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What is it?What is it
for?
The Grid
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CERN
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4 ExperimentsALICE
CMS
LHCb ATLAS
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Answering the BIG question
•What actually happened at the big bang?
Answering other questions
•How does gravity work?•How do particles have mass?•Where is the rest of the universe?
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Combined they will create 15PB of Data
every yearThat’s the
equivalent of 22 Trillion Sheets of
A4
More than any single, current,
system can handle
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The Problem
Solution needs to be:• Able to handle massive amounts of data• Able to process large computing jobs• Relatively inexpensive• Simple to use• Accessible 24/7• Easily upgraded
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Super Computers?So we just build them bigger?
But:• Expensive• Inaccessible• Easily
outdated
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Solution: The Internet?
The network which physically
connects the worlds
computers allowing them to
communicate
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Tools built upon the Internet
•Worldwide Web•File Sharing networks •BOINC e.g. SETI@home
The Web specifically designed by scientists at CERN to help with their work
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The Next Stage• Build a new tool
– The computers in the institutions are already connected
– They already share files
How about sharing everything?
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The Electricity Grid
• Always on• As much or as little as you need on tap• Where/how power is generated is
irrelevant to the end user• Just plug in and go
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A Computing Grid
• Always on• As much or as little as you need on tap• Where/how computing power is
generated is irrelevant to the end user• Just plug in and go
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BeforeDistributed computing has been available to scientists for some time but: •The use of different sites has to be negotiated by each scientist individually. •They need a separate account on each system.•Jobs have to be submitted and results collected back by hand. Current distributed computing means the
user has a lot of work to do to get any work done.
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Middleware lets users simply submit jobs to the
Grid without having to know where the data is or
where the jobs will run. The software can run the job where the data is, or move the data to where
there is CPU power available.
Using the Grid and middleware, all the user has to do is submit a job and pick up
the results.
After
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GridPP is a collaboration of Particle Physicists and Computing Scientists
from 20 UK universities and CERN, who are building the UK arm of the Grid for
Particle Physics.
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University Of Birmingham
University Of BristolUniversity Of Cambridge
University Of OxfordRutherford Appleton
LaboratoryWarwick University
University of Sussex
Lancaster University
University Of Liverpool
University Of Manchester
University Of Sheffield
Durham University
University Of Edinburgh
University Of Glasgow
Brunel University
Imperial College London
Queen Mary, University Of
LondonRoyal Holloway,
University Of London
University College London
Swansea University
GridPP
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Numbers
• 20 Institutes• 100+ Individuals• 280TB of storage
• Equivalent of 6,420 desktop computers
Later this year we will have the equivalent of 10,000 desktop PCs on our Grid
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Projects
We are members of two Grid projects:• LCG
– LHC Computing Grid
• EGEE– Enabling Grids for E-sciencE
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Beyond Particle Physics
• WISDOM Challenges:– Avian Flu
• 100 years work done in 4 weeks
– Malaria • 50% of computing power provided by GridPP
• Inferno Grid– Humanities Project in Montclair University New
Jersey• Current texts available on the system include
Aristotle, Galen, Plato, Marcus Aurelius, and Commentaries
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http://www.gridpp.ac.uk