Alliances of the Cold War1949-1955
Nuclear Bomb
• 1949-Soviet Union Tests their 1st Atomic Bomb
• The world is now faced with possibility of complete NUCLEAR WARFARE
Berlin Airlift & Development of Nuclear Bomb
raises Cold War tension
U.S. seeks alliances to deal with Soviets
NATO• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (1949)
– Alliances with other countries
• Promised to protect NATO members with armed forces
• U.S., Canada & 10 western nations: – Great Britain, France, Portugal, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg,
Denmark, Norway, Switzerland, and Italy.
Warsaw Pact [1955]
• Soviets form Warsaw Pact– Response to threat of NATO
– Pledge to defend each other
• Soviet Union, Poland, East Germany, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Albania, and Bulgaria
WarsawCountries
NATOCountries
The World In 1955
• Two Super Powers – Nuclear Capability
• Two Ideologies: – Communism vs. Democracy
• Each attempt to limit growth:– Each side trying to stop the spread of communism or democracy
Brinkmanship
• A willingness to go to the edge of War– Example: Cuban Missile Crisis
• Each side began producing stockpiles of Nuclear Arms
• Became known as the ARMS RACE
U.S.A Soviet Union
• Democracy Communism
• NATO Warsaw
• Marshall Plan Molotov Plan
• Containment Iron Curtain
1910
1920
1950
1970
Conflicts of Cold War
• Korean War – (1950 - 1953)
– Ends with a divided Korea (communist in North)
• Cuban Revolution – (1959)
– Ends with a communist Cuba
• Vietnam War – (1960 - 1973)
– Ends with a communist Vietnam
• U-2 Incident – (1960)
– Soviets shot down a U.S. spy plane
• Cuban Missile Crisis – (1962)
– U.S. & Soviets go to edge of Nuclear War
U-2 Incident
The NEW risk of WAR