Anesthesia and its Complication
Potential complication related to hazardous drug interactions
1. Antibiotics and curariform muscle relaxant
Ex: Neomycin SO4 streptomycin SO4polymycin A and B SO4
colistin SO4kanamycin SO4.
2. antidepressants
MAO (monoamine oxidase) inhibitors
3. diuretics
thiazides
4. antihypertensives
ReserpineHydralazinemethyldopa
5. anticoagulants
HeparinCoumadin
6. aspirin
7. steroids
cortisone
GA
1. CARDIAC ARREST
GA
2. RESPIRATORY DEPRESSIONa. Excessive mucusb. CNS depressionc. Bronchospasm/
laryngospasm
GA
3. HYPOTENSION AND SHOCK
GA
4. LOSS OF PROTECTIVE RESPONSE TO PAIN
GA
5.VOMITING AND ASPIRATIONS
GA 6.
GA
7. Malignant hyperthermia: possible
treatment with dantrolene
Treatment of Complications
Establish an open airway.Give oxygen.Notify the surgeon.Fast-acting barbiturate is usual
treatment. If toxic reaction is untreated,
unconsciousness, hypotension, apnea, cardiac arrest, and death may result.
RACOMPLICATIONS
RA
1.Anaphylaxis Immunologic sensitization methylparaben
Overdosage Hazardous site:▪ Vascular: Tracheobronchial
mucosa▪ Tissue: head, neck,
paravertebral.
RA
1.HYPOTENSION
Mgt:
PREVENTION: Infuse 500-800 mL of IV
if not prone to CHFINTERVENTION: Oxygen administration Vasoconstrictive drugs Trendelenburg position
10-20 mins after induction
PREVENTION:Avoid extreme trendelenburg position before level of anesthesia sets
INTERVENTION:Artificial airway
Mgt:
2.NAUSEA AND VOMITINGINTERVENTION: Oxygen administration Give ephedrine, anti-
emetics IVF
RA
3.HEADACHE – excessive loss of CSF due to:a.Loss of large
spinal fluidb.Poor hydration
PREVENTION:Use of small needleAdminister IV before and after induction
Keep well hydrated to aid in spinal fluid replacement.
inject client blood to plug the hole (10cc)
Flat on bed for 6 to 8 hours
INTERVENTION:Apply tight abdominal binder
IV administrationAnalgesic
RA
4.Overdosage
Complications/ Discomforts of Regional Anesthesia:
5. RESPIRATORY PARALYSIS – happens when drug reaches upper thoracic and cervical cord in large amount or in heavy doses
6. Neurological Complication- maybe due to:a. unsterile needle, syringes or anesthetic agentb. per-existing disease of CNSc. transient response to anestheticsd. position during surgery
Mgt:
supportive care for transient forms
antibiotic and steroid therapy
rehabilitation for permanent paralysis
RAS/S By systems
The side effects of local anesthetics Local effects- local irritation and skin
breakdown CNS effects if systemic absorption
occurs- headache, restlessness, anxiety, dizziness, tremors and blurred vision.
GI system- nausea, vomiting Cardio- arrhythmias, peripheral
vasodilation, myocardial depression, and rarely, cardiac arrest
ANY QUESTION?