1

122001200923204(2010)(2009)

567

8

9(, 2001) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)10JohnstoneRivera(1965) MorstainSmart (1974)

11(99.5) (2005)(2000)12Verner(, 2002)(ICON)(, 2003)13 ( , 2005)141560166056931711711118SPSS /PC 10.019

2040-49(42.9)50-59(28.6)30-39(23.2)

2157.123.26.62292.92521.42391.151.82425

..26(4.45) (3.61)(3.54) (3.31)27 (42.9) (30.4) (17.9)(10.7)()28 (30.4) 29(23.2)()30 31~~. .32. .333454.0776.835(67.9)(58.9)(57.1)(55.4)(51.8)3637

38

39

40

4142

434445