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BLUETOOTH12/30/2015

Zainab Zafar Farhan MS IV 004

Bluetooth-word document

Zainab Zafar Farhan -MS IV 004

Bluetooth.Bluetooth is an industrial specification for wireless personal networks (PANs). Bluetooth provides a way to connect and exchange information between devices such as mobile phones, PCs, laptops, printers, digital cameras and video game consoles via a secure, globally unlicensed short-range radio frequency.

Uses. A typical Bluetooth mobile headset. A typical Bluetooth USB adaptor, shown here next to a coin for size

purposes. Bluetooth is a radio standard and communications protocol primarily

designed for lower power consumption, with a short range (power class dependent : 1 metre, 10 metres, 100metres) based around low cost transceiver microchips in each device.

Bluetooth lets these devices communicate with each other when they are in range. The devices use a radio communications system, so they do not have to be in line of sight of each other and can ever be in other rooms. So long as the received transmission is powerful enough.

Class Maximum Permitted Power(mW)

Maximum Permitted Power(dBm)

Range(approximate)

Class 1 100mW 20dBm ~100 metresClass2 2.5mW 4dBm ~10 metresClass3 1mW 0dBm ~1 metres

List of applications Wireless control of and communication between a cell phone and a hands

free headset or car kit. This was one of the earliest applications to become popular.

Wireless networking between PCs in a confined space and where little bandwidth is required.

Wireless communications with PC input and output devices, the most common being the mouse, the keyboard and printer.

Transfer of files between devices via OBEX. Transfer of contact details, calender appointments, and reminders

between devices via OBEX. Replacement of traditional wired serial communications in test

equipments, GPS receivers and medical equipments. For controls where infrared was traditionally used.

Wednesday, 30 December 2015

Bluetooth-word document

Sending small advertisements from Bluetooth enabled advertising hoardings to other, discoverable, Bluetooth for their wireless controllers.

Bluetooth vs. Wi-Fi in networking.Bluetooth and Wi-Fi’s both have their places in today’s offices, homes and on the move: setting up networks, printing, or transferring presentations and files from PDAs to computers.BLUETOOTHBluetooth is in a variety of new products such as phones, modems, and headsets. Bluetooth is acceptable for situations when two or more devices are in proximity to each other and don’t require high bandwidth. Bluetooth is most commonly used with mobile phones and hand-held computing devices, either using a Bluetooth headset or transferring files from phones/PDAs to computers.Bluetooth also simplified the discovery and setup of ser5vices. Wi-Fi is more analogous to the traditional Ethernet network and requires configuration to setup shared resources, transmit files, set up audio links (e.g. headsets and hands-free devices ) whereas Bluetooth devices advertise all services they actually provide; this makes the utility of the services that much more accessible, without the need to worry about network addresses, permissions and all other considerations that go with typical networks

Wi-FiWi-Fi uses the same radio frequencies as the Bluetooth, but with higher power consumption resulting in a stronger connection. As mentioned earlier, Wi-Fi is sometimes but rarely, called “wireless Ethernet”. Although this description is inaccurate it provides an indication of Wi-Fi’s relative strengths and weaknesses. Wi-Fi requires more setup but is better suited for operatingfor operating full-scale networks as it enables a faster connection, better range from the base station, and better security than Bluetooth.One method for comparing the efficiency of wireless transmission protocols such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi is called spatial capacity

TV Tuner cardA TV tuner card is a computer component that allows television signals to be received by a computer. Most TV tuners also function as video capture cards, allowing them to record television programs onto a hard drive.

While typically a PCI-bus expansion card, they can also be a USB device. Some video cards double as TV tuners, notably the ATI All-In-Wonder series. The card contains a receiver, tuner, demodulator, and a analog-to-digital converter for analog TV. Like TV sets, each version is designed for

Wednesday, 30 December 2015

Bluetooth-word document

the radio frequencies and video formats used in each country. However, many TV tuners used in computers use DSP, so a firmware upgrade is often all that's necessary to change the supported video format. Many newer TV tuners have flash memory big enough to hold the firmwares for decoding several different video formats, making it possible to use the tuner in many countries without having to flash the firmware. In addition to the frequency tuner, many include a composite video input. Many TV tuners can function as FM radios: this is because the FM radio spectrum lies between television channels 6 and 7, and the DSP can be easily programmed to decode FM.

Some provide DVB reception for digital radio, television or data signals (either with or without hardware MPEG decoding capability); these may be used to receive satellite broadcasts but normally provide no analogue input capability.

broadcasts but normally provide no analogue input capability.

Most internal tuners do all the low level demodulation needed to convert a radio signal into an on-screen image using a hardware DSP chip or ASIC; some also have hardware MPEG encoders and use DMA to bypass the CPU entirely. Some cheaper tuners don't have much in the way of onboard signal processing and rely on the system's CPU for that task. External tuners may convert the signal into either a video stream suitable for display on the screen, or to an intermediate format such as MPEG; in either case, the CPU is needed to direct the image onto the screen.

TV tuners supporting digital television broadcasts eventually became available; a tuner displaying an HDTV image on a computer monitor is typically much cheaper than a dedicated high-definition television system, but with a smaller physical screen. Broadcasts can also be digitally recorded by the computer for later replay, or distribution (illegal in many countries) to other computer users.

There is one more PCI card which will act as television receiver (a.k.a Set-top box) - This will be based on DVB and can deliver MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4 or DivX content. This is also known as Digital television adapter.

Wednesday, 30 December 2015