UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONSIN

AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY AND ETHNOLOGY

Vol. 16, No. 8, pp. 475-485 August 21, 1920

YUMAN TRIBES OF THE

LOWER COLORADO

BY

A. L. KROEBER

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS

BERKELEY

Bancroft Library

CONTENTSPAGES

NUMBER 1. Myths of the Southern Sierra Miwok, Samuel Alfred Barrett 1-28

NUMBER 2. The Matrilineal Complex, Eobert H. Lowie 29-45

NUMBER 3. Linguistic Families of California, Roland B. Dixon and A. L.

Kroeber 47-118

NUMBER 4. Calendars of the Indians North of Mexico, Leona Cope 119-176

NUMBER 5. Yurok Geography, T. T. Waterman _ 177-314

NUMBER 6. The Cahuilla Indians, Lucile Hooper 315-380

NUMBER 7. The Autobiography of a Winnebago Indian, Paul Radin .... 381-473

NUMBER 8. Yuman Tribes' of the Lower Colorado, A. L. Kroeber 475-485

INDEX .. - 487-491

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VoL 5. 1. The Phonology of the Hupa Language; Part I, The Individual Sounds, byPliny Earle Goddard. Pp. 1-20, plates 1-8. March, 1907 .35

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UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONSIN

AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY AND ETHNOLOGYVol. 16, No. 8, pp. 475-485 August 21, 1920

BY

A. L. KROEBER

Besides the Mohave and Yuma, who are well-known tribes still

living in some numbers about Needles and Yuma, five or six other

tribes of Yuman lineage once occupied the banks of the lower Colorado

river. Of these half dozen, only the Cocopa and Kamia retain their

identity, and the latter are few. The others are extinct or merged.

In order, upstream, the Yuman tribes of the river were the Cocopa,

Halyikwamai, Alakwisa, Kohuana, Kamia, Yuma, Halchidhoma, and

Mohave. The following discussion of this string of peoples refers

chiefly to the less known ones among them and is based on information

obtained from the Mohave and on statements in the older literature.

COCOPA

The Cocopa, called Kwikapa by the Mohave, held the lowest courses

of the river; chiefly, it would seem, on the west bank. They have

survived in some numbers, but have, and always had, their principal

seats in Baja California. They are mentioned in 1605, and seem to

be Kino's Hogiopa or Bagiopa in 1702.

HALYIKWAMAI AND AKWA'ALA

The Halyikwamai, as the Mohave call them, are the Quicama or

Quicoma of Alarcon in 1540, the Halliquamallas or Agalecquamaya

of Onate in 1605, the Quiquima of Kino in 1701-02, the Quiquima

or Jalliquamay of Garces in 1776, and therefore the first California

group to have a national designation recorded and preserved. Onate

puts them next to the Cocopa on the east bank of the Colorado, Garces

on the west bank between the Cocopa and Kohuana. Garces estimated

476 University of California Publications in Am. Arch, and Ethn. [Vol. 16

them to number 2000, but his figures on the population of this

region are high, especially for the smaller groups. It seems impossible

that three or four separate tribes should each have shrunk from 2000

or 3000 to a mere handful in less than a century, during which they

lived free and without close contact with the whites.

The discrepancies between the habitat assigned on the left bank

by one authority and on the right by the other, for this and other

tribes, are of little moment. It is likely that every nation on the river

owned on both sides, and shifted from one to the other, or divided,

according to fancy, the exigencies of warfare, or as the channel and

farm lands changed. The variations in position along the river, on

the contrary, were the result of tribal migrations dependent on

hostilities or alliances.

The Mohave, who do not seem to know the name Quigyuma or

Quiquima, say that the Halyikwamai survive, but know them only

as mountaineers west of the river. West of the Cocopa, that is, in

the interior of northernmost Baja California, they say is Avi-aspa,

"eagle mountain," visible from the vicinity of Yuma; and north of

it another large peak called Avi-savet-kyela. Between the two moun-

tains is a low hilly country. This and the region west of Avi-aspa is

the home of the Akwa'ala or Ekwa'ahle, a Yuman tribe whose speech

seems to the Mohave to be close to the Walapai dialect, and different

from the Diegueno. They were still there in some numbers about

thirty years ago, the Mohave say. They rode horses; they did not

farm. They were neighbors of the Kamia-ahwe or Diegueno, and

occasionally met the Mohave at Yuma or among the Cocopa.

The Halyikwamai, according to the Mohave, adjoined the Akwa'ala

on the north, nearer the Yuma, and like the Akwa'ala were hill

dwellers. They also did not farm, but migrated seasonally into the

higher mountains to collect mescal root, vadhilya. They did not, in

recent times, come to the river even on visits, evidently on account of

old feuds between themselves and the Yuma and Kamia. In the last

war expedition which the Yuma and Mohave made against the Cocopa

about 1855 the Akwa'ala and Halyikwamai were allied with the

Cocopa.

It would seem therefore that the Halyikwamai or Quigyuma or

Quiquima are an old river tribe that was dispossessed by its more

powerful neighbors, took up an inland residence, and of necessity

abandoned agriculture.

1920] Kroebcr: Yitnian Tribes of the Lower Colorado 477

ALAKWISA

The country of the Alakwisa is occasionally mentioned by the

Mohave in traditions, but the tribe seems to have been extinct for

some time, and fancy has gathered a nebulous halo about its end.

Here is the story ;is told by an old Mohave.

' When I was young, an old Mohave told me how he had once come home-

ward from the Cocopa, and after running up along the river for half a day, sawhouse posts, charcoal, broken pottery, and stone mortars. He thought the tract

must still be inhabited, but there was no one in sight. He ran on, and in the

evening reached the Kamia, who told him that he had passed through the old

Alakwisa settlements. His Kamia friends said that they had never seen the

Alakwisa, the tribe having become extinct before their day, but that they had

heard the story of their end. It is as follows.' ' There was a small pond from which the Alakwisa used to draw their drink-

ing water, and which had never contained fish. Suddenly it swarmed with fish.

Some dug wells to drink from, but these too were full of fish. They took them,

and, although a few predicted disaster, ate the catch. Soon women began to

fall over dead at the metate or while stirring fish mush, and men at their

occupations. They were playing at hoop and darts, when eagles fought in the

air, killed each other, and fell down. The Alakwisa clapped their hands, ran up,

and gleefully divided the feathers, not knowing that deaths had already occurred

in their homes. As they wrapped the eagle feathers, some of them fell down

dead; others lived only long enough to put the feathers on.

' ' Another settlement discovered a jar under a mesquite tree, opened it, and

found four or five scalps. They carried the trophies home, mounted them on

poles, but before they reached the singer, some dropped lifeless, and others fell

dead in the dance. So one strange happening crowded on another, and each

time the Alakwisa died swiftly and without warning. Whole villages perished,

no one being left to burn the dead or the houses, until the posts remained stand-

ing or lay rotting on the ground, as if recently abandoned. So the Kamia told

my old Mohave friend about the end of the Alakwisa. ' '

Fabulous as is this tale, it is likely to refer to an actual tribe,

although the name Alakwisa may be only a synonym of story for

Halyikwamai or some other familiar term of history.

KOHUANA

The Kohuana or Kahuene of the Mohave are Alarcon 's Coana and

the Cohuana or Coguana of Onate, who found them in nine villages

above the Halyikwamai. Kino seems to mean them by his "Cutgana."

Garces in 1776 called them Cajuenche, placed them above the Hal-

yikwamai and below the Yuma, and estimated that there were 3000

of them. Their fortunes ran parallel with those of the Halchidhoma,

and the career of the two tribes is best considered together.

478 University of California Publications in Am. Arch, and Ethn. [Vol. 16

KAMIA

Next above were the Kamia, also recorded as the Comeya, Quemaya,

Comoyatz, or Camilya. There is much confusion concerning them,

owing to the fact that besides the farming tribe on the river, who

alone are the true Kamia of the Mohave, the Southern Diegueno call

themselves Kamiai, and the Mohave call all the Diegueno "foreign

Kamia." It is however well established that a group of this name

was settled on the Colorado adjacent to the Yuma.

YTJMA

Above the Kamia were the Yuma, who call themselves Kwichyanaor Kuchiana and are known to the other Yumans by dialectic variants

of the same name. They are the Hukwats of the Chemehuevi, the

Hatilshe of the Apache (this term however includes other Yumantribes also), the Garroteros of some Spanish authors. Garces esti-

mated their population at 3000. Kino seems to have been the first

author to call them Yumas. He puts them at the confluence of the

Gila and Colorado, with settlements reaching up the affluent to the

vicinity of 114 15' or perhaps twenty miles in an air line, and down

the main stream about the same distance, say to the Mexican boundary.

The Cutgana whom he mentions as a separate nation, west of the

Halyikwamai and associated with them, are more likely the Kohuana

than the Kuchiana-Yuma.

HALCHIDHOMA AND KOHUANA

The Halchidhoma or Halchadhoma, as the Mohave know them,

were unquestionably at one time an important nation, suffered reverses,

and at last lost their identity among the Maricopa, although there are

almost certainly survivors today with that tribe. Onate found them

the first tribe on the Colorado below the Gila. Kino brings them above

the Gila. They had no doubt taken refuge here from the Yuma or

other adjacent enemies, but can have profited little by the change,

since it brought them nearer the Mohave, who rejoiced in harrying

them. Garces makes them extend fifteen leagues northward along the

river to a point an equal distance south of Bill Williams fork. He

was among them in person and succeeded in patching up a temporary

peace between them and the Mohave. -He calls them Alchedum or

1920] Kroeber: Yuman Tribes of the Lower Colorado 479

usually Jalchedun, but they can scarcely still have numbered 2500

in 1776, as he states.

The Mohave report that the Kohuana and Halchidhoma once lived

along the river at Parker, about halfway between the Mohave and

Yuma territories. The period must have been subsequent to 1776,

since the location corresponds with that in which Garces found the

Halchidhoma, whereas in his day the Kohuana were still below the

Yuma. Evidently they too found living too uncomfortable in the

turmoil of tribes below the confluence of the Gila the Mohave say

that they lived at Aramsi on the east side of the stream below the

Yuma and were troubled by the latter and followed the Halchidhoma

to the fertile but unoccupied bottom lands farther up. If they had

been free of a quarrel with the Mohave, their union with the Hal-

chidhoma brought them all the effects of one.

It must have been about this period of joint residence that the

Halchidhoma, attempting reprisals, circled eastward and came down

on the Mohave from the Walapai mountains. In this raid they cap-

tured a Mohave girl at Ahakwa'-a'i whom they drove to their home

at Parker and then sold to the Maricopa. Subsequently in an attack

on the latter tribe, the Mohave found a woman who, instead of fleeing,

stood still with her baby, and when they approached, called to them

that she was the captive. They took her back, she married again,

and had another son, Cherahota, who was still living in 1904. Her

half-Maricopa son grew up among the Mohave, and, becoming a shaman,

was killed near Fort Mohave. This indicates that he reached a

tolerable age.

But the preponderance of numbers and aggressions must have been

on the side of the Mohave, because they finally _ crowded both Hal-

chidhoma and Kohuana south from Parker, back toward the Yuma.

The Halchidhoma settled at Aha-kw-atho 'ilya, a long salty "lake" or

slough, that stretched for a day's walk west of the river at the foot

of the mountains. The Kohuana moved less far, to Avi-nya-kutapaiva

and Hapuvesa, but remained only a year, and then settled farther

south, although still north of the Halchidhoma.

After a time, the Mohave appeared in a large party, with their

women and children. They would scarcely have done this if their foes

had retained any considerable strength. It was a five days' journey

from Mohave valley to the Kohuana. The northerners claimed the

Kohuana as kinsmen but kept them under guard while the majority

of their warriors went on by night. They reached the settlements of

480 University of California Publications in Am. Arch, and Ethn. [Vol. 16

the Halchidhoma in the morning, the latter came out, and an open

fight ensued, in which a few Halchidhoma were killed, while of the

Mohave a number were wounded but none fell. In the afternoon, the

Mohave returned pitched battles rarely ended decisively among anyof these tribes and announced to the Kohuana that they had come to

live with them. They also invited the Halchidhoma to drive them

out;this the latter were probably too few to attempt. For four days

the Mohave remained quietly at the Kohuana settlements, doctoring

their wounded. They had probably failed to take any Halchidhoma

scalps, since they made no dance. The four days over, they marched

downstream again, arrived in the morning, and fought until noon,

when they paused to retire to the river to drink. The Halchidhoma

used this breathing space to flee. They ran downstream, swam the

river to the eastern bank, and went on to Avachuhaya. The Mohave

took six captives and spoiled the abandoned houses.

After about two days, the Mohave account proceeds, they went

against the foe once more, but when they reached Avachuhaya found

no one. The Halchidhoma had cut east across the desert to take refuge

with the Hatpa-'inya, the "east Pima" or Maricopa. Here ends their

career; and it is because of this merging of their remnant with the

Maricopa, that, when the Mohave are asked about the latter tribe,

they usually declare them to have lived formerly on the river between

themselves and the Yuma : the Halchidhoma are meant. There can be

little doubt that the Maricopa too were once driven from the river to

seek an asylum among the alien and powerful Pima;but the Spanish

historical notices place them writh the latter people on the Gila for so

long a time back, to at least the beginning of the eighteenth century,

that their migration probably far antedates the period which native

tradition traverses.

The Mohave decided to stay on in the land above Aha-kw-atho 'ilya

which the Halchidhoma had possessed, expecting that the latter would

return. They remained all winter. There is said to have been no

one left in the Mohave country. In spring, when the mesquite was

nearly ripe, and the river was soon to rise, thus opening the planting

season, the Mohave went home, traveling three days. The Kohuana

went with them under compulsion, but without use of violence.

For five years the Kohuana lived in Mohave valley. Then they

alleged an equally close kinship with the Yuma and a wish to live

among them. The Mohave allowed them to go. Ten days' journey

brought them to their ancient foes. After four years of residence

1920] Kroeber: Yumnn Tribes of the Lower Colorado 481

there, one of their mimlter was killed by the Yuma and his body hidden.

His kinsmen found it and resolved to leave as soon as their going

would not be construed as due to a desire for revenge an interpreta-

tion that might bring an immediate Yuma attack upon them. Theywaited a year; and then their chief Tinyam-kwacha-kwacha, "Night-

traveler," a man of powerful frame, so tall that a blanket reached

only to his hips, led them eastward between the mountains Kara'epaand Avi-hachora up the Gila. They found the Maricopa at Maricopa

Wells, recounted the many places at which they had lived, and asked

for residence among their hosts. Aha-kurrauva, the Maricopa chief,

told them to remain forever.

So runs the Mohave story, the date of which may be referred to the

period about 1820 to 1840. In 1851 Bartlett reported 10 Cawina

surviving among the Maricopa. But this was an underestimation, as

a further Mohave account reveals.

About 1883, the same Mohave who is authority for the foregoing,

having been told by certain Kohuana who had remained among the

Mohave, or by their half-Mohave descendants, that there were kinsmen

of theirs with the Maricopa, went to Tempe and there found not only

Kohuana but Halchidhoma, although the Americans regarded them

both as Maricopa. The Kohuana chief was Hatpa'-ammay-ime,' '

Papago-foot," an old man, whom Ahwanchevari, the Maricopa chief,

had appointed to be head over his own people. Hatpa- 'ammay-ime had

been born in the Maricopa country, but his father, and his father's

sister, who was still living, were born while the Kohuana spent their

five years among the Mohave. He enumerated 6 old Kohuana men

as still living and 10 young men 36 souls in all besides a few children

in school.

These statements, if accurate, would place the Kohuana abandon-

ment of the river at least as early as 1820; and this date agrees with

the remark of an old Mohave, about 1904, that the final migration of

the tribe occurred in his grandfather's time. It does not reconcile

with the fact that a son of the Mohave woman taken captive by the

Halchidhoma who are said to have fled to the Maricopa ten years

earlier than the Kohuana was still living in 1904. In any event, in

1776 both tribes were still on the Colorado and sufficiently numerous

to be reckoned substantially on a par with the Yuma and Mohave;in

1850, when the Americans came, they were merged among the Mari-

copa, and of the seven or eight related but warring Yuman nations

that once lined the banks of the stream, there remained only three

482 University of California Publications in Am. Arch, and Etlin. [Vol. 16

the Cocopa, Yuma, and Mohave and a fragment of a fourth, the

Kamia. The drift has quite clearly been toward the suppression of

the smaller units and the increase of the larger a tendency probably

of influence on the civilization of the region, and perhaps stimulative

in its effects.

MOHAVE

The Mohave, Garces' Jamajab, call themselves Hamakhava. Their

territory was Mohave valley, which extends from the canyon through

which the river flows at Needles peaks to somewhat above Fort Mohave.

Most of the lowlands are on the eastern side of the river, but a glance

at a topographic map suggests that the course of the stream through

the valley has been shifting. At present part of the tribe has been

settled on a reservation downstream about Parker. Being a historically

well-known people, the Mohave need not be considered here.

WALAPAI

Between Mohave valley and the Grand canyon, the Walapai mayhave owned or claimed land down to the eastern or southern bank of

the Colorado. But they are a mountain, not a river people. In fact

the shores of the stream are uninhabitable in this forbidding stretch

of raw furrowed rock. The Walapai therefore fall outside the scope

of this review.

HISTOEICAL IDENTIFICATIONS

The native information now accumulated allows the valuable find-

ings of the Onate expedition of 1605. as related by Escobar and by

Zarate-Salmeron, to be profitably summarized, reinterpreted, and

compared with the later data.

In Mohave valley, a ten days'

journey from the mouth of the river

as the natives then reckoned and still count Onate found the

Amacavas or Amacabos. This tribe has therefore occupied the same

tract for at least three centuries. Their "Curraca," or "Lord" is <

only kwora'aka, "old man." Onate went downstream five leagues

through a rocky defile the canyon at the foot of the Needles peaks

and emerged in Chemehuevi valley, where other members of the same

nation were living. This is the only reference, historical or from native

sources, which puts the Mohave actually in Chemehuevi valley. So

far as their present memory goes, they used to gather mesquite in

Chemehuevi valley, but maintained no settlements there.

1920] Knxbt-r: Yiiiinin Triht* ,,f tin- l.,,,r, r Colorado 483

Below Ihr Mohave. evident ly in the region about Parker or beyond.( )fiatt' encountered an allied nation of the same speech, the Bahacechas.

This name seems unidentifiable. Their head, Cohota, was so namedfor his office: he was tin- koliota or entertainment chief of the Mohave.

On the River of the Name of Jesus, the Gila, Oiiate found a less

affable people of different appearance and manners and of difficult

speech, who claimed twenty villages all the way up the stream. These

he calls Ozaras, or Osera, a name that also cannot be identified. The

Relation gives the impression that this tribe stood apart from all those

on the Colorado. They do not seem to be the Maricopa, whose speech

even today is close to that of the river tribes. The most convincing

explanation is that they were the Pima or Papago, or at least some

Piman division, who then lived farther down the Gila than subse-

quently. This agrees with the statement that they extended to the

shores of the sea; and with Escobar's suspicion, based on the recollec-

tion of two or three words, that they were Tepeguanes : that is, of the

Piman group.

Along the Colorado from the Gila to the ocean, all the Colorado

nations were like the Bahacechas in dress and speech, that is Yumans.

The first were the Halchedoma, or Alebdoma, in 8 pueblos; the

northernmost alone was estimated to contain 160 houses and 2000

people ;the nation to number four or five thousand.

Next came the Cohuana in 9 villages, of 5000 inhabitants, of whom600 followed the expedition.

Below were the Agalle, Haglli, or Haclli, a "settlement" of 5

rancherias, and near-by the Halliquamallas or Agalecquamaya, of four

or five thousand souls, of whom more than 2000 assembled from their

6 villages. The former cannot be recognized in any modern tribe

and may have been part of the Halyikwamai.

Finally, in 9 pueblos, reaching down to where the river became

brackish five leagues above its mouth, were the Cocopa.

The mythical island Ziiiogaba in the sea sounds as if it might be

named from "woman," thenya'aka in Mohave, and ara, "house." Its

chieftainess Cinaca Cohota is certainly"woman-Jto/iotfa.

""Acilla,"

the ocean, is Mohave hatho'ilya. Other modern dialects have "s"

where Mohave speaks "th." The name Esmalcatatanaaha applied

by the Bahacecha chief Otata to a fabulous large-eared race, analyzes

in modern Mohave into asmalyka, "ear," and a reduplication of

tahana, "very," "indeed," "large." It is clear that the languages

of the Colorado have changed comparatively little in three centuries.

484 University of California Publications in Am. Arch, and Ethn. [Vol. 16

The same permanence applies to the speech of the Ch.umash of the

Santa Barbara archipelago : the discoverer Cabrillo 's forms tally

rather closely with the data obtained in recent decades.

Apart from the Ozara on the Gila, Onate thus found six or seven

Yuman nations on the left bank of the Colorado. Five of these are

familiar, one or two appear tinder unknown designations, and the

Yuma and Kamia are not mentioned. Possibly they remained on the

California side of the river and thus failed of enumeration. But if

the foreign Ozara held the Gila to its mouth, there would have been no

place for the Yuma in their historic seats.

Kino, who visited the river only from the mouth of the Gila down,

in 1701-02, reports these tribes : above the Gila, the Alchedoma;from

the Gila confluence down, as well as up that stream, the Yuma;next

below, the Quiquima the Halyikwamai; not definitely located, but

near the last and apparently intimately associated with them, the

Cutgana probably the Kohuana. At the mouth of the Colorado were

the Hogiopa or Bagiopa. When on the lowest reaches of the river,

he speaks of' '

Quiquimas, Cutganas, and Hogiopas who had come from

the west and from the southwest." Elsewhere he mentions them as

the people next south from the Quiquima and speaking a different

language. He appears to have encountered no Hogiopa villages on the

east bank. The Hogiopa are evidently the Cocopa. North and north-

west from the Quiquima, apparently off the river, he puts the Coanopaor Hoabonoma (?), who are unidentified. Five tribes thus appearunder more or less recognizable names. 1

The chief changes in the century between Onate and Kino are the

following. The non-Yuman Ozara have disappeared from the Colorado.

Their place at the mouth of the Gila has been taken by the Yuma.

The Halchidhoma have moved from below to above the Gila.

Alarcon's data, the earliest of all for the region, are unusually

valuable in their picture of customs, but give few names of tribes and

scarcely allow of their exact geographical placing. The Quicama,

Coana, and Cumana are mentioned. The Cumana (Kamia?) are not

positively identifiable. The Quicama and Coana are of course the

Halyikwamai and Kohuana. As the Quicama were the farther down-

stream of the two, but had other tribes possibly the Cocopa and

Akwa'ala between them and the sea, it seems as if they may already

have been occupying their precise historic tracts at this early period.

i Bolton, editor and translator of Kino, suggests that the Coanopa be con-

strued as the Kohuana, and the Cutgana as the Kuchiana or Yuma. This putson Kino the onus of having divided the Yuma into two differently named tribes.

1920] Kroeber: Yuman Tribes of the Lower Colorado 485

As regards life, many well-known elements of the later culture are

mentioned by Alarcon : maize, beans, squashes or gourds, pottery,

clubs, dress, coiffure, berdaches, cremation, intertribal warfare, atti-

tude toward strangers, relations with the mountain tribes; as well as

characteristic temperamental traits, such as enthusiasm;stubbornness

under fatigue or provocation; and a generally ebullient emotionality

whether of anger, alarm, or friendship.

Alarcon and Melchior Diaz in 1540, Onate in 1605, Kino in 1702,

Garces in 1776, accordingly found conditions on the river much as

they were when the Americans came. The tribes battled, shifted, and

now and then disappeared. The uppermost and lowest were the same

i'or three hundred years: Mohave and Cocopa. Among the conflicts,

customs remained stable. If civilization developed, it was inwardly;

the basis and manner of life were conservative.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

ALARC6N, FERNANDO DE. Eelacion, 1540. In English in Hakluyt, Voyages, in,

1600; reprinted 1810; in French in Ternaux-Compans, Voyages, tx, 1838.

BARTLETT, J. R. Personal Narrative, etc., 1854.

BOLTON, H. E. Spanish Exploration in the Southwest, 1916.

. Father Escobar's Relation of the Onate Expedition to California.

Catholic Historical Review, v, 19-41, 1919.

'

. Kino's Historical Memoir of Pimeria Alta, 1919.

COUES, ELLIOTT. On the Trail of a Spanish Pioneer, the Diary and Itinerary of

Francisco Garc6s, 1900.

ESCOBAR: see BOLTON.

FACES, PEDRO: see PRIESTLEY.

GARCES, FRANCISCO: see COUES.

KINO, EUSEBIUS: see BOLTON.

ONATE: see ZARATE-SALMER6N.

PRIESTLEY, H. I. The Colorado River Campaign, 1781-1782, Diary of Pedro

Fag6s. Publications of the Academy of Pacific Coast History, in, 135-

233, 1 plate, 1913.

ZARATE-SALMER6N. Relacion. Translated in BOLTON, Spanish Exploration in the

Southwest, and in Land of Sunshine, xi, no. 6, 1899; XH, nos. 1, 2, 1900.

INDEX*

Africa, post-marriage residence in,

34; avuncular relationships in, 39,4.",.

Agalecquamaya. See Halyikwamai.A giille (Hacfli, Haglli), 483.

Alitrna, 137, 153.

Akwa'ala (Ekwa'ahle), 475, 484.

Alakwisa, 475, 477.

Aldit'doma, Alchedum, Alebdoma.See Halchidhoma.

Aleut, 139, 153.

Algonkiii (Algonquin), 112. 129.

Amacabos (Amaeavas), 482.

Anglo-Ewe, 39. See also Ewe.Annals (historical "calendars"), 121.

Apache, 32.

Arapaho, 33, 112.

Arcturus, 121.

Arikara, 135, 155.

Assiniboine, 33.

Athabascan, 51, 97, 113.

Australia, post-marriage residence in,

34, 38, 43.

Autobiography of a Winnebago In-

dian, 381-473; youth, 385; modeof life, 386, 391, 398, 406, 412, 424;social customs, 393, 405, 446, 463,

466; ideals and spiritual beliefs,

388, 395, 396, 410, 417, 430-449,451; fasting, 386, 388, 395, 450,

454; feasting, 395, 420, 430, 437,

463; peyote, 430-449; shamanism,400, 421, 455; precepts, 450-473.

Avunculate, 31, 35-42; use of term,35; summary of details, 40; as evi-

dence of diffusion, 43; as evidenceof independent growth, 44; not

necessarily a feature of matronymy,45.

Bagiopa. See Hogiopa.Bahacechas, 483.

Bakongo, 34, 39.

Banks Islands, avuncular relations

in 37, 43.

Bannock, 135, 155.

Bantu, 34, 39, 43. See also Bakongo;Herero.

Barrett, S. A., 1.

Bayou Lacomb, Louisiana, residenceof Choctaw Indians, 31.

Beliefs. See Myths; Origin beliefs.

Bella Coola, 135, 149.

Beothuk, 155.

Big Lagoon, 264.

Blackfoot, 33, 129, 155.

Bows and arrows, 358, 398.

Burial customs, 343.

Cahuilla Indians, The, 315-380; .11 \ i

sions: habitats, 316; myths, 317,364-378; ceremonies: religious,328, 348; burial, 344; initiationand puberty, 345, 347; shamanism,333; spiritual beliefs, 339, 342;songs, 344; social orders, 349;social and hygienic customs, 349,355; war-like and legal usages,355-356; mode of life and indus-

tries, 356-360; dogs, 361; kno^vl-

edge, 362; bibliography, 379.

Cahuilla, Desert, 316 passim.Cahuilla, Mountain, 316, 348.

Cahuilla, Pass, 316, 333.

Calendars of the Indians North of

Mexico, 119-176; types of, 139-

144; areas of distribution, 145;

regional types of, 146; similaritiesin types of, due to diffusion or like

conditions, 147; types of, listed bytribes, 149, 153, 155; map showing,opp. 119; types of, used by the

Cahuilla, 362. See also Annals;Day; Equinoxes; Events; Month;Moon; Solstice; Stars; Summer;Sun; Tides; Time-reckoning; Week;Winter ; Year.

Calendrical system, 120.

California, linguistic families of, 47-

118; map showing distribution of,

opp. 47; location of Yurok in, 182,

maps showing, 183.

Camilya. See Kamia.Carrier, 155.

Cawina, 481.

Ceremonial nomenclature, 146.

Ceremonies, 345, 347, 395, 400, 430;Eagle, 348; mourning, 328; sol-

stitial, 142.

Chehalis, 144.

Chemehuevi, 316.

Cheyenne, 33.

Chilcotin, 148.

Chilkat, 143.

Chimariko, 54, 103.

Choctaw, 31, 35, 36, 135, 155.

Chontal (linguistic kinship), 103.

Chumash (linguistic kinship), 54, 103,484.

Clans, 349; misuse of term, 29.

Clothing (dress), 357, 485.

Coahuilla reservation, 316.

Coana. See Kohuana.

Coanopa (Hoabonoma?), 484.

Cocopa, 316, 475, 482, 483, 484, 485.

Coguana (Cohuana). See Kohuana.

* Univ. Calif. Publ. Am. Arch. Ethn., Vol. 16.

[487]

Index

Colorado, Yuman Tribes of the

Lower, 475-485.

Comanche, 130.

Comeya (Comoyatz). See Kamia.

Constellations, 121. See also Stars.

Cope, Leona, 119.

Costanoan, 54, 100.

Cree, Eastern, 33, 155; Plains, 127,155.

Creek, 31.

Cremation, 485.

Cross-cousin marriage, 40.

Crow, 31, 41, 42.

Culture. See Cahuilla; Calendars;Myths; Winnebago; Yuman tribes;Yurok.

Cumana, 484.

Cupeno, 316.

Cutgana. See Kohuana.

Dakota, Eastern, 33, 132, 155; Sisse-

ton, 155; Teton, 155.

Day, and its subdivisions, 124; diur-

nal periods, 126.

Delaware, 155.

Del Norte county, 182.

Diegueno (Kamia-ahwe), 141, 149,

476, 478.

Dieri, 38.

Dog Eibs, 124, 155.

Dipper, 126.

Dixon, Roland B., and Kroeber, A. L.,47.

Domingo (Sunday), 124.

Dress (clothing), 357, 485.

Dry lagoon, 265; plate showing, opp.312.

Eagle ceremony, 348.

Economic importance of winter sol-

stice, 142.

Ekwa'ahle. See Akwa'ala.

Equinoxes, 121.

Eskimo, 121; Central, 33; Copper,135; Greenland, 123; Kaniagmiut,141, 144, 153; Lower Yukon, 155;of Melville Peninsula, 136; Point

Barrow, 123, 132, 155; south of the

Yukon delta, 155; of the UngavaDistrict, 132, 137, 141.

Esselen, 54, 103.

European influences on time-reckon-

ing, 124.

Evening star, 121.

Events, seasonal, basis for time-

reckoning, 123; solar, 136; terres-

trial, 136. See also Lunar phases;Lunations.

Ewe, 34. See also Anglo-Ewe.Families, Linguistic, of California,

47-118.

Father-sib, 20.

Fiesta week, mourning ceremony ofthe Cahuilla, 328.

Fijians, 37.

Food, 185, 356, 392, 485.

Fox, 155.

Freshwater lagoon, 264; plate show-

ing, opp. 310.

Future life, ideas about, 342.

Gabrielino, 316.

Games, 360.

Garroteros. See Yuma.Genetic relationship of linguistic

families, 50.

"Gentes," misuse of term, 29.

Geography, Yurok, 177-314.

Glossary of Indian words, 26; 48-118; 125-168; 177-314.

Greenland, methods of time-reckon-

ing in, 122.

Gros Ventre, 33.

Guinea, Upper, avuncular relation-

ship in, 39.

Haclli (Haglli). See Agalle.Haida, 32, 44, 135, 149, 155; Masset,

131, 149; Skidegate, 131, 149.

Halchadhoma (Halchedhoma). SeeHalchidhoma.

Halchidhoma (Alchedum, Alebdoma,Halchadhoma, Jalchedun), 475, 478,480, 481, 493, 484.

Halliquamallas. See Halyikwamai.Halyikwamai (Agalecquamaya, Halli-

quamallas, Jalliquamay, Quicama,Quicoma, Quigyuma, Quiquima),475, 476, 477, 483.

Hamakhava. See Mohave.Hano, 135, 149.

Hare, 155.

Hatilshe. See Yuma.Hatpa-'inya. See Maricopa.Herero, 34.

Hidatsa, 31.

Hoabonoma (?). See Coanopa.Hogiopa (Bagiopa), 475, 484.

Hokan family, establishment of, 54;

discussion, 103-112; scope of, 112.

Hooper, Lucille, 315.

Hopi, 32, 35, 36, 41, 44, 45, 123, 149.

Hottentots, 39.

Houses, 123, 357, 385, 392; Yurokhouse names, 208, 209-213; Yurokhouses, views of, opp. 290, 292, 302,

306, 308, 314.

Huchnom, 143.

Hukwats. See Yuma.Humboldt county, 182.

Hupa, 137, 184, 256.

Industries, 184, 219, 359-360, 385,

386, 391, 398.

Initiation ceremonies among the

Cahuilla, 345.

Intercalation, 122.

Iowa, 35, 155.

Iroquois, 31, 36, 45, 155.' '

Iskoman,' '

54, 103. See also Hokan.

[488]

Index

Jalchedun. See Halchidhoma.

Jalliquamay. See Halyikwamai.Jamajab. See Mohave.Jemez, 135, 149.

Juaneno, 130, 316.

Kahuene. See Kohuana.Kai, 40.

Ksii^ani, 128.

Kamia (Camilya, Comeya, Comoyatz,Quemaya), 475, 478.

K:miia-ahwe. See Diegueno.Kaniagmiut, 144, 153.

Kansa, 130, 155.

Karok, 184, 255, 307; language, 54,103.

Kato, 114.

Khasi of Assam, 35, 45.

"Kin," use of term, 30.

Kinship, mode of reckoning, 29, 67.

Kiowa, 124, 130, 155.

Klamath, 143.

Klamath river, 179, 182, 227, 255;plates showing views of, opp. 288,

290, 294, 300, 302, 304, 306.

Kohuana (Cajuenche, Coana, Cogu-ana, Cohuana, Cutgana, Kahuene),475, 477, 479, 480, 481, 483, 484.

Koskimo, 132, 149.

Kroeber, A. L., 47, 475.Kuchiana. See Yuma.Kwakiutl, 132, 149. See also Kos-

kimo, Nakwartok, Nimkish, Ma-malelekala.

Kwichyana. See Yuma.Language, 47-118, 179.

Legal usages, 223, 356, 412.

Lenape (Lenni Lenape), 130, 155.

Lillooet, 143, 153.

Linguistic Families of California, 47-

118; map showing, opp. 47. Seealso Algonkin; Athabascan; Ho-kan; Iskoman; Penutian; Eitwan;Shoshonean; Yukian.

Loucheux, 155.

Lower Thompson band, 153.

Lowie, Eobert H., 29.

Luiseno, 137, 149, 316.

Lunar phases, lunations, basis of

month, 121, 128.

Lutuami, 114.

Mackenzie tribes, 121.

Maidu, 135, 139, 155; of California,140; language, 54, 100.

Makah (Makaw), 135, 141, 149.

Makonde, 34, 39.

Malecite, 127, 155.

Mamalelekala, 132, 149.

Mandan, 31, 155.

Maricopa (Hatpa-'inya), 478, 479,480, 481, 483.

Mariposa (Southern Sierra) Miwok,myths, 1.

Marriage, 353, 405; cross-cousin, 40;

marriage precepts, 463; post-mar-riage customs, see Matrineal Com-plex.

Matriarchate, 45.

Matrilineal Complex, The, 29-45.Matrilineal descent, 31

;not regularly

accompanied by matrilocal factor,34.

Matrilineal inheritance, 31; amongthe Herero, 39.

Matrilocal residence, 31, 32, 33, 34,

35; not necessarily a feature of

matronymy, 44.

Matronymy, 34, 35; relation of

avuncular customs to, 37, 43;matrilocal residence or avunculatenot necessarily features of, 44.

Melanesia, post-marriage residence in,

34; avuncular relations in, 37, 38,43.

Menomini, 36.

Micmac, 134, 155.

Miwok, 48; of the Southern Sierra:

myths of, 1-28.

Modoc, 148, 153.

Mohave (Hamakhava, Jamajab), 316,

475, 478-482, 485; permanence of

speech, 483.

Moieties, 349.

Montagnais, 155.

Month, 128; length of, 129. See also

Lunar phases.

Moon, 123, 128, 362; recognition ofthe phases of, 129.

Morning star, 121.

Mother-sib, 30, 33, 35, 36, 37.

Muskokee, 155.

Myths, 186, 192, 200, 209, 228, 317,

364-378, 477; in abstract form, 24.

See also Yurok, myths of.

Myths of the Southern Sierra Miwok,1-28.

Nah-ane, 155.

Nakwartok, 132, 149.

Nandi, 40.

Nascapee, 125.

Natchez, 155.

Navaho, 32, 36, 124, 155.

Netchilli (Netchillik), 126, 149.

New Hebrides Islands, avuncular re-

lationships in the, 37.

Night, divisions of the, 126.

Nimkish, 132, 149.

Nomenclature, 148; ceremonial, 146.

Nootka, 122, 128, 149.

Northern Plains tribes, 31. See also

, Mandan; Hidatsa; Crow.Northwest Coast Indians, 31, 37, 121.

See also Pacific Coast tribes.

Notched sticks, historical "calen-

dar," 121.

Oceania, 34.

[489]

Index

Ojibwa, 155.

Omaha, 33, 36, 155.

Onondaga, 155.

Origin beliefs, 2, 190, 317, 364.

Orion's belt, 121.

Orthography and phonology, of the

Yurok, 179.

Osage, 148, 155.

Osera. See Ozara.

Oto, 35, 155.

Ovambo, 34.

Ozara (Osera), 483, 484.

Pacific Coast tribes, 32. See also

Tlingit; Tsimshian.

Paiute, Southern, 316.

Palaihnihan, linguistic kinship, 48.

Papago. See Pima.Patrilineal complex, 40.

Patrilineal system substituted for

matrilineal system in Melanesia,38.

Patrilocal residence, 32, 33.

Pawnee, 36, 137, 155.

Pen languages, 100, 101.

Penutian (linguistic) family, estab-

lishment of, 54; discussion of, 55-

98; geography and historical inter-

relations of, 98-102; relation to

Yukian, 117-118.

Peruvians, 127.

Peyote, 430-449.

Phonology and orthography, of the

Yurok, 179.

Pima (and Papago), 140, 155, 483;the "east" (Maricopa), 480.

Piskwaus, 149.

Place names, Yurok. See Yurok placenames.

Plateau tribes, 121.

Pleiades, 121.

Porno (linguistic kinship), 54, 103.

Pottery, 359, 485.

Powell, classification, and map, of the

linguistic families of America, 48.

Precepts of the Winnebago, 450-473.

Property rights, 223, 356.

Puberty -ceremonies, 345, 347.

Pueblo Indians, 31, 32, 139. See also

Hopi; Ziini; Sia.

Quemaya. See Kamia.

Quicama (Quicoma, Quigyuma, Qui-

quima). See Halyikwamai.Quileutes, 130.

Eadin, Paul, 381.

"Ritwan" family, establishment of

the, 54; discussion of, 112-113.

Salinan, linguistic kinship, 54.

Salish, 149.

Samoans, 37.

Saturday, 124.

Sauk, 155.

Saulteaux, Northern, 132, 155.

Seasonal events, basis of time reck-

oning, 123.

Seasons, 132; names for, 133; num-ber of recognized, 133.

Seminole, 136, 155.

Seri, linguistic kinship of, 103.

Serrano, 316.

Shamanism, 333, 400, 421, 455.

Shasta, Shastan, linguistic kinship,48, 54, 103.

Shasta-Achomawi, 48.

Shoshonean, 54, 114-115, 316.

Shushwap, 143, 153, 155.

Sia, 32.

"Sib," use of term, 30.

Sibless or patronymic groups, avun-cular relationships among, 39.

Siciatl, 149.

Sioux, 36, 38.

Slavery, 155.

Social orders, 349.

Solar events, basis of time reckon-

ing, 136.

Solstice, 122; observation of, 122;

summer, 123; winter, 122.

Solstitial ceremonials, 142.

Songs, enemy, 344.

South America, calendrical svstem

in, 127.

Southeastern tribes, 31. See also

Choctaw; Creek; Timucua; Yuchi.Southern Sierra Miwok, Myths of

the, 1-28.

Spence's Bridge band, 153.

Spirits, 23, 200, 364, 388, 397, 410,

431, 451.

Stars, 121, 363. See also Arcturus;Dipper; Orion's belt; Pleiades;Ursa Major.

Stlatlumn, 125.

Stone lagoon, 264; plate showing,opp. 310.

StsEelis, 143, 153.

Summer solstice, 123.

Sun, 123; dial, 125; houses, 123.

Sunday, 124.

Supernatural beings in the form of

rocks, 21, 297.

Tahltan, 155. -

Tepeguanes, 483.

Tequistlatecan, 103.

Terrestrial events, basis of time

reckoning, 123, 136.

Tewa, 36, 123, 149.

Thompson, 143, 153.

Thonga, 38, 39.

Tides, ebb and flow of, 126.

Time reckoning, methods of, 120;basis of, 121-124; units of, 124-

139; variability in mode of desig-

nating, 130. See also Day; Week;Month; Seasons; Year; Calendars.

[490]

Index

Timucua, 31, 128.

Tlingit, 32, 38, 43, 140, 153, 155.

Tolowa, 184.

Tongans, 37.

Torres islands, avuncular relation-

ships in, 37.

Trinidad bay, 182; plates showingviews of, opp. 284 and 314.

Trinity river, 182, 255; plate show-

ing view of, opp. 304.

Tsekehne, 155.

Tsilkoh'tin, 155.

Tsimshian, 32, 143.

Tusayan, 149.

Unalit, 155.

Ungava district, methods of time

reckoning in, 122.

Ursa Major, 121.

Ute, methods of time reckoningamong, 125, 132, 155.

Uti languages, 99, 101.

Vasu institutions, 37.

Fasii-like privileges, 39.

Wailaki, 114.

Walapai, 482.

Wappo, 53, 116.

Washo, 104.

Waterman, T. T., 177.

Wilson Creek, 182, 227; plate show-

ing views at the mouth of, opp.286.

Week, 126.

Winnebago, 35, 36, 130, 155. Seealso The Autobiography of a Win-

nebago Indian.

Winter-counts, historical ' ' calen-

dars," 121.

Winter solstice, 121; economic im-

portance of, 142.

Wintun, 54, 100.

Wiyot, 54, 112.

Wyandot, 127, 136.

Yana, 54, 103.

Yao, 39.

Year, 136; solar, 137; methods of cor-

rection of count, 137.

Yokuts, 136; language, 48, 54, 100.

Yosemite Valley, myths of, 21; glos-

sary of place names, 26.

Yuchi, 31, 155.

Yuki, Yukian, 52, 113, 115-118. .

Yuman Tribes of the Lower Colo-

rado, 316, 475-485; history since

1605, 482; culture of, 485. See also

Agalle; Akwa'ala; Alakwisa; Al-

chedoma; Amacabos; Bahacechas;Cawina; Coanopa; Cocopa; Gum-ana; Diegueno; Halchedhoma; Hal-

rlmlhoma; Halyikwamai; Hogiopa;Kamia; Kohuana; Maricopa; Mo-have; Ozara; Pima; Tepeguanes;Walapai; Yuma.

Yuma (Garroteros, Hatilshe, Huk-wat, Kuchiana, Kwichyana), 316,475, 478, 480, 481, 484.

Yuman, linguistic kinship, 48, 54,103.

Yurok, 142, 149; characteristics, 201;descent and inheritance among,223; terms of direction and posi-

tion, 193, 194; geographical con-

cepts, 189, map, 192; geographicalexpressions, list of, 194; descrip-tive geography, 226; houses andceremonial places, views of, opp.290, 292, 302, 306, 308, 314; house

names, 208, lists of, 209-213; ideaof the world, map showing, 192;language, 54, 112; location of ter-

ritory, 182; mode of life, 184;

myths and religious beliefs, 186,

189-193, 200, 209, 228 (also noteson descriptive geography, andlegends under plates) ; phonologyand orthography of, 179; placenames, 179, 186, 195, 197, 214-218,list of, 273-283, glossary of, 187-

189, 198, 199, map showing distri-

bution of, opp. 186; property rights

among, 218; towns and settlements,distribution of, 200, list of, 206-

207; sites, plates showing, opp. 286,

288, 294, 300, 302, 304, 312, 314.

Yurok Geography, 177-314.

Zufii, 32, 35, 36, 123, 149.

[491]

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4. Serian, Tequistlatecan, and Hokan, by A. L. Kroeber. Pp. 279-290. Febru-ary, 1915 _ _ ~ _ .10

5. Dichotomous Social Organization In South Central California, by EdwardWinslow Gifford. Pp. 291-296. February, 1916 ..._ 05

6. The Delineation of the Day-Signs In the Aztec Manuscripts, by T. T. Water-man. Pp. 297-398. March, 1916 _ _ _ 1.00

7. The Mutsim Dialect of Costanoan Based on the Vocabulary of De la Cuesta,by J. Alden Mason. Pp. 399-472. March, 1916 _ _ .70

Index, pp. 473-479.

VoL 12. 1. Composition of California Sbellmounds, by Edward Winslow Gifford. Pp.1-29. February, 1916 _ .30

2. California Place Names of Indian Origin, by A. L. Kroeber. Pp. 31-69.

June, 1916 _ _ 403. Arapaho Dialects, by A. L. Kroeber. Pp. 71-138. June, 1916 .70

4. Mlwok Moieties, by Edward Winslow Gifford. Pp. 139-194. June, 1916.._ .55

5. On Plotting the Inflections of the Voice, by Cornelius B. Bradley. Pp. 195-

218, plates 1-5. October, 1916 _ 36

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONS (Continued)

6. Ttibatulabal and Kawaiisu Kinship Terms, by Edward Winslow Clifford.

Pp. 219-248. February, 1917 .307. Bandolier's Contribution to the Study of Ancient Mexican Social Organiza-

tion, by T. T. Waterman. Pp. 249-282. February, 1917 .358. Miwok Myths, by Edward Winslow Gifford. Pp. 283-338, plate 6. May,

1917 _ .559. California "Kinship Systems, A. L. Kroeber. Pp. 339-396. May, 1917 .60

10. Ceremonies of the Porno Indians, by S. A. Barrett. Pp. 397-441, 8 textfigures. July, 1917 _ _ .45

11. Porno Bear Doctors, by S. A. Barrett. Pp. 443-465, plate 7. July, 1917 .25

Index, pp. 467-473.

VoL IS. 1. The Position of Yana in the Hokan Stock, by E. Sapir. Pp. 1-34. July,1917 35

2. The Yana Indians, by T. T. Waterman. Pp. 35-102, plates 1-20. February,1918 .75

3. Yahi Archery, by Saxton T. Pope. Pp. 103-152, plates 21-37. March, 1918 .75

4. Yana Terms of Relationship, by Edward Sapir. Pp. 153-173. March, 1918 .255. The Medical History of Ishi, by Saxton T. Pope. Pp. 175-213, plates 38-44,

8 figures in text. May, 1920 ..._ 45

Vol.14. 1. The Language of the Salinan Indians, by J. Alden Mason. Pp. 1-154.

January, 1918 1.752. Clans and Moieties in Southern California, by Edward Winslow Gifford.

Pp. 155-219, 1 figure in text. March, 1918 .75

8. Ethnogeography and Archaeology of the Wiyot Territory, by Llewellyn L.Loud. Pp. 221-436, plates 1-21, 15 text figures. December, 1918 2.50

4. The Wintun Hesi Ceremony, by S. A. Barrett. Pp. 437-488, plates 22-23,3 figures in text. March, 1919 75

5. The Genetic Relationship of the North American Indian Languages, byPaul Radin. Pp. 489-502. May, 1919 .15

VoL 15. 1. Ifugao Law, by R. F. Barton. Pp. 1-186, plates 1-33. February, 1919 2.002. Nabaloi Songs, by C. R. Moss and A. L. Kroeber. Pp. 187-206. May, 1919 .20

VoL 16. 1. Myths of the Southern Sierra Miwok, by S. A. Barrett. Pp. 1-28. March,1919 _ SO

2. The Matrilineal Complex, by Robert H. Lowie. Pp. 29-45. March, 1919 .15

3. The Linguistic Families of California, by Roland B. Dixon and A. L.Kroeber. Pp. 47-118, map 1, 1 figure in text. September, 1919 76

4. Calendars of the Indians North of Mexico, by Leona Cope. Pp. 119-178,with 3 maps. November, 1919 76

5. Yurok Geography, by T. T. Waterman. Pp. 177-314, plates 1-16, 1 text

figure, 34 maps. May, 1920 2.00

6. The Cahuilla Indians, by Lucile Hooper. Pp. 315-380. April, 1920 757. The Autobiography of a Winnebago Indian, by Paul Radin. Pp. 381-473.

April, 1920 1.00

8. Yuman Tribes of the Lower Colorado, by A. L. Kroeber. Pp. 475-485.

August, 1920 25

Vol. 17. 1. The Sources and Authenticity of the History of the Ancient Mexicans, byPaul Radin. Pp. 1-150, 17 plates. June, 1920 1.75

2. California Culture Provinces, by A. L. Kroeber (In press)

Volumes now completed:

Volume 1. 1903-1904. 378 pages and SO plates _ 14.25Volume 2. 1904-1907. 393 pages^and 21 plates '. 3.60

Volume 3. 1905. The Morphology of the Hupa Language, 344 pages 3.50

Volume 4. 1906-1907. 374 pages, with 5 tables, 10 plates, and map 3.50

Volume 5. 1907-1910. 384 pages, with 25 plates 3.50

Volume 6. 1908. 400 pages, with 3 maps 3.60

Volume 7. 1907-1910. 443 pages and 50 plates _ 3.50

Volume 8. 1908-1910. 369 pages and 28 plates 3.50

Volume 9. 1910-1911. 439 pages 3.50

Volume 10. 1911-1914. 385 pages and 41 plates _ 3.60

Volume 11. 1911-1916. 479 pages and 45 plates 3.50

Volume 12. 1916-1917. 473 pages and 7 plates 5.00

U.C. BERKELEY LIBRARIES

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