Canada’s Vegetation Regions… at a glance
Prepared by: Miss Hetu
What region do you think this is?Think about the following characteristics that determine this vegetation region:Vegetation typesTemperaturePrecipitation Soil
NunavutNunavutTundraTundrawww.beringair.com/gallery/ tundra.jpg www.beringair.com/gallery/ tundra.jpg
North West Territories Tundra
http://www.protect-the-arctic.com/arctic_refuge.html
Tundra Vegetation Types:
Small shrubs, mosses, lichens Temperature:
Very cold, short growing season (above 6°C) Precipitation:
Very dry (actually!) Soil Type:
Thin soil, waterlogged/poor drainage, and frozen/permafrost
Where in Canada could this be?
Again…think about these factors:Vegetation typesTemperaturePrecipitation Soil
B.C.B.C.West Coast ForestWest Coast Forestwww.danielareif.de/westcoastusaFrame.htmwww.danielareif.de/westcoastusaFrame.htm
Douglas Fir
B.C. West Coast Forest
www.sonic.net/~kerry/ forest.html
West Coast Forest Vegetation Types:
Rainforest, VERY large coniferous trees Temperature:
Mild climate (avg. 10°C) Precipitation:
Heavy rainfall Soil Type:
Lots of humus (layer of decomposing organic matter i.e. leaves, fallen trees, carcasses, etc.)
View from the top of the Rockies… Vegetation types Temperature Precipitation Soil
B.C./Alb.B.C./Alb.Cordilleran VegetationCordilleran Vegetationhttp://www.ecoexplorer.ca/cordillera.htmlhttp://www.ecoexplorer.ca/cordillera.html
Below the mountain…
B.C. Cordilleran Vegetation
http://www.pfc.forestry.ca/ecology/ferns/sicamous/index_e.html
Cordilleran Vegetation Types:
Variable: grasses in dry/hot valleys, coniferous trees in lower valleys, and tundra-like above the tree line
Temperature:
Warmer in valleys, dry/hot valleys on the rain- shadow side of mountains, and cooler higher up
Precipitation:
Heavier rain on the windward side and lower down the mountains
Soil Type:
Variable/Soils of all types
What region do all these coniferous trees belong to? Vegetation types Temperature Precipitation Soil
Northern On.Northern On.Boreal and Taiga ForestBoreal and Taiga Forestridge.icu.ac.jp/gen-ed/ biogeog-jpgs/taiga.jpg ridge.icu.ac.jp/gen-ed/ biogeog-jpgs/taiga.jpg
Notice how ‘stunted’ and scattered the trees are…
Manitoba (Near the ‘treeline’)Boreal and Taiga Forest ridge.icu.ac.jp/gen-ed/biogeog jpgs/taiga.jpg
Boreal and Taiga Forest Vegetation Types:
Coniferous trees, some deciduous in south Temperature:
Cold, short growing season (above 6°C) Precipitation:
Wet climate Soil Type:
Thin soil/little humus, acidic soil, leaching , and waterlogged/poor drainage in many parts
Few trees in this region… Vegetation types Temperature Precipitation Soil
Southern Man.Southern Man.GrasslandsGrasslandswww.laprensa-sandiego.org/www.laprensa-sandiego.org/
Some here and there maybe…
Southern Sask.
Grasslands
www.tarleton.edu/.../ shortgrassprairie.html
Grasslands Vegetation Types:
Long and short grasses, cactus, trees in valleys Temperature:
Cold winter, hot summer Precipitation:
Very dry to dry, high evaporation Soil Type:
Limited humus, calcified soils, good humus in southern parts
A little more ‘variety’ in this region… Vegetation types Temperature Precipitation Soil
Southern Que.Southern Que.Mixed ForestMixed Forest
www.greenhoot.com/summer.htmwww.greenhoot.com/summer.htm
Land cleared for agriculture…
Southern Ont. Mixed Forest
http://www.pfc.forestry.ca/canforest/canf/taiga1_e.html
Mixed Forest (HERE!!!) Vegetation Types:
Coniferous and Deciduous trees Temperature:
Temperate climate (not too hot, not too cold) Precipitation:
Regular and abundant rain Soil Type:
Good humus, little leaching, perfect for farming
The back yard…Vegetation typesTemperaturePrecipitationSoilHardly a trace remains of the this region’s unique forest, because of massive clearing in the last 200 years for agriculture and more and more for urbanization. Toronto - Southern Ont.Toronto - Southern Ont.
Deciduous ForestDeciduous Forestwww.life.uiuc.edu/.../04Ecosystems/ Deciduous.gifwww.life.uiuc.edu/.../04Ecosystems/ Deciduous.gif
Deciduous Forest Vegetation Types:
Deciduous trees Temperature:
Long hot summer, mild winter Precipitation:
Lots of rain Soil Type:
Humus-rich!, some leaching, most fertile soil in Canada
Technicolour Forest