9.1 How do cells use E?Cell Processes – make new molecules, build membranes and organelles, maintain homeostasis (active transportation).

Body Processes – muscle contraction, digestion, brain control

9.1 Where does your body get E?You EAT!

Carbohydrate, Lipids, and Proteins ALL get broken down HIGH E bonds in Carbs and Lipids All break down and eventually make…

ATP (adinosine triphosphate) – quick E for the cell

9.1 How does ATP work?•E is stored in the BONDS.

•Each bond in ATP has more and more E.

•Break a bond and E is released.

9.1 Why is ATP so useful?RECHARGABLE: ADP is like a rechargeable battery that is low…you can recharge it by

putting another phosphate group on it.

This alleviates the need for a cell to store large quantities of ATP (no space)

As long as phosphates are available you can recharge.

9.1 How do cells get the E from ATP. Proteins have special sites for ATP to bind.

E is usedAfter the 3rd P breaks off ADP is released

ATP

9.3 What is Cellular Respiration?The process of mitochondria (power station of the cell) to break down glucose (from food) to make ATP.

There are 3 stages:GlycolysisCitric Acid/ Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

9.3 What is Glycolysis?Anaerobic Location: Cytoplasm

Uses: GlucoseMakes: a little ATP and Pyruvic Acid

What is the Citric Acid Cycle?Location: Mitochondria

Uses: Pyruvic Acis

Makes: a little ATP and electrons and CO2

What is the e- Transport Chain Aerobic Location: Inner Mito. membrane

Uses: electrons from CAC

Makes: A LOT of ATP and water

What is fermentation?When NO oxygen is present….

Glycolysis still happens, but next step is FERMENTATION

Essentially makes enough E to run glycolysis

Lactic Acid FermentationUsed by animal cellsProduces lactic acid and 2 ATP

Alcoholic FermentationUsed by yeast and some bacteriaProduces CO2 and ethyl alcohol

What is photosynthesis?

sunlight

6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2

Job = take sun’s E and convert it into into something storable, such as

sugar/starch

Where do the reactions take place?

www.biologycorner.com/resources/photosynthesi...

9.2 What is Photosynthesis?Photosynthesis-Creates food/energy

Base of food chain in plant material (producers)

Creates O to breathe O is a byproduct

Eliminates CO2

CO2 is taken in

9.2 Describe the reactions of photosytnesis1. Light Dependent

Rxn. Uses light and

water to create ATP and O2 (we breath this)

2. Light Independent Rxn. (Calvin Cycle)

Uses ATP and split water from LD to create sugars (usable E)

upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/S...

grapevine.net.au/~grunwald/une/KLAs/science/i...

Reactants

Products

Compare and Contrast Photosynthesis

Food/Glucose made

CO2 taken in

O2 given off

H20 broken downRequires lightOccurs in cells with chlorophyll

Cellular Respiration