Zoology Vertebrates Unit
MagnificentMammals Zoology Vertebrates Unit Classification of Mammals
Mammals are in the Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Class Mammalia General Characteristics of Mammals
Mammals have: Hair (from a lot to a little) Specialized Teeth Endothermic bodies (warm-blooded, maintain constant body temperature Mammary Glands (used to feed and care for newborn young) Placenta (most have thesesupports and protects the developing embryo) Diaphragm (muscle that is used for breathing) Specialized Teeth in Mammals
Mammals have specialized teeth. Typically begin with a milk teethset that they lose to make room for permanent teeth Types of Teeth The shape of mammal teeth depends on the function of that tooth. The three main types of teeth are: Incisorsbiting Caninesstabbing and holding Molarscrushing and grinding If the tooth fits Different mammals have different types of teeth depending on their diet. Predators have large canines. Herbivoreshave large, flat molars. Three Main Types of Mammals
Monotremes (lay eggs) Marsupials (have pouches used to care for young) Placentals (have a uterus and placenta) Order Monotremata Egg-laying mammals only found in Australia
Have reptilian characteristics like a cloaca and egg laying Have mammalian features like hair and mammary glands Order Marsupiala Young are born in an immature state and babies develop in a pouch Most are found in Australiabut the opossumis located on other continents Examples:kangaroo, wallaby, tasmanian devil, koala, opossum Placental Mammals Consist of animals in many different orders
Have a gestation period where the developing baby spends a specific time in the uterus Have a placenta that is a special organ that surrounds and protects the developing baby and allows nutrients to pass from mom to baby Some are domesticated and bred by humans, who are also placental mammals. Order Rodentia Placental mammal Teeth specialized for gnawing
Examples:mouse, rat, beaver Order Chiroptera Placental mammal Fly with a membranous wing
Use echolocation use sound waves to locate prey and objects Examples:bats Order Insectivora Placental mammal Have long noses Mainly eat insects
Examples:shrew, mole Order Carnivora Placental mammal Large carnivores Hunt for food
Examples:dog, cat. Fox, bear, raccoon Order Primate Adapted for living in trees Intelligent Opposable thumbs
Examples:chimpanzee, spider monkey, humans Order Artiodactyla Placental mammal Ungulatehave hooves Even-toed
Large rumen in stomach that helps break down plant material Examples:sheep, cow, Order Perissodactyla Placental mammal Ungulate (has hooves) Odd toed
Examples:horses, rhinoceros Order Cetacea Placental mammal Marine mammals Use echolocation
Have blowhole to release gases Examples:whales, dolphins Order Lagomorpha One pair of long incisors
Legs specialized for hopping Examples:rabbits and hares Order Sirenia Placental mammal
Marine mammals that live in shallow water Examples:manatee, dugong Order Proboscidea Proboscis (trunk) Many have long incisors (tusks)
Examples:elephants