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Zoltan J. Acs George Mason University
Laszlo SzerbUniversity of Pecs
Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index Launch
Victoria and Albert Museum, London UK
1 March 2011
The Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index
Shaping The Future
“Making predictions is really hard, especially about the future.”
Yogi BeraNew York
Yankees
Stages over time
In an age where human ingenuity powers growth,
the question of the developing economies & their human capital becomes the
largest economic and social opportunity in the history of the world
Jedi Warrior – Killer App
Purpose of GEDIGEDINDEX is a tool.The purpose of the GEDINDEX is to give the
world a “tool to support sustainable growth, and increased standards of living by measuring the contextual nature of successful entrepreneurship.
Support for entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship policy appears to be gaining acceptance globally
However, a real understanding of entrepreneurship & the successful implementation of policies that actually support and lead to the development of high impact firms is rare
Why is true understanding of entrepreneurship and policy rare?
Entrepreneurship is a complex phenomenon with individuals, societal norms, economic, political, and educational institutions interacting around the future (the unknown)
Very difficult to understand (not to mention measure)
What do we mean by entrepreneurship?
High Impact Firms:
•Microsoft•Lenovo•Infosys
NOT: coffee shops, home based businesses, and self-employed
Some call them Gazelles, because they grow fast, employ people, growing partners/suppliers, & generally have deep impact on regional, national, or even
Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index
Created to capture the multidimensional nature of entrepreneurship
Employs qualitative as well as quantitative measures
Uses institutional and individual variables
What the sub indexes can tell us
Attitude measures society’s basic attitudes toward entrepreneurship through education and social stability.
Activity measures what individuals are actually doing to improve the quality of human resources and technological efficiency.
Aspiration measures how much of the entrepreneurial activity is being directed toward innovation, high-impact entrepreneurship, and globalization.
More powerful collectively
Attributes in the sub-indexes, are more powerful collectively than they are individually.
This makes true entrepreneurship, the killer application for sustainable economic development
More powerful collectively
In an efficiency-driven economy (manufacturing) individuals need to be encouraged to be entrepreneurs and start businesses.
In an innovation-driven economy (knowledge-based economy) some entrepreneurs need to create large and successful enterprise
GEDI INDEXThe Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index GEDI is a collaboration between George Mason University, University of Pécs, and Imperial College Business School, London. The GEDI Index combines Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) data with data on country-level institutional conditions to estimate a country’s Entrepreneurial Attitudes, Aspirations, and Activities. Combined, these three pillars define the entrepreneurial character of a nation.
Each of the three pillars – Attitudes, Aspirations, and Activities – comprises several sub-pillars, such as Opportunity Perception, Cultural Support, Opportunity Start-Ups, Growth Aspirations and New Technology.
For the GEDI method, see www.thegedi.org.
www.thegedi.org
Policy Conclusions and ToolStages of developmentSimple measures do not workThe index tracks wellInstitutions and people both importantPeople become more important as we move
from factor to efficiency to innovation.
Back to the Future: the World in 2050Surging, Shifting
PopulationsAbundance of human
capitalWill we unleash the killer
application: entrepreneurship?
Can we use GEDIndex and others to focus investments, policies, and welcome 3 billion new global citizens to sustainable growth and improved standards of living