Adult Bible Study GuideApr • May • Jun 2014Adult Bible Study Guide
Apr • May • Jun 2014
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Adult Sabbath School Bible Study GuideAn Appeal
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Christ and His LawContents
1 Laws in Christ’s Day 2 Christ and the Law of Moses 3 Christ and Religious Tradition 4 Christ and the Law in the Sermon on the Mount 5 Christ and the Sabbath 6 Christ’s Death and the Law 7 Christ, the End of the Law 8 The Law of God and the Law of Christ 9 Christ, the Law and the Gospel10 Christ, the Law and the Covenants11 The Apostles and the Law12 Christ’s Church and the Law13 Christ’s Kingdom and the Law
Christ and His LawOur Goal
WE WILL study the law, especially the question of why so many
Christians—misunderstanding the relationship between law and grace
—have fallen into the trap of denying the continued validity of
the Ten Commandments,thus unwittingly helping the
attempt to “overthrow” God’s law.
Christ and His LawLesson 4, April 26Christ and His LawLesson 4, April 26
Christ and the Law in the Sermon on the Mount
Christ and the Law in the Sermon on the MountKey Text
Matthew 5:17, 18 NKJV
“ ‘DO NOT think that I came to destroy the Law or the Prophets. I did not come to destroy but to fulfill. For assuredly, I say to you, till heaven and earth pass away, one jot, or one tittle will by no
means pass from the law till all is fulfilled.’ ”
Christ and the Law in the Sermon on the MountInitial Words
THE SERMON on the Mountcovers three chapters divided into
four sections.The third, Matthew 5:17–48, is where Jesus gives us a new and deeper perspective on the law
(which theologians call the antitheses, cases in which sharp
contrasts are presented).
Christ and the Law in the Sermon on the MountQuick Look
1. “One Jot or Tittle” (Matthew 5:17, 18)2. Murder and Adultery (Matthew 5:21-32)3. Promises and Retaliation (Matthew 5:33-48)
Christ and the Law in the Sermon on the Mount1. “One Jot or Tittle”
Matthew 5:17, 18 NASB
“ ‘DO NOT think that I came to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I did not
come to abolish but to fulfill.For truly I say to you, until heaven
and earth pass away,not the smallest letter or stroke shall
pass from the Law until all is accomplished.’ ”
1. “One Jot or Tittle”A Great Emphasis
JESUS BEGINS this section with the assurance that He has not come to abolish “the Law or the Prophets.”
Many see this as a formulaic expression for the entire Old
Testament (see also Matt 7:12,Acts 13:15, Rom 3:21). His purpose
was to “fulfill” the law and the prophets, not to do away with them.
1. “One Jot or Tittle”A Great Emphasis
The word used for “fulfill” (plero) literally means to “fill up” or
“complete.” It carries the sense of “filling to the brim.”
The immediate context shows that Jesus did not come to destroy
Scripture but to reveal its inner essence. Jesus confirms the
perpetuity of the law.
Christ and the Law in the Sermon on the Mount2. Murder and Adultery
Matthew 5:21-32 NKJV“ ‘WHOEVER IS angry with his brother without a cause…and…says “Raca!” shall be in danger of the council. …
Whoever looks at a woman to lust for her has already committed
adultery with her in his heart.’ ”
2. Murder and AdulteryFrom the Decalogue
JESUS DOES not focus on the act itself but on the motive and intents
of the one who commits the act.The person who purposes to take a
life has gone through a period of deliberation. The sin took place before the terrible deed. Many
potential murderers are stopped only by a lack of opportunity.
2. Murder and AdulteryFrom the Decalogue
Often the sole purpose of harsh words or cursing is to evoke
negative feelings in the victim. It’s not just those who carry through
with the crime who are guilty of murder but also those who speak
harsh words to others or who even harbor murderous thoughts.
2. Murder and AdulteryFrom the Decalogue
In the context of the law of Moses, adultery took place when a married person was sexually involved with
someone other than a spouse.The law was very clear that both parties found guilty of adultery
should be put to death.
2. Murder and AdulteryFrom the Decalogue
Adultery often starts long beforethe acts are committed.
It begins at the very moment when an individual lustfully desires
another person, married or single, to whom he or she is not married.
Christ and the Law in the Sermon on the Mount3. Promises and Retaliation
Matthew 5:33-48 NKJV
‘ ‘DO NOT swear at all…. But let your ‘Yes’ be ‘Yes,’ and your ‘No,’ ‘No.’ For whatever is more than these is
from the evil one. …Love your enemies, bless those
who curse you, and pray for those who spitefully use you and
persecute you….’ ”
3. Promises and RetaliationFrom the Mosaic Law
THE MOSAIC law, from which Jesus quotes, is listed in a section of
Leviticus that condemns a number of deceptive practices.
It is evident that Jesus’ concern is with the intentions. Anyone who
makes a promise with no intention of fulfilling it has made a conscious
decision to sin.
3. Promises and RetaliationFrom the Mosaic Law
Rather than making promises that may not even be in the power of the
individual to fulfill,a Christian should be a person of
integrity whose “yes” means “yes” and “no” means “no.”
3. Promises and RetaliationFrom the Mosaic Law
The law called for the offender to suffer the same experience as the victim.
This principle is there to limit retaliation; that is, to keep people from extracting more from a wrong done to them than they are rightfully entitled
to extract. Thus, in many ways,this law was to ensure that justice was
not perverted.
3. Promises and RetaliationFrom the Mosaic Law
Jesus focused on the Christians’ response to people who try to take
advantage of them.Rather than seeking opportunities
for revenge, Christians should “retaliate” with kindness, something
that we can do only through the grace of God working within us.
Christ and the Law in the Sermon on the MountFinal Words
LOVE IS the binding principle in God’s law. Jesus elevates the principle of love: love challenges the Christian to be always honest in his dealings with others and God; love allows a person to react in kindness when he has been wronged; and love empowers the individual to treat the enemy as he himself would like to be treated.