Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Vortex-induced issues:from vibration to noise generation
Julio R. [email protected]
NDF - Fluids and Dynamics Research Group, POLIUniversity of Sao Paulo - Brazil
Workshop:From fast cars to slow flows over bluff bodies
Translating knowledge on separated fluid mechanics2009 Imperial College London
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 1 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Outline
1 Review of fundamentalsVortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issuesVortex-induced noise
2 Vortex-induced vibrationVIV on marine risersBack to fundamentals
3 Interference problem3d simulationsBack to fundamentals
4 AeroacousticSound generated by the flow around a circular cylinderFlow around a slatBack to fundamentals
5 Concluding Remarks6 Acknowledgments
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 2 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Outline
1 Review of fundamentalsVortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issuesVortex-induced noise
2 Vortex-induced vibrationVIV on marine risersBack to fundamentals
3 Interference problem3d simulationsBack to fundamentals
4 AeroacousticSound generated by the flow around a circular cylinderFlow around a slatBack to fundamentals
5 Concluding Remarks6 Acknowledgments
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 3 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Vortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issues
Vortex shedding from bluff bodies
Two and three-dimensional flowStrouhal number versus Reynolds number curveCorrelation length experiments (Szepessy & Bearman 1992),wavy blunt trailing edge experiment (Tombazis & Bearman 1997)Onset of three-dimensionalities:
Secondary instabilitiesThree-dimensional modes (Williamson 1992, Leweke & Provansal1995): Mode A, Mode B (and later Mode QP, by Blackburn et al.)Clrms crisis (Norberg 2002)
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 4 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Vortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issues
St x Rey curve: Mode A and Mode B, Williamson (1992), Leweke & Provansal (1995)
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 5 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Vortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issues
Mode A: simulations by Siqueira (1999) and experiments by Williamson (1992)
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 6 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Vortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issues
Mode B: simulations by Siqueira (1999) and experiments by Williamson (1992)
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 7 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Vortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issues
Wavy blunt trailing edge experiments by Tombazis & Bearman (1997)
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 8 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Vortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issues
Vortex shedding from bluff bodies
Vortex shedding from an oscillating bluff body
Lock-in boundary:Experiments at high Re by Koopman (1968)Low Re calculations by Meneghini & Bearman (1995), employingVIC (Graham 1989)
Modes map (Williamson & Roshko 1988):Mode 2SMode P+S and 2P
Phase angle, its relation to energy transfer and shedding timing(Griffin 1980, Bearman 1984, Ongoren & Rockwell 1988)Oscillation effect on three-dimensional modes A and B
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 9 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Vortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issues
Williamson & Roshko (1988) Map
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 10 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Vortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issues
Mode P+S: Meneghini & Bearman (1995) and Williamson & Govardhan (2004)
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 11 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Vortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issues
Interference effect
Two circular cylinders side-by-side
Force time histories (Bearman & Wadcock 1973)Synchronization of the wake, flip-flop regime (experiments byWilliamson 1985)Chaotic state (2d calculations by Meneghini et al. 2001)
Two circular cylinders in tandem
Drag inversion on downstream cylinder (Williamson 1985,Meneghini et al. 2001)Three-dimensional modes (Carmo & Meneghini 2006, Carmo etal. 2009)
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 12 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Vortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issues
Interference regimes: Carmo & Meneghini (2006) and Carmo et al. (2009)
Regime SG
Regime AG
Regime WG
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 13 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Vortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issues
Interference effect on VIV
Two circular cylinders in tandem, one free to oscillate
VIV and WIV regimes (Assi et al 2006, and Assi et al. 20??)In WIV regime, VIV supressores (e.g. strakes) may looseefficiency (Korkischko & Meneghini 2009)
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 14 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Vortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issues
VIV and WIV: Assi et al. 2006
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 15 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Vortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issues
VIV and WIV, straked cylinder: Korkischko & Meneghini (2009)
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 16 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Vortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issues
VIV and WIV, straked cylinder: Korkischko & Meneghini (2009)
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 17 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Vortex-induced noise
Aeroacoustic
Lighthill analogy
Bluff bodies: circular cylinderHigh lift devices: slat and flapFfwocs Williams and Hawkings’ equation
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 18 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Outline
1 Review of fundamentalsVortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issuesVortex-induced noise
2 Vortex-induced vibrationVIV on marine risersBack to fundamentals
3 Interference problem3d simulationsBack to fundamentals
4 AeroacousticSound generated by the flow around a circular cylinderFlow around a slatBack to fundamentals
5 Concluding Remarks6 Acknowledgments
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 19 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
VIV on marine risers
Fatigue analysis of risers immersed in complex flowfields
Vortex method and FEMLagrangean vortex method (Spalart 1989 with few changes inthe algorithm)Finite element method for dynamic response (Ferrari 1998 andMourelle 2000)We must take care with:
Number of strips along the riser (at least 10 per wave length)Number of simulated cycles for fatigue analysisExamples
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 20 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
VIV on marine risers
VIV in a steel catenary riser, Meneghini at al. (2007, Report VIV P55, FUSP-BR)
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 21 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
VIV on marine risers
VIV in a steel catenary riser, Meneghini at al. (2007, Report VIV P55, FUSP-BR)
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 22 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
VIV on marine risers
Experiments in Delft: Chaplin et al. (2005)
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 23 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Back to fundamentals
Back to fundamentals
Oscillating cylinder and secondary instabilities
Floquet analysis (Gioria et al. 2009)3d DNS simulations (Spectral Element Method)Revised lock-in boundaryTransient growth analysis
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 24 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Back to fundamentals
Three-dimensional simulations (SEM-Fourier), oscillating cylinder: Gioria (2009)
1) A/D = 0.4 and f/fs = 0.95:
2) A/D = 1 and f/fs = 0.95:
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 25 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Back to fundamentals
Floquet analysis, oscillating cylinder: Gioria et al. (2006) and Gioria (2009)
1) A/D = 0.4 and f/fs = 0.95:
2) A/D = 1 and f/fs = 0.95:
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 26 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Outline
1 Review of fundamentalsVortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issuesVortex-induced noise
2 Vortex-induced vibrationVIV on marine risersBack to fundamentals
3 Interference problem3d simulationsBack to fundamentals
4 AeroacousticSound generated by the flow around a circular cylinderFlow around a slatBack to fundamentals
5 Concluding Remarks6 Acknowledgments
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 27 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
3d simulations
Interference regimes: Carmo 2005
Re = 270, l/d=1.5 (Re = 270, l/d=3)
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 28 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Back to fundamentals
Floquet analysis: secondary instability, Carmo et al. 2008, Carmo et al. 2009,
Regime SG, Lx/D = 1.5, Recr = 315 and Lz/D = 2.096
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 29 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Back to fundamentals
Floquet analysis: secondary instability, Carmo et al. 2008, Carmo et al. 2009,
Regime AG, Lx/D = 1.8, Recr = 409 and Lz/D = 2.838
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 30 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Back to fundamentals
Floquet analysis: secondary instability, Carmo et al. 2008, Carmo et al. 2009,
Regime AG, Lx/D = 2.3, Recr = 250 and Lz/D = 4.6
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 31 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Outline
1 Review of fundamentalsVortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issuesVortex-induced noise
2 Vortex-induced vibrationVIV on marine risersBack to fundamentals
3 Interference problem3d simulationsBack to fundamentals
4 AeroacousticSound generated by the flow around a circular cylinderFlow around a slatBack to fundamentals
5 Concluding Remarks6 Acknowledgments
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 32 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Sound generated by the flow around a circular cylinder
Flow around a circular cylinder, Re = 90000, LES, Fluent-Ansys
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 33 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Sound generated by the flow around a circular cylinder
Flow around a circular cylinder, Re = 90000, LES, Fluent-Ansys, SPL at 120d
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 34 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Flow around a slat
Slat simulation: Ma=0.1, Re = 1.2M, URANS (Spalart Almaras), Bonatto 2009
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 35 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Flow around a slat
Slat simulation: Ma=0.1, Re = 1.2M, URANS (Spalart Almaras), Bonatto 2009
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 36 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Back to fundamentals
Floquet analysis of the flow around a NACA0012 airfoil, Tsiloufas et al. 2009
1,0
|μ|
Re 400 Re 450 Re 460 Re 470 Re 500 Re 550
0,0
0 5 10 15 20
|μ|
β∙c
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1,0
λ/c
0,0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
440 460 480 500 520 540 560
λ/c
Re
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 37 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Back to fundamentals
Floquet analysis of the flow around a NACA0012 airfoil, Tsiloufas et al. 2009
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 38 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Outline
1 Review of fundamentalsVortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issuesVortex-induced noise
2 Vortex-induced vibrationVIV on marine risersBack to fundamentals
3 Interference problem3d simulationsBack to fundamentals
4 AeroacousticSound generated by the flow around a circular cylinderFlow around a slatBack to fundamentals
5 Concluding Remarks6 Acknowledgments
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 39 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Stability analysis studies: they can provide very importantinformation regarding the physical mechanism of VIV and VINStability analysis studies: they can give clever insights regardinghow to properly carry out CFD simulationsFlow control strategies based on stability analysis are alreadyfeasibleThe need for the development of high order CFD schemes forincompressible and compressible flowsWe still have a very long way to be able to precisely calculateVIV and VIN with a level of detail needed for the oil andaeronautical applications
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 40 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Outline
1 Review of fundamentalsVortex shedding and vortex-induced vibration issuesVortex-induced noise
2 Vortex-induced vibrationVIV on marine risersBack to fundamentals
3 Interference problem3d simulationsBack to fundamentals
4 AeroacousticSound generated by the flow around a circular cylinderFlow around a slatBack to fundamentals
5 Concluding Remarks6 Acknowledgments
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 41 / 43
Review of fundamentals Vortex-induced vibration Interference problem Aeroacoustic Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments
For all their achievements and source of motivationPeter Bearman and Mike Graham
For all collaboration and work going onSpencer Sherwin, John Chaplin, Richard Willden, Amie Morgans,Charles Williamson, Thomas Leweke, Theofillis Vassilis
Bruno Carmo, Gustavo Assi, Erico Santos
Fábio Saltara, J.A.P. Aranha, Cesario Siqueira, Ricardo Flatschart,Cássio Yamamoto, Rodrigo Fregonesi, Adson Paula, Paulo Jabardo,Iago Barbeiro, Alessandro Lima, José Lopez, Rafael Gioria, IvanKorkischko, Guilherme Franzini
For the creation of an enjoyable working environment at ICNikolas Tombazis, Stefan Szepessy, Richard Arkell, Gray Moita
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Julio R. Meneghini 42 / 43