ZONDERVAN - Monergism Books :: Reformed Books - … · 2011-12-17 · 6. Paul’s Missionary Journeys 124 7. A Chronology of the Apostolic Age 127 8. An Alternate Chronology of the

ZONDERVAN

Chronological and Background Charts of the New Testament, Second EditionCopyright © 1981, 2009 by H. Wayne House

Requests for information should be addressed to:

Zondervan, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49530

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

House, H. Wayne. Chronological and background charts of the New Testament. Bibliography: p. cm. ISBN 978-0-310-28293-8 1. Bible. N.T. — Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Title. II. Series.BS230.H68 2009 225.6’1 AACR2 81-130099

All Scripture quotations, unless otherwise indicated, are taken from the Holy Bible, New International Version®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by International Bible Society. Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved.

New Revised Standard Version Bible, copyright 1989, Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

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Contents

Foreword 9

Preface to the Second Edition 11

Preface to the First Edition 13

Charts

Part I: General Material

1. Books of the New Testament (arranged according to time of writing) 16

2. Books of the New Testament in English, Latin, and Greek 18

3. Literary Classification of the New Testament 19

4. Books of the New Testament Classified Doctrinally 20

5. Theological Emphases and Order of New Testament Letters 21

6. The New Testament Canon in the First Four Centuries 22

7. Early Patristic Quotations of the New Testament 23

8. Theories concerning the History of the Text 24

9. Liquid and Dry Measures 25

10. Weights 25

11. Length and Distance 26

12. Money 27

13. New Testament Quotations of Old Testament Passages 28

14. Selected New Testament Prophecies and Their Fulfillment in the

New Testament Period 33

15. Prayers in the New Testament 37

16. Sermons and Speeches in the New Testament 40

17. Old Testament Characters in the New Testament 41

18. Prominent Secondary Figures of the New Testament 44

Part II: Backgrounds to the New Testament

1. A Chronological History of Rome 48

2. A Chronological History of Greece 50

3. A Chronological History of Israel 52

4. The Structure of Roman Society 54

5. The Roman Political System 55

6. The Roman Military System 56

7. Graeco-Roman Deities 57

8. Selected Jewish and Chris tian Literature 58

9. Cities in the New Testament

a. Cities of Christ 59

b. Cities Paul Visited 60

c. Cities of the Seven Churches of the Apocalypse 61


10. First-Century Emperors, Roman Prefects over Judea, and Rulers in Israel 63

11. Roman Emperors in the Time of the New Testament 64

12. First-Century Prefects of Judea 65

13. The Ptolemies 66

14. The Seleucids 67

15. The Maccabees 68

16. The Jewish High Priests 69

17. A Genealogical Chart of the Herodian Dynasty 71

18. Jewish Sects of the First Century 72

19. Christ and Chris tian ity in Jewish and Pagan Sources 75

20. Jewish Sacred and Civil Year 78

21. The Reckoning of Passover 80

22. The Reckoning of Passover (Blomberg’s Proposal) 81

23. The Dead Sea Scrolls 82

24. Rabbinic Writings 84

Part III: The Gospels

1. Literary Relationships of the Synoptic Gospels 86

2. Suggested Solutions to the Synoptic Problem 87

3. Contents of Hypothetical Q 88

4. Material Unique to Matthew 89

5. Material Unique to Mark 89

6. Material Unique to Luke 90

7. Synoptic Parallels 91

8. Matthew – Mark Parallels 92

9. Luke – Mark Parallels 92

10. A Comparative Chart of the Four Gospels 93

11. Contrasts between the Synoptics and John 94

12. The Five Gospels of the Jesus Seminar 95

13. The Genealogy of Jesus Christ 96

14. Old Testament Prophecies concerning Christ and Chris tian ity 98

15. The Jewish Enthronement Motif and Jesus the Messiah 101

16. A Chronology of the Ministry of Jesus 102

17. An Alternate Chronological Table of Christ’s Life 104

18. The Ministry of Christ 105

19. The Duration of Christ’s Ministry 106

20. Parables of Jesus 109

21. Nature Miracles 112

22. Healing Miracles 113

Part IV: The Apostolic Age

1. Major Events in New Testament History in the First Century A.D. 118

2. The Kerygma of the Early Church 120

3. Possible Sources behind the Book of Acts 121

4. Luke’s Presentation in Acts of the Growth of Chris tian ity 122

5. Parallels between the Structures of Luke and Acts 123


6. Paul’s Missionary Journeys 124

7. A Chronology of the Apostolic Age 127

8. An Alternate Chronology of the Apostolic Age 129

9. The Twelve Apostles 133

10. Corinthian Correspondence and Visits 135

11. The Destination of the Letter to the Galatians

a. Northern Galatia Theory 136

b. Southern Galatia Theory 138

12. Similarities between Ephesians and Colossians 140

13. Arguments concerning the Pauline Authorship of Ephesians 141

14. Arguments concerning the Pauline Authorship of Colossians 142

15. Arguments concerning the Pauline Authorship of 2 Thes salo nians 143

16. Arguments concerning the Pauline Authorship of the Pastoral Epistles 144

17. Theories concerning the Authorship of Hebrews 145

18. Arguments concerning the Petrine Authorship of 2 Peter 150

19. Arguments concerning the Relationship between 2 Peter and Jude 151

20. Interpretations of Revelation 152

21. Theological Perspectives on Revelation 152

22. Theories of Literary Structures of Revelation 153

23. Arguments concerning the Date of Revelation 154

24. Content and Correlation of the Judgments of Seals, Trumpets, and Bowls 155

Bibliography 156

Indexes 161


15

PART IGeneral Material


16

Boo

kA

utho

rT

ime

of W

riti

ng1

Pla

ce o

f W

riti

ng

Add

ress

ees

Gal

atia

nsPa

ul49

, jus

t aft

er 1

st

mis

sion

ary

jour

ney

Ant

ioch

in S

yria

(?)

Chris

tians

in P

isid

ian

Ant

ioch

, Ic

oniu

m, L

ystr

a, D

erbe

,an

d so

uthe

rn G

alat

ia

1 Th

essa

loni

ans

Paul

50–5

1, d

urin

g 2n

d m

issi

onar

y jo

urne

yCo

rinth

Chris

tians

in T

hess

alon

ica

2 Th

essa

loni

ans

Paul

50–5

1, d

urin

g 2n

d m

issi

onar

y jo

urne

yCo

rinth

Chris

tians

in T

hess

alon

ica

1 Co

rinth

ians

Paul

55–5

6, d

urin

g 3r

dm

issi

onar

y jo

urne

yEp

hesu

sCh

ristia

ns in

Cor

inth

2 Co

rinth

ians

Paul

55–5

6, d

urin

g 3r

dm

issi

onar

y jo

urne

yM

aced

onia

Chris

tians

in C

orin

th

Rom

ans

Paul

55–5

7, d

urin

g 3r

d m

issi

onar

y jo

urne

yCo

rinth

Chris

tians

in R

ome

Jam

esJa

mes

, hal

f bro

ther

of Je

sus

40s–

early

60s

Prob

ably

Jeru

sale

mJe

wis

h Ch

ristia

ns o

fth

e D

ispe

rsio

n

Mar

kJo

hn M

ark

late

50s

or e

arly

60s

Rom

eM

ost l

ikel

y Ro

man

Chr

istia

ns

(per

haps

faci

ng p

erse

cutio

n)

Phile

mon

Paul

60–6

2Ro

me

Phile

mon

, his

fam

ily, a

nd th

e ch

urch

in

his

hou

se a

t Col

osse

Colo

ssia

nsPa

ul60

–62

Rom

eCh

ristia

ns in

Col

osse

Ephe

sian

sPa

ul60

–62

Rom

eCh

ristia

ns in

the

regi

onar

ound

Eph

esus

Luke

Luke

57–6

2Pr

obab

ly C

aesa

rea

or R

ome

A C

hris

tian

Rom

an o

ffi ci

al

Boo

ks

of th

e N

ew T

esta

men

t(a

rran

ged

acc

ord

ing

to ti

me

of w

riti

ng)


17

Boo

kA

utho

rT

ime

of W

riti

ng1

Pla

ce o

f W

riti

ng

Add

ress

ees

Acts

Luke

60–6

2Ro

me

Sam

e as

abo

ve

Phili

ppia

nsPa

ul61

–62

Rom

eCh

ristia

ns in

Phi

lippi

1 Ti

mot

hyPa

ul62

–68

Mac

edon

iaTi

mot

hy in

Eph

esus

Titu

sPa

ul62

–68

Nic

opol

isTi

tus

in C

rete

2 Ti

mot

hyPa

ul63

–68

Rom

eTi

mot

hy in

Eph

esus

1 Pe

ter

Pete

rea

rly-t

o-m

id 6

0sRo

me

Chris

tians

in P

ontu

s, G

alat

ia,

Capp

adoc

ia, A

sia,

and

Bith

ynia

2 Pe

ter

Pete

rm

id-t

o-la

te 6

0sRo

me

Chris

tians

in P

ontu

s, G

alat

ia,

Capp

adoc

ia, A

sia,

and

Bith

ynia

Mat

thew

Mat

thew

40–6

0Pr

obab

ly A

ntio

chin

Syr

iaJe

ws

in S

yria

or P

ales

tine

Heb

rew

sU

nkno

wn2 (A

pollo

s,

Luke

, Bar

naba

s, P

risci

lla?)

60s

Unk

now

nJe

wis

h Ch

ristia

nsin

Rom

e or

Jeru

sale

m

Jude

Jude

, hal

f bro

ther

of

Jesu

s50

s to

70s

Unk

now

nCh

ristia

ns in

gen

eral

John

John

late

80s

or e

arly

90s

Ephe

sus

Chris

tians

and

/or n

on-C

hris

tians

in th

e re

gion

aro

und

Ephe

sus

1 Jo

hnJo

hnla

te 8

0s o

r ear

ly 9

0sEp

hesu

sCh

ristia

ns in

the

regi

onar

ound

Eph

esus

2 Jo

hnJo

hnla

te 8

0s o

r ear

ly 9

0sEp

hesu

sA

chu

rch

near

Eph

esus

3 Jo

hnJo

hnla

te 8

0s o

r ear

ly 9

0sEp

hesu

sG

aius

, a C

hris

tian

in th

e re

gion

arou

nd E

phes

us

Reve

latio

nJo

hnm

id 9

0sPa

tmos

, off

coas

tof

Asi

a M

inor

Seve

n ch

urch

es in

wes

tern

Asi

a M

inor

1 A

ll d

ates

are

A.D

. D

ate

of

wri

tin

g,

pla

ce o

f w

riti

ng

, a

nd

ad

dre

sses

are

dis

pu

ted

am

on

g s

cho

lars

. F

or

rep

rese

nta

tiv

e d

ates

by

co

nse

rvat

ive

sch

ola

rs,

see

Mer

rill

C.

Ten

ney

, N

ew T

esta

-m

ent S

urve

y, r

ev. e

d.,

ed

ited

by

Wa

lter

M. D

un

net

t (G

ran

d R

apid

s: E

erd

ma

ns,

198

5);

Ro

ber

t G

. Gro

mack

i, N

ew T

esta

men

t Sur

vey

(Gra

nd

Rap

ids:

Ba

ker

, 1989

); D

on

ald

Gu

thri

e, N

ew T

esta

-m

ent I

ntro

duct

ion,

4th

rev

. ed

. (D

ow

ner

s G

rov

e, I

ll.:

In

terV

ars

ity

Pre

ss,

199

0);

Ro

ber

t H

. G

un

dry

, A

Sur

vey

of th

e N

ew T

esta

men

t, 4th

ed

. (G

ran

d R

apid

s: Z

on

der

va

n,

200

3);

D.

A.

Ca

rso

n

an

d D

ou

gla

s J.

Mo

o,

An

Intr

oduc

tion

to th

e N

ew T

esta

men

t, 2

nd

ed

. (G

ran

d R

apid

s: Z

on

der

va

n, 20

06).

2 S

ee

cha

rt o

n a

uth

ors

hip

of

Heb

rew

s fo

r d

eta

ils.

Th

e b

ase

fo

r th

is c

ha

rt i

s fr

om

Ro

ber

t H

. G

un

dry

, A

Sur

vey

of th

e N

ew T

esta

men

t, 4t

h e

d. (G

ran

d R

apid

s: Z

on

der

va

n, 20

03

). A

dap

ted

by

per

mis

sio

n.


18

Books of the New Testament

English Latin Greek (with Translation)

Matthew Incipit EvangeliumSecundum Matthaeus

Kata Maththaion, According to Matthew

Mark Incipit EvangeliumSecundum Marcus

Kata Markon, According to Mark

Luke Incipit EvangeliumSecundum Lucas

Kata Loukan, According to Luke

John Incipit EvangeliumSecundum Iohannes

Kata Iōannēn, According to John

Acts Actus Apostolorum Praxeis Apostolon, Acts or Deeds of Apostles

Romans ad Romanos Pro Rōmaious, To the Romans

1 Corinthians ad Corinthios I Korinthious a, First (letter) to the Corinthians

2 Corintians ad Corinthios II Korinthious b, Second (letter) to the Corinthians

Galatians ad Galatas Galatas, To the Galatians

Ephesians ad Ephesios Ephesious, To the Ephesians

Philippians ad Philippenses Philippēsious, To the Philippians

Colossians ad Colossenses Kolossaeis, To the Colossians

1 Thessalonians ad Thessalonicenses I Thessalonikeis a, First (letter) to the Thessalonians

2 Thessalonians ad Thessalonicenses II Thessalonikeis b, Second (letter) to the Thessalonians

1 Timothy ad Timotheum I Timotheon a, First (letter) to Timothy

2 Timothy ad Timotheum II Timotheon b, Second (letter) to Timothy

Titus ad Titum Titon, To Titus

Philemon ad Philemonem Philēmona, To Philemon

Hebrews ad Hebraeos Pros Hebraious, To Hebrews

James Iacobi Iakōbou, Of James

1 Peter Petri I Petrou a, First (letter) of Peter

2 Peter Petri II Petrou b, Second (letter) of Peter

1 John Ioannis I Iōannou a, First (letter) of John

2 John Ioannis II Iōannou b, Second (letter) of John

3 John Ioannis III Iōannou g, Third (letter) of JohnJude Iudae Iouda, Jude

Revelation Apocalypsis Apokalypsis Iōannou, Revelation of John


19

Lit

erar

y C

lass

ific

atio

n o

f th

e N

ew T

esta

men

t

Bio

grap

hy1

His

tory

2Pa

uli

ne

Ep

istl

esG

ener

al

Ep

istl

esP

roph

ecy-

Ap

ocal

ypse

3

Mat

thew

Mar

kLu

keJo

hn

Acts

Rom

ans

1 Co

rinth

ians

2 Co

rinth

ians

Gal

atia

nsEp

hesi

ans

Phili

ppia

nsCo

loss

ians

1 Th

essa

loni

ans

2 Th

essa

loni

ans

1 Ti

mot

hy2

Tim

othy

Titu

sPh

ilem

on

Heb

rew

sJa

mes

1 Pe

ter

2 Pe

ter

1 Jo

hn2

John

3 Jo

hnJu

de

Reve

latio

n

1 T

hese

are

no

t o

rdin

ary

bio

gra

ph

ies

bu

t ra

ther

th

e u

niq

ue

sto

ries

of

the

life

of

Jesu

s C

hri

st.

2 A

cts

is n

ot

mer

ely

his

tory

in

th

e se

nse

of

a r

eco

rd o

f h

isto

rica

l d

ata.

It i

s in

terp

reti

ve

theo

log

ica

l h

isto

ry—

Sa

lvat

ion

his

tory

.

3 T

he

Bo

ok

of

Rev

elat

ion

sh

are

s si

mil

ari

ties

wit

h J

ewis

h a

po

caly

pti

c w

ork

s a

nd

lat

er O

ld T

est

am

en

t b

oo

ks

of

apo

caly

pti

cism

, b

ut

als

o w

ith

Old

Test

am

en

t p

rop

hecy

. In

tern

all

y, t

he

bo

ok

is

call

ed

a b

oo

k o

f p

rop

hecy

an

d a

n a

po

caly

psi

s. E

pis

tola

ry f

orm

s a

re a

lso

ev

iden

t (e

.g.,

Rev

. 2–

3).


20

Boo

ks

of th

e N

ew T

esta

men

t Cla

ssif

ied

Doc

trin

ally

Boo

k

Cla

ssif

icat

ion

The

me

Mat

thew

Gos

pel—

Goo

d N

ews

of Je

sus

Chris

tJe

sus

the

Mes

siah

as

King

Mar

kG

ospe

l—G

ood

New

s of

Jesu

s Ch

rist

Jesu

s th

e M

essi

ah a

s Se

rvan

t of Y

ahw

ehLu

keG

ospe

l—G

ood

New

s of

Jesu

s Ch

rist

Jesu

s th

e M

essi

ah a

s Tr

ue M

anJo

hnG

ospe

l—G

ood

New

s of

Jesu

s Ch

rist

Jesu

s th

e M

essi

ah a

s So

n of

God

Acts

Theo

logi

cal h

isto

ryAc

ts o

f the

Hol

y Sp

irit t

hrou

gh th

e ch

urch

Rom

ans

Sote

riolo

gyPa

ul’s

inte

rpre

tatio

n of

the

gosp

el1

Corin

thia

nsEc

cles

iolo

gyCh

urch

pro

blem

s2

Corin

thia

nsEc

cles

iolo

gyM

inis

try

of P

aul v

indi

cate

dG

alat

ians

Sote

riolo

gyLi

bera

tion

by th

e go

spel

Ephe

sian

sCh

risto

logy

Chris

t as

Lord

ove

r the

chu

rch

Phili

ppia

nsCh

risto

logy

Joy

in C

hris

tCo

loss

ians

Chris

tolo

gyCh

rist a

s Lo

rd o

ver t

he c

osm

os1

Thes

salo

nian

sEs

chat

olog

ySe

cond

com

ing

of C

hris

t des

crib

ed2

Thes

salo

nian

sEs

chat

olog

ySe

cond

com

ing

of C

hris

t cla

rifi e

d1

Tim

othy

Eccl

esio

logy

Past

oral

car

e of

a c

hurc

h2

Tim

othy

Eccl

esio

logy

Min

istr

y of

Pau

l com

plet

ed a

nd h

is fi

nal c

harg

e to

his

spiri

tual

son

Titu

sEc

cles

iolo

gyTh

e pr

oper

trai

ts o

f a c

hurc

h—so

und

doct

rine

and

good

wor

ksPh

ilem

onPe

rson

al n

ote

Forg

iven

ess

and

brot

herh

ood

in C

hris

tH

ebre

ws

Chris

tolo

gy-s

oter

iolo

gySu

perio

rity

of th

e pr

iest

hood

of C

hris

t and

His

sal

vatio

nJa

mes

Sote

riolo

gyPr

actic

al o

utw

orki

ng o

f sal

vatio

n1

Pete

rEs

chat

olog

yCh

ristia

n re

spon

se to

suff e

ring

in a

ntic

ipat

ion

of C

hris

t’s c

omin

g2

Pete

rEs

chat

olog

yCe

rtai

nty

of th

e go

spel

and

the

Day

of t

he L

ord

1 Jo

hnSo

terio

logy

Ass

uran

ce o

f per

sona

l sal

vatio

n2

John

Sote

riolo

gyW

arni

ng a

bout

fals

e te

achi

ng3

John

Pers

onal

not

eEx

hort

atio

n in

vie

w o

f dom

inee

ring

and

mal

icio

us le

ader

Jude

Esch

atol

ogy

Cont

endi

ng fo

r the

faith

in v

iew

of C

hris

t’s c

omin

gRe

vela

tion

Esch

atol

ogy

Vict

ory

of C

hris

t and

the

chur

ch o

ver s

in a

nd th

e w

orld

Th

e b

ase

of

this

ch

art

is

fro

m I

rvin

g J

en

sen

, 1

Cor

inth

ians

(C

hic

ag

o: M

oo

dy,

197

2).

Ad

apte

d b

y p

erm

issi

on

.


21

Theological Emphases and Order of New Testament Letters

LiteraryClassifi-

cation

New Testament

Book

Theological Category

TheologicalEmphasis

Gospels

Matthew Jesus as King

Mark Jesus as Servant

Luke Jesus as Son of Man

John Jesus as Son of God

History Acts Birth and building of the church

Epistles,Pauline

Romans Salvation Explanation of thedoctrine of salvation

1 CorinthiansChurch

Discussion of various aspects of Christian conduct

2 Corinthians Portrayal of the Christian ministry

Galatians Salvation Implications of justifi cation by faith

EphesiansChurch as thebody of Christ

Believer’s position “in Christ”

Philippians Believer’s attitude in Christ

Colossians Believer’s completeness in Christ

1 Thess.Second Coming

Second Coming described

2 Thess. Second Coming clarifi ed

1 Timothy

Church organization

Conduct in house of God elucidated

2 Timothy Final charge to servant of God given

Titus Need for sound doctrine andgood works stated

Philemon Personal note Favor requested for aChristian brother

Epistles,General

Hebrews

Comfort and exhortation

Superiority of Christ andChristian life

James Need for good works as evidenceof genuine faith

1 Peter Conduct and joy of believersin suff ering

2 PeterWarning concerning

false teaching

Gospel’s certainty and theDay of the Lord

1, 2, 3 John Way of fellowship and genuine faith

Jude Warning concerning false teachers

Prophecy-Apocalypse

Revelation Capstone of God’s kingdom and redemptive programs

The base for this chart is from Stanley A. Ellisen, Bible Workbook, Part VI: The Synoptic Gospels (Portland, Ore.: Western Conservative

Baptist Seminary, 1969; Stanley A. Ellisen, The Book of Romans: God’s Philosophy of Salvation, Progressive Bible Studies (Portland, Ore.:

Western Conservative Baptist Seminary, 1971). Adapted by permission.


22

Th

e N

ew T

esta

men

t Can

on in

the

Firs

t Fou

r C

entu

ries

Mat

t.X

XX

XX

XX

OX

XX

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OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OM

ark

XX

XX

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XX

XX

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

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Luke

XX

XX

XO

XX

XX

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

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hnX

XX

XO

OX

XX

OO

OO

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cts

XX

OX

XX

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OO

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Rom

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XX

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XX

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OO

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1 Co

r.X

XX

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OX

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XX

OX

XO

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OO

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.X

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h.X

XX

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XX

XX

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OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

Phil.

XX

XX

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XX

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

Col.

XX

OX

XO

XX

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

1 Th

ess.

XX

XX

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OO

OO

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s.X

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XX

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OO

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m.

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XX

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OO

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Tim

.X

XX

XX

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OTi

tus

XX

XX

OX

XO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

Phile

m.

XO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

OH

eb.

XX

XX

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X?

OO

OO

OO

OO

OO

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Jam

esX

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OO

OO

O?

OO

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rX

XX

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XO

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OO

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rX

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OO

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1 Jo

hnX

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John

XX

?O

?O

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OO

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John

?O

?O

OO

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OO

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deX

OX

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OO

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v.X

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OX

OX

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OO

OO

OO

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Book

Indi

vidu

als

Cano

nsTr

ansl

atio

nsCo

unci

ls

Pseudo-Barnabas (c. 70–130)Clement of Rome (c. 95–97)Ignatius (c. 110) Polycarp (c. 110–50) Hermas (c. 115–40) Didache (c. 120–50) Papias (c. 130–40) Irenaeus (c. 130–202) Diognetus (c. 150) Justin Martyr (c. 150–55)Clement of Alexandria (c. 150–215)

Tertullian (c. 150–220) Origen (c. 185–254) Cyril of Jerusalem (c. 315–86)Eusebius (c. 325–40) Jerome (c. 340–420) Augustine (c. 400)

Marcion (c. 140) Muratorian (c. 170) Barococcio (c. 206) Apostolic (c. 300) Cheltenham (c. 360) Athanasius (367)

Tatian Diatessaron (c. 170)Old Latin (c. 150–70) Old Syriac (c. 200)

Nicea (c. 325–40) Hippo (393)Carthage (397) Carthage (419)

X =

Cita

tion

or a

llusi

onO

= N

amed

as

auth

entic

? =

Nam

ed a

s di

sput

ed

Ta

ken

wit

h a

dap

tati

on

fro

m W

illi

am

E. N

ix a

nd

No

rma

n L

. Gei

sler

, In

trod

ucti

on to

the

Bib

le (

Ch

icag

o: M

oo

dy,

196

8).

Use

d b

y p

erm

issi

on

. See

als

o B

ruce

M. M

etzg

er,

The

Can

on o

f the

New

Tes

tam

ent:

Its

Ori

gin,

Dev

elop

men

t and

Sig

nifi c

ance

(N

ew Y

ork

: O

xfo

rd U

niv

ersi

ty P

ress

, c.

1987

, 19

97).


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