Young Republicans

Childhood in the Early National Period

I) Status of Children in the Late 18th Century

Childrearing in Transition

authoritarian/evangelical

authoritarian/moderate

affectionate/genteel Health

childbearing

increase in childhood epidemics

A New “City on a Hill”: Republicanism

Republican Ideology Virtue Republican Motherhood Public Education

Reform Impulse

Horace Mann

State Board of Education

Standards

Normal Schools

McGuffey Readers

Columbia Presents Two Children to the Goddess of Wisdom, 1787

Horace Mann, 1796-1859

McGuffey’s First Reader, 1841

McGuffey’s Second Reader, 1841

Lesson 10, McGuffey’s Reader

Discovering Childhood: The Rise of Child Nurture

--Dwindling family size

--Secularization of society

--Advice books and magazines

Parent’s Magazine, Mother’s Assistant

Dwight, The Father’s Book

--Health and diet

The origins of “modern” childhood

III) Refuges and Reformatories

Attitudes about Delinquency Orphanages Workhouses/Almshouses New York House of Refuge, 1825

Immigrants as chief residents Reform Schools

IV) The Peale Museum as Republican Education

Charles Wilson Peale The Peale Museum, Philadelphia, 1786 Natural History

Mastodon

Lewis and Clark Artifacts

Costumed figures of all races of world

Ticket to the Peale Museum, Philadelphia

The Artist and His Museum

Recovering the Mastodon Skeleton