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8th Europenan Cave Rescue Meeting 2014 Organized by Corpo Nazionale Soccorso Alpino e Speleologico

on a behalf of European Cave Rescue Association

Cave Rescue Commission Croatian Mountain Rescue Service

Darko Bakšić & Dinko Novosel

Corpo Nazionale Soccorso Alpino e Speleologico

Cristiano Zoppello

Trieste, Italy, 24th-26th October 2014

French vs Italian

by Spéléo secours Française by Corpo nazzionale soccorso Alpino e Speleologico

Basic principle for stretcher transport OLIMP pit enterance

OLIMP pit enterance

French bivouac

How to set bivouac for the victim

French rescue system Principe - Basic assessment of victime, first aid; - Medical assessment, to set bivouac; - to establsh communication between bivouac and surface (telephone line) - Rescue teams are instructed to work on segments/parts to be ready for evacuation of strechers; - when all is ready, transport or evacuation of the victime can start.

Advantage - Victim is more shortly exposed to the transport, less endanger; - Its possible to climb not just using progression ropes than using fixed rescue ropes.

Disadvantages - Gear and ropes have to be prepared according to rescue evacuation plan for each segment; - Much more gear and ropes; - More rescuers; - All bivouac for rest have to be set in advance (it’s possible improvisation).

Italian bivouac

„Ready to use” bivouac

Italian rescue system

Principe - Basic assessment of victime, first aid; - Medical assessment, to set bivouac; - to establsh communication between bivouac and surface and all teams in cave (telephone line); - Rescue teams do NOT work in relation to space but to time

Advantage - Gear and ropes are prepared in advance, not necessary to waste time form preparation -Plan of cave is not necessary; - Less rescuers; - Its possible to set more bivouacs quickly - continuous hauling with two ropes offer more flexibility in anchor setting.

Disadvantages -Time of evacuation is longer; - Requires more experienced rescue team organization and an average surplus of technical skills among members; - Shorter number of rescuers so it is more exsaustive, requires rotations of rescue teams.

Anchors

French

Italian

- Basic principe (there are more modifications)

Counterweight system

French

Italian

Hauling systems

French

Italian

Z rig system

independent Z rig system

Passing knot

French

Italian

Tyrolean traverse

French

Italian

Counterweight on Tyroliean traverse

French

Italian

Counterweight on Tyroliean traverse - Scabar

15

Changing of stretcher position

French (Stef)

Italian

Fracture of processus spinosus and articulare at third lumbar vertebra.

Cave Rescue in Cave system Kita Gaćešina (2012) Example of cave rescue mission in Cave System Kita Gaćešina

Place of injury – 2 km from entrance, -450 m depth

Cave Rescue in Cave system Kita Gaćešina (2012)

France system

Italian system


Cave System Kita Gaćešina (27,383 m length, -737 m depth)

French – plan is made in site, during rescue operation or in advance according data from cave cadaster

Part of Kita Gacesina cave system near entrance



NO. TEAM NAME AND SURNAME STATION NO. ENTERED EXITED NO. TEAM NAME AND SURNAME STATION NO. ENTERED EXITED

1 Lana Đonlagić ZG 1 8:20 6:09 44 Igor Jelinić KA 1 20:38 6:31

2 Katija Milišić ST 2 8:20Caving

team45 Željko Baćurin KA 2 20:38 6:50

46 Andrej Stroj ZG 3 20:38 6:14

3 Ronald Železnjak ZG 1 9:35 2:13

4 Mladen Palinić ST 2 9:35 18:26 47 Zlatko Balaš KA 1 21:07 9:19

5 Slaven Boban ZG 3 9:35 1:46 48 Marko Kurpez KA 2 21:07 8:54

49 Siniša Rudolf DE 3 21:07 8:20

6 Filip Bach ZD 1 10:45 12:30

7 Ivica Radić ZG 2 10:45 7:12 50 Krešimir Pogačić KA 1 21:59 9:21

8 Marko Budić ZG 3 10:45 7:06 51 Domagoj Eklić KA 2 21:59 9:15

52 Gajo Dojčinović KA 3 21:59 9:01

9 Darko Bakšić ZG 1 12:00 8:31 53 Ivica Ćukušić ZG 4 21:59 8:37

10 Tomica Bošnjak SAM 2 12:00 8:00

11 Ljubo Majica ZD 3 12:00 13:40 54 Željko Vukušić ŠI 1 22:32 5:44

12 Anika Ivković ZD 4 12:00 7:46 55 Mladen Matetić ŠI 2 22:32 5:50

13 Ena Vrbek ZG 5 12:00 8:26 56 Toni Butković DE 3 22:32 6:01

14 Danijel Frleta RI 6 12:00 7:43

15 Danko Škalamera RI 7 12:00 11:10 57 Anton Vukičević ŠI 1 23:15 5:36

16 Igor Petričić RI 8 12:00 10:53 58 Dražen Starović NO 2 23:15 5:44

17 Moreno Almassi PU 9 12:00 8:47

18 Goran Rnjak ŠI 10 12:00 5:56 59 Dinko Novosel ZG 1 23:35 5:34

19 Neven Galant PU 11 12:00 9:58 60 Maja Kriška RI 2 23:35 5:38

20 Marin Glušević ST 12 12:00Caving

team61 Marko Krpešić RI 3 23:35 5:38

21 Ivan Mišur ZG 13 18:30 7:04

22 Tomislav Nagy ZG 14 18:30 8:48 62 Ivan Došen ŠI 1 23:55 5:38

23 Zoran Brajković PU 15 18:21 8:42 63 Marko Kulaš KA 2 23:55 5:38

24 Ivica Šnajder DE 16 18:21 7:35 64 Diego Košta RI 3 23:55 5:38

25 Tomislav Skendar DE 17 18:21 9:36 65 Ivica Perković ST 4 23:55 5:38

26 Branislav Grubić NO 18 18:21 8:30 66 Grgo Puljas ST 5 23:55 5:38

27 Marko Lukačević PŽ 19 18:21 7:32

28 Nikola Šoić ZG 20 18:30 6:52 67 Ana Bakšić ZG 1

član

speleoekip

e

član

speleoekip

e

29 Božo Nikl SAM 21 18:21 9:28 68 Antonio Kovačić ST 2

član

speleoekip

e

23:00

30 Sanjin Gotić RI 22 18:21 11:23 69 Frane Kožemelj ST 3

član

speleoekip

e

23:00

31 Matej Mirkac PU 1 11:05 7:05 70 Dalibor Jirkal ZG 1 9:27 14:29

32 Krešimir Prskalo ZD 2 11:05 13:04 71 Stipe Tutiš SOŽ 2 9:27 14:34

33 Petar Matika PU 3 11:05 8:27 72 Ruđer Novak ZG 3 9:27 13:33

73 Zvonimir Završki SOŽ 4 9:27 14:30

34 Siniša Atlija ZG 1 20:10 6:41

35 Ivan Mijat ŠI 2 20:10 6:36 74 Josip Tomaić GS 1 9:27 13:21

75 Josip Tomljenović GS 2 9:27 13:27

36 Darko Troha ZG 1 20:15 6:22 76 Milan Abramović GS 3 9:27 13:22

37 Dalibor Pleskalt BJ 2 20:15 7:01

77 Mario Musulin VŽ 1 9:25 15:38

38 Luka Mudronja ZG 1 20:18 5:46 78 Alan Rinkovec VŽ 2 9:25 15:38

39 Sunčica Hrašćanec ZG 2 20:18 5:44 79 Zoran Ateljević DU 3 9:25 13:59

40 Tihana Boban ZG 3 20:18 6:10

41 Matija Čepelak ZG 4 20:18 5:34

42 Mile Močić ŠI 5 20:18 6:27

43 Darko Štefanac ZG 6 20:18 6:54

E5

E6

E7

E8

PHYSICIANS

BLASTERS

COMMUNICATION

E1

E13

BIVAK

E2

DE-RIGGING 3

E9

E10

E11

E12

RESCUERS-caught in

the pit

zatečeni

u jami

DE-RIGGING 1

E3

DE-RIGGING 2

E4

Rescuers caught in cave - 3

Medical team - 2 rescuers

Blaster team - 3 rescuers

Communication - 3 rescuers

E1 – E2 - 12 + 10 rescuers

E2 – E12 – 36 rescuers

De-rigging team – 10 rescuers

79 rescuer in cave

35 rescuers outside cave

TOTAL 114 rescuers


-From the report on the accident, until the extraction of the caver, the operation lasted more than 26 hours (30:53 hours from accident).

- All together, when the last rescuer exited, it amounted to 41:08 hours.

Rescue training - Malga Fossetta

23

From -650 mt to the entrance in 37 hours of hauling (average 17,5 meters/hour)

More than 50 rigs

500 meters of transport

Total hours of operation: 48 hours

Lightweight techniques

Rescue plan planing Italian – list of gear and ropes prepare in advance (example)

25

Lightweight configuration Normal configuration

What to adopt and use?

- both strategies with little modifications in relation to cave morphology can be efficiently used, depends on the human and technical capacites of the service.

- Parts near entrance, less difficult parts where more rescuers can work – French strategy; - Deep parts of the cave where can less rescuers can enter– Italian strategy. - We use more French „style” with modifications, for example annealing on Tyrolean traverse, two knots on anchor, etc.

Quastions?