PACIFIC CITIZENVOL.29;NO.27 SALTLAKECITY.UTAH SATURDAY,DECEMBER31,1949 Price:Tencenta

FirstEvacueePaidUnderClaimsLaw

Tok uj i Tok i masa,61,LosAngelesrealtor,i ssh ownreceivi ngth efirstch eck paidoutbyth egovernmentunderth eEvacuationClaimsActof1948 wh i ch providescompensationto wartimeevacueesofJapaneseancestryforaccountablebusinessandpropertylosseswh i ch wereadirectresultofmassevacuation.Wi lli am H.Jacobs,acting h eadofth eLosAngelesfieldofficeofth eDepartmentofJustice'sevacueeclaimssec-

ti on,i ssh owngivi ngTok i masath ech eck for$303.36atabriefceremonyonDec.16.Onh andforth eceremonywere(lefttorigh t)

Joh nOssea,Jr.,governmentattorneywh o h andl-th ecase;TatsKush i da,JACLregionaldirector;SamIsh i k awa,pastJACLregionaldirector;Dr.RoyNish i k awa,ch ai rmanofth ePacifi cSouth -westJACLdistri ctcouncil,and Willi am W.Palmer,governmentattorney.—Ph otocourtesyofToyoMiyatak eStudio,LosAngeles.

TatsumisSailForU.S.onPresidentLinerYOKOHAMA,Japan—AJapa-nese American,familywh i ch h asfi gured i nadvertantlyi nth ecoldwarleftonDec.22forth eUni tedStatesaboardth ePresidentWil-son.Sh i ro Tatsumi,wh o was amech ani conth estaffofAmericanConsul-General Angus Ward i nMuk den,Manch uri a,lefth erewithh i sfamilyaboardth esh i pwh i ch i salsocarryingth eWardsandoth ermembersofth econsularstafffromMuk denh ometoth eUni tedStates.Tatsumi wasarrestedalongwithConsulGeneralWard andth reeoth ermembersofth e consulatestaff for allegedlybeating aCh i neseemploye.ConsulGeneralWard,i nan i nterviewaboardth eLak elandVictoryrecently,deniedth ath e,Tatsumi oranyoth ermem-berofth estaffh adbeatenth eemploye.ConsulGeneralWardTatsumiandth eoth erstaffmemberswerefoundguiltybyaMuk dencourtofth ebeatingch argeandweresen-tencedtoprisontermsandordereddeported.Th e50-yearoldTatsumi,afor-merresidentofSacramento,Calif.,i saccompaniedby h i swifeandth ei rdaugh ter,Mrs.Ai k oCh en,aswellasMrs.Ch en'stwoch i ldren.Ak i k o,10,andGeorge3.

Dr.Minami WinsPosti nMasonsWASHINGTON,D.C — Dr.HenryK.Minami ,oneofth ecoun-try'smostactiveNisei Masonsh asbeen elected'JuniorSteward ofHarmonyLodgeNo.17,FAAM.Normalprogressi naMasonictodyi s_foranypersonelectedtoth eJuniorStewardsh i ptoadvanceduringth enextsevenyearstosuc-ceedingi yh i gh eroffices,finallybe-comingWorsh i pfulMasterofth elodge.IfDr.Minami ,adentistwith th e Di stri ctofColumbiasch ooldepartment,followsth i susualpattern,h ewillbecometh enrstNisei i nth enationto h oldatoplodgeoffice.RecentlyDr.Minami becameaMememberofHarmonyLodge,ColumbiaCh apterNo.1;Brigh t-wood Commandery No.6, andAlmasTempleofth eNobleSh ri ne.

Ch i cagoJACLPreparesforNationalConventionYear

ByCHIZUIIYAMA

CommitteesAlreadyFunctioni ngforJACLBienni alMeet

CHICAGO—Th elocalJACLisreadyforitsconventionyear.Alth ough th eywerebusywi thh oli dayactivi ti es,membersofth eCh i cagoJACLwerealsobusycom-pletingprelimi naryarrangementsforth eeleventh bienni alnationalconventionofth eJACLwh i ch willbeh eld i n(Ch i cagofrom Sept.28toOct.2.Convention i nteresth as beenh ei gh tenedby th e selection ofch ai rmenfor30conventioncom-mittees,aswellasch ai rmenforeigh tmaj orcommitteesconcernedwith overallplanningforth eeventwh i ch i sexpectedtoattractup-wardsof1,000from allpartsofth eUnitedStates.Dr.Randolph Sak ada,conven-tionch ai rman,disclosedth atplan-ni ngforth enationalmeetingh asbeencarriedonforth epasttwelvemonth s."Webelieveth eeventi sofna-tional'i mportancetoallJapaneseAmericans,"Dr.Sak adadeclared."Ourth eme— BlueprintforTo-morrow—h i gh li gh tsth ework ofth econventionwh i ch willdeter-mi neth e k i ndofprogram wh i chth e JACLwillcarryoutinth nyearstocomeandh owwegoaboutmeetingth eproblemswh i ch faceus."Alth ough offici aldelegatestoth e

conventionwillbe i mmersed i nseriousdiscussions,anelaborateprogram h asbeenpreparedwh i chwillassure th atth eyandth ei rfamili esandboosterdelegateswillh avea"wonderfultime."OneCh i cagoJACLmemberex-

pressedaprevalentopini onwh enh esai d:"We li k e conventions becausei t's fun to meetallouroldfriendsandtomak enew ones.Sinceevacuationwe'vebeentravel-i ngaroundsomuch th atwearebound to bump i nto friendswh ereverwego."Ch i cago,afocalpointforJapa-neseAmericanresettlement,willundoubtedlyattractmanyof i tsformerresidentstoth eJACLcon-vention,aswellaspersonswh oh avenevervisi tedth eWindyCity.

HotelStevens,th eworld'slargesth otel,willbeth elocaleofmostofth eactivi ti es.Situatedbyth ewatersofLak eMich i ganth i sfab-uloush otelwillprovideagorgeoussettingforth econventionball,andth ecoronationofabeautifulJACLQueen. Th equeencontesth asal-readybegunwith variousdi stri ctsselectingth ei rcomelyrepresenta-tivestoth enationalconventiontoviewith gi rlsfrom oth erareasforth etitleof"Miss(orMrs.)JACL."A uniquefeatureofth econ-

ventionwillbeth ei ntroductionofa"babysitti ngservice"forth econvenienceofmoth erswh owishto attendvariousfunctions. Ith aslongbeenlamentedbyJACLmembersth atwivesofdelegatesh adtoremain h omei fth eyh adfamilyobligati onsandth atwomenwereth usli mi ted i nmak i ngcon-ference decisi onsso th i s i sonemeth odofencouragingth epar-tici pati onoffemini neJACLers.Forth osei nterestedi nth earts,

anartandph otoexh i bi tandcon-testwillundoubtedlybeasalientpointofth econvention. Underth edi rectionofMasNak agawa,th i scontestwi llprovideameth odofstimulating and recognizi ngtalentamong Nisei artistsandph otograph ers.Th ecommittee i swork i ngonrulesandprizesforreleasei nth enearfuture.Sportenth usi astswillfindampleopportunitytopartici patei nth egolf,bowling,andtennistourna-mentsandbridgefanswillagainpi tth ei rbrainsagainstsomeofth efi nestNisei playersi nth eland.Atalentsh owcommittee,h ead-

edbyArtHayash i ,promisesfineentertainmentand th erewillbemi xerstoencourageth edelegatestomeeteach oth eronan i nformalbasis.Th eseandmanymoreevents-such asanationallyk nownspeak -erto address th egath eri ng,atestimoni aldinnertoourfriendsi nCongressandelsewh ere,sigh t-seeingaround town,andmanyoth ereventswi llbe i nstoreforconvention-goers i n 1950. Sh i gWak amatsu,presidentofth eCh i -cagoch apterofth eJACLh asputoutth ewelcomemattoallJACLmembers,andguaranteesani nter-estingandmemorabletime.

WalterResolutionWillBePrimaryObjecti veofADC'sLegislativeDrivei n1950

WASHINGTON,D.C—Th eWalterResolution,openingth ewaytonaturalizati onforJapaneseandoth erresidentaliensnow"ineli gi bletociti zensh i p,"standsfi rstonth e1950agendaofth eJACLAnti-Di acri mi nati on Committee.Mi k eM.Masaok a,followingh i sreturntoWash i ngtonafter

meetingwith JACLdistri ctcouncilgroups i nth ewest,saidth atlegislationtograntlong-delayednaturaliati onprivi legestoth eIssei willbeth emajorlegislativeobjecti veofJACLADC.He i ndi catedth atth e WalterResolution,wh i ch waspassedbyth e h ouseonJune6,1949,i sonth eSenatecalendarandwillbecalledupforconsiderationearlyi nth enewsession. Itwasre-portedoutunanimouslyby th eSenateconsentcalendaruponth eobjecti onofSen.Ri ch ardB.Rus-sell,D.,Ga.Asupplementarylegislativepro-gramwassuggestedth i sweek byMr.Masaok ai fth eWalterResolu-ti oni spassedbyth eSenate.JACLADCsupportforth efol-lowinglegislationh asbeen sug-gested,Mr.Masaok adeclared:Th ewaiverofeducationalandoth errequirementsandallex-aminati onsforth enaturalizati onofallparentsofh onorablydis-ch argedveterans.(ManyIsseimaynotbeabletopassth epres-entexaminati onsfornatural-i zati oneveni fth eWalterReso-lutionpasses.)Th ewai verofeducationalre-quirementsandexaminati onsforth enaturalizati onofallresidentalienswh oh averesided i nth e'UnitedStatesfor25 ormoreconsecutiveyearsandh aveat-tainedth eageof60ormoreyears.Th egrantingofpermanent

residentstatustoallalienswh oenteredth eUnitedStatesi llegal-lypriorto 1924.(Itwasex-plainedth ereareseveralth ou-sandJapanesealiensh ereandi nHawai i wh oenteredth eUnitedStatesi llegallybefore1924orwh oh avelostdocumentaryevi-denceoflawfulentry. Th esealiensarenotdeportablebutare

notpermanentresidentsandwillnotbeeligi blefornaturalizati onunderth eWalterResolution.)Legislationforequalityi nnat-uralizati onand i mmi gration.Repealofallremaini ngracialexclusionrestricti onsi nFederali mmi grationlaws.Th esoldierbridesbi lltoper-mitth e entryofracially i n-eligi ble spouses, ch i ldren andstepch i ldrenofAmericanveter-ansandservicemen.Revisi onofstayofdeporta-tionproceedings,providi ngth atth eAttorneyGeneralbe per-mi ttedtocanceldeportationpro-ceedingswith th econcurrentap-provalofboth Houses.Amendmentofth e presentEvacuationClaimsLawtolib-eralizei tsprovisi ons.Legislationforgrantingstate-

h oodstatustoHawai i .Legislationprovidi ngcompen-sationfori nj uri essustainedbyresidentsofHawai i duringth eJapaneseattack i nDec7,1941.Providi ng compensation for

citi zen,and possiblealien i n-terneesi nHawai i wh osufferedpropertydamage.Passageofafairemployment

practicesbill.Passageofanti-polltaxandanti-lynch i ngbills.Legislationtoprovidegreaterpowertoth eDepartmentofJus-ti cei nprotectingth ecivi lrigh tsofAmericanciti zens.Mr.Masaok aalsoi ndi catedth atJACLADCwillopposerestricti velegislationaffectingracialandre-ligi ousminori ti es. ,

LettersWillSufficeIfClaimsFormsUnavailable,SaysAgencyWASHINGTON,D.C.—Th eDe-partmentofJusticeannouncedlastweek th atevacueesfili ngforper-sonalandpropertylossescausedbyth eWestCoastevacuation maysubmitclaimslettersdirectlyto:h eAttorneyGenerali fth eyareunabletosecure propergovern-mentalforms.Th eseletters,asmustallevacua-tionclaims,mustmeetth edead-li neofJanuary2,alth ough be-causeth atdayi salegalh oli day,claimants actually h aveth roughJanuary3,1950,tofileth ei rclaims,H.G.Morison,assistantattorneygeneral,said.Th elettersmustbesubmitteddirectlyto:Th eAttorneyGeneral,DepartmentofJustice,Wash i ng-ton25,D.C.,andincludeth efol-lowingi nformation:1.Residenceofclaimantattimeofevacuation2.Approximatedateofevacuation;3.Areportoflossordamagesuffered,and4.Amountforwh i ch clai m i smade.Mi k eMasaok a,nationalJACLAnti -Discri mi nati on Committeelegislativedirector,saidth eletterswillbeconsidered"onlyasi nformalnoticesofclaims,andwillbeallow-ed solelytopreventh ardsh i p i fanevacuee i sunabletoobtainaform.""Additi onalformswillbepre-

pared," h e emph asi zed,"and aclaimantstillmustfileh i sclaimonth eoffici alformwith i nareason-abletimeafterh esubmitsaletter.Healsopointedoutth atsinceth eAttorneyGeneralh asruledJanuary2alegalh oli day i nth i smatter,th edeadlineforclaimantsh asbeenextendeduntilmidni gh t,January3. ,,Allclaimsmustbereceivedby

th eDepartmentofJusticeonorbeforeJanuary3. Letterspost-mark edJanuary3willnotbeac-ceptablei fth eyreach th eAttorneyGeneralafterth atdate Claims

mustbei nth eh andsofth eAttor-neyGeneral'sofficeonth eth i rddayofJanuary,1950,accordingtoth eAttorneyGeneral'soffice.Meantime,Mr.Masaok asai dth edepartmenth asannouncedth atanoticetoth eeffectth atclaimantswh oareunabletosecureth eproperclaimsformsmayfileani ntentionofclaim i npersonallettersto i h eAttorneyGeneralwillbepostedi npostofficesth rough outth eUnitedStates.

JapaneseArmyVeteranSeek sU.S.Citi zensh i pSAN FRANCISCO—A Califor-

nia-bornJapanesewh oservedwithth eJapanesearmyduringth ewarfiledsui ti nU.S.distri ctcourtonDec. 16 forrestorationofh i sUni tedStatesciti zensh i p.Sh i genori Mori zumi namedSec-retaryofStateDeanAch esonasdefendant.Morizumi ,representedbyAttorneysA.L.Wiri nandFredOk rand, i snowemployedbyth eU.S.occupationforces i nJapan.Fcwasborn i nSanFrancisco i nl'.rl?, and h i ssui tstates th ath ewenttoJapani n 1932"toresideth eretemporarily."Hewasstilli nJapan i nJan.,1941,andwasi nductedi ntoth eJa-panesearmyatth atti me.Hi sser-vicewith th earmy,th esui tcon-tends,wasth e"resultofcoercion."Morizumi appliedto th e U.S.

consulatYok oh amaforanAmeri-canpassportafterth ewarbutth i swasrefused.Th econsulalsorefusedtoreg-i sterh i masaU.S.citi zen,onth egroundh elosth i sciti zensh i pbe-causeofservice i nth eJapanesearmy.

Nisei Pi oneeraNewIndustryCh i ck SexingIsBigBusiness:

ANEW INDUSTRY—sonewth ateventh ementionofitsnameoutside i tsusualenvironsbringsasligh tsenseofsh ockandth elifti ngofeyebrows—isth ebusinessofch i ck sexing.Th enamelendsi tselftomildandcornyribaldry,butalmost

th eentirepoultryindustryisdependentupon i ttoday.Toth eaverageciti zenafluffyday-oldch i ck i s j ustacute

littlebirdth atappearsi npetstorewindows j ustbeforeEaster.Hetak es h omeacoupleforh i sk i ds,wh oexclaim h appi lyoverth em untilth ech i ck sreach th ati __ _^_________moulting,revolting state,wh enth eyarebanish edfrom h omeandgarden.Allofth i si sprobablyalittlesillytoth epoultryman,towh omababych i ck ofth erigh t(female)sexmeans th emortgageonth efarm,money i nth ebank andablack figure i nh i sannualincome.Hek nowsth atth eEasterbabych i ck saremalesandth at,were i tnotforth eh appyadventofEaster,th eymi gh th avebeen destroyed.Untilth eearlyth i rti es,andfor

manypoultrymenforagoodmanyyearsafterwardsth ebusinessofraisi ngbabych i ck swasan ex-pensiveaffair.Th ech i ck givesnoi ndi cati on—to th e averageeye—wh eth eri twi llgrowi ntoaplump,egg-layingh enoranalmostworth -lesscock .So,untilch i ck ,sexing came

along,farmersfedandh ousedandraisedallth ei rch i ck sunti lth eywereoldenough tobeseparated.Now afarmercalls i nach i cksexer.Usingonlyh i s h ands,h i seyesandagoodli gh t,h eseparatesth epulletsfrom th ecock erels. Th eaveragesexerwillgoth rough 600to800ch i ck sanh our,andareallygoodmanwilldoash i gh as1200ormore.Trainedsexersh aveanaverageofatleast95% accuracy.Traini ngofmanymonth si sre-quiredto turnoutacompetentsexer,andth reeyears,i ti sesti-mated i srequiredforask i lledman.Sexofth ech i ck i sdeterminedbych aracteristi csand1colorofth events,th ewingsandlegs. Th emain ch aracteristi cofcock erels(th emales)isusuallyalumpi nth events,wh i ch pulletsdonoth ave. Wh i leallth i smaysoundsimpleenough ,agoodsexerneedstraini ngandexperiencetoreachanydegreeofprofici ency.Care-lessh andli ngofth edelicatech i ck scancausedeath orseriousi nj urytoth ech i ck ,andi naccuracy i nde-termini ngth ech i ck 'ssexi swaste-

Now,with th eadventofch i cksexing,th epoultrymancansaveh i spulletsanddestroyoroth er-wisedi scardth ecock erels. Th efarmers saveon feed, h ousi ngspaceandlaborth atwould h avegonei ntoth eraisi ngofth ecock -erels.Th efarmeri sassuredth enecessarynumberofpulletsde-sired,h i sequipmentforch i ck s i scutinh alf,overcrowdingi savoid-edandpoultrymencancountonlesscannibali sm,arath eruntidyh abi tamongch i ck ens.Th e i ndustryofsexingi nth eUni tedStatesi sonlyaboutfifteenyearsold. Mostofi th asbeendevelopedbyth eNi sei .Iti soneofth efewindustriesi nwh i ch th eNi sei h avebeenalmostcomplete-lydominant.Itwasi ntroducedi ntoth eUni ted

StatesbyagroupofmenfromJapanwh erei tori gi nated,i nth eearly19305. Th eseexpertswerebrough tovertodemonstrateth esci enceandtoteach i ttoh atch ery-menwh owerei nterested.Li k eoth ernew i deas,i twasah ard onetoselltomen i nth epoultryindustry. Reportsofal-most100%accuracyi ndetermini ngth esexofinfantch i ck sseemedtoogoodtobetrue,andsk epti ci smmetpioneersexersi nth efield.Butth estrongresistanceth atmetth efirsteffortsofsexerstosellth ei rser-vices soon gaveway. Farmerswereamongth efirsttodemandth atth ech i ck sth eybough tbesex-determined.Hatch erymencamei nline,andtodayth epracticei snotonlyacceptedbutalmostexpectedi nth epoultryindustryi nmanypartsofth ecountry.Nisei ch i ck sexingcompanies,aspioneersi nth efield,h aveflourish -edsinceth ei rearlybeginni ngsonlyafewyearsago.Indeed,th e i n-dustryi ssoyoungth atth ecom-paniesdonotth emselvesagreeupon th espellingofth eword"sexer,"wh i ch i salso commonlyspelled"sexor."Nisei companiesi ncludeth eIn-ternationalCh i ck SexingAssocia-ti oni nMari k atoMinn.;th eAmer-i canCh i ck Sexi ngAssociati on i nLansdale,Pa.th eNationalCh i ckSexi ngAssociati on i nCh i cagoandth eNewtonCh i ck Sexi ngCo.i nlowa.Th erearealsoth eUni tedCh i ck

Sexi n<?Associati oni nAmes,Iowa;th eMasterSexersAssociati on i nKeok uk ,Iowa;andth eWisconsinStateCh i ck SexingSch ooli nSunPrairi e,Wisconsin.Meanwh i leagrowingCalifornia

concern i sth eNorth ernCaliforniaCh i ck andPoultrySexingServicewith offices i nTurlock andPaloAlto.Th eNationalCh i ck SexingAs-sociati onwasfounded i n1943 i nth estateoflowabyGeorgeSu-gano,wh otrainedh i sbroth ersandoth ermembersofh i si mmedi atefamily.Th esepersonsformedth enucleusaroundwh i ch th ecompanywasorganized.Itbranch edoutquick lyth rough -outth emidwestareaandtodayconductsasch oolwh i ch i srecog-ni zedbyth eVeterans'admini stra-tion,fortraini ngofformerGls.S.Joh nNittawasamongth e

pioneersi nth ech i ck sexingbusi-ness. Hestudiedch i ck sexingi nNagoya,Japan,wh ereth esciencei sbeli evedtoh aveorigi nated.Hereturned i n 1936toth eUni tedStatestoestablish asch oolforsexers.Heformedth eAmericanCh i ckSexingAssociati on,believedtobeth elargestorganizati onofitsk i ndi n America. Th e associati onseries h atch eri esi n41ofth e48

statesaswellash atch eri esi nLatinAmericaandEurope.Th esch oolwasorigi nallystart-

ed i nCaliforniai n1937asoneofth efi rsttobeestablish ed i nth eUni tedStatesand h as,since i tsi nception,trainedmoreth an300menandwomen.Th eearlysk ep-tici sm-metbyNittaandh i sasso-ciatesh as si ncebeendissi pated,andth esch oolandth eassociati onh aveprospered. Th e associati onh as i ts office i nLansdale,Pa.,wh ereanewbrick offi ceandsch oolbuilci ngh ave j ustbeencompleted.Th eNewtonCh i ck Sexi ngCom-pany,managedbyKonnie Yosh i -naga,h asbeenservingcentrallowaforth epastfifteenyears. Li k eth eoth ercompanies,i th adtoover-comea good dealofprejudi ceagainstth e i ntroductionofch i cksexing.Th i sseasonth ecompanyexpectstosexth reeanda h alfmilli onch i ck sforlowafarmers.Anoth erofth epioneercom-

paniesi nth efi eldi sth eInterna-tionalCh i ck SexingAssociati on,wh i ch wasestablish ed i n1933 i nFresno.With th e evacuationofJapa-

neseAmericansfromth ecoasti n1942,i th adtopack upandmove.Itnow operatesfrom Mank ato,Minn.Reorganizati onofth ecom-panyafterth ewarbeganandth eevacuationuprootedth eNi sei wasth eusualdi ffi cultstory.Th ecom-panyestablish edasch ooli nMin-neapolisi n1944,andaneigh bor-h oodcontroversydeveloped.Pro-testsongroundsth esch oolvio-latedh ealth regulationsweremadetoth ecitycouncil.Butth eNiseioperatorswonth eh elpofreligi ous,civi candlabororganizati ons.Anumberofcitygroupsformedaciti zens'committee to h elpth eNi sei . Th eypointedoutth atth eprotestswere based onracial,rath erth anh ealth reasons.Allth ati snowpasth i story,li k e

somanyofth ei nci dentsth atroseuptoplagueth eNi sei relocatingi nth ewar.Th eInternationali snow partofth ecommunity i nwh i ch i ti slocated.Th eMank atoCh i ck sballteam i srecognizedasoneofth ebestamateurteamsi nth estate.Oth ercompanies,too,tak eparti nth eci vi candpubliclifeofth ecommuniti es i n wh i ch th eyareestablish ed.With i nth epastfifteen yearsth escienceofch i ck sexing h asenabledanumberofNisei tode-velopanew i ndustryi nth eUnitedStates,an i ndustrywh i ch i sstillgrowingandwh oseli mi tsareyettobetouch ed.

Righ t:Agoodeye,agentletouch arenecessaryrequiremMitiforth etrainedsezer.Herestudentslearnth ctradeatth eNa!tionalCh i ck SexingAssociati on i nCh i cago.Left:Nisei cobpanicssponsorcivi candsocialaffairsforth ei rtrainees.Herstudentsandfriendsfrom Ph i ladelph i aandoth ernear-byciti esattendadance h eldbyth eAmericanCh i ck SexingAgsoditi n,i nLansdale,Pa.

GroupGivesFoodToNeedyPersonsLOS ANGELES-A h appi erh oli dayseasonwasprovidedforapproximately 300 i ndi gentper-sonsofJapaneseancestryi nLosAngelesCountyth rough th eef-fortsofth elocalCh ri sti nasCh eerCommittee,composedoflocalJa-panese American community or-ganizati ons.

~Foodandpresentsweregiventneneedypersons.

HISNAMEWAS NICKYByT.TAKESHIOYE

AStoryofth e442nd:

Wewantednoglory,wewantednofame. Ourdeepestlonging,h i ddenandunexpressed,wasforth equick endofth ebi tterj obandareturntoamorenormalexistence.We h ad beenfusedbylongmonth softraini ngandbycommonexperience i ntoan i ndi sti ngui sh -ablewh ole—th e442ndRegimentalCombatTeam.Th elabeltoldnoth i ngofth ei n-divi dualsth atcomprisedth i sfigh t-i ngunit.Itwasonlybylivi ngi nth e i nti macyofth efoxh olesth atonelearnedofth esemen,under-stoodwh atwasbeh i ndth emask ofanonymity,andcametok nowth atth efigh ti ngmach i ne h adah eart,afeelingh eartth atlaugh ed,lovedandcried. Itwasa h eartth atsangmanydifferenttunes andmanydifferentlyrics;i twasah eartth ath adawide-rangingscale—frombi ttercynici smtosaint-li k efaith ; i twasah eartth ath adseenandfeltmanyth i ngs.Inth efox-h oleIh eard'i tssongand i nth efoxh oleIsaw i tstears.Th eycamefrom allpartofth econtinentalUnitedStates.Hawai i ,Alask a—farmers,doctors,lawyers,sch oolteach ers.. Inth efoxh oleswecametok noweach oth er,learn-edth esamesongsandexperiencedth esame h eavi nessofh eart.Th ereweremedalsforsome,butforth emostth erewasnone—justth esilenttearsofalovedonewh ofeltgriefatth eparting.Inth i stangled,fierce drama we eachdonnedourmask andplayedourbit.Inth i satmosph ereoftough -nessweassumedapropermienandplayedourrolewith exaggeratedfervor.Weburiedourtrueselvesandpretendedatbeingash ardasth egame i n wh i ch we partici -pated.Itwash ereth atImetNick y.He

wasveryyoungbuth i sk nowledgeofth ewaysofth eworldsome-timesrevealed astartling pre-cocity.Heconfusedviri li tywithmanlinessbutwh ateverh i sfai l-i ngsNi ck ywasnocoward.Inth i scrowdofmen h e h adearnedth erigh ttoberegardedasaman.Heh adalreadywonmanymedals,i n-cludingaSi h rerStar.Th ech allengeofbattleseemedtocauseatransformationi nNi ck y.Hisblack eyeswoulddanceandh i sfacewoulcrack i ntoatensesmile. Ash i s*bulletsfoundth ei rmark ,h ewouldmak eanaudibletally.Hisfigh tatth esemomentsseemedaverypersonaloneandh eexecutedh i s j obwith fearlessef-fi ci ency. Th eyoungboy,th rusti ntoaworldofdemons,wasdoingaman's j ob.Butth erewereoth erti meswh enh i syouth fulnesswouldbetrayh i mandh ewouldappearsuddenlyanawk ward adolescent. He h addonnedtooquick lyth egarmentsofmaturity.Hewould th enfi nd i tnecessaryforh i mselftoproveh i smanh oodbeforeh i scomrades.He

measured h i sviri li ty i nternsofquantityofexpressionandth eboudoirwash i sprovingground.Love? Nick ywouldlaugh atth eword.Foranoldermanperh aps,

h ewouldsay,butforh i mlovewasath i ngofth emoment,animalandfleeting.Butontwo occasionswedis-coveredth atNick yh adah eart,th ath i sseemingi ndi fferencewasash am.Wesaw i toncewh enh i smongreldogth ath e h adraisedduringourstayonth estaticfrontsalongth eRivi eradied. Nick yspok elittleofth attimebutnh adseen h i m tak eth ecarefallywrappedbodyi ntoth ewoods,Wek newforcertainth enth atNick y1!seeming i ndi fference to h umanemotionswasamasquerade.Th enonce againtowardth ecloseofh osti li ti eswith Germany,wesawh i mlayasideh i smask andexpressh i strueself.Th atwasth etinh i sfriendBillywask i lled i nac-tion. Wh enwereturnedtoth erest area, Nick y, wh o veiyseldom wrote evento h i sownfamily,painfullycomposedath reepagelettertoBilly'smoth erandenclosed amoneyorderforaspiri tualbouquet."IoweBillyth atmuch atleast,

wash i sonlyremark .Onth eseoccasionsNick yprovedtousth ath ewasnotastough sih epretendedtobe,th ath eh adih eart,th atallofus h adah eart.Hesh owedus,wh ateverourpre-tensesth ati nth edepth sofonrsoulswewereessentiallymenandpossessedofth equaliti esofmaWewereplayingadevil'sgambutth edevilcouldnotremoveWfrom h i splace.Each ofwWNick yi nonewayoranoth er.«<each woreamask ,weeach play*lapart,asSh ak espeareonce*andli k eNick ywerenderedowni nterpretations.Youth ful*wasNick y'sh andi cap;wead*faili ngs,too,ofvariousk um»li k eNick ywediscoveredi nth ea»th atourh umanqualiti esand

»«h umanflawscouldn"4,101h i dden.Wesough ttomak e»*ach aracterdifferentfrorr.us

W

i nth eendwediscoveredth ateatfofuswereNick ysplayingaP

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asbestwek new. .So i twasth atwelaugh ed,togliveandfough t;menofaIIw»Cath oli cs Protestanto,Budd»andofvaryingph i osoph es,essentiallymenplayingth e««gameofwar.

Idah oFallsJACLPlansCarnivalDanceIDAHOFALLSW^:JACLch apterwillh oldacarwdanceonJan.7.,JoeNish i ak a i sgPf*%gt

man.Oth ermembersofth ecommitteeareSamSW^Morish i ta,Fred Och L w

Yamasak i andSam*«£■£««,ACh ri sti nasdancew«

B

Dec.23atth eJACLh all.

Saturday,Decent,.3lPACIFICCITIZEN2

WarBridesandIntermarriage

By JOSEPHKITAGAWA

CosmopolitanCh i cagoEasesTensionsforInterracialCouples

PORALONGtimewe h averegardedpersonsofJapanesed*1 scentaspotentialproblems.Alth ough i ti sunderstandableconsideri ngth esocial,politi calandeconomicsituationswefoundourselves i nduringth ewar,i ti s,neverth eless,undesirableforustocontinueth i swayofth i nk i ng.Tobesure,th ereisadark ersidetoeveryth i ng,butletustrytoseeboth sidesallth eti me.Asonewh o h asbeencounselingagreatmanyyoung peo-

ple,manyofwh om h avebeenmarriedandmanyofwh om areconsideri nggettingmarried,Ih ave tri edtoavoidth i s"problempsych ology m dealingwith th em.Myrough estimate i sth atth erearemorecasesofi ntermarriagesofNisei h ere i nCh i cagoth ani nanyoth erarea i nth ecountry,with th eprobableexceptionofHawai iAndyet,nottoomanypeopleraiseeyebrowsnowadays.Each weekwe h earorreadofMissSo andSomarryingapersonwith aScotch -Iri sh orScandinavi anname,oraNisei fellowmarrying,too.

Ofcourse,th ereareamusingandamazingcases,tooButusuallypeoplearoundth esecouplesseemtomak emorefuss'th anth eyoungpeopleth eselves. .OnTda£ftladjfWa?°NTn

Tth eph one;sh ewasaosti ntears.Her

lOrl\tn m* It

m aPan> Immed'atelyth eseencofMadameButterflycame toth e moth er'smind.Sh e i sawidowand h erh usband h adnotleftmuch moneybeh i nd."Wecan'taffordto h avealovelydainty,doll-li k eMadameButterfly i n th eh ouse!Weh avenomaidorbutler.Wearework i ngpeople.Wecan'tsitaroundth eh ousesippi ngteaallth eti me!"sosh esaid.Oh ,yes,accordingto'th emoth erth i sLi eutenantPink erton(wh oi nci dentally,was aprivatefirstclass)refused toreturnto th eStatesunlessMoth erOK'd th ei rmarriage.Th erewas noth i ng 1coulddo,andyetth elastth i ngIcouldth i nk ofdoingwastocutth econversationoffabruptly.Isimplycommentedth atnotallth egirlsm Japanarenecessarilyli k eMadameButterfly;i nfactsomeofth emarerath eronth etough erside.Ialsotriedtoconvinceth i sladyth ath ersonmustbeoldenough tok nowwh ath ewasdoingIt'th emoth erwasnotconvinced,Iwaswilli ngtowritetoaCh aplainfriendofminewh ocouldlook i nto th ematterandcounselth em

th ere.Well,th emoth erwasnotsurewh ath adtobedone.Istronglysuggestedth atsh egivesometh ough tonth ematterand h ungup.Aweek laterth i sladysh owedupi nperson.Itriedto i mpressh erwith th efactth atIwasexpectedtogivealunch eontalk down-town,butsh esuggestedth atsh ecoulddrivemeth erei ntimeforth elunch eon.Sowesatdownandtalk ed.Inth ecourseofourconver-sation,wemarriedth em and separatedth em numerous times.Istuck tomyth eoryth atpeoplearepeoplewh ereveryougo.Nation-aliti esdonotmak esuch adifference.Weeven h adtogoth rough

aridi culousexperienceofcomparingh owdiaperswerech angedi nth eOri entand i nth eWest.Atanyrate,Ijumpedth ath urdleallrigh t.Butth atwasnotth eendofth estory.Sh ortlyafterwardcameth e GIsonwh oflew i n.Th erewasacomplicati onon th eoth er

si deofth eocean. Evidentally,th eyoungladywas i nformedandmisi nformedaboutli fe i n America by h erfriends.Hermoth er'sdistantcousin h adafriendwh ooncewasasailorand h adseenSanFranciscoforacoupleofdays.Itmusth avebeenabout40yearsago.Neverth elessh eclai medtobeth eauth ori tyonlife i nAmericai nh i svillage.Headvised h i srelativesandfriendsth atAmericawasnoplacetolivepermanently.Th i sdi sturbedth eyounglady'smoth eragreatdeal.Herdad,wh o h adbeennon-commitalaboutth ewh oleaffair

uptoth attime,suddenlyfelti nsecurewith th eth ough tth ath i sdaugh ter,i fsh eleftforAmerica,migh tnotreturntoh i m atall.Th eyvisi tedseveralsh ri nesandtriedfortunes.Onefortunesaid"Greatluck ,"th enextonesaid"Becautiousaboutyourdecisi on."Soth eparentstriedseveralmorefortunesatvariousfamoussh ri nes.(Itsoundsli k eagame.Sinceth eytryi tuntilth eyaresatisfi edorth eygetexh austed,fortune-tellingi sagoodbusiness.Th eyh avenoth i ngtolose).Atanyrate,th i sprocedureflabbergastedth eGIcompletely.In'th e meantimeh e h adtoreturntoth eStates,buth esti lli ntendstomarryth i sgirl.Ifth i sGIandth i syounglady i nJapansh ouldgetoverall

th e h urdlesandestablish a h appyh ome,maybelaterIwilltellth ei rch i ldren wh atweallh adtogoth rough beforeth ei rparents'marriage.Righ tnowIamstillwriti ngnumerousletters,explaini ngi nJapaneselanguagetoth egirlaboutth ecomplicati onsonth i sside,atth esametimeencouragingh ernottobedisturbedbyth eminordiffi culties,wh i letranslatingh erweepingletters into Eng-lish . Well,th i s i ssome experence.Butnotallth ecasesofwar-bridesaresocomplicated,Ik now

manyofth em;somemarriedtoJews,Cath oli c,Protestants,orevenBuddh i sts,i ncludingallk i ndsofnationaliti es;mostofwh om arequitewellsatisfi ed.Oh ,well,th eygripesometimes,butso doespracticallyeverybody.IevenmetaGIofJewish back ground,rearedi nth eCath oli cch urch ,married i nSh i ntori tes i nJanan.

Usuallyi ti squitea j obtofindsuitablefriendsforth esewar-brides.Somanyofth em complainth atth eyarelonely.Usuallyth eh usbandsdonotstay h omelongenough toteachth ei rwi ves English ,etc.Th osewh oli vewith th ei ri n-lawstendtoregard th em as

th ough th eywere i n-laws i nJapan.Ih avetriedtoconvinceth esegirlsth atmarriedcouplesareth euni tofth esocietyandth eyarequite i ndependent,sociallyandeconomically.InJapan,wives h avetopleaseth ei ri n-lawsmoreth an<th eypleaseth ei rh usbands,buth ereth ey h adbetterconcentrateonth ei rh usbands,etc...So i tgoes.Allinall,th eyaremak i ngawh olesomeadjustmentto th eWi ndyCity.Idon'tmeantofigh tforth eCh amberofCommerceof

Ch i cago,andIcertainlywillnotsayth i si sth ebestplacei nth eUnion,butth ecosmopolitanch aracterofth i scitymak esi teasierforwar-bridesand.i ntermarriedcouples.Unfortunately,westillh ave th eproblem psych ology.Some

Peopleth i nk i ti sstrangeth ati ntermarriageorwar-bridesdonotcreatemoretensions...Tobesure,i ti sh ardertomaintai nmentalsecuritywh enone h astok eeprapportwith moreth anonegroup.outenough peoplearesucceedingi ndoi ngth at.So-calledminori tygroupstendtodemandloyaltyfrom th osewh oareonth efringeofti h ei rgroups.Inreality,h owever,mixedcouplesandwar-bridesnavetomaintai nth ei rrelationsh i psandusefulness i n moreth anonegroup.Th atth eycanandaredoingso i nCh i cagoi sa h appydevelopmentofdemocraticli fe i naction.

LOOKSOUTHWARD,SANSEI

ByROKU SUGAHARA

Th eDeepSouth andth eSouth westOfferNewVistasforYoungJapaneseAmericans

rpHISISABOUTth reewordsofadvice."*■ Isay,"Look forward,Sansei..."Youcantak e i torleave i t.Ofcourse,oth erth ree-wordph rasesarealittle more fa-

mi li artoeveryone.Th erei s,"Iloveyou."Th oseare spine-tingli ng,th ri lli ngand wonderfulwords;

perh apsth egreatesti nth erosyreelofromance.Wh eth erweli k e i tornot,wesh allsomedayi -h avetosayth emorh opeto h earth em.Ith appensallth etime.Th enth ereareth oseth reecon-cisewordsofwisdomth atDamonRunyonusedtoutterto everymanseek i ngcounselonacareer:"Getth emoney."Migh tyi mportanti sth eneedtoobtainth ewh erewith altobuyblank etsforbaby,nyionsforth eli btlewoman,andbreadforth efamilytable.Iamaddingath i rdth ree-wordph rase,seeingth atromance andeconomicsaredispensedwith ,es-peciallyforth eyoungergenera-tion."Look south ward,Sansei..."Th at'smylittlecontributi onto th erisi nggenerationasIlook downfrosn mycloisteredi vy towers ofOlympianh ei gh tsth i sbrigh tandcrispmorningaswearereadyingtoush eri n 1950andanew h alfcentury.

** *Bynomeans i sth i sanorigi nali deabutIdid i nh eri ti tquitelegiti mately.Wh enth e20th centuryloomedlargeacrossth eh ori zonoftimeback i n 1900,someofth eth i nk -i ng community fath ers,leadersandcounselorswroteand spok esometh i ngalongth esesamelines.Ireferyoutoth eNewYearedi-tionsofth evenacularnewspapersoffi ftyyearsago.Th e trendofth eIssei popula-tionfrom 1900on,wasdefini telysouth ward.Forexample,ourfam-i lytrek k eddownfrom SeattletoLosAngelesi nsearch ofgreenerpastures and h appi er h unti nggrounds.Hundredsofoth erfam-i li es leftth ei rregionalreserva-tions i nPortland,Tacoma, SanFranciscoandoth erpointsnorthtoseek th ei rriceand"ok azu"i nSanDiego,ImperialValley,SanFernandoValley,and,ofcourse,i nLi 'lTok yo.Todayi n1950,Ith i nk th i sadvi ceh oldsgoodforth eSamseias i tdidforth eIssei i n1900.WeNisei weresortofleftout

of'th i sadvisoryoratoryandes-say-writi ng.Someh owaconven-i entcenturyorh alf-centurymarkdidnotpresenti tselfandth eIsseileftustosh i ftforourselves.MostofusdidstayputuntilUncleSamstartedtosch emeoutanewpatternoflifeforusaroundDecember,1941.

* * »Irealizeth atyoucan'tgomuchfurth ersouth i nCalifornia th anCh ulaVista,butIamnottalk i ngi n termsofCalifornia and th eWestCoast.My personalobservation,forwh ati ti sworth ,i sth atth ebigfutureofth ecominggenerationwillbe i nth esouth ernpartofth e Uni ted States.Texas,NewMexicoand Ari-

zona,forexample,arestatesi nwh i ch th erei sstillach allengingfrontier,new landstotill,vastacreagetodevelop,andplentyofroom to romp around with outsteppingontoomanytendertoes.California i n i tsmush rooming,

burdenedten milli onpopulation,h asaboutreach edapointofsatu-ration.Competiti onbecomesacute,pood j obsscarce,newbusinessesdiffi culttostart,opportuniti eslim-i tedwh i ch addupto afertileareafordiscri mi nati ve practices.Pricesoflandrentalsofacreage,operating expenses i n business,andth ecostoflivi ngare h i ghandsteadilyri si ngasth epopula-tionreach es aburstingpoint.

* * *Onth eoth erh and,i nstates

asLouisi ana,Alabama,GeorgiaandpartsofFloridagoodfarmlandcanbepurch ased'for$100--$l5Oanacreorberentedfor

aslowas$5peracre peran-num.Itgrievesmetoh earsomany

recentNisei graduatesofmedical,dentalandlaysch oolsannounceth eyaregoingback toCaliforniatopractice.Ith i nk th eywouldbemuch betteroffstartingi nanewand differentareath an onth eWestCoast.Th eysh ouldseek newcommunityties,newfriends,andnewvistasforth ei rfuture.Irecallwith pai nfulclarity,i nth egloomydecadeof1930-1939,i nLosAngeles h owpoorlyalargenumberofprofessionalmenfaredi nLi 'lTok yo.Th ereweresimplynotth atmanygoodlawcasestofile, caviti estofill,and tonsilstocuttogoaround.Ibelieveth esamesituationwillprevailwh enth eSansei becomeofageandpro-fessionalmenwillagainbework -i ngforpeanuts.ManyNisei farmersaremak i nggoodi nth evastfertilereach esofth eramblingRio Grande Valleyi n Texas.Th ey h avebuiltcom-fortable h omes,ownfinefarms,andareh appi lyestablish edmidstfriendlyneigh bors.Th eyarenei-th erplaguedbyth ei ntensecom-petiti onfoundsoprevalenti nth eli mi tedfarm areas i n south ernCalifornianorburdenedwith th eh i gh productioncosts.Th eri ch SaltRiverValleyofArizona isalsoproving quiteremunerativetoth emanyyoungfarmerswh oareprobing i ntoth esoi land extracting h and-somereturns.

""*Going i ntoth edeepSouth ,th efabulousdeltalands ofLouisi anaandMissi ssi ppi couldwellprovidefurth erSansei farmerswith com-fortable i ncomes.Rice,sugar,andtruck garden productsgrow th eyearround i nweath ersi mi lartoCalifornia.Th ere are j usta h andfulofJapanesei nth efloralandnurs-erybusinessfrom TexastoFlor-i dabuteveryoneh asbeenrath ersuccessful.Th ere areample lu-crativeopportuniti esi nth i spar-ti cularfield i nth esouth ,both i n

th ewh olesaleandretailend.San-sei with k now-h ow i nfloriculturecanbeassuredofagoodfuture i nth esouth .Inth edeepsouth th ereare un-limi ted business possibi li ti esforenterprisi ngyoung people.Com-petiti onth erei snotasfierceasi nwesternand north ernciti es;merch andi si ngandmark eti ngarenewartsth atare j ustbeingde-veloped.

"* *Forexample,Iwould li k etopointoutjustafewcasesofth eresults wh i ch some h ard-work i ngNegroeswere abletoach i eve i nNew Orleans.Joe Barth olomew h ad j ustagradesch ooleducation,butwasabletowork h i mselfi ntoth econ-tractingbusinessandi snowworthoverah alfmilli ondollars.Manyofh i s wh i te competitors h avesaid,"IfJoecando i twi th twostri k esagainsth i m,th enIough ttobeash amedofmyself."Th estoryofBelmontHaydeli salsoclassic.Th i sNegro,i n1934with $150cash ,startedaflowersh op.Today h e i sonc ofth elargestflorists i ntownandh i snetworth h as ri sen aboveth e$150,000mark .Anoth erNegrostartedapota-toch i pbusinessi n1940.Hestart-edoutwith only$78cash ,butto-dayh i s businessventuresgrossover$200,000ayear.ANegrofarmer i n Edgard,La.,owns 500 acres outrigh t,leasessome1500moreacres,andh i s h oldi ngsareestimatedtobeworth over$250,000.All'th ese men h adth ebarestofeducationbuth adth efacili tyoftak i ngadvantageofth eoppor-tuniti esaroundand mak i ng th ebestofth em.Th esouth i sth elastfrontierofopportunityremaini ng i n th i scountrytoday.Th ecompetiti oni snotasgreat,th epressureofpop-ulationnotso exacting,andth epatternofth ei reconomiclife isnotsodominatedas i noth ersec-tionsofth enation.Th esouth h asi /een alittlebeh i nd i neconomicand i ndustrialprogressbuti ti snowbeginni ngtowak eupfromitslongslumberstoslowlyemrgeandreasserti tself.Ch ange i sth eessenceofpro-gress.Evacuationandrelocationbrough tbyawar,h elpedcarveabetterandbrigh terfutureformanyaNisei .Ith i nk th esouth wardtrek willproveasvaluabletoth eSansei i nth i slasth alfofth e20th century.

Saturday,December31,1949PACIFICCITIZEN

3

NewYear'sGreetings

MISSEUNICE KUMAGAI,9 So.2ndAye.,Glendale,Ariz.JAMESAND MASUABE,160 Hi tch cock Rd.,Salinas,Calif.MR.J.MIYENO,2604VSt.,Omah a,Neb.MARGARETFRANKYAMAMOTO,Route1,Pocatello,Ida.Dr.AND MRS.F.T.INUKAI,1001ApgarSt.,Oak land,Calif.GEORGEIWASAKI,Route5,Hillsboro,Ore.

Th ePacifi cCi ti zenregretsth atth erewere i ncorrectad-dressesi nth egreetingsofth efollowingi ndi vi dualsandfamili esi nth eHolidayi ssue:Yofc>Hlo andTOSHIKOMIZUTANI,Rt.2,Box110,Th ermal,California.

YOSHITO OGIMACHI, c/oBox974,Indio,Calif.IRA,GLADYSandDONALDLLOYDSHIMASAKI,5705Wyn-?ateDrive,Beth esda,Md.

MISS GRACEMASUDA,3336 BurnetAye.,Cinci nnati,Oh i o.MR.and MRS.FRANKNISHITA,Rt.1,Box9,SanJuanBautista,Calif.

MR.andMRS. ISSAC SHINGAI, Rt.1,Box8,SanJuanBautista,Calif.

DENICHIandRUTH HASHIMOTO, 284 E.Wash i ngtonSt.,San Jose,Calif.

GEORGE ITAYA,Rt.6,Box269,Stock ton,Calif.TAMAKO andHARU VAGI,P.O.Box294,French Camp,Calif.

JACKIKEDA,444No.38th St.,Omah a,Neb.MR.J.MIYENO, 2604VSt.Omah a,Neb.MR.andMRS.WILLIAM KOBAYASHI, 14751 Bush ardSt.,

SantaAna,Calif.MR.andMRS.JACKTAKAHASHI, 31No.Ham,Lodi,Calif.MR.HALH.ISE,2411MontanaAye.,Billi ngs,Mont.OGAMIFAMILY,478 E.Court,Weiser,Idah o.RUBYandDICK ICHIJURA, 505No.6th ,Pocatello,Ida.MR.andMRS.K.MORIZONO,144414th St.,Oak land,Calif.OAKLANDV.8.A.,1816th St.,Oak land,Calif.MR.andMRS.KOSHIO andFAMILY,Ft.Lupton,Colo.MR.andMRS.SHIROMURAOKA,Tosh i o,TommyandLaura,

710 RidgewayAye.,Cinci nnati,Oh i o.

"ForaGoodNewYear'sResolution—ResolvetoAttendth eJACLNationalConventioni nCh i cagoonS«*pi.2«toOc*t.2,1950/S

EDITORIALTh e_Ni sei mJ9SOTh espectaculargrowth ofth eJACLduring*th eyear1949

cannotbelaidtososimpleath i ngasth eneedforsocialcontactamongth eNi sei .Duringth elast12month sth eJACLattainedforth efi rst

timeabreadth ofoperationandorganizati onth atcouldenablei ttobe designatedtrulynational.Ch apterswereformed i nareaswh ereth eNi sei h adlongbeenresidentbuth adneverbeforeorganizedonpurelyracialgrounds.Localgroupswereformed i nTexas,areas ofColorado,Wyomingand Montanawh ereth eJACLh adnottouch ed.JACLorganizati onsi nth emid-westernstatesandi nth eeastwerestrength ened.Neverbeforeh adth eNi sei beensowellorganizedandfor

soworth yapurpose.Beforeth eNi sei h adpeck edawayatlittle inj usti ces,h ad

tri edtosmooth downth emi norsymptomsofdiscri mi nati on.Th eCaliforniaanti-ali enlandlaw was deplored,aswereth erepeatedattemptstocurtailali enrigh ts i nfish i ngandoth eri ndustries.Butth emaj oroperationofelimi nati ngth esedi scri mi nati ons

byelimi nati ngth ei rcause—araciallyrestricti veci ti zensh i pactwh i ch madeth empossible—didnotoccurtoth eJapaneseAmer-i cans.Itwasnotuntilth ewarandth eevacuationth atth eNi sei

cametogripswith politi calreality.Th en,wh enth eNi sei werestrippedofpoliti calpowerand

worldlygoodsandsuch wealth asth eyh adaccumulatedth roughmanyyears,th eybegantosee th e uglyandpowerfulth i ngth atracism was.Itwasth en,wh enth eNi sei andIssei wereatth ei rweak estsocialandeconomicpoi nt,th atth eybegantofigh tback .

Th eevacuationdi dnotmak e h eroesofth eNi sei .Buti tdidcalloutsome i mpellingstrength andadeterminati ontocomeback .

Th ere, i nth ebarbed-wireenclosuresofth ewesterndesert,i nth etar-sh ack edh omesofth eWRA,th eNi sei wereborn.Th ei rfi rstcriesofprotestwentallbutunh eard,comingas

th eydi dfrom beh i ndbarbedwi reanddisti lledtoath i nwaili nth edesertair.Butth eNi sei persisted.Th eycameoutofth ecampsready

totack lenotaloneth e i nj usti ceofth eevacuationbutinj usti ceonmanyfronts.Th eycameoutreadytofigh tforwh atbeforeth e warh ad seemed i mpossiblegoals—naturalizati onforth eIssei,cancellationofrestricti ve landlaws,discri mi natorylawsi nemploymentand h ousi ng.Th eNi sei youth wh ogotk i ck edoutofCaliforniaturnedup

i nMinnesota,figh ti ngarestricti vecovenantonth eh ome h ewantedtobuy.Th eJapaneseAmericanoutofarelocationcampi nUtah came upfigh ti ng i nNewYork ,demandingh i srigh ttoa j obforwh i ch h emigh tnever h aveapplied i nCalifornia.

Th ousandsofNisei Glsi nth ePacifi candi nEuropeandasingleairman namedBenKurok i h ad establish edforeverth erigh tofth eNi sei tofullciti zensh i palongwith th ei rfellowAmericans.Butth i sdemonstration i nth efi eldsofwarh adtobereinforcedbyth eNi sei ath ome.Th erigh ts h adbeenwon.Th eyh adtobeclaimed.Th eJACLgoali n1949waselimi nati on ofracialrestric-

ti onsi nciti zensh i p.Th i sgoali llustratedgraph i callyth ematurityofth eNi sei .

Itsh owsth eNi sei werereadyatlasttograpplewith elementalproblems,forth eci ti zensh i pclauseth atleftth eIssei outsideth erealm ofAmerican citi zens,was th ebasic i nj usti ceth atmadepossiblesomanyoth ers—th eland lawsandth oselawswh i ch proh i bi tednon-aliensfromenteringvariousprofessionalandi ndustrialfields.Th eJACLADC goali n 1949alsosh ows th atth eNi sei

h aveatlastcometorealizeth atth ei rfutureswerenotseparatefromth eli vesofth eIssei.If,foratime,th eNi sei h adturnedfrom th ei rIssei parents,th eynowturnedback toth em i nacommon enterprise.Strength i norganizati on,an i denti fi cati onofselfwith th e

largergoodandan i nsti nctforprobingsensiti vespotsfordis-crimi nati on—th eseth i ngsth e"Nisei learned i nth ebi tteryearsofth ewar.Th enewyear1950mayproveayearoffulfilmentforth e

Ni sei andth eIssei.

nisei USAbyLARRYTAJIRIObituaryforth eYellowPerilIti sabouttimeth atsomebodygaveadecentburialtoth e

YellowPeril.Somefutureh i stori an i naBuck Rogerseraofspacesh i ps

and i nterplanetarytransportation,fingeringth edustyarch i ves

ofth eTwentieth century,maycomeacrossafootnoteaboutah alf-centuryofracisti nti mi dati onpracticedbypoliti caloppor-tunistsandeconomicspeciali nterestsagainstpersonsofJapa-neseancestryonth ewestcoastofth eseUnitedStates.Measured i nth eperspectiveofi ■

h i story afootnote i saboutalllUiat60yearsofracistagitati onandrestricti velegislation,climax-eabymassevacuationanddeten-ti on,wi nreceive.Someofth efolkmyunsandlegendsspawnedbyth exellow .Perilwillsurvive,ofcourse;folitmyth sli k efolk songsare h ardyandh aveth e stuffofsurvivali nanageofi mperman-ence.Forth eJapanesei mmi grantandh i sAmericanch i ldrenth eYellowferilwasarealandlivi ngth i ng,i taffectedth ei rli ves deeply,mark i ngth emoutfordiscri mi na-tion,and i tproscribedth ei rareaofeducationan»leconomicoppor-tunityand, i nmanyurban dis-tricts,sentencedth emtoresidencei nracialgh ettos.Th eYellowPerilwas i th evillai nwh o push edth ebuttontoseti nmotionth ebe-trayalofth edemocraticprocesswh i ch h i storywi llrecorn asth eracialmassevacuationof1942.I't.i h apsno onecan say j ust

wh en th eYellow Perildied.Itmayh ave been onth atday i nJanuary,194.wh enanAmericanpresidentwh oseth reei ni ti alswillprobablyberemembered aslongas h i snameseth i ssignaturetoadocumentauth ori zi ngth eforma-tion ofth eJapaneseAmericanCoiubatTeam with th ecommentth atAmericani sm i samatterofraceorancestrybutofth emi ndand h eart,alth ough th e deatnth roesofth eYellowPerilcon-tinued longafter.Itmay h avebeen onacrispautumnday i nth eforestsofth e.Vosgeswh enmenfrom th atsamecombatteamrescueda lostbattalion ofmenfrom th eTexasdivi si onori tmayh ave beenonth edayth atth efrock -coatedstatesmenof.Nipponboarded a battlesh i pcalled th eMissouri tosignsurrenderdocu-ments.Ith asbeennotedth atper-sonsofJapanesedescenti n th ePacifi ccoaststateswere,unwit-tingly,th e pawns i nagameofpowerpoliti csi nth ePacifi c.Th etimeofth epatient'spass-i ngmaybe uncertainbutth srecanbenoquestionaboutth efactofdeath .Th eYellowPerili snolonger

an i nstrumentofpoliti caloppor-tunismnorofeconomicadvantage.In i tsti meth eYellowPerilwasutili zedtoelectmentopublicof-fice,passrestricti velawsandex-cuselocaldiscri mi nati on.Itsprac-tbnersbecamemenofpowerm(th ei rnativestateandi nth eh allsofCongress.Itsprotagonistsgavei taliteratureo£ i tsown,novelsandsh ortstoriesbeingpublish edonth eJapanesemenace.Itsth emewas captured i nth eaptlytitled"Hym ofHate"wh i ch waspub-lish edbyth eHearstpressi n1926andch anted i npart:"Th eymeetuswi th asmileButth ey'rework i ngallth ewh i le,Andth ey'rewaiti ng j usttostealourCalifornia!Sok eepyoureyesonTogo,With h i spock etsfullofmaps,*orwe'vefound outwecan'ttrustth eJaps!"Th e Nisei forth emostpart,grewupi gnorantand i nnocentofth eturmoilwh i ch h aasurroundedth ei rparents.Th eyfound,h ow-ever,th atth eYellow Perilwastodogth ei rveryexistenceasth emongersofh atesough ttomak eth empariah si nth ei rnativeland.Th ey«ar1942wasabitteranddisi llusioni ngyearformostNisei ,pennedbeh i ndth ewatch towersofth e evacuationcamps,wh i leth eoratorsofth eYellowPerilsh out-edformassdepotationandper-manentexclusionfrom th ewestcoast.Moreth anascore ofor-ganizati ons,flyingth estandardsofpatrioti smbuti nspi redbyj rreedorrace h atred,wereformed!KgSf-ES!**t,00384-Th wewasth eRememberPearlHarborLeaguei nth enorth westandth eJapaneseExclusionAssociati oni nth esouth .Toth eevacuee i natarpaper-coat-ed barrack h ome th eresultingclamorobscuredth efactth atflmn

organizati onsrepresentedonlyasmallminori tyofth epeople.Butth eendresultwasfound i nth esegregationcenteratTule Lak ewh ereth edisaffectionofseveralth ousandofnativeAmericanswasrecorded. Th e YellowPerilh addone i tswork .Th eYellowPerilwas usedasaneconomic,socialandpoliti calweaponorigi nallyagainstth eCh i -nesei nAmerica.Th esamech argesoffecundity and i nassi mi bi li tylaterusedagainstth eJapanesewere madeagainstth e earlierCh i nese i mmi grants and forcedth em i ntoth egh ettosofCh i na-town.Nisei ch i ldren,aswellasoth eryoung Californians, h avech anted rh ymes atplayabout"Ch i n-Ch i n-Ch i naman" with outrealizi ng i tsracistorigi n.Califor-nach i ldrenalso h ave*cadBretHarte's "Heath en Ch i nee" i nsch ool.Th usth eYellowPerilwasready

madewh enth eJapanesearrived.Origi nally,th e Japanese i mmi -grantswerewelcomed,particular-lyasasourceofch eaplabor,butth ewelcometurnedtooppositi onwh enth ese i mmi grantssough ttoi mprove th ei rstatus.Th e cam-paignwasmade i ntoanationali ssuewh enMayorEugeneSch mi tzofSanFrancisco andAbe Ruef,th enpoliti calboss ofth e city,facingi ndi ctmentforfeloniousac-tivi ty,decidedth eyneededan i s-suewh i ch would tak eth emi ndsofth evotersoffofth ei rowncrimi nalconduct.MayorSch mi tzcreatedani nci dentwh enh i ssch oolboardordered segregationofallOrientalch i ldren.Th e action re-sulted i naverbalspank i ngfromPresidentTh eodoreRooseveltandMayorSch mi tzseizedonth e i n-cident to leada delegationtoWash i ngtontoappriseth eWh i teHouseofth e"Japanesemenace."

i nth e.politi cali ffoff1*Politi ci ansdedicatedth eZfolth e i ssue and one!S'ci «"th eNative Sonsof°!Kanization,West,came toi eldc*-powerbecauseolfoorTth eJapanese.cUwSR»«»wasspenttoi nformth Ti L

tionCommittee. Imnu«I»-Th eCaliforniaalienlandcopiedi nmanywesternstZ7'passed i n 1913byth eSandas an i ni ti ati vemS1920.ItspurposewasTZtSth eownersh i porenjoymenffi

wereresponsibleforth ePs£ofth eJapaneseExclusionAft!1924 wh i ch proh i bi tedTmjyciti zensh i p."Th e ali enlandt»repealedi nUtah anddeclared£constituti onalbyth eOregonStateSupremecourt,wasrenderedonenforceable i nCalifornia,ia%viewofth estate'sattorneymeral,byth eU.S.SupremeCourf,decisi on i nth e Oyamacase i n1948.Asfarasth e1924Immigi i .tion Acti sconcerned,th eJuddbill,wh i ch willrepeali tsrestric-tiveprovisi ons, h asbeenpassedby th eHouseandwassupportedbyalargemajori tyofwestcoast Ilegislators.Time,th ecourtsandth elegisla-turesare graduallyerasingth ei mpri ntsofth eYellowPeril.Itsmongersh adth ei rgreatestoppor-tunityearlyi nWorldWarIIwh enpublic h yi steri a and i ndi gnationoutweigh edconstituti onalguaran-teesforAmericansofJapaneseancestry.Butth eYellowPerilad-vocatesfailed,largelybecauseofth ewartimebeh avi orofth eJapa-neseAmericangroup.Th erewillbenoepitaph sto

h onorth emenwh omadeth eYel-lowPerilan i nstrumentforh ateandprofit.Rath er,i ntime,th eymaybecometh epariah s,outcastsbecauseofth ei rdenialofdecencyandth edemocraticspiri t.Problemsremainofcourse,lot'Japanese Americans.Th eyatestillavisi bleminori ty.Butth ei rproblemsareth oseofoth ermi-noriti es, rath er th an proWeasgrowingoutofantagonismsfo-mentedi nth enameofh ateorttecash box.Th eYellowPerili s dead andth eti mei spastforburial.

Hirosh i maMi ni sterPreach esPeaceMessage i nHawai i

ByLAWRENCENAKATSUKAHONOLULU—LestAmericans are i ncli nedto i orgei w

tragedyofHirosh i ma,aJapaneseMeth odi stpastorwh osurvivalth eatombombblastmoreth anfouryearsago h asbeenpreach -i ngth egospelofpeace i nth eUni tedStatessinceth efallof

1948.Th epreach erofpeaceitsth eRev.Kiyoeh i Tanimoto,atom

wh ose h eroi sm Joh n Herseywroteso eloquently i n h i sbo*"Hi rosh i ma."Th eMeth odi stmini sterh as j ustcompleteda14month tourofth emai nland i npromotinga move-mentbasedonth eth emeof"NoMoreHirosh i mas."HeleftJapani nSeptember,1938,atth ei nvi ta-tion ofth e Meth odi stMi ssi onBoard i nNewYork . Sinceth en,h eh asspok enbefore400organiza-tions i n30states,travelling50,--000milesforth epeacemissi on.Th e40yearoldmi ni sterh asre-latedto h i saudi encesh i s,personalexperienceofh avi nglivedth roughth efirstA-bomb explosionth atmorningofAugust6,1945.Th eblastanddestructionofli feth atresultedfrom i twereso h orri bleth emi ni ster i sobsessedwith th eneedfortellingeveryonewh owilllistentoh i mth atth eworldmusth avepeaceorfaceafatemanytimesmoredevastatingth anth eHirosh i mabombing.Th e Rev.Tanimoto i s nowspeak i ngbeforemanygroupsi nHawai i ,repeatingth emessageh eh asalreadydeliveredonth emai nland. Hewillleavesoonforh i s h ome and ch urch i nHirosh i ma.Th ech urch atNagaregawa,a

residentialsuburbofHirosh i ma,h asbeenpartlyrebuilt.Th epastorwasmovingth ebelongingsofafriendi napush cart,wh enth eA-bombwasdropped.Heth rewh i m-selfbetweenacoupleofboulders*.Wh enh egotup h esawruinsariddeath aroundh i m. [Th enbegandaysandnigh tsofmini stering to th e dyi ng and

wounded-anepisodewbcbjbeen told graph i cally'n AedHersey'sbook .Th e.pftstarw>«dtirelesslyamongth eburneobleeding;h egaveth em,wJJorganizedrescue*****%?&th osei ndanger,andwm h ewh i ch followed th eexplowoo,recruitedvolunteerstocolieeiandfeedth evi cti ms.Finally,.h e-topft.radiati onsick ness.BJTJJ.,Itriddenwith afererofm

KIYOSHITANIMOTO

(Continuedo»P<tf«"

4

DSFASDF

PACIFICCITIZEN

PACIFICCITIZENOffici alPublicati onofth e

JapaneseAmericanCiti zensLeague 4*&&

NationalHeadquarters:413-15BeasonBuildi ng,25EastSecondSouth street,SaltLak eCi ty,Utah .

Edi tori alandBusinessOffice:415BeasonBldg.Ph one5-6501.

Oth erNationalJACLOfficesi nWash i ngton,D.C,Ch i cago,NewYork ,Denver,SanFranciscoandLosAngeles.

Subscripti onRates:JACLmembers,$3.00peryear.Non-mem-bers,$3.50year.

Enteredassecondclassmatteri nth epostofficeatSaltLak eCity,Utah .Publish edweek ly,underth eactofMarch A,lo<».

LARRYTAJIRL EDITOR

Th ePacifi cCiti zenStaffWish esYoua&£ HappyNewYeart*

aNiseii nManh attan

byRok uSugah ara

SomeRandom Th ough tsforth eNewYearIh aveapock etfulofli ttlecddsandends,ofscrappaper Oneach werei deasforcolumns.Nowth atth eyearh asended,Imustdi i sposeofth eseli ttlej otti ngssoth atIcan.balancemybook s.Neverseemto h aveenough ttietogetaroundtodoth eth i ngs

Ireallywanttodo.Th ere'salwaysth ematterofmak i ngalivi aeth atcomesupandth attak estoppriori ty.Th en h ere i smyCousinWi lli ewh o both ersmewith alotofnonsenseandoutofdeferencetofamilyties,Ih avetoanswerh i mTh erei sth ematterofattendingtoth ereadersofth i scolumn'

Imigh tsayth eyareoftwotypes:th osewh oapproveandtoleratesomeofmyfindi ngsandth osewh o don't.Th e fo>stgroupareth osewh omImeetfacetoface:anoldfriendfromL.A.,aneigh borwh oli vesi nth enextblock ,aformerbuddyi nth earmy,afew JACLmembers,and,ofcoursemvrela-ti ves.Th eyallh avealittledifferentideaofwh atIsh ouldfeature

soIwindupbypleasingnone.Th eanti-Sugah araforcesarealsooutinnumbers.Th eyusually

gettomebymail.FrequentlyIh avenodefenseoropportunityforrebuttalsoIleti tgoatth at.Fouroutoffivesuch lettersofpro-testwi llcarryaph oneynameandaddress.JamesTanak aofCh i cagoandSh i roSuzuk i ofLosAngeles,wh oeverth eymaybe,arealwaysreadytoleadth eattack .Iwasspeak i ngofscrapsofpaperandideasIh adfor1949.

Someh owth eseareth eonesIdroppedoverboardsomewh erealongth epast12month s.

* * *ITEM 1.Ih ad h opedtogetan i nterviewwith formerAmbas-sadorGrew.Both ti mesIwas i nWash i ngtonIcouldn'tmak eth econnectionssoth ati deawasgivenup.ITEM2. Forsometh i ngalittledifferentIh ad h opedtowrite

anoth ercolumnonth esymptomsofbeing35,orth ereabouts,butIcouldn'taddto mypreviouslistsubstantiallysoIdroppedth atsubject.Ididfigureoutth reepeculariti esandImigh taswellpassth emontoyou.Nisei men i nth ei rmid-th i rti eswilltendto doth efollowing:getsleepyafterabigmealand di veonth eparlorsofaforasnooze,startwatch i ngth ecombforloose h ai rsaftercombingth ei rh ai ri nth emorningi nsteadofk eepi nganalerteyeonth emirror,andbeginto spendless timeandeffortsch emi ngoutsuitablegiftsforth elittlewomanon h erbirth day.Th ati s, i fIamtobeclassedasanaverageNisei ofabout35.

* * »ITEM 3.Ih adatriptoPuertoRicoalllinedup and was

readytoreportonsomeofth eNi sei livi ngth ere.Th eh urri edplanetripfellth rough duetobadweath erandIh adtocontentmyselfwith ash ortautotriptoFloridawh i ch turnedouttobeveryor-dinary.

ITEM4.Iwantedtoraiseth equestionofwh ath appenedtoth eoldTok yoClubofpre-wardays.Someh ow th ei nformationneverdidgetback tome.Iwas i nterestedto k now j usth owmanyunsolved murdersand death wereconnectedwith th atgangstergroupand j usth owmuch profitth eyusedtomak eayear.Th esilencewasdeafening.

* * *ITEM 5.Duringth efretfuldaysofevacuation,Ih eardth erewasa"black list"ofJACLleadersth atabandofrebels i nth evariouscampsccompiled.Wh ath appenedtoth atwh i tepaper?Justwh owereonth eli standwh y?Here,again,Iran i ntoastonewall.

* * *ITEM6.ItriedtogetCousinWi lli eandafewofth eoth erbigwh eelersanddealersaroundth e 9th and7th streetmark etsi nLosAngelestogivemeth ei ranalysisofth ewh olesaleproducesit-uation,.Ididgetalotofmark etreportsbutnotenough statisti csaboutth eNi sei wh olesalers.Iwantedtok now j ustwh atpercentageofith ebusi nessth eyh andledascomparedwith pre-wardaysandwh atwasth eoutlook forth e yearsah ead.Iguessth eboysareworriedaboutth ei ri ncometaxsituationso th eyrepliedonly i ntermsofgeneraliti es.

* * *ITEM 7. NewYork Ni sei i nunusualoccupations.Ih adgreat

h opesforth i sone.Ith ough tImigh tfindaliontamer,apoliceman,afireman,asubwayconductor,aglassblower,asuperatth eMet-ropolitan,oraprofessionalbeggaramongth e crowd.Mostofush ave j ustroutine j obsdrawaverageweek lysalaries,andli velivessi mi lartoth osei nmostMainStreetsacrossth enation.Ididcomeacross afamilyofprofessionalacrobatsbutwh enIdidactuallymeetth em,Ifoundoutth eywereCh i neseanddidn'tspeak awordofEnglish .

* * *ITEM8.Ilaidth egroundwork forplantingaprofit-mak i ng

"orientalartstore.Hadaraftofideasofwh attypeofmerch an-disetocarry,wh ati temsofinteresttodisplay,andalistofpromotionalsch emestodrumup business.Ieven h adth e an-tici patedrevenueperdaycalculateddowntoth epenny.But,i bei ngofasecretiveandselfish nature,Idecidedtodeferre-vealingmymodusoperandi tosomanypotentialcompetitors.Ofcourse,th ematterofnoth avi ngallth e100Gsnecessarytoi nvestdidh avesomenegativei nfluence.

* * *ITEM9.Irememberone h otsultrydayi nNewOrleansIwas

goingtotrytoswimacrossth eMissi ssi ppi .And,i fImanagedtoliveth rough th atordealofsplash i ngmywayacrossth reequartersofamileofmuddywater,Ith ough Imigh tpenafewlinesaboutth efeat.Wh enIdidgetupenough couragetojumpi ntoth eswirli ngch urni ngwaters,Ifoundoutth atIwasaboutalli n j ustafewdoz«n feetfrom th e levee.Th e powerfultidewascarryingmedownstream 20feettoeverystrok eIattempted.Iwasdodging,atth esametime,allk i ndsoftreebranch es,plank s,riverboatsanddebrisand i mmedi atelygaveupanyandalli deasofgettingacross.IfiguredIwasluck ytogetback tosh ore,fortyfeetaway.So,forlack ofaccomplish ment,Ith rew i nth espongeonth atcaper.ITEM 10.Ialsoh ad h i gh h opesofwriti ng h ow i tfelttoland

a150-poundsailfi sh .Twowh oledaysIspentonth eGulfofMexicoonafish i ngboati nsearch ofth i spowerfuladversary.Wetrolledforaboutfi veorsix h ourseach day.Th e closestwegottoevencatch i ngafish waswh enwedipped i ntoth esaltboxandsnatch edanunwilli ngsardinetoactasalureonth eendofourline.Th esk i pperh adaworldofexcuses;th edaywastoowindy,th ewaterwasnotsaltyenough ,th etidewasrunningout,th efi sh h ad j ust"nigrated,andourbaitwastoosmall,amongmanyoth erreasons.

* " "Wellth atJustaboutroundsoutmylist.Ofcourse,Ih aveacoupleofdozenManh attanNisei namesonmyli stth atIh adh opedtoi nterview,butVadaysandweek ssomeh owslippedbybeforeIfoundtimetolook th em up.Imustnotforget.Tomyfriends'andfoes,regularreadersof

tow columnand oth ers,aHappyNewYear.

FROM THEFRYING PAN)BillHosok awa:

XmasCardsRecallOldFriendsDenver,Colo.

Each eveningformoreth anaweek now we'vebeen enjoyi ngasmallprivate remini scenceses-sion overalittlestack ofth e day'smail.Th epostman'sofferingsarewaiti ngwh enwegeth ome,andwesitdowntoseewi h orememberedus,toadmireth e beautyand noveltyofth e greetingcards,tostudyth eaptnessofth emessages.Forth i si sth eCh ri stmascardseason,andwe

areh eari ng,forth efirsttime i natwelve-month ,from personswh om we k newandwereclose toi nth e longagoandfaraway.Each cardcon-j uresupaface,orapairoffaces, i nmemory.Andth erearemind-pictures,too,ofplaces andi h i ngsand i nci dents;andofsuch nebulousth i ngsasth ewayonepersonusedtolaugh ,orh ow h i seyesusedtocrink leupwh enh esmi led.Oddly,each cardseemstoreflectsometh i ngof

th esender'spersonality:Th ebold,colorfulcard;th egaymoderncard;th etraditi onalconservativecard;th eprogressivewiti h i deas;th efamilymanwith th efami lyportrait.Andmoreandmore,weh avecometoappreciateth elasttypeforth eyearsareslippi ngtoy andth ey h ave brough t newwrink lesaswellasoffspringtooldfriends.Ourfriendsarewell-scattered—from coastto

coastandalmostfrombordertoborderandonacoupleofcontinentsbesides.Th e warwas re-sponsibleforsomeofth at,butIsupposeagoodly-numberwouldh avewanderedoffanyway.Life'sli k eth at.Andwenever h earfrommostofth emuntilth eCh ri stmasseasonrollsaroundagain.

"Forth i spleasureofrenewing contacts,i ffornoth i ngelse,weenjoyth eh ni dayseason.Ch ri st-mas,uniortunately h asbecomelargely apagancelebrationdedicatedtoth atgreat,goldplatedgodmater.alism.Oneneed onlytoview th e j ostli ngsh oppi ngcrowds,th esalesballyh oo th atbeginsi nNovemberevenbeforeth eturk eybonesarelaidtorest,tosee th e h omage being paidtoth i sgreen-back ed di etyofth emasses.Butabitatth etraditi onalspiri t,modifi ed

byth e times,remains i nth efellowsh i p,goodwish esandgoodwilltowardallmenexpressedi nth eexch angeofgreetings.(Sign i nwondow:50 i ndi vi duali zedXmascards,$1.79.Yournamei mpri ntedfree).

" ♦ *Andth en i twi llbe NewYear's,alth ough i t

i sn'tclearwh eth erwe'reenteringth elastyearofth efi rsth alfofth eTwentieth century,orth «firstyearofth esecond h alfofsame.

* » *Sofarasth eNi sei i sconcerned,th eyearsare

brigh twith promise.Hisplacei nh i snati velandh asbeenwonandassuredby h i sownblood,sweatandtears.He i sattaini ngeconomic,and i nalessermeasurepoliti calandsocialmaturity.Alargepartofth estrugglei sover;buld.ng,ex-pandingandconsolidati ngarei nth efuture.Th e price,ofcourse,i svigi lance.Butcan

th i ngsevergetasbadasth eywereeigh tyearsago th i smonth ?MerryCh ri stmas,folk s,and a HappierNew

Year.

NationalHealth InsurancePlanFacesObstaclesi nCongress

ByI.H.GORDON

Byth eSideofth eHill:

Wash i ngton,v.O.Th epunditsofth eCapitalarerath erwellunited i none

belief—th atth eadmini stration's proposednationalcompulsoryh ealth i nsuranceprogramwillnotbepassedby th e81stCon-gress, j :<■

-*Th epundits,wh oi ncludeamotleyassortmentofcolumnists,plainwork i ngnewspapermen,sch olarsofgovernmentwh oexpressth emselves,oftenmorevigorouslyth anwell,i nletterstoth eeditors,andawonderfulvarietyofpoliti ci ans,h angers-onandbureauoffici als,arebynomeansasunitedonth emeritsofth epro-gramasth eyareonth edisposi-tionofi tduringth enextCongress.Yetevenstaunch advocatesof

freeeeeeeenterprise,andth edoc-tor'sGod-givenrigh ttomak eabuck andHippocratesbe h anged,aresquirmi ngafterth elatestplanofth eAMAtofigh t"sociali zedmedici ne,"wh i ch ,ofcourse,i sth ecompulsory$25feeleveleduponeverymemberph ysi ci ani nth ena-tion fora massive propagandacampaigntofigh tth ewh oleand,toth em,i ntolerableidea.Such fearlesssupportersofth e

ruleofth emonopolyandth epriv-i legeofth eh ungrytogo h ungryi fh e cannotfinda j ob,asth eTimes-Herald Col. McCormick 'srigh teousvoicei nth ewi ldernessofWash i ngton,andTh eDailyNews,th etabloid-si zeflagofth eScripps-HowardKingdom,arewondering,butonlyfaintly,i fsuch alevy i swi seanddemocratic,practicalasth eyconsiderth ewh olei deaofafrigh teni ngwarch esttoturnlooseonth ebogeyofmedicali nsurance.Eventh eletterstoth eedi tors

h avebeguntoquestionth eAMA'sactionsi nth i srespect.Nowth esearecuriousmanifesta-

tions,i ndeed.Foruntilth eAMA's"pay$25andfigh t'sociali zedmed-i ci ne'orloseyourstandingi nouraugustbody"edicttoth eph ysi -ciansofAmerica,th enewspapersofth e Capitalpresentedaunitedfronti nsupportofth eAMA.Th eoneexceptiontoth i sh asbeenHer-block 'scartoonsi nth eWash i ngtonPost.Newspapers,naturally,arefine

i nsti tuti onstodiscuss"publicsup-port'"or"publicantipath y,"or"publicreaction,"or"publicout-cry."Wh ateditorsmeanwh ouseth esetermsare,ofcourse,wh atoth ereditorsth rough outth ena-tionaredoing.Tak i ngeditori alwritersatth ei r

facevalue,i ti ssafe,th en,toas-sume,th atth e"publici sarousedanddisturbed"byth eAMA'sun-democratic$25assessmentagainsti tsmembers.Wh i ch astepfurth er,meansth eAMA now i sbecoming fai ntlytaintedi nth e"publicmind."Well,th eAMA h asdoneth i s

th i ngto i tself.Itsactionslongagoalienatedth atbodytoagreatmanyliberals,i ntellectualsandth ebetter-informed. Its succeedingscreamspenetratedtoalargerblocandbegandisturbingan i ncreas-i nglygreaternumberofpersons.Finally,th eAMA h asbrough tdownth ewrath of,well,i nany

event,afaintwristslapping,fromth eAmericanpress;andrath erpenetratingandastutecondemna-tionfromsuch publicati onsasth eAtlanticMonth ly,Th eNati onandNewRepublic,tonamebutafew.Th edoctorsofth enationaretreadingondangerousi ce.Atth emoment,i ti sdoubtfulth atmanyofth em recognizeth i s.For,i ntruth ,many doctorsarearath ersh eep-li k elot,led,willynilly,bycagey,rich "socialpractici oners"andwealth y"speciali sts"wh owantneith erth ei rdomain north ei rlucrativepracticestroubledbysuchri di culousideasas.mayupsetth ei r'indi vi dualeconomicapplecarts.Th ei rargumentsagainstcom-pulsorymedicali nsurance,are,forth emostpart,somewh atasini neand,i fth esi tuationwerenotsoserious,forlife,death anddociorscan neverbe oth erwi se th anserious,wouldbelugubrious.Th ei rpositi ononth equestionofprepaidi nsurance h as sh i ftedoverth eyears.Priortoth eFi rstWorldWar,atimeth eywouldli k eustoforget,th eAMAsupported th esch emeth eynow oppose. Th ei rstatisti csareopentoquestioni ng,andevensuspici on.Th ei rattack saremisleadingandcloak edi nsuchsemanticred h erri ngsas"socia.-i sm"and"communism."Th eAMAgrowspositi velyvici ouswh enOscarEwingspeak si nsupportofnationali nsurance,especiallywh enh epointsoutsuch factsas,underth eproposedlaw,doctorsareundernocompulsiontojoi n i nanationali nsuranceprogram;th a.th eonlyeffectsuch aregulationwouldh aveuponth em wouldbeforth egovernment,th rough ourprepaid i nsurance deducted th esameasi ncometaxes,toriayth ebills;th atcountyAMA associa-tionswillh aveagreatdealofsayi nh owth epaymentsaretobede-termined i nth ei rownlocaliti es.Toth i sth eAMAreplieswi th

such maudlinappealsas distri -butingpicturesofanoldpractici on-ersitti ngbesideabed,(you'veprobablyseenth epicturei nyourdoctor'soffice),andlabeling i tsometh i ngli k e:Keepth egovern-mentoutofth i spicture.Th eAMA h asveryfewlegstostandon.Th i si tk nowsfullwell,elsei twouldnotbeplacedi nth epositi onofaforcedassessmentuponth e doctorsofAmerica,anassessmentleviedwith outanyna-tionalreferendum byth edoctors,th emselves,tosee i fth eyfavororopposemedicali nsurance.Th ank goodness,th eAMA h as

tak enth efi neststeppossibletounderminei tscause;andth emosth elpfulstepi tpossiblycould h aveundertak entoi nsureth ateventual-lyth i snationwillenjoyanationalprepaidmedicali nsuranceprogram.

VagariesSch olarsh i ps...Amongth eartsch olosh i psbeing

offeredbyth eSanGabrielValleyAn.Centeri nPasadena,Calif., i sonespecifi callyforaNisei ...Th emanwh omayh avebeenth eri ch estpersonofJapaneseancestryi nth ewesternh emi sph erediedlastweeki nRiodeJaneiro.HewasHisatoFuj i wara,aBrazili ancoffeegrow-er. Alth ough Brazili an coffeecropsh ave beenpoorth i syear,Fuj i warareceived $1,500,000 forth i syear'scropand wasratedamongBrazil'stentopgrowers...Plansaregoingah eadfori h eestablish mentofanAmericanBud-dh i stuniversityi nNewYork City.Th eKey.liozenSek i h eadofth eNew York Buddh i stch urch ,re-turned recently from a th ree-month stripto Japantoobtainbook sandoth erreligi ousmaterials.

* "♦

HotTrombone...Th etromboneyouwillh eari nth eLi onelHampton orch estra'snewrecordingsforDeccawillprob-ablybeth atofPaulHigak i ,th eonlyNisei piayi ngwith atopband.Higak i ,regardedbyHamptonasoneofth etoptrombonistsi nth ecountry,lias been h elpi ng th eHampton,organizati onscoreth ei rcurrentsuccessatBopCity,NewYork 'stempleofmodernj azz...Before j oi ni ng Hampton,Higak ialsoplayedwith Luck yMilli nder,th e lateJimmi eLunceford andFreddieMartin.

" *"Guidebook ...Th enewnationalNisei Guiebook ,tobepublish ed"byIh eJamesNish i -muraorganizati on,th e Ch i cagoPublish i ngCo.,willtotalsome300pages i ncluding114pagesoffea-turesandph otosbyNisei wri tersandph otograph ers...TogoTa-nak a h astak enoverth eedi tor-sh i p ofScene,month ly picturemagazine.

"""Holiday...Th erearetwopagesofpicturesonJapaneseAmericansi nLosAn-gelesi nth ecurrent,January,1950,i ssueofHoliday.Exceptforonepictureofawarmemorialservice,th eph otosby ErnestKleinbergstressth e"Japanese"sideofNiseili fe i nLosAngeles. Th ecover-agei spartofHoliday'sspreadofLos Angeles wh i ch featuresanarticlebyHamiltonBassoonth e"colossusofth ewestcoast."...Th ecaptiononth eph otosdeclares:"LosAngeles h asauniquelocarminori tyi nh ercolorfulJapaneseAmericans. Bundledoutofi h estatei n1941,th eNi sei h avere-turnedwith anew pride i nth ei rsons'greatwarrecord."...I imanyanoth errecentpublicati on,Holidayusesth eword"Nisei "asatermwith referencetoallpersonsofJapaneseancestry.

Saturday,December31,19495

PACIFICCITIZBN

took twomonth sofrestbeforeh ecouldmoveaboutagain.Hewasluck yto h avesurvivedth eh olocaustth attook a h undredth ousandlivesi nonefatalflash .But h avi nglivedth rough i t,h ebelievesth eworldsh ouldlearnth elessonofth ewantonwastefulnessofwar;th atHirosh i ma sh ouldstandforeverasanexh i bi tforpeace.Hisdream,th erefore,i stomak e Hirosh i ma aworld peacecenter.Forth atpurpose,th eRev.Tani-motoproposesth eestablish mentofapermanent"InstituteonWorldPeace"atHirosh i ma. Th e i nsti -tutewouldstudywaysofpro-motingpeace. Coupledwi th i twouldbesocialservicecenters—h ospi tals,orph anagesand h omesforwidowsandch i ldren.Th epastorreportsagreatneedforth esefacili ti estocareforth eph ysi calwellbeingofHirosh i mapeople.A"Hirosh i maPeaceCenterCom-mittee"isbeingorganized i nth eUnited States,according toth eRev.Tanimoto. Prominentpublicfiguresli k eAuth oressPearlBuckWriterJoh nHerseyandNormanCousinsofth eSaturdayReviewofLiterature,Meth odi stleaders,Dr.G.Hopk i nsandDr.Ch arlesBossareback i ngth emovementwh i chi stobenon-sectarian,i nter-racialandworldwide.Th epastorreportsth atWorldPeaceDay i sbei ngobservedmorewidelyeveryyearonth eanniver-saryofth eHirosh i ma bombing.Ch ri sti an clergymen i n Oak landh avestarteda"No More,Hiro-sh i mas"campaign.Forth eRev.Tanimoto,th i swash i ssecondvisi ttoth emai nland.Hestudiedth eologyatEmoryCol-legei nAtlanta,Ga.,from 1937to1940.

WESTERN PIONEERSNisei andBusiness:

Oak land,Ualif.A MILESTONE i n th e h i storyofJapaneseAmericans wasAmark edduring1949with th efoundingofth efi rstNiseistock companyauth ori zedtotransactautomobileandgenerallia-bili tyi nsurance.

OwnedandcontrolledbyNisei andspeciali zi ng i nth ei ri n-surance needs,th e Western PioneerInsuranceCompanywasgiveni tscertifi catetopracticei nsurance i nSeptember.With i n i tssh orth i story,th ecompanyh asdevelopedsteadily

th rough outth estate.Some40Nisei ,Issei andCaucasianagentsandbrok ersnow representth enewfirm .Organizati onofth efi rm wasmotivatedi n1947byth erealiza-ti on th atth e Nisei and Issei,alongwith membersofoth ermi-nori tygroups,werediscri mi natedagainsti nth epurch aseofautoandoth erinsurancebysomeofth ei nsurancecompanies.Th epracticewasasteadyirri -tantinth esi deofth eJapaneseAmericans,wh owerenoneth elessh elplessi nth efaceofth e dis-cri mi nati on.In some i nstancesNi sei weretotallyrejected—solelyonth ebasisofrace—and i noth ercaseswerech argedadiscri mi na-torysurch arge.Th i spracticewasrationalizedbyth ediscri mi nati ngcompaniesongroundsth atmem-bersofminori tygroupswerepoorfinancialrisk s andth at, i nth ecaseofauto i nsurance,membersofminori tygroupswouldinevi t-ablylosei nacourtcase,sh ouldanautoaccidenti nwh i ch th eywerei nvolvedgobeforea j ury.With th e adoption by some

states, i ncluding California,ofcompulsoryi nsurancelaws,th edis-crimi natorypracticework edanad-diti onalh ardsh i puponth ei ndi vi d-

ualwh owantedtoobeyth elawbutwasnotwilli ngtopayadis-crimi natorytaxmerelytodoso.Th usth eWesternPioneerInsur-anceCompanygrewoutofth especialneedofNisei andIssei fori nsurance.Amongth eorganizerswere15Ni sei wh opromotedth e saleofstock forth ecompanyforayear'speriod,completingcapitali zati oni nlateAugust.Th ecompanyestablish edh ead-quartersat4101Broadwayi nOak -landi naformerbank buildi ng.Headingth ecompanyaspresi-

denti sRalph L.Jensen,formerlywith th eCiti zen'sbank i nIdah oandpersonalanalystforInterna-tionalHarvester i nth ewesternstatesfor15years.Duringth ewarh eservedasautomotivead-vi sorforth ewestcoastarmycom-mand. %Yosh BuddyMamiya,formerlySanDiegoagentforth eSi lverGateRealtyandInsuranceCo.,i svi cepresident.Amemberofth e442ndcombatteamduringth ewar,h ei salsoanactiveJACLer.WesternPioneer'ssecretary i sti i "*'i ti ti --"'-"■----"--"

Tom Myles,Harvardcollegeandlawsch oolgraduate,wh oh asprac-ticedlaw i nNevadaandh i s h omestate.Mylessawserviceasacap-tain i n th e counterintelligencecorpsi nth ePacifi cth eater.RolandRobinsofOak landi sth eunderwriti ngmanager,wh i leJackKelly,bombardiernavigatorandcaptaini nth eai rcorps,i sofficemanagerandi nsuranceaccountant.Anth onyScarcellaofOak land

h eadsth eclaimssection.Ki k u Sh i masak i ,wh oreturnedrecentlyfromtwoyears'civi lser-vicedutyi noccupiedJapan,i sch i efstenograph er.

Home office personnelofth e WesternPioneerInsuranceCompany,lefttorigh t,areJack Kelly,TadHirota,Ki k uSh i masak i ,An-

th onyScarcella,Roland Robinson,Tim Sasa-buch i ,Ralph L.Jensen,Y.B.Mamiya andTom Myles.

PORTRAITOFTHEDAYSByARITAEDMONDSIKEGAMIMENTALLYIcanreviewth ei mportantdaysofmylifeandfind th atsome were i ndeed ofgreatermomentth anwereoth ers.Li k eth edaysth atcame j ustpri ortoth eevacuationandth oseth atfollowed.Forth eni tseemedth atth eonlyth i ngsonecouldbecer-tainofwereth euncertainti es.Th esadandth ecomici nterwove

tolendeach daysomeparticularimportance.Th osewereth eti mesfilled with mydeceitto myself.Deceitbornoffearforwh ateachtomorrowmigh tbri ng,causingmyselftobelieveth atwouldneverend andth atwarwasath i ngeternal.Buti nspi tsofsuch self-infli ctedpity,th ewardidend. Beinganormalpersonandwith anapti-tudeforch angi ngmoods,i tdidnottak emelongtoadjustmyselftoth efactth atpeopleareforth emostpartgoodandth atli feflowsonli k easmooth andagedwine.Todrink i ti ssweetandIcannowsipoflifewith adeepandsincereappreciati on.Allth i sbe-causeIh avelearnedth at:Humansareallofth e samech emi calformulabutth atwh at-everth ech emi cali ngredientth atgoestomak eupth ei ndi vi dualper-sonality,someareblessedwith agreaterabundanceofth emilk ofh umank i ndnessth anareoth ers.Moneyi sapowerfulandcontrol-lingelementandalbeit,aneces-saryagenti nth eeverydaysch emeofexistence.Arich manwh opossessesnocompassionforh i slessfortunatebroth eri sapath eti ccrealureandbasicallyaspiri tualpauper.Goodmannersareth eproductofgoodbreedingandalongwith th eassetk nownasculture,cannotbepurch ased.

Toleranceh eadsth eli stofgreat-ervirtuesandamanmaycomefrom th e h i llcountryorh emaycome from th esetcalled"BackBay,"yeti fh e cutaveinandcompareth ebolodth atrunsforthwilh th ebloodofanymanalive,h ewillfindth atallbloodrunsred.Foreverygooddeedyoudoandforeveryk i ndth ough tyouth i nkth erei ssometh i ngofequalgoodth atawaitsyou.With outbeinglovedorwith outloving,th erei sveryli ttleofworthtowh i ch onemayaspire.Th atlittlech i ldrenareveryi m-portantpeopleandi fyouareno.,ofth eprolifi cvari ety,you canloveth eoffspringofoth ersandth erefromderiveameasureofsat-i sfactionforth epaternalyearn-i ngsi nyourh eart.Th atamongth emore"earth y"th i ngsth ere i sath ri lltosuch asimpleactasbak i ngabatch ofbread i naranch k i tch enforth efi rsttime.Th atbeingth eyoungesti na

familyofadoring bmfhsi stersanddotin/pZj 9erBN1th epreludetoatraKLMM swSSyt■maturemomentsandyZZfth «lifewith th esamecar!ofyoitti nch oosi ngplaceo? WouWth eh ereafL!radfouKtfei nofcourse. neclll"ce,Strangers often revealH.selvesas h elpfulaiSSStk ?"givi ngyouatasteofh eavonth i smortalsph ereSi 6t!aswonderfulasth e k ."goodfriend,extendftt

mank i nd h avebecome ver?,;portantcomponentsofmydlprogramfordailylivi ng. J

Life i strulya"big parade-Picturei ttodayi nyourmmdZt'youmayreview i twi th caret*morrow.Becarefulh owyouZi t—th i s"portraitofyourdays"

SanLuisValleyHoldsSocialDespiteSevereSnowstormLA JARA,Colo.-Despiteisnowstorm,50personaattendedabingosocialh eldbyth eSanLuisValleyJACLonDec.10.Itwasreportedth atmanyoth ersstartedoutfrom th ei rh omesforth eWOW h alli nLaJarabutwereforcedback byslipperyroadsandblindi ngsnow.ArecordingofMi k eM.Mas-aok a'saddressatth efirstMoun-tainPlainsregionalconferenceonNo.13 i nDenverwasplayedatth esocialsoth atth osewh owereunabletoattendth eDenvereventcould h earth emessageofth eJACLADC director.RudyYosh i zak i wasi nch argeofentertainment,assistedbyMb.Yosh i zak i .Atth e closeofth e eveningAuctioneerFredNozawa,aidedbyMasaoAigak i ,soldh omemadepiesandcak es.

Hirosh i maMi ni ster(Continuedfrom page4)

PACIFICCITIZEN6

ERTtitui rto

Season'sBestWish es

-from -VENTURACOUNTYJACLCHAPTER

AND ITSMEMBERS

Z2 _^^ 2_ »■

Season'sGreetings

EDENTOWNSHIPCHAPTERJACLCo-Presjdents—Kenj i Fuj i i ,Mm Sh i nodaRecordingSecretary-- Kimi k oFuj i iCorrespondingSecretary— RoseSh i nodaTreasurer - - - - Mm Yonek ura

BOARD OFDIRECTORS

Toich i Domoto Yosh i toSh i bataGeorgeHatak eda MisaeTanisawaKazuOk ada Gi i ch i Yosh i ok a

ProfessionalNotices

DR.Y.KIKUCHIDENTIST

124South SanPedroStreet(FonrerSh ok i nBuildi ng)

LOSANGELES 12,CaliforniaTel.:Mich i gan3580 Room211

W.S.O'HIRA,D.M.D.dentist

312E.FirstSt.Suite310-11 TaulBldf.Mich i gan5446LosAngeles12,California

Season'sGreeting*from

Employeesofth e

CenturyPrinti ngCompany

231-35BdisonSt.SaltLak eCity,Utah

MEN!WOMEN!Forgoodj obsatgoodsalaries,CONSULTUS—Weh aveplentyofopeningsforboth MaleandFemale.

OfficeHelnBook k eepers,Stenograph ers,TyputFFili ngClerk s.Receptioni sts,Etc

FactoryHelpMach i ni sts.Punch Press Operator!,rAssemblyLiners,andmanyoth er*

RestaurantsCook s.Waiters.Dish Wash ers,

dubsBusboys,Pantrymen,

HotelsHousemen,Ch auffeurs,

DomesticGardenersandMaids.

"Come i nandseeusorwrite

Japanese-AmericanEmploymentAgency

1148N.Clark St. Ch i cago10,&

SUperior7-6644 '4

SaveFish ermenAsTunaBoatCapsizesatSeaSAN DlEGO—Th reefish ermenofJapaneseancestryfrom SanDiegowererescued,alongwi th 11oth ermembers6fth ecrew,asth e$375,000tunaboatDominatorcap-sizedandsank i nth eGalapagosIslandsoffEcuador,2800 mi i essouth ofh ere,onDec.12.Th efish ermenwerei denti fi edasIsamu Matsuh ara,Yasuo Nak a-motoandMasah araTsuida.Th eDominatorleftSanDiegoonNov.20fora70-daytunafish -i ngtrip.

VitalStatisti csBIRTHS

ToMr.andMrs.MitsuruFui i -nami aboyonDec.8i nSaltLak eToMr.andMrs.Ray MasaoKusamura,Murray,Utah ,agirlonDec.4.ToMr.andMrs.DonaldKazu-nobuNish i taaboyMark Kazuo,onDec.7 i nSanJose.ToMr.andMrs.Megumi Na-vT-'£?s Altos'Calif-'a girl,Yuk i ePh ylli s,onDec.8ToMr.andMrs.KingoTaj i i ,Madrone,Calif.,a girl,DianaAgnes,onDec.9.ToMr.andMrs.KatsutoTak ai aboyonNov.27i nStock ton,CalifToMr.andMrs.FredT.Mat-sunoaboyonNov.16 i nLodi,Oa,111.ToMr.andMrs.Mich i oYama-nioto Acampo,Calif.,agirlonNov.20.ToMr.andMrs.Tok i oOk amotoagirlonDec.10i nSacramento.ToMr.andMrs.KiyotoHama-sak i aboyonDec.11 i nAuburn,Calif.ToMr.andMrs.Masash i Sh i mo-

sak aagirlonDec.12 i nSanFrancisco.ToMr.and Mrs.Ben Sh i mo-

mura,Winters,Calif.,agirlonDec.7.ToMr.andMrs.MorioKitagak iagirli nOak land.ToMr.andMis.Sam Muk ai daaboy,Allen,onDec.6 i nNewYork Ci ty.ToMr.andMrs.Tadash i Yama-

moi'oaboyi nDenver.ToMr.andMrs.BertMotomuTanak a,SanDiego,Calif.,aboyonNov.25.ToMr.andMrs.Frank Ogi aboyonDec.14i nSanFrancisco.ToMr.andMrs.DonaldK.Tori-umi,PasadenaCalif.,agirlJaniceJoy,onNov.30.

DEATHSSaich i roKazah ara,69,onDec.

15 i nSaltLak eCi ty.Yosh i matsu Wada,72,onDec.13i nSaltLak eCi ty.SumitaroTaguch i 73,onDee.13InReedley,Calif.Kaj i emonHaj i ,67,onDec.13i nFowlerCalif.SaizoTsuj i ,64,onDec.2 i nLosAngeles.Fuk uj i roSh i mash i taonDec.7i nCh i cago.Mrs,HaruSuzuk i ,59,onDec.16i nOak land,Calif.T.Ok amoto,72,FortLupton,

Colo.,onDec.18i nDenver.Ich i roMatsuura,79,onDec.18i nLosAngeles.

MARRIAGESJuneHayami toJamesOgisak aonDec.3 i nCh i cago.MaryYamanrototoJim EtowonDec.18 i nWatsonville,Calif.Mari k oOtani toGenk i ch i Miya-gi sh i maonDec.3 i nCh i cago.

MARRIAGELICENSESAliceKoh aya,..24,andKiyosh iYosh i moto,29,SanMateo,Calif.,i nSacramento.TeruyeMi k ami ,23,Lodi.Calif.,

andTedTok i oOtani,29Cah va,i nFresno.Kath eri neSugawara,21,andLeeFong,22,i nOak land,Calif.Frances Maule,19,and Roy

Kawamoto,26,LosGatos,Calif.,i nSanFrancisco.

MidwestAttorneysWillJoinJACLi nAdvisi ngonClaimsCHICAGO—Midwestattorneysi nterestedi nth eevacuationclaimsprogram h aveagreedtocooperatei nJACL'sprojectto i nform th eDepartmentofJusticeastoth ei rvi ewsonth elegalandadmini stra-ti veaspectsofth eclaimsprogram,th eMidwestofficeofth eJACLre-portedlastweek .Meetingwi th Mi k eMasaok a,na-

tionallegislative directorofth eJACL Anti-Di scri mi nati on Com-mittee,Wash i ngton,D.C.th eseat-torneysh eardanoutlineofCan-ada'sexperiencewith th ei revacua-tionclaimsprogramandth elatestdevelopmentsi nth eAmericanpro-gram,particularlyas i trelatedtoth eLosAngelesfieldoffice.Problemsconcerninglocalattor-

neys,wereraisedanddiscussedbyth egroup.Sinceth egovernmentclaimspro-gram i sunprecedentedandsinceth oseattorneysfili ng claimsarei nabetterpositi ontoi nterpretth elaw and suggestadmini strativeproceduresth atwilli nsure th eevacuee-claimantmore liberalclaims,Masaok asuggestedth atth eattorneyspresentform aspecialcommitteetocooperatei nth eNa-ti onalJACLprogram topresentmemorandatoth eDepartmentofJustice on every controversialaipoctofth elaw.Masaok apointedoutth atth e

Ni sei andoth erattorneysi n,LosAngeles h adagreedtoasimi lar

suggestion and th atattorneysth rough outth enation,work i ngto-geth ertopreparesuch memoranda,wouldrenderarealservicetoth ecommunityaswellastoth ei rownclaimants.JACL,asth eprinci palsponsorofth eevacuationclaimslawpass-edlastyearbyCongress,willco-ordinateth i scooperativeprogramfrom Wash i ngton.AttorneysTh omasMasuda,JiroYamaguch i ,GeorgeKita,WileyHi-guch i ,HaroldGordonandRich ardHi k awaofCh i cagoand Ch arlesTatsudaofMinneapolisagreedtocooperate.Oth eri nterestedattor-neyswillbeask edtojoi nth epro-gram. Rich ard Ak agi ,MidwestRegional Representative, wasnamedtemporarych ai rmanofth eCh i cagocommittee.Oth ers i n attendance includedNoboru Hondach ai rman ofth eCh i cagoCh apterevacuationclaimscommitteeandamemberofth eNationalJACL Board, Sh i geoWak amatsu,Ch i cagoCh apterpres-i dent,andKenYosh i h araandMi k eHagiwaraofth eBusinessServiceAssociates.

Mrs.Ruth Hash i motoElectedPresidentofSanJoseCh apterSAN JOSE,Calif.—Mrs.Ruth

'Hash i motowaselectedpresidentofth e Uni ted Citi lens League ofSantaClaraCountyforth ecom-i ngyearatth eelertionsh eldonDec.8.Oth er membersofth e new-cabinetareDr.RobertOk amoto,firstvice-pres.;Arth urNak ata,Palo Alto, second vice-pres.;Sach i yeEndo,sec;Sam Tanase,treas.,andPh i lMatsumura,h i s-tori an.Th enewcabinetwillbei nstalledatadinnertobeh eldatDinah 'sSh ack onJan,.12from 6:30p.m.with EsauSh i mi zu i nch arge.

Saturday,December81,1949PACIFICCITIZEN

7

Tomt.rroINSURANCE:Life-Auto-Fire*„GeneralUabili ty312R.FM St. Room 204Mlch l/c 8001 LosAngelea

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San Francisco15.CaliforniaIMPORT JOrdan7-8220 EXPORT

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AmericanGranulatedSugar(Four5lbs.bags)ONLY$395

(Postage&Insurancei ncluded)Sugarwillbesentoutfrom ourstock storedi nPacifi cTrading

Co.,Tok yo,uponreceiptofourairmai li nstructions.MITIPermitNo.24-4704-2

I Enjoyaluxury II oceanvoyage... IIanextendedvisi t II toJapan I

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AmericanPresidentLines'GlobalFleetOffersFast,FrequentSaili ngstoYok oh amaandKobevi aHonolulu

AnewSCAPrulingmak esItpossibleforU.S.citi zenstovisi tJapanforaperiodupto22month s.Japaneseciti zensmaystayforaslongas10month s.Forcompletedetailsandregulationsregardingth esevi si tsconsultyourlocaltravelagentornearestAmericanPresidentLinesrepresentative.

ACCOMMODATIONS AVAILABLE

S.S.PresidentWilsonandS.S.PresidentCleveland,America'sfinestpost-warluxuryliners,sailmonth lyfromSanFranciscoandLosAngelestoYok oh amavi aHonolulu.EconomyvoyagesofferedbyS.S.GeneralGordonandAmericanPresidentLines'Cargoliners. II

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PERSONAI-Anyonek nowi ngth ewh ereaboutsofMr.&Mrs.RayHirosh i Sato,formerlyofHolly-woodandCh i cago,please con-tact:KenK.Aiba,JASection,HQ Yok oh amaCommand,APO503c/oPostmaster,S.F.Calif.

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t<- v O\tl'vH 99+% PURE /

Sltlli.lYl'M.th epure,unblendedSuperSeasoning,i savegetableproteinderivati ve i ncrystallineform.Look forSh i rayuk i i nth ebeautifulredcanis-ter.Itisyourassuranceoffinequality.

Tri-StateBuddh i stsCrownBrigh tonGirl

Elsie Nak ata,17,ofBrigh ton,Colo.,wasselectedasqueenofth eTri -StateBuddh i stcon-ference h eldonDec. 17and 18 i nDecember.MissNak ata(back row center)wascrownedatadancei nth eSilverGladeofth eCosmopolitanh otel.Th equeen'sattendantsare:(back row)Pearl

Kuwabara,19,Denver,andMrs.RoseMasunaga,20,FortLupton;(front)BessieYosh i da,17,Ala-

mosa;BettyUyemura,20, Rock y Ford,andRuby Mayeda,16,Longmont.Inadditi ontoth ebusinesssessions delegatesattended a mixer,sk ati ngpartyandatalentsh ow andwatch edateam from Crowley,Colo.,winth ebask etballtournamentfrom 11oth ercontenders.Dr.EugeneLink ,professorofsociologyatDenveruniversity,wasth emai nspeak er.—CutcourtesyofRock yMountainNews,Denver.

MontanaCh apterAnnouncesProfitOnRecentCarnivalBILLINGS,Mont.— Th eMon-tanaJACLch aptermadeanetprofitof$483.93from itscarnivalonNov.20atLaurel,YasuoNaye-matsu,treasurer,reportedatare-centmeeting.Healsoreportedth ataeontribu-

tionof$50wasreceivedfromSamUj i fusaofWorland,Wyo.

OpenCPAOfficeLOSANGELES—Formationofafirmofcertifi edpublicaccount-antswasannouncedh ererecentlybySh oli noofLosAngelesandMasaj i Tak edawh orecentlyre-turnedtoth i scityfromCh i cago.

Hawai i Wi nsAll-OrientalCageCrownSAN JOSE,Calif.—Th eHawai iNi sei All-Starsendedth etwo-yeardominati onofth enationalall-Ori-entalbask etballtournamentbyth eSanFrancisco St.Mary'sSaints,defeating th eCh i nese Americanearn,42to39,i nth efinalsofth etourneyonDec.25atth eSanJoseStategym.Th eh ostSanJoseZebraswonth econsolationroundbynosingoutth eCh i cagoHusk i es,ch ampi onsofth erecentNisei i nvi tati onaltour-ney,47to46.San Francisco Saints, 43;South ern CaliforniaAppliance.39.Berk eleyNissei ,61;SanFran-

ciscoFili pi noA.C.,39.Hawai i All-Stars,47;Ch i cagoHusk i es,39.SeattleAll-Orientals,55;SanJoseZebras52.

SEMI-FINALSHawai i All-Stars,54;Berk eleyNissei ,42.S.F.Saints,50;SeattleAll-Orientals,33.

ConsolationRoundSanJoseZebras49;S.C.Ap-pli ance,46.Ch i cagoHusk i es,61;S.F.Fili -

pinos,32.

PeopleofJapaneseAncestryInU.S.Unitei nSupportOfWalterBill,SaysMasaok a

WASHINGTON,D.C—Mi k eMasaok a,nationalJACTDiscri mi nati onCommitteelegislativedirector,returned16from asix-week tourth atlefth i mfeeling''confi dpersonsofJapaneseancestryareunited i nth ecommonseek i ngpassageofth eWalterResolution."Th eresolution,wh i ch passedth e Houseunanimously

i nth eyear,butsufferedatemporarysetback i nth eSe ith eloneobjecti onofSen.Russell(D.,Ga.),wouldgrant*i zati onprivi legestosome 88,00!)■ ■ natUl*Japanesei nth eUnitedStatesandHawai i .Mr.Masaok asaid h e i s op-ti mi sti coverch ancesforcompara-tivelyearlypassageofth emeas-urewh enCongressreconvenes.Th elegislativedirectorsaid h e

foundeconomicconditi onsamongth oseofJapaneseancestryonth eWestCoast"improvedoverwh ati twasayearago."JapaneseAmericansth rough -outth enationarefacingth efuture with confidence. Th eyh avebeenreaccepted i ntoth emai nstream ofAmerican li feevenmorerapidlyth anweeverdared h ope.Th erei sli ttleun-employmentabnomgth em."Hesaidth ei rtwomajori nter-

eststodayarefocused uponth eWaltermeasure,andprogressofth e Evacuation Claimsprogram,passedbyCongressto i ndemnifyIssei andNi sei forrealandper-sonalpropertylossessuffered i nth ei revacuation from th e WestOoastseveralmonth safterth eout-break ofwar.Mr.Masaok adi scussedboth ofth esemattersi n,aseriesofcon-ferencesat:Th eorganizati onalmeetingofth eMountainPlainsJACLDistri ctCouncilconvention,Denver;th eorganizati onalmeeting of th eNorth ern California-Western Ne-vadaDi stri ctJACLCouncilcon-vention,SanFrancisco;th efi fthannual Intermountain Di stri ctCouncilConvention,Ogden;th eor-ganizati onalmeetingofth e Pa-ci fi cNorth westDistri ctCouncilat

i tsSpok aneconvention,andata.

Mr.Masaok aconferredi naLak eCitywith HitoOk adnti onaUACLpresident;ffiMnationaldirectorandLarrySeditorofTh ePacifi cCitS"*

8

PACIFICCITIZEN Saturday,Decent%

Th eIdealGiftsforIsseiReader'sDigest,JapaneseEd.(1yr.) $3.75KodanClub(1yr.) 9-00Sh ufuNoTomo(1yr.) - 9-50King(1yr.) - 9.50Fuj i nClub(1 yr.) - 9.00

Scene,JapaneseAmericanPi ctorial(1yr.) 2.00

SendOrdersto:

FUJIMAGAZINE&BOOKSHOP339% E.FirstSt. LosAngeles12,Calif.

"KIKKOMAN"IMPORTEDGENUINESHOYU

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NEW LOW PRiCEgMerck BrandSTREPTOMYCIN-Di h ydro20-1gram40-1gram j «m50-1gram _."100-1gram

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Th ese prices i nclude pucdpostagetoJapanoroth erdo-ti nati ons.

TAKAHASHITRADINGCOMPANY1661PostSt.-SanFrwebet

WOOLENSFORMENandWOMEN'SWEAI— for—Suits,Coats,Slack s,Sk i rts,Dresses,Robes,etc

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