America and it’s growing role in the War
“Arsenal of Democracy”
Germany Control’s EuropeGermany invades France
in May, 1940Dunkirk
French and British forces forced to fall back
Mass evacuationNearly 340,000 evacuated
to BritainFrance surrenders June
25, 1940Pro-German Vichy FranceFrench Resistance will
continue through-out war
Germany and BritainPlan
Destroy coastal defensesPound the British with
repeated attacksCross Channel invasion
Blitz24 hr bombing of Britain
begins Sept. 7, 1940Will last until May 1941
Plan scrapped Italy has trouble with
GreeceGermany forced to assist
Prepare for larger invasion
Operation BarbarossaGermany plans to invade
Russia in May 1941 Italy’s issues with Greece
delay attack Invasion begins June 22,
1941 with 4.5 million troops Late start will come back to
haunt GermanyMove quickly
Control industrial center of Ukraine
Make it to Moscow Oct. 1941 but weather sets in Duh moment
Stalled in Leningrad
The United State 1940-1941Dec. 1940
FDR addresses the nationAmerica will remain
out of warWill supply Allied
powers“Arsenal of
Democracy”FDR’s plans
185,000 aircraft120,000 tanks
Preparation for WarSelective Service Act of
1940Fill 90 Divisions16.4 million will serve by
end of warAfrican-Americans
Represent 10% of population, but only 6% of Armed forces Marines: No blacks until
1943 Navy: crew service and
dock workers Army: non-combat Army Air Corps: Tuskegee
Airmen
From Car to TanksOffice of Price
AdministrationRegulate prices and
rationingOffice of War
MobilizationMajor corporations
will reconvert to war materialsMajor contracts go
to larger corporations
American PrioritiesAmerica adopts a
“Europe First Policy”Cemented in June
1941 with German invasion of RussiaPlanners agree
Russia will not hold out
JapanDiplomacy and US
Navy will keep “Those folks in line”
“A Date Which Will Live…”America Enters the War
Pearl Harbor, HawaiiNov. 26, 1941
Japanese fleet including 6 aircraft carriers leave Japan
Sunday, Dec. 7, 19416:05 am: First Wave take
off183 planes
6:55 am USS Ward sinks a midget sub near harbor
7:51 the attack begins A second wave of 173
planes does most damage to fleet
“Day of Infamy”Aftermath of the attack
4 battleships sunk 4 battleships damaged 350 aircraft destroyed 3 destroyers and 3 cruisers
sunk 2,402 killed
1,117 on the USS Arizona 68 civilians killed
Doris “Dorie” Miller Cook on USS W. Virginia Takes up a .50 caliber in
defense Wins Navy Cross Dies in battle Dec. 7, 1943
“We Have Awaken a Sleeping Giant”Accomplishments
Knocks out the US battleship fleet
Knocks out Pacific Fleet’s ability to defend PacificOpens door to further
invasionsFailures
Failed to send 3rd waveCarrier Fleet out at seaSub piers, fuel and ammo
depots, shipyards, and head quarters not attacked
Brought America into WWII
Not Just PearlPearl was meant to take
out US NavyJapanese quickly
advance through PacificTake Hong Kong,
Guam, Wake IslandDestroy US planes on
PhilippinesBegin invasion
Make their way SouthGoal: Block and take
out Australia
The World is on FireDec. 8, 1941
FDR calls a special session of Congress
Address the nation on the attacks on Pearl Harbor
Congress quickly passes a declaration of war
Dec. 11, 1941Germany and Italy
declare war on the US
Battle for BataanJapanese invade
Philippines Dec. 22, 1941US and Filipino troops
forced to Bataan Peninsula and Corregidor IslandMarch 12, 1942 General
MacArthur forced by FDR to Australia
April 9, 1942: Gen. King surrenders Bataan
May 1942: Corregidor falls
Death March63,000 Filipino and
12,000 Americans surrender Japanese unprepared for
the amountForced march to Camp
O’Donnell62 miles
Atrocities are numerous650 Americans and 5,000
to 9,000 Filipinos dieOnly 350 Americans will
survive the POW camps
Doolittle RaidApril 16, 194216 B-25 bombers
take off from the USS HornetLed by Jimmy
DoolittleMake bombing run
over TokyoMinimal damage
But morale lifted71 of 80 pilots return
home
Europe FirstNorth Africa and the Mediterranean
2nd FrontStalin wants a 2nd
European FrontSoviet are being
slaughtered in EastChurchill
Focus on MeditereanAfrica, Italy, Balkans
FDRWants 2nd frontAgrees with Churchill
Front pushed off for invasion of Africa
North Africa Prior to USItalian’s hope to capture
Egypt and Suez CanalBoth controlled by
BritishOperation Compass
Italy invades EgyptBritish push them back
to TunisiaGerman Intervention
Post Greece fallGerman’s under Erwin
Rommel enter battle
Operation TorchJoint US and British
Invasion of North AfricaEast to West attack
US takes Vichy French Morocco
British take Oran and Algiers
Battle of Kasserine PassFeb. 1943
Untested Americans against Rommel’s Panzer division
US force routedGen. Patton takes
charge of US forcesWhips them into
shapeMeets Panzers again
US takes this oneRommel is gone
El Alamein1st Battle
Stalemate2nd Battle
Erwin “The Desert Fox” Rommel (Ger.)vs. Bernard Montgomery (Brit)
British Defeat GermansTurn tide of Africa
campaignRommel ordered back
to Germany
Tehran ConferenceNov. 28-Dec. 1, 19431st meeting of the Big
3Stalin, FDR, &
ChurchillAccomplishment
2nd Front agreed toTake place in May,
1944United Nations
createdPush to get Turkey
on side of alliesBorders of Poland
accomplished
Operation Mincemeat: “The man who Never Was”Attempt to fool
Germans about planned invasion of Sicily
British officer with documents dropped in Med. Documents report
planned invasionGermans fall for
deception
Operation HuskeyJuly 9, 1943Joint US and British
invasion of SicilyUS take West and
British EastUS to act as support
Patton not happyRace to Messina
Patton takes Palermo in record speed
US wins raceAt a price
Aftermath of SicilyAug. 3, 1943
Patton visits military hospital
Charles Kuhl is a shell shocked soldier
Enraged Patton slaps himReportedNearly ends his career
German forces retreat to Italy before Messina fallsNow much larger force
for allies to worry about
Operation AvalancheFDR opposed to Italy
invasionWants material to be
used for 2nd European Front
Churchill winsStalin upset
Sept. 3, 1943US and British
forces land in Salerno, Italy
Italy FallsItaly surrenders Sept. 8,
1943Germany takes control
StalemateSecond US invasion at
AnzioItaly campaign officially
ends with end of European war
MussoliniExecuted on April 28, 1945http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki
/File:Execution_of_Mussolini_(1945).ogg
End of Fascism in Italy