- 1. Building Materials By: Beatriz Aguilar Janita & Juan
Manuel Donaire Felipe
2. MATERIALS USED IN CONSTRUCTION
- Materials of construction are thoose which are used in the
construction of buildings.
- Compact rocks : Are stone blocks of differents materials like
limestone and granite that formpaving stones, flagstones,...
- Separated rocks : Stone fragments with a variable size.- Clay:
Very small grains that absorbe water. -Arids:Are fragments of other
rocks:Sand and gravel.
3. Binder materials
- Binders are materials that, if they aremixed with water they
become pasty. And when they solidificate they adquire
rigidity.
- Gypsum: It is a mineral that mixed with water it is used
tocover walls.
4. Binder materials (II)
- Lime: It is obtained by the heating of limestone.
- Cement: It is the most used binder. There are various kinds of
cement like: -Iron and steel-Portland...
5. Concrete
- The concrete is acombination of binder, arids and water.
- Cellular concrete It is produced by the addition of air inside
it.
- Lime concrete; It is a type of concrete where the cement is
repleced by lime.
6. Concrete (II)
- Reinforced concrete:It is a type of concrete usually
strengthened withiron bars.
- Glass concrete: Its a type of concrete made with recycled
glass. It has a better long term strength and better thermal
insulation due to its better thermal properties of the glass
aggregates
7. Pottery Materials
- Pottery materials are pieces fabricated withclay fired in a
kiln.
- The process to elaborate pottery materials have two parts:
- 1. Some machines mix clay with water, then the mass is passed
through different kinds of nozzles.
- 2. The material cross several rooms with different
temperatures.
8. Pottery Products
- Bricks: Pieces of fired clay. There are two types:
- Thin bricks: have a good atmospheric resistant and insulating
properties. It is used to make facades
- Normal bricks: they have less resistance .Are used in
walls.
9. Pottery Products (II)
- Tile: Fired clay pieces used inroofs.
- Glazed tile: Pieces formed by two layers, one of clay and the
other of glass.They are use to recover walls in the kitchen and
bathroom.
10. Pottery Products (III)
- Stoneware: Is a mixture used to elaborate glass pottery pieces
which are used to makefloors and walls.
- Porcelain: Pottery material covered with enamel that gives to
it a glass appearance.
11. Other Materials
- Steel: Is used to reinforce the concrete.
- Glass: Is used in lots of types ofwindows, doors,
decorations...
- Copper: Is used ininstallations of water, gas...
12. Other Materials (II)
- Aluminum: Used in sides ofwindows, doors...
- Woods: Usedin roofs, doors, windows, floors...
- Plastics: Used like an insulating material, recovering of
thefloors, windows...
13. Building construction
- The builiding construction has several phases.
- 1. Prepare the terrain through several actions.
- 2. Positioning of the elements which are undergound
andgenerally are made of reinforced concrete.
- 3. Rising of the structure.
14. BuildingConstruction (II)
- 4.Itsthe covering of the builiding.
- 5.Materials like wood, stoneware... are used over each
floor.
- 6.Through the rising of walls rooms are builded.
- 7. Placing of several instalations like water or electricity
ones.
- 8.Its the final phase of the building, in which the use of the
building is determinated.
15. Construction Machinery
- In the excavation are useddiggers.
- In the leveling of the terrain are usedbulldozers,
steamrollers...
- The materials are transported inlorries.
16. Construction Machinery (II)
- The materials are elevated with cranes, which are formed by
three elements:
- 1.A vertical metallic structure.
- 2.A horizontal metallic structure which can turn 360.
- 3.Structure that supportthe load.
17. Enviromental Impact
- Human Beings live a great part of their lives inside buildings.
In Europe around the 40% of the energy is used inconstruction.
- The enviromnental impact is due to various factors:
- A building has a long life.
- It interfere with nature.
- A building is very complex andhas a great quantity of
materials.
18. THE END
- By: Juan Manuel Donaire & Beatriz Aguilar