[Your name here]

US Juvenile Justice Early HistoryUS Juvenile Justice Early History

Only adult system exist. No special protection for

children. Young people treated

like adults. Young criminals

prosecuted like adults. Neglected and

delinquent children handled.

1800s Child-Saver Movement1800s Child-Saver Movement

Reformers of 19th century House of Refuge Children’s Aid Society,

Mostly Caucasians from upper class.

Mostly female but headed by males.

Members mostly from organized religion.

1800s Child-Saver Movement1800s Child-Saver Movement

Took children out of alm houses.

Stood against child labor Demanded provision of

public education Restricted young

people's freedom and autonomy.

Disenfranched young people’s rights.

First Juvenile Court First Juvenile Court

1899 – Juvenile Court Act of Illinois

Help of Jane Addams Civil Court Influences from Parens

Patriae and Child-Saver Movements.

Courts to serve as school to teach juveniles.

First Juvenile CourtFirst Juvenile Court

Separate court for juveniles created.

Different institutional facilities and court proceedings.

Distinction between delinquent and neglected youth.

Focused rehabilitating juveniles. Focused on protection and

guidance of juveniles.

Parens Patriae Parens Patriae

The State as parent Rights to parental care Concerned with the protection of

children. Treatment and rehabilitation

approach. Children can be molded and

corrected.

Parens Patriae Influence to US Parens Patriae Influence to US Juvenile Court Development Juvenile Court Development

Minors have no legal capacity. State has right to intervene with

juvenile’s life. State responsibility to protect

children when their parents fail to give due supervision.

Juveniles requires different treatment.

Changes in the Legal Rights Changes in the Legal Rights of Juvenile Offendersof Juvenile Offenders

Right to counsel Right to appeal one's conviction. Right to trial by jury. Right to have punishment

consistent with the seriousness of the crime.

Right to confront witness

Indiana Codes Indiana Codes

To cross-examine witnesses; .To obtain witnesses or tangible evidence by compulsory process.

To introduce evidence on his own behalf.

Represented by counsel. Refrain from testifying against

himself. Confront witnesses.

ConclusionConclusion

First Juvenile Court establishes through the Juvenile Act.

Parens Patriae and Child-Saver Movement influenced creation of first Juvenile Court.

Juvenile Court System separated juveniles from adult court system.

Provided protection to juveniles. Laws and juvenile offenders legal

rights continue to change.

ReferencesReferencesChildren and the state: the development of

institutionalization. Retrieved November 24, 2008 from http://homepage.mac.com/brenn/Child%20Savers.html

Juvenile Court history. Retrieved November 24, 2008 from 16th Judicial Circuit Court of Jackson County Website: http://www.family-court.org/history.htm

Juvenile justice: a century of change. Retrieved November 24, 2008 from http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/178995.pdf

Rights of Juvenile Offenders. Retrieved November 25, 2006 from http://www.in.gov/history/files/rtsofjuveniles.pdf

The child Savers. Retrieved November 25, 2006 from http://ice.prohosting.com/~unmediat/platt1.html

The First Juvenile Court. Retrieved November 25, 2008 from http://www.360degrees.org/timeline/era7/era7_h.html