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A Long, Long Time Ago
Ancient Theatres ofEgypt and Greece
THEA 4710
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Outine of Topics
!itua and Theatre
Ancient Egypt
"asics and roots of
Gree# tragedy
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$ha%a#o $tone
E&idence oftheatre, may%e
'th( 7thcentury
")E copy of *+00")E te-t
The story of Osiris,
dismem%ered ./emphite rama
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A%ydos .2assion
2ay3 Long history of
somethingi#e
performance +00 ")E ( 0 ")E
#hernofret fragmentImage of the Ikhernofret stone,
c. 1880s BCE
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#hernofret5s te-t
cee%rated the 6feast of .Going 8orth of 9p:a:et, :hen he
proceeded to champion his father; repeed the foe from the
second %ar>>>>>>>>>>>; 6 se: a the
enemies upon the fats of ?edyt; con&eyed him into the %ar>>>>>>>>>>, :hen he resumed his seat; oosed the
#not in the midst of his attendants, among his courtiers;
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Bust the Gree# 8acts, /a5am
WhoC Gree#s D Athenians D
the Polis; * 14,000 in
attendence
WhenC th century ")E 47+ ='' ")E Fpus a ate pay %y
/enander in 1
WhatC )omedy and Tragedy,
a :ere musicas
WhereC Theatre of ionysusI
How and WhyC This gets a
itte tric#ier
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)omponent 2arts of a Gree#
Theatre TheatronC $eeing
2ace
OrchestraC ancing2ace
$#eneC "ac# :a ofthe theatre
EccycemaC @heeedcart
/echaneC )rane forfying in gods
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/as#s and )ostumes
@oud indicateC Gender
Ethnicity
$ocia )ass A characters :ere
mas#ed
)on&entions for :hat
specific coors meant ?o mas#s ha&e
sur&i&ed, %ut imagesha&e;
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The )horus
1I men 2aid for %y the
CHOREGU
!ehearsedJTrained forup to 11 months
$inging and ancingcrucia = mosty inunison, sometimes spitin t:o groups
Accompanied %y a futepayer
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The Actors
Gree# term :asHYPOKRIT?S. Literay
means .The Ans:erer
"y Oe!i"#s Re$youcoud ha&e spea#ing
actors :ho dou%ed up
on roes A men
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@hy3
)ontest for :riters and actors TragedyC pay:rights, 4 pays each F tragedies
and a $atyr pay
)omedyC pay:rights, indi&idua pays !eigious o%ser&ance to the god ionysus
)onsidered an integra part of the ife of thePolis;
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"efore you got to the
theatre
2rocession of the statue
of ionysus
The .2roagon, :herethe pay:right and actors
:ere presented to the
pu%ic
The .2ompe, aprocession of sacred
o%Kects
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2re=$ho:
The .10 Generaspoured a i%ationFi
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)an :e pease ta# a%out
some actua theatre3 /aKor sur&i&ing
tragic pay:rights
1 maKor sur&i&ing
comic pay:right
1 minor sur&i&ing
comic pay:right
Lots of fragments
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Thespis Fand others
$emi=egendary
@rote for one actor and a chorus
?one of his :or# has sur&i&ed
His name is :here :e get the term.Thespian to descri%e an actor
A fe: others
)horeiusC Adds /as#s
2ratinusC $atry pay
2hrynichusC 8emae characters
3
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The Three Tragedians
Aeschyus /ost conser&ati&e in
form and structure
$ophoces Added the third actor
Euripides /ost i%era in form
and structure
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AeschyusC + = 4 ")E
ntroduced the second actor,hence diaogue, hence atheatre in the @est
$o popuar that after his death,
his pays continued to %esu%sidied %y the state
@rote 70M pays, :e ha&e 7 Persians6ony sur&i&ing tragedy
%ased on .current e&ents,
Oresteia &$'(, e)en *gainst+he%es, +he #""liants