APNIC Regional Update
Elly Tawhai Senior Internet Resource Analyst/Liaison Officer, Pacific, APNIC PacINET 2014 25 September 2014
Introduction to APNIC
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What is APNIC?
• Regional Internet Registry (RIR) for the Asia Pacific region - One of five RIRs currently operating around the world - Non-profit, membership organisation
• Industry self-regulatory body - Open - Consensus-based - Transparent
• Meetings and mailing lists
– http://meetings.apnic.net – http://www.apnic.net/mailing-lists
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Where is the APNIC Region?
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What is APNIC’s role?
• APNIC provides Internet resource services to the Asia Pacific Region – IPv4, IPv6, ASN – Maintains the Whois database – Provides reverse DNS delegation for the resources
allocated to the region
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What does APNIC do?
• Facilitate the policy development process – Via mailing lists and meetings
• Implements policy changes – When the community has discussed and agreed upon
them
• Information dissemination • Training services • Collaboration & Liaison
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APNIC from a Global Perspective
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IP Addresses
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What is an IP Address?
• An Internet Protocol (IP) address is a number that identifies a device on a computer network
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What is an IP Address?
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193.0.0.131
196.216.2.1
192.149.252.7
200.160.2.15
202.12.29.20
192.0.0.214
206.131.253.68
116.68.148.101 202.12.29.142
What is an IP Address?
• An IP address is a number • Every device directly connected to the Internet
needs a unique IP address • There are two types of IP addresses
– IPv4 and IPv6
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Internet Number Registry Structure
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Who need IP Addresses?
• Service providers – To be used in network infrastructure – To be assigned to customers
• Independent networks – To be used in their own networks
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Why get IP Addresses?
• Service providers – One of the key components in service provision
• Independent networks – Allows easier management of multiple
connection to ISPs/IXPs – Removes the need to renumber when changing
providers
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How to get IP Addresses?
• Service providers and independent network operators get their IP addresses from their Internet Registry (National or Regional) – Must meet current policy criteria – Maximum /21 (2,048 addresses) of IPv4 – Initial /48 to /32 of IPv6
• Casual users get their IP addresses from their service provider (ISP, hosting, data centre etc.)
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Ways Service Providers or Independent networks
get IPv4 in AP region
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Ways to get IPv4 in the AP region
• Rationing APNIC’s ‘last block’ of IPv4
• IPv4 address transfer
• Recycling returned IPv4 address space
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Rationing the ‘last block’
• APNIC’s last remaining block is 103.0.0.0/8 – Equal to 16,777,216 addresses
• Each member can only get up to 1,024 addresses (/22)
• Allows new members to get a little bit of IPv4 before it completely runs out
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IPv4 address transfer
• Transfer is allowed through: – Merger & Acquisition – Needs based market transfer
• Needs based market transfer – The recipient (or buyer) must show evidence of need before a
transfer can be registered by APNIC – Policy designed by the community to prevent hoarding
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IPv4 Transfers
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Using listing service Pre-approval usage Statistics as at 31 August
Recycling returned IPv4 address space
• Address space returned to IANA will be re-distributed equally to all 5 Regional Internet Registries – prop-105: Distribution of returned IPv4 address
– implemented May 2014
• The re-distributed space received by APNIC is rationed like the ‘last block’ – A member can only get up to 1,024 addresses (/22) from recycled
pool
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IPv4 Delegations
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By pool By size By Member Statistics as at 31 August
IPv4 sourcing strategy in AP
• If needing a large number of IPv4 addresses, consider market transfer by following these steps:
1. Get pre-approval from APNIC 2. Find a source (seller or broker)
• Check [email protected] mailing list
3. Execute the transfer and register it at APNIC
• If needing just a small amount of IPv4 addresses for your corporate customer, consider signing them up as an APNIC member – Get up to 1,024 addresses (/22) from last block – And up to 1,024 addresses (/22) from recycled pool
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Referral application
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So why IPv6?
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Status of IPv4
• Internet Protocol (IP) addresses uniquely identify devices on the Internet
• Currently, almost all devices connected to networks use the IP version 4 (IPv4) address system
• IPv4 has more than 4 billion possible address combinations, but these are being used up quickly – APNIC reached its final /8 IPv4 block on 15 April 2011
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IPv6
• Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) was developed to ensure the continued growth and innovation of the Internet – IPv6 offers an extremely large (212^8) address space, as each
address is 128 bits long, rather than 32 bits
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IPv6 Delegations
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Cum
ulat
ive
Del
egat
ions
By delegation type By size By request type
In 2014
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Key business drivers for IPv6
• IPv6 enables the sustainable growth of the Internet – This in itself is a major motivation to deploy IPv6
• IPv6 provides the possibility for new services and business opportunities on large-scale IP installations: – e.g., smartphones, smart grid initiatives, and cloud computing – These have all driven an increase in demand for IP addresses
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Challenges of IPv6
• There are some challenges associated with IPv6 deployment
• A device connected via IPv4 cannot communicate directly with a device connected via IPv6 – This poses a compatibility challenge; until all networks and devices
are IPv6 capable, we need to run both protocols simultaneously
• What IPv6 Transition Technologies to employee?
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How can APNIC help
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APNIC Development services
• Training
• Engineering Assistance
• Infrastructure projects
• Support for community development and engagement (NOGs, fellowships and engagement with other AP Internet organizations etc.)
• ISIF projects and awards
• Policy
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Responding to the needs of community
• Training (about 3,000 trainees a year in 19 of 56 economies)
• Engineering assistance (2-3 projects)
• Fellowships (14 APNIC 38 fellows from 10 nations; 2 youth fellows)
• Community development (8 NOGs supported in 2014)
• Project grants (ISIF projects highlighting the services and impact of member networks)
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Training Type
• Workshops: 3 - 5 days
• Tutorials: 1 - 2 days
• E-learning: 1 - 2 hours
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Training Focus
1. IP and AS resources
2. Reverse DNS
3. Network security
4. Routing
5. IPv6
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Engineering Assistance (EA)
What? • Independent advice and assistance from networking experts • Network design and optimization, guidance on best current
practices, and deployment of operational technologies, IPv6, etc.
Why? • To assist and support APNIC’s members in the design and
operation of their network infrastructure
Where? • Within APNIC’s service region
How much? • On a cost-recovery basis
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ISIF Asia Awards and Grants
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Supporting technical innovation for socio-economic development
in the Asia Pacific
Awards Grants Economies 5 from 93 applications
12 from 139 applications
Cook Islands, Kiribati, New Zealand, Tuvalu, India, Australia/Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Micronesia, Vietnam, Cambodia, Bangladesh, Philippines, Vanuatu
Other news
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APNIC Survey 2014
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5.91
6.15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
A5.2 Assessment on APNIC on Value of services &
membership
A5.1 Assessment on APNIC on Quality of services
Mean
Assessment of APNIC performance in general
Focus Groups held in 17 economies
1,039 Survey responses – thank you!
Reports available: www.apnic.net/survey
Responses from 56 economies
Survey + Focus Group Themes
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Value / Fees
Communications
Training
Transparency
Community Engagement
Services
Improving Communication
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Our goal: Provide clear information where you want to read it
New APNIC Blog – more relaxed
language, richer content, community participation
‘Event wraps’ for clear reporting of
APNIC event activities
More active social media + APNIC is now on Weibo!
Updated APNIC background videos
Website refresh – more to come!
You’re Invited!
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APRICOT 2015: Fukuoka, Japan, 24 Feb-6 Mar 2015
2015.apricot.net
Thanks Elly Tawhai