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URBAN POROSITY | GALYNA TOLKACHOVA
The project stands on the intersection of two opposite urban concerns - land consumption and an increas-ing amount of abandoned spaces. Against many years of urbanization the project considers urban porosity as a way to solve these two problems at the expense one of another in order to achieve effective land use. The concept is approached at the under used area in South-Western part of Milan.
CONTEXT | UNDER-USED AREA IN MILAN
1954 35%
1980 60%
2013 73%
PROJECT SITE
Continuous Urban fabric
Larger Urban Zone, Urban Audit 2004
In the last few decades in Italy, there has been massive urbanization disproportionate to the demographic increase, and mostly in the Po Valley (including Lombardy Region), where each day 200.000 m2 are urbanized, “about 30 soccer fields” (Legambiente Report, 2011)
URBANIZATION GROWTH IN THE LAST DECADES IN MILAN
CONTEXT/URBAN DENSITY
PROJECT SITE
Due to urban sprawl, URBANIZED areas has grown_ far beyond the city limits and displaced nature_
EEA land use map (European Commission 2011)
ROMOLO
CORSICO
CADORNA
MILANO CENTRALE
SEGRATE
GRECO PIRELLI
ROGOREDO
DOMODOSSOLA FIERA
P.TA ROMANA
CONTEXT / RAILWAY SYSTEM
PROJECT SITE
rail network
railway station
junction
railway in construction or project
railway stations planning to deconstruction
railway constructed since 2001
VIGEVANO
ABBIATEGRASSO
S.CRISTOFORO
PROJECT SITE
P. GENOVA
railway stations planning to construction
P. GENOVA
PROJECT SITEPROJECT SITE
PROJECT SITE
The whole railway leading to P.Genova will be DEMOLISHED_ It will move the flow of CUMMUTERS and train-metro INERCHANGE_
closer to S.Cristoforo and future line M4_
CANNOTIERI
ROMOLO
CORSICO
CADORNA
MILAN CENTRALE
SEGRATE
GRECO PIRELLI
ROGOREDO
DOMODOSSOLA FIERA
P.TA ROMANA
CONTEXT / RAILWAY SYSTEM
PROJECT SITE
rail network
railway station
junction
railway in construction or project
railway station planning to deconstruct
railway constructed since 2001
VIGEVANO
ABBIATEGRASSO
S.CRISTOFORO
PROJECT SITE
P. GENOVA
railway station planning to be constructed
ROMOLO
CORSICO
CADORNA
MILANO CENTRALE
SEGRATE
GRECO PIRELLI
ROGOREDO
DOMODOSSOLA FIERA
P.TA ROMANA
CONTEXT / RAILWAY SYSTEM
PROJECT SITE
rail network
railway station
junction
railway in construction or project
railway stations planning to deconstruction
railway constructed since 2001
VIGEVANO
ABBIATEGRASSO
S.CRISTOFORO
PROJECT SITE
P. GENOVA
railway stations planning to construction
P. GENOVA
PROJECT SITEPROJECT SITE
PROJECT SITE
The whole railway leading to P.Genova will be DEMOLISHED_ It will move the flow of CUMMUTERS and train-metro INERCHANGE_
closer to S.Cristoforo and future line M4_
CANNOTIERI
P. GENOVA
PROJECT SITEPROJECT SITE
PROJECT SITE
The whole railway leading to P.Genova will be DEMOLISHED_ It will move the flow of COMMUTERS and train-metro INTERCHANGE_
closer to S.Cristoforo and future line M4_
CANNOTIERI
CONTEXT / WATER SYSTEM
Rivers and lakes
Main canals
Secondary canals
Canals, which are planned to be uncovered 4 km of the project area are bordered by Naviglio Grande, an ancient water canal, leading from Lambro river to the Darsena in the city centre. Two secondary canals, cross the area which imply to be uncovered in the direction of Expo 2015 are also crucial for the project.
NAVIGLI
O GR
ANDE
DARSENA
New water way “Via DELL’Acqua“ will be created_ connecting Naviglio Grande to Expo 2015_
PROJECT SITE
PROJECT SITEVIA Dell’ AQUA
SITE ANALYSIS/MAIN AXES
Site is historically structured between two infrastructure axes: the water canal of Naviglio Grande and the train track which leads to countryside.
Water
Railways and associated land
Total area of the project site
450 000m2
4 200 m
S.CRISTOFORO
P.TA GENOVA
CONTEXT / CONNECTIONS
S.CRISTOFORO
P.TA GENOVA
ROMOLO
FAMAGOSTA
CONTEXT / PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMTRAM
METRO Line 2
BUS
P.TA GENOVA FS
P.TA GENOVA
MET
RO L
INE
2
TRAM
2
TRAM 14
S.CRISTOFORO FS
The most intensively used ways by pedestrians to get to the project area
CURRENTLY USED TRAIN STATIONS RAILWAY
CONTEXT / PEDESTRIAN ACCESSIBILITY
P.TA GENOVA FS
P.TA GENOVA
S.CRISTOFORO FS
Easily accesible areas for pedestrians in relation to the project area
5min
BIKING / JOGGING
CONTEXT / ACTIVITIES / POTENTIAL
STREET MARKET
SPORT CLUBS
WALL
P.TA GENOVA
S.CRISTOFORO
NAVIGLIO
SPORT CLUBS
CANOEING CLUBS
ANTIQUE MARKET
TORTONA DESIGN AREA
DESIGN RAILWAY
SENIGALLIA MARKET
SPORTSMEN
YOUNG PEOPLE
25-40
20-35
TOURISTS
FASHION ADDICTED
HIPSTERS
23-30
SPORTSMEN
YOUNG PEOPLE20-35
DESIGNERS
FASHION ADDICTED
TOURISTS
over 30
AUG
UST
CONTEXT / ACTIVITY FREQUENCY
DESIGN WEEK
FEBR
UAR
Y
MAR
CH
JANU
ARY
JUN
E
JULY
MAY
OC
TOB
ER
NO
VEMB
ER
DEC
EMB
ER
SEPTEMB
ER
APRIL
Cimento Invernale
TUE
WED
THU
MO
N
FRI
SUT
SUN
VOCATIONROWING
CANOE
YOUNG PEOPLE
WORKERS/RESIDENTS
WORKERS/RESIDENTS
MARKET DAY
CYCLISTSJOGGERS
YEAR
WEEK
WEEK
TUE
WED
THU
MO
N
FRI
SUT
SUN
MARKET DAY
CONTEXT / ACTIVITY FREQUENCY
>> UNDERUSED SPACE
>> UNDERUSED SPACE
V
SITE ANALYSIS / LAND USE
NOT USED Land
S.CRISTOFORO
Project site is surrounded with residential and industrial zones. While, a huge amount of the area is abandoned.
P.TA GENOVAUNDERUSED Land
URBANIZED ARTIFICIAL LANDGREEN/ UNPAVED AREAS
217 000 m2 198 000 m2 35 000 m2
AGRICULTURAL
CIT
Y B
OR
DER
BUILD-UP LAND
URBANIZED ARTIFICIAL LANDGREEN/ UNPAVED AREAS BUILD-UP LAND
48% 44% 8%
Areas where natural land has not been replaced by artificial materials or covered. It in-cludes private gardens, urban green and left-over empty areas.
Land used for urban functions - parking, storage areas etc. Also includes abandoned and underused non-green areas.
Surfaces with buildings orbuilding ruins
SITE ANALYSIS / LAND USE
Abandoned
warehouse Abandoned residen-
tial building
730 m2
200 m2
Unused
railway building
1 620 m2
Abandoned
watertower
26 m2
BUILD-UP LAND
ABANDONED BUILDINGS
URBAN FABRIC
Station building
in disuse
1 620 m2
Unfinished terminal
by Aldo Rossi
URBANIZED ARTIFICIAL LANDGREEN/ UNPAVED AREAS
CONCEPT | URBAN POROSITY
CONCEPT / URBAN POROSITY IN CITY SCALE
MAK
E U
RB
AN
FA
BR
IC M
OR
E C
OM
PAC
TAN
D E
XTE
ND
GR
EEN
ZO
NES
URBANIZED ARTIFICIAL LANDGREEN/ UNPAVED AREAS
AGRICULTURAL
BUILD-UP LAND
48% 44% 8%
Extend environmental system into the urban areas. Create and preserve natural areas inside the city.
CONCEPT / URBAN POROSITY / LAND USE
CIT
Y B
OR
DER
BUILD-UP LAND
Frame new developments inside already urbanized ar-eas.
EXISTING
CONCEPT
REU
SE A
BA
ND
ON
ED S
TRU
CTU
RES
NATURAL GREEN
URBANIZED ARTIFICIAL LANDNATURAL GREEN / UNPAVED AREAS
Reactivate underused urban areas by densifying industrial (for-mer railway areas) and naturalizing public areas (ex. open market)
URBANIZED ARTIFICIAL LAND
NATURAL SOILVACANT AREAS NATURAL GREEN
Naturalization by RESTORING native plant communities Naturalization by CREATING native plant communities
NATURAL GREEN
[RE]USING
PROJECT | STRATEGY
ROMOLO
STRATEGY / TRANSPORT SYSTEM RE-DEVELOPMENT
MET
RO
LIN
E 2
NEW METRO STATION
S.CRISTOFORO
P.TA GENOVA
CANNOTIERI FS
PA
RK
ING
PARKING
PARK
ING
PARK
ING
REMOVE CAR TRAFFIC from Navoglio Canal. Set PARKING LOTS to encourage drivers leave cars before entering to pedestrian zone
Create continuous BIKE PATH. Connect bike
routs with metro stations and Via d’Acqua water way
NEW TRAIN STATION
METRO Line in Construction METRO LINE 4
S.CRISTOFORO FS
STRATEGY / SPATIAL-FUNCTIONAL LAYOUT
Open space
FOREST/WETLAND
SPORT/NATURE
MARKET/PARK
FASHION/PARK
MARKET SPACE
RAILWAY IN DISUSE
PORTION 1 / PARK-MARKET & PARK-FASHION EXHIBITION SPACE
BUILDING BASEMENT
PARK/OPEN MAR-
S.CRISTOFORO
P.TA GENOVA
URBANGREEN AREAS // PUBLIC FACILITIES BUILD-
ARTIFICIAL LAND
PARKS with a primary public function & NATURAL
ELEMENTS [RE]USING
Conservation of the existing con-dition to stop ruining process.
ABANDONED TOWER
ABANDONED BUILDING
SPORT CENTER
SPORT GROUND
PORTION 2 / PARK FOR OPEN-AIR SPORT ACTIVITIES
URBANGREEN AREAS BUILD-UP LAND
S.CRISTOFORO
P.TA GENOVA
ARTIFICIAL LAND BUILD-UP LAND
SPORT/ LEISURE activities based on NATURALIZED
LANDSCAPE Restore the building by keeping only SUPPORTING STRUCTURE
ABANDONED BUILDING
[RE]USING
ARTIFICIAL LAND BUILD-UP LAND
NON-USED BUILDING
PORTION 2 / NATURAL LANDSCAPE PARK-FOREST S.CRISTOFORO
P.TA GENOVA
S.CRISTOFORO
P.TA GENOVA
S.CRISTOFORO
P.TA GENOVA
Natural woodlands/wetlandsareas designed for
WALKING AND LEISURERE-USING the building according to its layout by adaptingINTERNAL FILLING
CYCLINQ CENTER
PARK-FOREST
UNDEGROUNG PARKING
PUBLIC PARK
TRAIN STATION
[RE]USING
GREEN AREAS BUILD-UP LAND
ARTIFICIAL LANDABANDONED GREEN AREAS BUILD-UP
HOST
WAIT
LOUNGE
OFFICE
KITCHEN
STORAGE
LIFTCOMMONHALL
COOK
MAIN2ENTRANCE
SERVICESTUFF
FLOWERS
TREES
DELIVERY
LOCKERS
S-12
S-12
PORTION 4 / PARK-FOREST WITH WETLANDS S.CRISTOFORO
P.TA GENOVA
BOTANIG GARDENVISITOR CENTER
Natural WOODLANDS andWETLANDS
to contribute the environment
RESTORE the building and redesign it for another FUNCTION. KEEP EXISTING ELEMENTS as respect to architecture style.
[RE]USING
UNFINISHED BUILDING
BUILDING BASEMENT
PROJECT | DEVELOPMENT
PROJECT / CONCEPT / ITALIAN NATIVE PLANTS
COASTAL REGIO
N
PO VALLEYALPIN
E REGIO
N
APENNINE R
EGION
7.5o
17o
12o
18o
660mm
750mm
900mm
540mm
AVARAGE TEMPERATURE
HUMIDITY
PROJECT / NATIVE PLANTS DISPLAY
OAK
CHESTNUT
CORK-TREE
POPLAR
ORIENTAL BEECH
WILLOW
REED
WHITE POPLAR
COMMON SPRUCE
ASH TREE
HORNBEAM
MAPLE
CHERRY-LAUREL
ALDER TREE
STONE-PINE
PALM TREE
CACTUS
CYPRESS
SICILIAN FIR
SCOTCH PINE
SYCAMORE MAPLE
EASTERN PLANE
SEASONAL
FLOWER FIELDS
OU
TSID
EIN
SID
E
SECTION
COASTAL REGION
ALPINE REGION
APENNINE REGION
SECTION
SECTION
PROJECT / 3 GENERATIONS
1983. ORIGINAL PROJECT1 2013. CURRENT STATE2 NEW PROPOSAL3
9
9
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
A
A
10
10
17
17
D D
C C
E E
B B
A A
F F
B B
A A
C C
4
4
3
3
A
A
6
6
7
7
6
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
8
8
1
1
2
2
1
1
5
5
PROJECT / BOTANIC MUSEUM
GROUND FLOOR0
SERVICE BLOCK
1. Entrance check 2. Equipment Storage3. Service room4. Technical room
9
9
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
A
A
10
10
17
17
D D
C C
E E
B B
A A
F F
B B
A A
C C
4
4
3
3
A
A
6
6
7
7
6
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
8
8
1
1
2
2
1
1
5
5
GREEN HOUSE
Alpine platns zone Appenine platns zone Coastal platns zone
CENTRAL CORE
1. Main lobby 2. Ticket office3. Cloack room4. WC5. Security room
PANORAMIC TOWER
Garden equipment storage
0 10m 20m
FLOWER SHOP
1. Main entrance hall2. Cash desk 3. Flowers display4. Trees display
RESTAURANT
5. Host6. Dining Area 7. Lounge8. WC9. Cook10. Kitchen11. Office
1
1 1
1
2
2
2 2
3
3
33
5 5 5
4
4
4
7
510
911
6
RESEARCH BLOCK
1. Lobby with library 2. Administration office3. Lecture room4. Research lab5. Writing area6. Cupboards
FIRST FLOOR
SERVICE BLOCK
1. Stuff room2. Male WC with shower3. Female WC with shower4. Cleaners cupboard 5. Equipment storage6. Technical room
9
9
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
A
A
10
10
17
17
D D
C C
E E
B B
A A
F F
B B
A A
C C
4
4
3
3
A
A
6
6
7
7
6
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
8
8
1
1
2
2
1
1
5
5
CENTRAL CORE
1. Lobby 2. Entrance to main exhebition
0 10m 20m
9
9
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
A
A
10
10
17
17
D D
C C
E E
B B
A A
F F
B B
A A
C C
4
4
3
3
A
A
6
6
7
7
6
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
8
8
1
1
2
2
1
1
5
5
0 10m 20m
GREEN HOUSE
Alpine platns zone Appenine platns zone Coastal platns zone
1
11
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
5
5
44
6
6
PANORAMIC TOWER
FLOWER SHOP
1. Office2. Storage 3. Stuff room
RESTAURANT
5. Bar6. Dining Area
MAIN EXHEBITION
1. Media info stands2. Seasonal flowers display3. Vine alley4. Exhebit. storage
PROJECT / BOTANIC MUSEUM
FIRST FLOOR1
SECOND FLOOR
9
9
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
A
A
10
10
17
17
D D
C C
E E
B B
A A
F F
B B
A A
C C
4
4
3
3
A
A
6
6
7
7
6
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
8
8
1
1
2
2
1
1
5
5
1
9
9
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
A
A
10
10
17
17
D D
C C
E E
B B
A A
F F
B B
A A
C C
4
4
3
3
A
A
6
6
7
7
6
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
8
8
1
1
2
2
1
1
5
5
PANORAMIC TOWER
0 10m 20m
9
9
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
A
A
10
10
17
17
D D
C C
E E
B B
A A
F F
B B
A A
C C
4
4
3
3
A
A
6
6
7
7
6
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
8
8
1
1
2
2
1
1
5
5
0 10m 20m
SERVICE BLOCK
1. Administration2. Equipment storage3. Technical room
GREEN HOUSE
Alpine platns zone Appenine platns zone Coastal platns zone
11
2
2
3
CENTRAL CORE
1. Lobby 2. Service room
FLEXIBLE EXHIBITION SPACE
PROJECT / BOTANIC MUSEUM
2
-1,800-1 Zero
±0,0000 Ground Floor
+3,8001 Story
+8,0002 Story
+13,8003 Story
+18,4004 Story
ENCLOSE1
PROJECT / OLD & NEW STRUCTURES / DETAIL 1
OLD
NEW
-1,800-1 Zero
±0,0000 Ground Floor
+3,8001 Story
+8,0002 Story
+13,8003 Story
+18,4004 Story
-1,800-1 Zero
±0,0000 Ground Floor
+3,8001 Story
+8,0002 Story
+13,8003 Story
+18,4004 Story
EXT. INT.EXT. INT.
frameless glass
articulated bolt system
cable support system
bearing strusture
ENCLOSE INFILL1 2
PROJECT / OLD & NEW STRUCTURES
-1,800-1 Zero
±0,0000 Ground Floor
+3,8001 Story
+8,0002 Story
+13,8003 Story
+18,4004 Story
-1,800-1 Zero
±0,0000 Ground Floor
+3,8001 Story
+8,0002 Story
+13,8003 Story
+18,4004 Story
-1,800-1 Zero
±0,0000 Ground Floor
+3,8001 Story
+8,0002 Story
+13,8003 Story
+18,4004 Story
PROJECT / OLD & NEW STRUCTURES / DETAIL 2
EXT. INT.
NEW OLD
existing concrete wall
window unit
Stiferite SK panel 120mm
steel corner
ENCLOSE INTERACT1 2
PROJECT / OLD & NEW STRUCTURES / DETAIL 3
-1,800-1 Zero
±0,0000 Ground Floor
+3,8001 Story
+8,0002 Story
+13,8003 Story
+18,4004 Story
-1,800-1 Zero
±0,0000 Ground Floor
+3,8001 Story
+8,0002 Story
+13,8003 Story
+18,4004 Story
-1,800-1 Zero
±0,0000 Ground Floor
+3,8001 Story
+8,0002 Story
+13,8003 Story
+18,4004 Story
EXT.
OLD
NEW
window unit
rubber seal
existing steel bearing structure
window unit
BRING NATURE BACK TO THE CITY