BASAL ANGIOSPERMS AND
MAGNOLIIDS
Angiosperm Root
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SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION OF THE ANGIOSPERM
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The CRONQUIST SYSTEM (1981)
Dr. Arthur Cronquist of New York Botanical Garden classified different plants based on their FLORAL MORPHOLOGY and VEGETATIVE RELATIONSHPS.
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Cronquist divided flowering plants into broad classes: the Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons) and Liliopsida (Monocotyledons).
SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION OF THE ANGIOSPERM
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The ANGIOSPERM PHYLOGENY GROUP (APG)- (1998,2003) Aim: taxonomy of flowering plants using
PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS Tool: molecular biology techniques (genetic
sequences)– MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS Reclassification and regrouping of the flowering plants
based on their molecular characteristics Basis: 2 chloroplast genes and 1 gene coding for
ribosomes These genes are slowly evolving.
The group was made by 29 botanists.
SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION OF THE ANGIOSPERM
BASAL ANGIOSPERMS
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early angiosperms (roots angiosperms)Made up of 4 families (2 are present in the
Philippines) Amborellaceae Nymphaeaceae Austrobaileyaceae Chloranthaceae
Representative Organisms
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CLADES ORDER FAMILY EXAMPLESBasal Angiosperms
Nymphaeales
Nymphaeaceae
Nymphaea sp. (water lily)
Nelumbonaceae
Nelumbo nucifera (lotus)
Magnoliids
Magnoliales Annonaceae Annona squamosa (atis)Cananga odorata (ilang-ilang)Annona muricata (guyabano)
Magnoliaceae Magnolia grandifloraMichelia platyphylla
Laurales Lauraceae Persea americana (avocado)Piperales Piperaceae Piper nigrum (black pepper)
Peperomia pellucida
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Basal Angiosperms Nymphaeaceae
Nymphaea nouchali Nelumbonaceae
Nelumbo nucifera Chloranthaceae
Chloranthus elatior
Representative Organisms
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Magnoliids Annonaceae
Annona squamosa Cananga odorata Annona muricata
Representative Organisms
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Magnoliids Magnoliaceae
Magnolia grandiflora Michelia alba
Representative Organisms
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Magnoliids Piperaceae
Piper nigrum Piper betel Peperomia pellucida
Representative Organisms
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Magnoliids Lauraceae
Persea americana
Representative Organisms
Floral Evolution
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Trends in Flower Evolution
Reduction in number (number of stamen and pistil)
Fusion of floral parts (gamopetalous/ with corolla tube)
Specialization of Parts (presence of accessory floral parts)
Changes in symmetry (actinomorphic to zygomorphic)