ZONE OF PROXIMAL ZONE OF PROXIMAL DEVELOPMENT (ZPD)DEVELOPMENT (ZPD)

By:By:Tri Maryunanik Tri Maryunanik 0420224106204202241062Rahmat Nugroho Rahmat Nugroho 0420224106304202241063WidiastutikWidiastutik 0420224107504202241075Asep Kurniawan Asep Kurniawan 0420224108404202241084

DefinitionDefinition

ZPD : ”the difference between what ZPD : ”the difference between what children or students can accomplish children or students can accomplish independently, and what they can achieve independently, and what they can achieve in conjunction or in collaboration with in conjunction or in collaboration with another; more competent person.“another; more competent person.“

ZPD : ” ZPD : ” the area between a learner's level the area between a learner's level of independent performance (often called of independent performance (often called developmental level) and the level of developmental level) and the level of assisted performance–what the child can assisted performance–what the child can do with support. “do with support. “

CHARACTERISTICCHARACTERISTIC

ZPD ZPD onlyonly occurs in a learning process occurs in a learning process when the learner is helped by others when the learner is helped by others more competent (mediation).more competent (mediation).

The ZPD is more useful measure of The ZPD is more useful measure of intelligence or ability (Vygotsky).intelligence or ability (Vygotsky).

PROCESS OF ZPDPROCESS OF ZPD

automatizationautomatization

de-automatizationde-automatization

inner speechinner speech

mediationmediation

internalizationinternalization

automatizationautomatization

PICTURE OF ZPDPICTURE OF ZPD

STAGES OF ZPDSTAGES OF ZPD

EXAMPLE OF ZPDEXAMPLE OF ZPD

In the design of many of the informal In the design of many of the informal reading inventories given by reading reading inventories given by reading specialists. The students read lists of specialists. The students read lists of words at different levels, from easy words at different levels, from easy to too difficult, and also read to too difficult, and also read passages and answer comprehension passages and answer comprehension questions that begin at an accessible questions that begin at an accessible level and progress to very difficult. level and progress to very difficult.

EXAMPLE OF ZPDEXAMPLE OF ZPDA person learns to make a scrambled egg. He can A person learns to make a scrambled egg. He can boil an egg (boil an egg (automatizationautomatization). That is his current ). That is his current level of ability (what he can do on his own). He level of ability (what he can do on his own). He does not know how to cook scrambled eggs, and does not know how to cook scrambled eggs, and it is new to him (it is new to him (de-automatizationde-automatization), so he needs ), so he needs guidance/support (guidance/support (mediationmediation) to learn how to ) to learn how to cook scrambled eggs. cook scrambled eggs. Once he has understood (Once he has understood (internalizationinternalization), he has ), he has reached his independent level.reached his independent level.Without mediation and potential level in Without mediation and potential level in consideration, the person may reach his consideration, the person may reach his frustration level, and that will not be within the frustration level, and that will not be within the person’s person’s ZPDZPD. Then the learning will NOT . Then the learning will NOT happen.happen.

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

ZPD is the gap between a learner's current or actual development level determined by independent problem-solving and the learner's emerging or potential level of development

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