Trevor Lane Ayli Chong
Effectively Presenting Your Research
Shinshu University
27 June 2015
What are your goals?
When to present your work
Impressive presentations
Present professionally
Interact with your peers
You need to be an effective communicator of your research
Articles Presentations
Importance of presenting your work
Section 1
What are your goals?
When to present your work
Impressive poster presentations
Logical oral presentations
Clear and effective slides
You need to be an effective communicator of your research
Presentations
Customer Service Presenting your work
Why important to present?
Share your published and unpublished findings
Identify trends in the field
Network and form collaborations
Customer Service Presenting your work Where to present?
Lab meetings
Journal clubs
Meetings/conferences
Lab meetings
Customer Service Presenting your work Lab meetings
Content will be different from meetings/conferences
Goals
Share your work with colleagues
Get help/advice
Plan future experiments
Customer Service Presenting your work
Lab meetings – preparation
Identify successes and problems
Logically organize your data
Scan all non-digital images
Prepare PowerPoint
Print out slides as handouts
Bring paper and pen for notes!
Customer Service Presenting your work
Lab meetings – what to present
Background information
Successful experiments
Difficult experiments
Failed experiments
Future directions
“Why didn’t it work?” “It didn’t work.”
Customer Service Presenting your work
Lab meetings – Getting feedback
Helps you to improve your experiments and results
Helps you retain focus
Encourage discussion with questions Do not rush through your slides, give your
colleagues time to think
Why?
How?
Journal clubs
Customer Service Presenting your work Journal clubs
Goals
Stay up-to-date on published research
Learn to critically review research
Learn from your colleagues
Customer Service Presenting your work Journal clubs
Organization
• Group of 8–12 people with similar interests • Meet every 2–4 weeks • One person presents a recently published article
Objective: Critically review article
Appropriate study design/methods?
Scientifically relevant topic?
Logical interpretations?
Significant results?
Customer Service Presenting your work Journal clubs
Benefits
• Learn to identify good articles
• Learn to write better manuscripts
• Learn to discuss other’s research
• Prepare you to become an effective peer reviewer
Meetings and conferences
Customer Service Presenting your work Meetings & conferences
Usually organized by societies, institutes, or publishers
Some are small and focused • Good for right before writing and after
publishing your work
Others are very large and broad • Good when beginning a new project or want
new ideas
Types of meetings
Customer Service Presenting your work
When should you present your work?
Before you publish?
After you publish?
BOTH!
Customer Service Presenting your work
Presenting before you publish
Advantages
Identify new trends Meet similar researchers
Get advice Identify problems
Customer Service Presenting your work Identifying trends
Small meetings usually focus on a narrow topic important for the field
Customer Service Presenting your work Identifying trends
Large meetings usually have smaller symposia focused on important topics
Customer Service Presenting your work Meet similar researchers
Talk to the ‘big names’ in your field
Meet the researchers in those labs
Meet new researchers
Establish collaborations
Customer Service Presenting your work Get advice
At others’ presentations
During/after your presentation
• Talk directly to the researchers doing the experiments
• Technical details and ‘data not shown’
• Are they familiar with your techniques?
• Are there any problems/gaps?
Customer Service Presenting your work Identify problems early
Unclear aims Methodological
problems
Unclear figures Missing data
Unclear relevance
Lack of interest
“Why is this important for the field?”
Lack of interest in your published article
Customer Service Presenting your work
Presenting after you publish
Advantages
Actively promote your article
Advice on future directions
Networking with researchers
Networking with journal editors
Poster presentations
Section 2
Poster presentations
Benefits of poster presentations
Gives you the opportunity to interact with other researchers in your field
Allows you to share pre-published results with your peers
Allows you to discuss one-on-one with other researchers about your study
• More interactive than oral presentations • Improve discussing your research in English • Help build international collaborations
Poster presentations Poster layout
Poster size and layout can change depending on the conference
Can be either landscape or portrait (usually A0)
Organize sections based on a grid layout
Organize in columns, not rows (easier to read in a crowd)
Put important information at eye level
Poster presentations
Logo Short Descriptive Title of Your Research
Authors and Affiliations
Introduction
Acknowledgements
Results
Methods References
Discussion Results
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 3 Fig. 6
Model
Aims
Poster layout
Poster presentations
What’s wrong with this poster?
Title and Authors
Asymmetrical & Too Much Text Not practical for reading Not esthetic (pleasing to the eye,美的)
Poster presentations
Poster layout – Symmetry
Title and Authors
Asymmetry
Title and Authors
Horizontal symmetry
Title and Authors
Horizontal & vertical symmetry
Title and Authors
Diagonal symmetry
Poster presentations Poster formatting
Colors
• 2–3 colors maximum • Light background with dark letters
• Title: 85 pt • Authors: 50 pt • Headings: 36–44 pt • Text: 24–34 pt
• Read from 1.5 m • Use sans serif font
(Arial, Calibri)
Font
Poster presentations Preparing your poster
Important points to include
Not necessary
Brief introduction General methodology
Results Brief Discussion
Abstract Detailed methods Many references
Poster presentations Brief introduction
Why your work should be done
Current state of the field Identify knowledge gaps
State your objectives
Keep it short 2–3 paragraphs 200–300 words
Illustrations Use schematics or models to help
explain your hypothesis
Poster presentations General methodology
Briefly describe techniques in logical order
Don’t include specific details (e.g. what concentration buffer was used)
Use flow charts and illustrations for clarity
Poster presentations Results
Most of your poster
Large and clearly labeled figures
Figure legends Should explain technical details as
well as factually explain results
Image quality 300 dpi vs 72 ppi
CMYK vs RGB
Poster presentations Image quality
ppi (dpi): pixels per inch (dots per inch)
For printing, use 300 dpi
Most images are 72 ppi, so you need to change it to 300 ppi (e.g., Photoshop)
http://www.nature.com/nature/authors/gta/3c_Final_artwork.pdf
Poster presentations
http://www.nature.com/nature/authors/gta/3c_Final_artwork.pdf
CMYK Colors used for printing
RGB → CMYK can be unclear
RGB Primary colors of light
Used in monitors
Image quality
Poster presentations
http://www.nature.com/nature/authors/gta/3c_Final_artwork.pdf
CMYK Colors used for printing
RGB → CMYK can be unclear
RGB Primary colors of light
Used in monitors
Check image quality (Photoshop, Ctrl+Y for CMYK preview)
Image quality
Poster presentations Figures
Clear figure legend
Kindlin-2 knockdown and focal adhesion localization. Confocal immunofluorescent microscopy with anti-β1 integrin and anti-paxillin on C2C12 cells transfected with RNAi and then changed to differentiation media for 2 days. Control cells show linear staining consistent with localization to costameres (arrows), as well as punctate focal contact staining (arrowheads). Focal contact proteins in the kindlin-2 RNAi cells fail to form linear structures and instead are concentrated in unusual appearing puncta (*). (Scale bar = 20 μM).
Dowling et al. (2008) BMC Cell Biol 9:36.
Clear indicators
Title of the experiment
Brief methodology
Key findings
Poster presentations
Data aligned and formatted
Table formatting
Muñoz et al. New Engl J Med. 2003;348:518−527.
Clear and concise table caption
Abbreviations defined
NO lines!
Poster presentations Is this a good table?
Alignment and formatting problems
Alignment of text
Alignment of parentheses
Alignment of decimals
Data similarity
Lines
Tumor size (mm3) before treatment Mean (±SD)
Tumor size (mm3) after treatment
Mean (±SD)
% decrease
Treatment time
Group 1 423.2 (6.23) 232.8 (3.18) 44.99 4 months
Group 2 286.43 (4.8) 157.32 (2.29) 45.08 14 weeks
Group 3 342.7 (6.88) 218.4 (5.2) 36.27 3.5 months
Group 4 404 (3) 302 (4.21) 25.247 90 days
Poster presentations Making a good table
Tumor size (mm3) before
treatment Mean (±SD)
Tumor size (mm3) after treatment
Mean (±SD)
% decrease
Treatment time
(weeks)
Group 1 423.20 (6.23) 232.80 (3.18) 44.99 16
Group 2 286.43 (4.80) 157.32 (2.29) 45.08 14
Group 3 342.70 (6.88) 218.40 (5.20) 36.27 14
Group 4 404.00 (3.00) 302.00 (4.21) 25.25 12
Tumor size (mm3) before treatment Mean (±SD)
Tumor size (mm3) after treatment
Mean (±SD)
% decrease
Treatment time
Group 1 423.2 (6.23) 232.8 (3.18) 44.99 4 months
Group 2 286.43 (4.8) 157.32 (2.29) 45.08 14 weeks
Group 3 342.7 (6.88) 218.4 (5.2) 36.27 3.5 months
Group 4 404 (3) 302 (4.21) 25.247 90 days
Poster presentations Graphs
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 1 h 2 h 3 h 4 h 5 h 6 h
Drug A
Drug Bng
/ml
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 1 h 2 h 3 h 4 h 5 h 6 h
Use high contrasting colors Clearly label axes Clear legends
Poster presentations
Drug A
Drug B
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
01 h
2 h3 h
4 h5 h
6 h
NEVER use 3-D graphs for 2-D data
Graphs
Poster presentations Conclusions
Summarize important points
Use bullet points for emphasis
Illustrate your model with a schematic
Do not place too low on the poster
Poster presentations
Additional tips
Export your poster as a PDF to ensure there are no formatting issues at the printer (make sure A0 size)
Print out A4-sized copies of your poster for distribution
Put your contact information on your poster
Prepare a 30-second speech to get people’s attention
Be able to present your poster in 3–5 min
Encourage discussion
• Ask them questions about their research • Pause between figures to give them time to ask questions
Break
Any questions?
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Your colleague has prepared three different posters, but he is unsure which one is the best for presenting at a conference he is attending next month. Please review each of the three posters and give advice on how he can improve readability.
Activity 1: Posters
Too much text!
Introduction is too long
Methods should be
more graphic
Figure legends are too long
Figures are too small
Conclusions should be
bullet points, with model
No contact information
Activity 1: Poster 1
Font has low readability
Methods should be
more graphic
Figure legends are too short
Conclusions should be
bullet points
Unclear title
Activity 1: Poster 2
Figures are too large
No: • Methods • References • Acknowledgments • Contact info
Conclusions should be
bullet points, not placed at the bottom
Activity 1: Poster 3
Clear title
Concise Introduction
Schematics
Graphical Methods
Large figures with clear
figure legends
Bullet point Conclusions with model
Contact info
Activity 1: Good poster
Presenting posters
Section 3
Presenting posters
Start positive and get their attention early
You will have 30 seconds to convince people to stay at your poster
Photo used with permission from Dr. Pascal Wallisch
Presenting posters
You will have 30 seconds to convince people to stay at your poster
Polite greeting
Study implications
Smile, “Good afternoon…”
Why your poster is important to them
“In our study, we found that [main conclusion]. This suggests that [implication].”
Start positive and get their attention early
Presenting posters
You should be able to present your poster <5 minutes
Presenting your poster
Other posters Be respectful, attendees want to see other posters too
Other attendees Be efficient, you want to present to many attendees
Limited attention
Be aware, many distractions and attendees may be tired
Presenting posters
Briefly introduce your study
Introduction
Background and research problem
Objectives and methodology
“Currently, it is thought that...” “However, it is not clear…”
“To address this issue, we used [methodology] to determine [aims].”
Useful to ask the background of your audience
• What are your aims to address the problem?
• Briefly describe the general methodology
Presenting posters
Figures – Guide the audience
Describing data/figures
Introduce the figures
Talking about the data
State specific implications
“First, we [describe experiment].”
“Here, you can see...” “It was clear that…”
“This result suggests that...” “To address this, we next…”
Ask for your audience’s opinions!
Presenting posters
Finishing your presentation
Conclusions
Main conclusions
Next steps
“Together, these results suggest that...”
“Currently, we are investigating...”
“Do you have any questions or suggestions?”
Invite questions Get advice to improve
your study
Presenting posters Additional poster tips
Don’t block your poster
There will likely be more than one person reading it
Don’t make them read it!
Bring 50 A4-sized copies of your poster (with contact details) to distribute
Present your poster to them
Lunch
Any questions?
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Section 4
Oral presentations
Coverage and Staffing Plan
Oral presentations
Comparing articles and presentations
Time
Flow of information
Not limited Readers can take
their time
Limited Limited attention
No control Readers can skip
sections
Control Audience has to
listen to everything
Articles Presentation
Coverage and Staffing Plan
Oral presentations
Types of oral presentations
Lab meetings Seminars/Jour
nal clubs
Short talks Full talks
Local presentations
Conference presentations
30–60 min 30–60 min
5–15 min 20–45 min
Estimate 1.5–2 minutes per slide
Coverage and Staffing Plan
Oral presentations
Keep your audience in mind
What do they want to know?
What do you want to tell them?
What will be interesting for them?
What will keep their attention?
Keep it simple!
Coverage and Staffing Plan
Oral presentations
Keep your audience in mind
What do they want to know?
What do you want to tell them?
Tissue engineering of liver
Device development Drug toxicity testing
Bioengineers Life/health science
Coverage and Staffing Plan
Oral presentations
Keep your audience in mind
Younger/ Broader
• More introduction • More graphics (e.g., methodology) • Simpler explanation of results • Clearer/broader implications
Experienced/ Specialized
• Less introduction • More data and figures • Clear implications • Future directions
Experience level and area of expertise
Coverage and Staffing Plan
Oral presentations Telling a story
Beginning Why your study
needs to be done
Middle What you found
End How your study
advances the field
Logical flow
Coverage and Staffing Plan
Oral presentations
Use the same principle in your presentations!
In writing, you should link the end of one sentence with the beginning of another.
Transitions within and between slides
The budget is tight, but you deserve a raise. Your salary
will increase at the beginning of next year.
Coverage and Staffing Plan
Oral presentations
Slide 1
• Point 1 • Point 2 • Point 3 • Point 4
Slide 2
• Point 1 • Point 2 • Point 3 • Point 4
Slide 3
• Point 1 • Point 2 • Point 3 • Point 4
Benefits Easier to understand
Easier to present
Transitions within and between slides
Coverage and Staffing Plan
Oral presentations
Figure 1: Initial findings
• Gene expressed in heart – Human and mouse
• Expressed higher in embryonic tissue
Figure 2: Development
• Peak expression at E10
• Expressed in migrating neural crest cells
When expressed?
Which stage of development?
Formation of outflow tract
Transitions within and between slides
Coverage and Staffing Plan
Oral presentations Always be prepared!
• Person before you spoke too long • Ask you to finish early • Technical difficulties • Many questions during your talk • Dogs
Only essential information on your slides
Can adjust your timing based on your talking points
Activity 2: Slide organization
Organize the slides into a logical order. Identify anything else that can improve the logical flow of this presentation.
Remarkable Changes in Behavior and Physiology of Laboratory Mice after the
Massive 2011 Tohoku Earthquake in Japan
Shuichi Yanai, Yuki Semba, & Shogo Endo
PLOS ONE 2012;7:e44475
• How earthquakes affect behavior is not known
• In humans, earthquakes correlate with increase in psychiatric disorders
• Effect on laboratory animal behavior not clear
Slide titles?Introduction 1,
2 etc
• March 11, 2011, a 9.0 magnitude earthquake occurred in Tohoku region of Japan
• Tokyo (300 km from the epicenter) experienced seismic activity during the earthquake and aftershocks months after
• Food intake: mice were fed ad libitum for 4 h, food weighed before and after
• Water maze: test spatial memory
• Fear conditioning: pair tone and shock
• Serum levels of corticosterone were measured Where are these
data?
In this study, we measured:
Number of earthquakes and its intensity in Tokyo in March and April 2011
Earthquake-experienced mice experienced one strong earthquake during testing
Food consumption before and after earthquake
Body weight of naive vs. earthquake-experienced mice
Food Consumption and Body Weight
Food consumption increased by ~50% after the earthquake
Body weight did not increase after the earthquake
Number of trials for mice to learn where is the platform
Time spent swimming in quadrants after platform removed
Water Maze
Earthquake-experienced mice learned where the platform
was located more quickly
Both groups of mice remembered where the
platform was located ANOVA, p<0.05
Fear Conditioning
1 h after conditioning
24 h after conditioning
Earthquake-experienced mice learned conditioned fear better than naive mice
Pain Sensitivity
Earthquake-experienced felt pain similarly as naïve mice
Late
ncy
to
lick
paw
(se
c)
Hotplate test
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Earthquake-experienced Naïve
Is this important?
Earthquake-experienced mice were found to have:
• Increased food intake
• No weight gain
• Faster spatial learning
• Enhanced fear conditioning
• Increased food consumption without body-weight gain also seen in 2008 China earthquake
– Reduced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue
• Earthquakes might affect metabolic activity
Better to combine with previous slide?
Earthquake-experienced mice were found to have:
• Increased food intake, but no weight gain – Also seen in 2008 in China (ref)
– Earthquakes might affect metabolic activity
• Faster spatial learning
• Enhanced fear conditioning
• Mice suffering from natural disaster might reflect animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• Knockout mice might identify key genes and pathways in this disorder
• Researchers should be careful of using mice after a natural disaster
Thank you!
Questions?
Break
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Section 5
Preparing slides
Preparing slides Effective titles
Which conference has clearer
titles?
?
You know exactly what these presentations are about before you attend
1. http://www.frontiersinpolymerscience.com/resources/downloads/POLY2015_oral_programme_final.pdf 2. http://www.ispac-conferences.org/Data/Sites/1/ISPAC%20documents/ISPAC-Scientific-Program.pdf
1
2
Preparing slides
Important points
Summarize key finding Contains key words Less than 20 words
Avoid
Effective titles
Your title should be a concise summary of your most important finding
Questions Describing methods Abbreviations “Study of…” “New” or “novel”
Preparing slides Beginning
Brief introduction
Background information
Aims of your study
Use pictures and diagrams
Preparing slides Example
• Lumenal structures (bile canaliculi, BC) between hepatocytes are difficult to maintain in vitro
• Sandwich culture configurations promote BC maturation
• Intracellular mechanisms unclear
AIM: Determine if intracellular tension promotes or maintains BC maturation in vitro
Actomyosin activity
Actomyosin activity
Preparing slides Example
• Lumenal structures (bile canaliculi, BC) between hepatocytes are difficult to maintain in vitro
• Sandwich culture configurations promote BC maturation
• Intracellular mechanisms unclear
AIM: Determine if intracellular tension promotes or maintains BC maturation in vitro
Actomyosin activity
Actomyosin activity
What is known
What is not known
Model
What are the aims
Preparing slides Middle
Methods
Flow chart or schematic
Figures
Important results
Preparing slides Example
Seed primary rat hepatocytes (d1)
Collagen overlay (d2)
Treat cells with inhibitors (d3)
Fix cells (d4)
Confocal microscopy
Preparing slides Figures
Main limitation? Space!
Only choose most important data
Organize clearly
Preparing slides Selecting important data
Want et al. BMC Cell Biol. 2011;12:49.
Colocalization of tyrosine phosphorylated cortactin and active Src at focal adhesions
Localization at focal adhesions
Localization at the leading edge
Preparing slides
Colocalization of tyrosine phosphorylated cortactin and active Src at focal adhesions
Localization at focal adhesions
Localization at the leading edge
Want et al. BMC Cell Biol. 2011;12:49.
Selecting important data
Preparing slides Black and white images
Localization at focal adhesions
Want et al. BMC Cell Biol. 2011;12:49.
Localization at focal adhesions
Often helpful to display images on a screen
Preparing slides Selecting important data
Go et al. New Engl J Med. 2004;351:1296.
Kidney disease
Not cardiovascular
Preparing slides Selecting important data
Modified from: Go et al. New Engl J Med. 2004;351:1296.
Characteristic Total Cohort (N=1,120,295)
≥ 60 ml/min/1.73 m2
(N=924,136)
< 60 ml/min/1.73 m2
(N=196,159)*
Age (yr) 52.2 ± 16.3 49.1 ± 15.1 66.6 ± 13.0
Female sex (%) 54.6 53.4 60.2
Ethnic group
White 50.90 47.20 68.60
Black 7.4 7.2 5.3
Hispanic 5.9 6.3 4.1
Asian 8.1 8.5 6.7
Mixed 2.4 2.4 2.8
Other 25.30 28.40 12.50
Medical history
Coronary heart disease
6.3 4.5 17.80
Stroke 2.6 1.7 8.3
Peripheral arterial disease
1.8 1.1 6.7
Chronic heart failure
2.1 1.0 19.80 * estimations
Important
Preparing slides Often graphs are better than tables
Modified from: Go et al. New Engl J Med. 2014;351:1296.
0
5
10
15
20
25
Coronary heartdisease
Stroke Peripheralarterial disease
Chronic heartfailure
Healthy
Kidney disease
Perc
ent
of
pat
ien
ts w
ith
at
leas
t
on
e ca
rdio
vasc
ula
r ev
ent
Readable axes!
Preparing slides End
Conclusions
Summary and implications
Future directions
How is this being further developed?
Preparing slides Slide layout
Font
• Sans serif (e.g., Arial, not serif) • 40 pt for titles • 30+ pt for headings • 24+ pt for main text
Layout • Limit 8 lines of text per slide • Use bullet points, not sentences • Organize and align clearly
Well-designed slides show that you care about the presentation
Preparing slides
You should never write complete sentences like this on your slides. Therefore, try to use bullet points
instead to communicate your ideas to your audience. Bullet points are also a great way to list the main
points for your audience on the slide. However, it can also be boring for them as well. If this happens, you
can quickly lose the attention of your audience. As we discussed earlier, once you lose the attention of
your audience, your presentation is essentially over and you have not communicated the significance or
relevance of your work to them. Another problem with bullet points is that it might suggest hierarchy in
the list that you are sharing with your audience, which can be misleading for your audience. They may
assume that the first point is more important that the last point, when this may not necessarily be the case.
Lastly, having one large block of text to read takes more time for your audience and can be more difficult,
especially for non-native English attendees.
Serif font style (Times New Roman)
Font is too small (18 point)
Full sentences (unnecessary text)
Bullet points
Preparing slides
You should never write complete sentences like this on your slides. Therefore, try to use bullet points
instead to communicate your ideas to your audience. Bullet points are also a great way to list the main
points for your audience on the slide. However, it can also be boring for them as well. If this happens, you
can quickly lose the attention of your audience. As we discussed earlier, once you lose the attention of
your audience, your presentation is essentially over and you have not communicated the significance or
relevance of your work to them. Another problem with bullet points is that it might suggest hierarchy in
the list that you are sharing with your audience, which can be misleading for your audience. They may
assume that the first point is more important that the last point, when this may not necessarily be the case.
Lastly, having one large block of text to read takes more time for your audience and can be more difficult,
especially for non-native English attendees.
Serif font style (Times New Roman)
Font is too small (18 point)
Full sentences (unnecessary text)
Written as paragraph
Bullet points
Preparing slides Bullet points
You should never write complete sentences like this on your slides. Therefore, try to use bullet points instead to communicate your ideas to your audience. Bullet points are also a great way to list the main points for your audience on the slide. However, it can also be boring for them as well. If this happens, you can quickly lose the attention of your audience. As we discussed earlier, once you lose the attention of your audience, your presentation is essentially over and you have not communicated the significance or relevance of your work to them. Another problem with bullet points is that it might suggest hierarchy in the list that you are sharing with your audience, which can be misleading for your audience. They may assume that the first point is more important that the last point, when this may not necessarily be the case. Lastly, having one large block of text to read takes more time for your audience and can be more difficult, especially for non-native English attendees.
Changed to 20 point Calibri font (sans serif)
Preparing slides
• Use bullet points instead of sentences to communicate your ideas to your audience.
• Bullet points are also a great way to list the main points for your audience on the slide.
• However, it can also be boring for them as well. If this happens, you can quickly lose the attention of your audience.
• Another problem with bullet points is that it might suggest hierarchy in the list that you are sharing with your audience, which can be misleading for your audience.
• Lastly, having one large block of text to read takes more time for your audience and can be more difficult, especially for non-native English attendees.
• Removed extra sentences • Used bullet points • Made 22 point font
Bullet points
Preparing slides Bullet points
Advantages
• Easier to read than sentences • Good way to list information
Disadvantages
• Can be boring – Lose your audience attention
• Can suggest hierarchy • Too much text can be difficult to read
• Removed full sentences • Formatted bullet points • Made 26/32 point font
Preparing slides
Can be boring for audience
Useful way to list information
Bullet points
May suggest hierarchy
Can be difficult to read
Graphics
Preparing slides
Forces you to reduce text
Graphics
Preparing slides
Contrasting colors, easy to read
Simple and organized
For information, not decoration
For pictures, use compressed images
Graphics
Preparing slides Bad example
Aims: To investigate whether sorafenib is effective in diabetic HCC patients
Currently unclear how metabolic disorders affect sorafenib efficacy
Preparing slides
Audience cannot read ahead
Focus the attention of your audience
Keep it simple: appear, fade, wipe
Do not distract from your information!
Animation
Preparing slides Bullet points
Advantages
• Easier to read than sentences • Good way to list information
Disadvantages
• Can be boring – Lose your audience attention
• Can suggest hierarchy • Too much text can be difficult to read
Especially useful for bullet points!
Preparing slides Useful PowerPoint tips - Alignment
Snap objects to other objects for alignment consistency
Use the “Arrange” menu to organize your content
Ctrl + arrow keys allows fine movement of content
Preparing slides Useful PowerPoint tips – Slide Master
Format all your slides at one time
Preparing slides Useful PowerPoint tips – SmartArt
Preparing slides Useful PowerPoint tips – Presenter View
Click the “Use Presenter View” to see your slide notes and upcoming slides
Notes
https://support.office.com/en-za/article/What-is-Presenter-view-98f31265-9630-41a7-a3f1-9b4736928ee3
Preparing slides Useful PowerPoint tips – Presenter View
To use Presenter View, use the “Extend” mode ( + P)
Also useful for making last minute changes without your audience noticing!
Activity 3: Slide formatting
Study the following 5 slides. What would you recommend to improve their readability?
Research has shown that friends are more similar than chance would predict. There are to models that have been suggested to account for this similarity. The first is the social selection model, which states that because people want to be friends with people similar with them. The second model is the peer influence model, which states that because friends become more similar over time. However, because longitudinal studies to distinguish between these two models are difficult and complex, it is still unclear which model is accurate.
Why are friends so similar?
Bad contrast
Don’t use Clip Art!
Bad font style Font too small
Use bullet points Don’t use full sentences
Methods
Cell Culture • COS-7 cells were purchased from ATCC • Maintained at 37°C and 5% CO2
• Transfected with indicated plasmids and Lipofectamine 2000
Drug treatments • Cells treated 1 day post-transfection • Nocodazole (10 μM) and Cytochalasin D (1 μM) added for 1 h • Treated cells fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde
Confocal microscopy o Fixed cells were stained with indicated antibodies o Images obtained with a Nikon A1+ confocal microscope o ImageJ used to quantify fluorescent intensity
Use schematics
Inconsistent color, text box shape, and font style
Unnecessary details
Not properly aligned
PCL scaffolds can be interwoven to promote stem cell differentiation and extracellular matrix formation similar to what is seen in native tissues
Brunger et al. PNAS 2014; 111: E798–E806.
Too many figures
Too small to read
Observation 1 Observation 2
Actor-based model
Create a tie Break a tie Do nothing
Adopt preference Discard preference Do nothing
b a
Nice and clear slide
Conclusions
• Identified social stratification as a likely cause of workplace prejudice
• Establishment of support programs improves working environment
• Optimal program conditions are 8–10 people and 2 hours long
• Biannual programs are sufficient in reducing prejudice
• Currently evaluating cultural factors involved in program efficacy
By Notnoisy (Own work) [CC BY 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Unrelated background
Distracting
Conclusions
• Identified social stratification as a likely cause of workplace prejudice
• Establishment of support programs improves working environment
• Optimal program conditions are 8–10 people and 2 hours long
• Biannual programs are sufficient in reducing prejudice
• Currently evaluating cultural factors involved in program efficacy
By Notnoisy (Own work) [CC BY 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Unrelated background
Distracting
Break
Any questions?
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@EdanzEditing
Like us on Facebook
facebook.com/EdanzEditing
Download and further reading edanzediting.co.jp/shinshu150627
Activity 4: Presentation summary
Please fill out Activity 2 in your workbook. Summarizing your research BEFORE you
make a presentation will ensure you have a logically organized talk for your audience.
Presentation activity
1–2 slides
1–2 slides
1 slide per figure
1–2 slides
Exclude for short talks
Estimate 2 min per slide
Thank you!
Any questions?
Follow us on Twitter
@EdanzEditing
Like us on Facebook
facebook.com/EdanzEditing
Download and further reading edanzediting.co.jp/shinshu150627
Trevor Lane: [email protected] Ayli Chong: [email protected]
Post-seminar assignment
Due September 14th: Prepare 5 slides about your research that can be presented within 10 minutes
Returned by September 25th: Edanz will review your slides and provide advice on how you can improve the readability and presentability
October 3rd: After revision and practice, you will present these slides to the group
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