ends meet he became the music director for a girl’s school in 1904. Holst was a very successful teacher who believed in learning by doing. Holst accepted several different teaching positions which kept him so busy that he didn’t have much time left for composing. Gustav suffered from poor health throughout his life. In addition to composing, he had dreamed of being a concert pianist. But he had a physical problem in his right arm which made it impossible for him to play and perform on a regular basis. By 1924 he had to lessen both his school workload and his time composing because of his health. Holst composed many different kinds of compositions in many different styles. While his music was not all that popular during his lifetime, it greatly influenced later English composers. ♪ Listen to CD Track 11.

About the Music Brook Green Suite (1933) This composition for strings was written while Holst was in the hospital, just one year before his death. He wrote it for his students at the St. Paul’s Girls School and it was intended to be a challenge piece for his young orchestra. A suite is a set of pieces, or movements that are usually of different moods. This suite reflects Holst’s interest in folk music. Though it isn’t based on specific folk songs, much of the music has a folk-like sound to it. There are three movements in the Brook Green Suite:

I. Prelude (Allegretto), II. Air (Andante), III. Dance (Allegro) ♪ Listen to excerpts from each of the movements on CD Tracks 12,13,14. How would you describe each of these sections? Which sounds the most folk-song like? Why? Which sounds like a dance? What key element in the music makes it sounds ‘danceable?’

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Events of 1933 Dayton Philharmonic Orchestra founded!

• Franklin Delano Roosevelt inaugurated • Golden Gate Bridge construction begins Golden

Gate Bridge • Adolph Hitler appointed Chancellor of Germany • Dachau, the 1st German concentration camp is dedicated • Gestapo established

• 1st drive-in theater in Camden, NJ • Ice cream cone invented in Brooklyn, NY • Chocolate chip cookie invented by Ruth Wakefield • Philo Farnsworth invents television

Vocabulary air allegretto allegro andante suite

Trumpet Concerto Alexander Arutiunian (b. 1920)

About the Composer There is not much biographical information on Alexander Arutiunian other than he is an Armenian composer and pianist whose music has been performed by many orchestras. Much of his music was inspired by the folk music of Armenia. In addition to composing music, he has also been the Music Director of the Armenian People’s Orchestra and was named the People’s Artist of the Soviet Union. He has written

several works for orchestra and for solo instruments. The Trumpet Concerto, written in 1950, is one of his best-known works. About the Soloist Kyle Kremer is the winner of the Dayton Philharmonic Orchestra’s annual Young Musician’s Concerto Competition. The winner of this competition receives a cash prize and the opportunity to perform with the Dayton Philharmonic at a Young People’s Concert. Kyle started playing the trumpet when he was in the 6th grade and has loved playing ever since. He says that he has been successful due to hard work and great teachers. Kyle is a senior at Kettering Fairmont High School where he plays trumpet in the Marching Firebirds, Wind Ensemble, Jazz Band, and Pep Band. He is also a member of the National Honor Society, French Honor Society, and the Fairmont tennis team. Kyle maintains a 4.50 grade point average! He has also performed as principal trumpet of the Dayton Philharmonic Youth Orchestra for the past three years. Outside of school, Kyle likes to play basketball, tennis, and solve math problems. He has been an active Boy Scout for eight years and completed his Eagle Scout when he was fourteen.

After high school, Kyle plans to double major in Music Performance and Math and eventually perform with a professional orchestra.

About the Music Trumpet Concerto (1950) A concerto is a piece of music written for orchestra and a solo instrument and is like a conversation between the two. Sometimes the orchestra has the important part, sometimes the solo instrument has the important part, and sometimes they speak at the same time. The music follows an ABA form in a fast-slow-fast pattern. The piece begins with an introduction. ♪ Listen to CD Track 15. What kind of mood does the introduction infer the rest of the concerto might be? ♪ Listen to the beginning of the first section on CD Track 16. Was the mood what you expected it to be? The trumpet plays the main theme and then the orchestra answers much like the Mozart Symphony No. 36, 4th movement. The middle section is calm and features a beautiful, calm melody that is introduced by the clarinet, then played by the trumpet, and then played by the trumpet and orchestra together. ♪ Listen to CD Track 17. The 3rd section returns to the moods of the first section and includes some very fancy playing by the trumpet. This section gives the soloist a chance to really show off what he can do on his instrument.

Think About This: Would you be nervous if you were going to perform in front of 2,000 people? Even though Kyle is very well-prepared to play his piece, he will probably be a little nervous. What can you do as an audience

Vocabulary concerto movement

VVaarriiaattiioonnss oonn ““HHaappppyy BBiirrtthhddaayy”” JJoohhnn WWiilllliiaammss ((bb.. 11993322)) About the Composer John Williams is without a doubt one of the best-known composers of our time. He has written music for more than 80 of the most famous movie scores in history and has received 5 Academy Awards (and 45 nominations, which is a record for the most Oscar nominations for a living person), 20 Grammys, 4 Golden Globes, 2 Emmys, and 5 BAFTA Awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts!!! Whew! What American child or adult is not familiar with at least one John Williams tune? Best known for his film scores, he has written music for such classic favorites as Superman, the Indiana Jones series, Jaws, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, ET, Jurassic Park, all of the Star Wars movies, and Harry Potter, to name only a few. Williams’ 1977 score to the first Star Wars film was selected in 2005 by the American Film Institute as the greatest American movie score of all time. Jaws and E.T. were #6 and #14 on the same list. Just imagine watching these films without the richness of John Williams’ themes. Mr. Williams was born on Long Island, New York to a musical family. The family moved from New York to Los Angeles, California where Mr. Williams studied music at UCLA. After serving in the Air Force, he studied at the Juilliard School of Music in New York where he studied piano and also worked as a jazz pianist in clubs and on recordings. In 1956, he was hired by 20th Century Fox as a pianist in their studio orchestra and soon was writing music for TV shows such as Gilligan’s Island, Lost in Space, and Wagon Train. This was the beginning of his amazing career. In addition to his impressive list of movie music, John Williams has composed music for the Olympics and many concert pieces for orchestra and chamber groups. From 1980-1993, he was the conductor of the distinguished Boston Pops Orchestra and now serves as the Boston Pops Laureate Conductor. He currently is Artist-in-Residence at Tanglewood in western Massachusetts, the summer home of the Boston Symphony. For a complete and awesome listing of the works of John Williams,

go to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Williams . Also check out wwwwww..jjoohhnnwwiilllliiaammss..oorrgg ♪ Listen to CD Track 18. About the Music Variations on “Happy Birthday” This piece was first performed at Tanglewood, Massachusetts in 1995. It was written to honor the 60th birthday of the Boston Symphony Orchestra’s conductor, Seiji Ozawa. This date was also very close to the birthdays of some famous soloists who were all on stage on the night of this concert. The main idea of this composition was to give each section of the orchestra the melody to play with its unique own style. Then the entire orchestra and the audience would join in. According to Williams, “It was wonderful fun and the possibility of sharing this with other audiences that might fill in the name of their own birthday honoree is a joyful prospect for me.”

So, once again: Happy Birthday Dayton Philharmonic Orchestra!

Critical thinking: There is no recording of this work. However, knowing many works by John Williams, how would you expect this to sound? After the concert discuss whether or not the piece met your expectations. Why or why not?

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Write five sentences that include some of the new vocabulary words you have learned. They are listed on the previous page. After the concert, write a short paragraph about the composition that you enjoyed the most. Describe why you liked it and how it made you feel. Send a thank-you note to the conductor Maestro Gittleman and the musicians of the Dayton Philharmonic Orchestra thanking them for all the practice that went into preparing the concert for you. Let them know what you liked about your experience. Write a five line poem according to the following format: Write Line 1 = 1 word A poem, Line 2 = 2 words A musical memory, Line 3 = 3 words In fifteen words, Remember: Line 4 – 4 words Add a word each line. Line 5 = 5 words

Poetry by the Number __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ Share your paragraphs, thank-you notes, and poems with the Dayton Philharmonic Orchestra!

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Using the information contained in this packet match the composer with the facts listed below.

A. Arutiunian

B. Holst

C. Mozart

D. Offenbach

E. Stravinsky

F. Williams

____ He composed music for the Olympics.

____ One of his compositions caused fistfights during the performance.

____ He was a child prodigy.

____ His music was meant to be funny and to poke fun at important people.

____ He was a very good teacher.

____ He wrote lots of movie music.

____ He didn’t realize that the song “Happy Birthday” was under copyright!

____ He loved to play the cello.

____ He wrote over 600 works.

____ He is from Armenia.

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Composer Birth and Death Dates Years Lived Igor Stravinsky 1882-1971 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 1756-1791 Jacques Offenbach 1819-1880 Gustav Holst 1874-1934 Alexander Arutiunian b. 1920 John Williams b. 1932 Complete the chart above and answer the following questions: Who had the longer life, Offenbach or Holst? ____________ Of the composers born in the 1900s, who is the oldest? ____________ How old was Stravinsky when John Williams was born? ________ How many composers were alive during the 20th century? ________ Now complete the chart below to find out what age each composer was when he wrote the piece featured in this program.

Composer Birth Date Date of Work Age Igor Stravinsky 1882 1955 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 1756 1783 Jacques Offenbach 1819 1858 Gustav Holst 1874 1933 Alexander Arutiunian b. 1920 1920 John Williams b. 1932 1995

MMuussiicc aanndd CCiittiizzeennsshhiipp Composers and Their Countries

Locate on a map or globe the capital cities of the countries in which these composers were born. Name the capital and the continent of each in the chart below. Composer Birthplace Capital Continent Igor Stravinsky Russia Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Austria Gustav Holst England Alexander Arutiunian Armenia John Williams United States Using your classroom map and your answers in the chart above, answer these questions. Which continents are not represented by these composers?

______________________ ______________________ _____________________ What direction would Holst have traveled to visit Stravinsky?

____________________ What ocean would Williams have to cross to visit Arutiunian?

______________________________ What is the largest country represented?

______________________________ The smallest? _____________________________

TTiimmeelliinnee Music and History

Composers’ History Your Choice

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart born 1756

Jacques Offenbach born 1819

Gustav Holst born 1874

Igor Stravinsky born 1882 Alexander Arutiunian born 1920

John Williams born 1932

1800

1750

1900

2000

MMuussiicc aanndd HHiissttoorryy Choose two events that occurred during each composer’s lifetime, and place those events on the Music and History Timeline on the previous page.

1714 DG Fahrenheit constructs mercury thermometer 1751 The minuet becomes a fashionable European dance 1752 Benjamin Franklin flies kite to demonstrate electricity 1764 Mozart composes his first symphony at age 8 1769 Invention of the steam engine 1776 Declaration of Independence 1780 U.S. Constitution adopted 1787 George Washington becomes President 1812 First canned food 1814 Francis Scott Key writes words to The Star Spangled Banner 1826 World’s first photograph 1849 Gold discovered in California Louis Pasteur Introduces theory of germs 1865 Civil War ends slavery 1869 1st US transcontinental rail route completed 1876 Electric light, (1879) telephone invented 1889 Eiffel Tower built for Paris International Exposition 1894 Italian engineer Marconi builds first radio equipment 1895 First motion picture 1896 Henry Ford builds his first experimental car 1900 Coca Cola introduced 1903 Wright brothers begin the Aviation Age 1908 Model-T car introduced by Henry Ford 1914-1918 World War I 1917 Russian Revolution 1925 Scottish inventor John Baird transmits human features by television 1927 Lindbergh’s solo flight across the Atlantic 1931 Empire State Building opens in New York City 1933 Dayton Philharmonic Orchestra founded 1938 Oil discovered in Saudi Arabia 1943 Penicillin discovered 1951 Color TV introduced in the U.S. 1957 1st earth satellite in orbit by USSR; US in 1958 1961 First manned space flight 1964 U.S. Civil Rights Act 1968 Martin Luther King Jr assassinated 1969 US astronauts on the moon 1981 Home computers widely available 1992 World Wide Web created for home use 1995 Leaders of Serbia, Bosnia and Croatia sign peace agreement in Dayton, OH 1998 E-mail becomes popular

1999 First balloon flight around the world 2000 International space station launched

MMuussiicc aanndd CCiittiizzeennsshhiipp Concert Audience Responsibilities

Being a member of an audience is an important responsibility. Musicians can concentrate and play their very best when all audience members observe appropriate concert manners. Discuss the difference between attending a live symphony orchestra concert, attending a rock concert, and listening to music or watching a television show at home. Review the following concert manners:

♪ Welcome the concertmaster to the stage with applause

♪ Welcome the conductor and/or soloist to the stage with applause.

♪ Sit quietly while the music is played. ♪ Remain in your seat throughout the concert. ♪ Applaud when the conductor puts down his baton at the end of each

composition.

Think about this: How do you feel when you have to perform or makea presentation in front of a group of people? Does the audience response and behavior have an effect on how well you perform?

MMuussiicc aanndd CCiittiizzeennsshhiipp Concert Listening Tips

Going to an orchestra concert takes mental energy. Here’s what you can do to be sure you get the most from your concert experience.

NOTICE! When you are seated you will be part of an audience of about 2,100 people. Some of the musicians will already be on the stage warming up. When it is time for the concert to begin, the concertmaster, who sits in the first violin chair, will stand and all the musicians will tune their instruments to a note played by the oboe. When they are ready, the conductor will enter the stage and it is appropriate for you to welcome him with applause. CONCENTRATE! Listening to music is like going on a trip in that all parts of the trip, the exciting parts and the less exciting parts, make up the whole thing. But music is more of a challenge because you must concentrate to see and hear what is happening. Here’s what you can do to stay focused and enjoy the concert.

Don’t let people around you distract you. Let the music get inside you. Remember that the music is being played just for you!

Take time to look at each instrument as it is being played. As you

watch, can you hear that instrument?

Musicians have conversations with their instruments. Which instruments seem to be talking back and forth to each other?

Observe how many different ways sound is produced in an orchestra.

What does the conductor do? How does he show the loud and soft,

fast and slow parts of the music? What else do you notice that he does?

It’s a workout, but if you really concentrate and are alert to everything happening on the stage,

the music will speak to you and you will have a great time!

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Use the Points of Interest key to the right to answer the following questions.

What number represents the Schuster Performing Arts Center on the map? _____ Draw a circle around it.

Is your school to the north, south, east or west of downtown Dayton? _________

What downtown street could your bus driver or chaperone take to arrive at the Schuster Center? ______________________

Points of Interest 2. Courthouse Square 4. Dayton Art Institute 5. Dayton Convention Center 7. The Dayton Metro Library 8. The Dayton Visual Arts Center 10. Fifth Third Field 12. K12 Gallery for Young People 13. The Loft Theatre 14. Memorial Hall 15. National City 2nd Street Public Market 16. The Neon Movies 17. Old Court House 18 Oregon District 19. RiverScape MetroPark 20 Schuster Performing Arts Center

i i i

What number represents the Dayton Metro Library on the map? _____ Draw a circle around it on the map. Describe a route you could take to travel from the concert at the Schuster Center to the library.

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• air – a song • allegretto – a little slower than allegro • allegro – a fast and lively tempo • andante – moderately slow • ballet – a type of performance where

dancers, accompanied by music, tell a story or set a mood

• compose – to write a piece of music • composition – a piece of music • concerto – a musical work for a soloist who is

accompanied by orchestra • conductor – a person who directs an orchestra • copyright – the exclusive right to copy or reproduce, publish, or sell

a literary or artistic work • dynamics – the musical term for loud and soft sounds • glockenspiel – a percussion instrument with a series of metal bars

chromatically tuned, played with two hammers • movement (in music) – a section of a larger musical work that can

stand alone • operetta – a light-hearted, sentimental theatrical work in popular

style which includes singing, dancing, and spoken dialogue • overture – a musical introduction to a theatrical work • prelude – a piece of music designed to introduce another piece of

music (an introductory piece) • prodigy – a person who has an unusual natural talent at

a very early age • publisher – commonly used to refer to the

company that prints music or books • royalty – a payment made to a composer (or author) for

each copy of a work sold • satire – a work which makes fun of persons or events • suite – a set of pieces or movements that are usually of

different character • symphony – a long piece of music for orchestra that is

divided into several movements or sections glockenspiel

MMuussiicc WWeebb SSiitteess Allmusic www.allmusic.com AMG (originally known as All Music Guide) website created ‘as a place for music fans to indulge their passion.’ A comprehensive music source. American Symphony Orchestra League: Play Music www.playmusic.org An interactive site featuring music games and interviews with young artists and contemporary composers. Classical Archives www.classicalarchives.com Large classical music site with full-length music files, composers, live recordings, MIDI files and more. Free use for 5 files/day. Classical Net www.classical.net/music/welcome.html Find 4200 classical music files right with links to 2500 more. Classics for Kids www.classicsforkids.com Based on the WGUC radio program Classics for Kids, this site features information about composers and pieces featured on the show. Dayton Philharmonic Orchestra www.daytonphilharmonic.com On our site find out about education programs, composers and music being played this season, artists and their instruments. Email us if you want to change your reservations. To download the Teacher’s Notes, from our homepage select Education then Field Trip Programs then Secondary Grades. The Notes are at the bottom of that page. The Dallas Symphony Orchestra www.dsokids.com Music is fun to learn! Dallas Symphony Orchestra Music Education Site. From the Top www.fromthetop.org Explore the world of classical music by meeting other young musicians. Discover musical facts, stories, or guides to all things music-related. Fun Music Ideas http://www.funmusicideas.com Fun music ideas is a free monthly e-mail newsletter full of ideas for helping students learn music. Karadar Classical Music Dictionary www.karadar.com Information on composers, works by genre, MIDI and MP3 files. Music History 102 www.ipl.org/exhibit/mushist Read about composers from the Middle Ages to the present and hear MIDI files of their music.

Music Notes: An Interactive Online Musical Experience http://hyperion.advanced.org/15413/ Clear, concise explanations of many aspects of music, plus a section of interactive games. The New York Philharmonic Kidzone! www.nyphilkids.org Interactive web site for kids, parents, and teachers. World History www.hyperhistory.com Over 2000 files covering 3000 years of world history.

AAvvaaiillaabbllee CCoommppaacctt DDiisskk RReeccoorrddiinnggss Recorded excerpts were taken from the following compact disc recordings:

Brook Green Suite (Holst): English Chamber Orchestra/Yehudi Menuhin, EMI 7243 5 75981 2 5. Greeting Prelude (Stravinsky): London Symphony Orchestra/Michael Tilson Thomas, EMI 09026-68865-2. Orpheus in the Underworld, Overture (Offenbach): Cincinnati Pops Orchestra/Erich Kunzel, Telarc 80116.